scholarly journals Políticas públicas de promoção de igualdade racial no Município de Caçapava do Sul/RS: análise da situação socioeconômica da população negra do município (2000-2010)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeni Xavier Siqueira dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Education ◽  
Racial Inequality ◽  
Black People ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Black Population ◽  
Racial Equality ◽  
Socioeconomic Data ◽  
The Impact

<p><strong>Public policies to promote racial equality in the municipality of Caçapava do Sul / RS: analysis of the socioeconomic situation of the black population of the municipality (2000-2010)</strong></p><p><strong>RESUMO: </strong>O presente trabalho buscou verificar as políticas públicas que foram/estão sendo implementadas pela administração pública municipal de Caçapava do Sul/RS com a finalidade de promover igualdade racial e qual sua efetividade considerando os dados socioeconômicos do IBGE (2000-2010). Para isto, utilizou-se de uma abordagem metodológica qualitativa, descritiva, exploratória, utilizando pesquisa documental e coleta de dados. Dessa forma, verificou-se que, segundo os dados do IBGE (2010), 80% das pessoas negras tem rendimento mensal até 1 (um) salário mínimo e quanto aos dados relativos à educação formal, 74% da pessoas negras possui ensino fundamental incompleto ou não possuem qualquer instrução escolar. Ao realizar uma comparação da situação socioeconômica e escolaridade da população negra considerando o Censo IBGE (2000) e os atuais dados do Censo (2010), apurou-se que houve um aumento no percentual de pessoas negras que frequentavam ensino superior. Porém quanto à situação econômica da população negra, verificou-se uma redução no rendimento, apontando que hoje a população branca do município possui rendimentos 80% maior que a população autodeclarada preta. Ao realizar a análise da legislação do município de Caçapava do Sul/RS localizaram-se apenas cinco legislações com conteúdo relacionado à promoção de igualdade racial, sendo a legislação a mais relevante a Lei nº. 3957/18 que cria a Coordenadoria Municipal de Promoção da Igualdade Racial – COMPIR no município. Desse modo, verifica-se a necessidade da implementação e ampliação das políticas públicas de promoção de igualdade racial que visem conter o impacto que o racismo sob a população negra e reduzir a desigualdade racial, que se mostrou presente no município de Caçapava do Sul/RS segundo os dados socioeconômicos do IBGE (2000-2010).</p><p> </p><p><strong>Palavras-chave</strong>: Racismo; Igualdade Racial; Políticas Públicas.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>ABSTRACT: </strong>The present work sought to verify the public policies for/are being implemented by the municipal public administration of Caçapava do Sul / RS with the purpose of promoting racial equality and its effectiveness considering the socioeconomic data of IBGE (2000-2010). For this, a qualitative, descriptive, exploratory methodological approach was used, using documentary research and data collection. According to data from the IBGE (2010), 80% of black people have a monthly income of up to 1 (one) minimum wage and 74% of black people have incomplete elementary education or do not have any school education. When comparing the socioeconomic situation and schooling of the black population considering the IBGE Census (2000) and the current Census data (2010), it was found that there was an increase in the percentage of black people who attended higher education. However, regarding the economic situation of the black population, there was a reduction in income, indicating that today the white population of the municipality has incomes 80% higher than the self-declared black population and 65% higher than the brown self-declared population. When analyzing the legislation of the municipality of Caçapava do Sul/RS were located only five laws with content related to the promotion of racial equality, the most relevant legislation being Law nº 3957/18 that creates the Municipal Coordination for the Promotion of Racial Equality - COMPIR in the municipality of Caçapava do Sul/RS. Thus, there is a need to implement and expand public policies to promote racial equality aimed at containing the impact of racism on the black population and reducing racial inequality, which was present in the municipality of Caçapava do Sul/ RS according to IBGE's socioeconomic data (2000-2010).</p><p><strong>KEYWORDS:</strong> Racism; Racial equality; Public policy.</p><p><strong>Data da submissão: 19/06/2019</strong><br /><strong>Data da aceitação: 04/05/2020</strong></p>

The Impact of Computers on Education and the Widening Income Gap

1986 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
William B. Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Black People ◽  
High Technology ◽  
Black Population ◽  
Computer Skills ◽  
Income Gap ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Rich ◽  
American Society ◽  
Black Unemployment ◽  
The Impact

America is rapidly moving into the computer age, and as a result, new opportunities will be available for those appropriately prepared. Blacks stand to move even further behind Whites from an economic standpoint as high technology becomes more pervasive because they tend to be clustered in schools where computers are less available to students, and they hold jobs where they are less likely to learn computer skills. Even in the past four years, there has been a widening of the income gap in America—that is, the rich have gotten richer, while the poor have become poorer. Black people are disproportionately affected by this situation because they are overrepresented at the lower income levels. Meanwhile, the level of black unemployment, especially among young people, remains frightfully high. Unless steps are taken so that Blacks gain computer skills and thus have access to some of the meaningful jobs that are developed in the high technology society, a social crisis of immense proportions will develop. A knowledgeable and employable black population will make positive contributions to the development of American society. A large cohort of computer illiterate Blacks, whose main chance of employment would be restricted to menial jobs, will produce divisions that will be problematic for all Americans.

scholarly journals Affirmative Action: An Overview of the History of Resistance, Struggle and Achievements of the Black Population in the Brazilian Context

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Daniela Mara Gouvea Bellini ◽  
Francisca De Lima Constantino
Keyword(s):  
Affirmative Action ◽  
Racial Inequality ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Black People ◽  
Black Population ◽  
Quota System ◽  
Racial Inequalities ◽  
History Of ◽  
Black Movement ◽  
Educational Field

This article seeks to present a reflection on affirmative actions that are characterized as public policies aimed at minority groups. On this perspective, we will make a cutting in the racial inequalities between blacks and whites in the Brazilian context, for the disparities between these groups are not marked only by social class, but also by the ambiguous racism that prevails in the country. Thereby, we seek to make the complaint of racial inequality in Brazil, as well as the announcement of answers achieved by the struggle of the black population, personified on the black movement and in actions in favor of black men and women who historically lived on the margins of society. In this sense, we organized the paper into three parts, plus the introduction and closing remarks. First, we present a brief historical and social context of race relations in Brazil. Then, we speak of about the steps and achievements of the black movement in the country. Finally, we highlight the affirmative action adopted for the benefit of black people, especially in the educational field, like the quota system in universities.

scholarly journals Racial disparities in acromegaly and Cushing’s disease: a referral center study in 241 patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana G Ioachimescu ◽  
Neevedita Goswami ◽  
Talin Handa ◽  
Adlai Pappy ◽  
Emir Veledar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cushing’S Disease ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Remission Rate ◽  
Black Population ◽  
Postoperative Outcomes ◽  
Cushing's Disease ◽  
Tumor Diameter ◽  
Cavernous Sinus Invasion ◽  
Black Patients ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Purpose The impact of race on presentation and postoperative outcomes in adults with acromegaly (ACM) and Cushing’s disease (CD) has not been evaluated. Methods This is a retrospective study of consecutive patients operated at a large-volume pituitary center. We evaluated: 1) racial distribution of patients residing in the metropolitan area (Metro, N=124) versus 2010 U.S. Census data, 2) presentation and postoperative outcomes in Black versus White for patients from the entire catchment area (N=241). Results For Metro area (32.4% Black population), Black patients represented 16.75% ACM (p=0.006) and 29.2% CD (p=0.56).Among 112 total ACM patients, presentations with headaches or incidentaloma were more common in Black patients (76.9% versus 31% White, p=0.01). Black patients had a higher prevalence of diabetes (54% versus 16% White, p=0.005), significantly lower IGF-1 deviation from normal (p=0.03) and borderline lower median GH levels (p=0.09). Mean tumor diameter and proportion of tumors with cavernous sinus invasion were similar. Three-month biochemical remission (46% Black, 55% White, p=0.76) and long-term IGF-1 control by multimodality therapy (92.3% Black, 80.5% White, p=0.45) were similar. Among 129 total CD patients, Black patients had more hypopituitarism (69% vs 45% White, p=0.04) and macroadenomas (33% vs 15% White, p=0.05). At 3 months, remission rate was borderline higher in White (92% vs 78% Black, p=0.08) which was attributed to macroadenomas by logistic regression. Conclusion We identified disparities regarding racial distribution, clinical and biochemical characteristics in ACM, suggesting late or missed diagnosis in Black patients. Large nationwide studies are necessary to confirm our findings.

The methodological approach for the determination of the pressure of artificial raindrops as a question of the theory of splash soil erosion

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Mihail Zver'kov
Keyword(s):  
Block Diagram ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Effective Pressure ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Splash Erosion ◽  
Rain Drops ◽  
Artificial Rain ◽  
The Impact

To the article the results of the theoretical and experimental researches are given on questions of estimates of the dynamic rate effect of raindrop impact on soil. The aim of this work was to analyze the current methods to determine the rate of artificial rain pressure on the soil for the assessment of splash erosion. There are the developed author’s method for calculation the pressure of artificial rain on the soil and the assessment of splash erosion. The study aims to the justification of evaluation methods and the obtaining of quantitative characteristics, prevention and elimination of accelerated (anthropogenic) erosion, the creation and the realization of the required erosion control measures. The paper considers the question of determining the pressure of artificial rain on the soil. At the moment of raindrops impact, there is the tension in the soil, which is called vertical effective pressure. It is noted that the impact of rain drops in the soil there are stresses called vertical effective pressure. The equation for calculation of vertical effective pressure is proposed in this study using the known spectrum of raindrops. Effective pressure was 1.4 Pa for the artificial rain by sprinkler machine «Fregat» and 5.9 Pa for long distance sprinkler DD-30. The article deals with a block diagram of the sequence for determining the effective pressure of rain drops on the soil. This diagram was created by the author’s method of calculation of the effective pressure of rain drops on the soil. The need for an integrated approach to the description of the artificial rain impact on the soil is noted. Various parameters characterizing drop erosion are considered. There are data about the mass of splashed soil in the irrigation of various irrigation machinery and installations. For example, the rate (mass) of splashed soil was 0.28…0.78 t/ha under irrigation sprinkler apparatus RACO 4260–55/701C in the conditions of the Ryazan region. The method allows examining the environmental impact of sprinkler techniques for analyzes of the pressure, caused by raindrops, on the soil. It can also be useful in determining the irrigation rate before the runoff for different types of sprinkler equipment and soil conditions.

The Impact of a Potential Public/Private Initiative on a Defined Region of the South Suburban Chicago Metropolitan Area

2019 ◽  
pp. 14-32
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Market Area ◽  
State And Local ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

The university is considered one of the engines of growth in a local economy or its market area, since its direct contributions consist of 1) employment of faculty and staff, 2) services to students, and supply chain links vendors, all of which define the University’s Market area. Indirect contributions consist of those agents associated with the university in terms of community and civic events. Each of these activities represent economic benefits to their host communities and can be classified as the economic impact a university has on its local economy and whose spatial market area includes each of the above agents. In addition are the critical links to the University, which can be considered part of its Demand and Supply chain. This paper contributes to the field of Public/Private Impact Analysis, which is used to substantiate the social and economic benefits of cooperating for economic resources. We use Census data on Output of Goods and Services, Labor Income on Salaries, Wages and Benefits, Indirect State and Local Taxes, Property Tax Revenue, Population, and Inter-Industry to measure economic impact (Implan, 2016).

Specifics of creating an effective system of project financing of innovation and investment activities of dairy subcomplex enterprises

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 1951-1969
Author(s):  
S.A. Chernikova
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Project Financing ◽  
Financing System ◽  
Management Of Innovation ◽  
Effective System ◽  
The Impact

Subject. The article considers the need to study the financing of investment and innovation processes and creating an effective system of project financing. Objectives. The purpose is to search for new opportunities to enhance the competitive advantages of enterprises of the dairy subcomplex, to ensure their financial stability and steady position in specialized agricultural food-product markets. Methods. The study draws on the theoretical and methodological approach to the impact of project management of innovation and investment activities on improving the efficiency of the project financing system and financial stability of enterprises operating in the dairy subcomplex. Results. The findings show that four levels can be distinguished in the formation and improvement of the system of project financing and the management of innovation and investment activities, depending on the depth of transformation. The principle that provides the integration of the said system with the current model of management of the dairy subcomplex enterprise is defined as a driver. The paper offers a number of levels of the system transformation to gain competitive advantages. Conclusions. I present a mechanism for creating and improving the system of project financing and the management of innovation and investment activities, and a mechanism for interaction of the network of automated information systems, intended to make management decisions, with the automation of information support to innovative solutions.

The Digital Divide and K-12 Student Computer Use

10.28945/2926 ◽  
2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
James N. Morgan ◽  
Craig A. VanLengen
Keyword(s):  
Digital Divide ◽  
Computer Use ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Limited Basis ◽  
K 12 ◽  
The Impact

The divide between those who have computer and Internet access and those who do not appears to be narrowing, however overall statistics may be misleading. Measures of computer availability in schools often include cases where computers are only available for administration or are available only on a very limited basis (Gootman, 2004). Access to a computer and the Internet outside of school helps to reinforce student learning and emphasize the importance of using technology. Recent U.S. statistics indicate that ethnic background and other demographic characteristics still have substantial impact on the availability and use of computers by students outside of the classroom. This paper examines recent census data to determine the impact of the household on student computer use outside of the classroom. Encouragingly, the findings of this study suggest that use of a computer at school substantially increases the chance that a student will use a computer outside of class. Additionally, this study suggests that computer use outside of the classroom is positively and significantly impacted by being in a household with adults who either use a computer at work or work in an industry where computers are extensively used.

Rethinking Racial Justice

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Valls
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Racial Inequality ◽  
Jim Crow ◽  
The United States ◽  
Racial Equality ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
Racial Justice ◽  
Black Institutions ◽  
American Society ◽  
Racial Lines

American society continues to be characterized by deep racial inequality that is a legacy of slavery and Jim Crow. What does justice demand in response? In this book, Andrew Valls argues that justice demands quite a lot—the United States has yet to fully reckon with its racial past, or to confront its ongoing legacies. Valls argues that liberal values and principles have far-reaching implications in the context of the deep injustices along racial lines in American society. In successive chapters, the book takes on such controversial issues as reparations, memorialization, the fate of black institutions and communities, affirmative action, residential segregation, the relation between racial inequality and the criminal justice system, and the intersection of race and public schools. In all of these contexts, Valls argues that liberal values of liberty and equality require profound changes in public policy and institutional arrangements in order to advance the cause of racial equality. Racial inequality will not go away on its own, Valls argues, and past and present injustices create an obligation to address it. But we must rethink some of the fundamental assumptions that shape mainstream approaches to the problem, particularly those that rely on integration as the primary route to racial equality.

Two Theories of Effective Government

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Lindvall
Keyword(s):  
Political Science ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Precise Definition ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter introduces the problem of “reform capacity” (the ability of political decision-makers to adopt and implement policy changes that benefit society as a whole, by adjusting public policies to changing economic, social, and political circumstances). The chapter also reviews the long-standing discussion in political science about the relationship between political institutions and effective government. Furthermore, the chapter explains why the possibility of compensation matters greatly for the politics of reform; provides a precise definition of the concept of reform capacity; describes the book's general approach to this problem; and discusses the ethics of compensating losers from reform; and presents the book's methodological approach.

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