scholarly journals PEMIKIRAN H.O.S TJOKROAMINOTO TENTANG NASIONALISME-ISLAM

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuf Wibisono
Keyword(s):  
Religious Nationalism ◽  
Unitary State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Universal Values ◽  
The Republic

<p align="center"><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>The discourse on secular nationalism versus religious nationalism has colored the history of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia. It is in this difference that ideas of nationalism emerge in the context of Indonesia, one of them is the thinking of H.O.S. Tjokroaminoto about Islamic Nationalism in Indonesian culture. In 1922, H.O.S. Tjokroaminoto revolves around Nationalism based on Islamic teachings, where in Islamic teachings there are three universal values, namely the value of independence, equality and brotherhood.</p><p align="center"><strong> </strong></p><p align="center"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Diskursus tentang nasionalisme-sekuler versus nasionalisme-agama telah mewarnai sejarah perjalanan Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia. Dalam hal perbedaan itulah muncul pemikiran-pemikiran tentang nasionalisme dalam konteks ke-Indonesia, salah satunya adalah pemikiran H.O.S. Tjokroaminoto tentang Nasionalisme-Islam dalam budaya masyarakat Indonesia. Pada tahun 1922, H.O.S. Tjokroaminoto menggulirkan tentang Nasionalisme yang berlandaskan ajaran agama Islam, di mana dalam ajaran Islam ada tiga nilai universal, yaitu nilai kemerdekaan, persamaan dan persaudaraan.</p>

scholarly journals ZAKAT WITHIN THE FRAME OF THE UNITARY STATE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA: ADAPTABILITY OF SHARIA VALUES AND CULTURES

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Usman
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Logical Consequence ◽  
Local Culture ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Multicultural Society ◽  
Social Culture ◽  
Rational Development ◽  
Unitary State ◽  
Universal Values ◽  
The Republic

This paper aims to elaborate the dynamics of Islamic law assimilation with local culture. With the hope that in the future it will form a basic perspective in shaping the philanthropy of contemporary Islamic law based on the reality of Indonesian society. The basic questions which is going to be answered through this paper are, first, the extent of the adaptability of Islamic law in the midst of multicultural society conditions in Indonesia. Second, what are juridical, normative and sociological arguments in placing zakat as a support for the integrity of the Unitary State Republic of Indonesia. Third, How is the Formulation of the Concept of Zakat within the frame of Unitary State Republic of Indonesia? The conclusion from this study shows that, first, the characteristics of Islamic law indicate the ability of adaptability to the culture of the society in which it is accepted. Even in this case Islam has provided important principles regarding rational development in efforts to adapt to its new environment. Second, placing zakat as a support for the integrity of the Unitary State Republic of Indonesia is worth to be formulated. This is a logical consequence of the efforts of the Islamic ummah to always place al-Qur'an and al-Sunnah as limited texts. One of the most fundamental results of Indonesian social culture is the realization of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia. Making the formulation of zakat in the frame of the Unitary State Republic of Indonesia is a clear proof that Islamic law contains universal values that are valid in any time and any place. Third, the methodological formulation of zakat in the frame of Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia is in a dynamic and accommodating ijtihad towards change. This methodological framework is based on al-Mashlahah, ‘Urf, Sad Dzaria'ah and dialectics between Gama and the State.

scholarly journals MENAKAR SEJARAH TAFSIR MAQĀṢIDĪ

QOF ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Zaenal Hamam ◽  
A. Halil Thahir
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Political Support ◽  
Unitary State ◽  
Historical Root ◽  
Deductive Method ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic

This article elaborate the historical root of tafsir maqasidi through these steps:1) describing the four periods of the history of tafsir; 2) deducing points, from each period, which could provide an idea on the history of tafsir maqashidi, either theoretically or practically; 3) and providing examples of tafsir maqashidi. This article is done by documentation, by searching, reading, and reviewing qualitative data to be collected and analyzed by deductive method. The results of the article show: 1) historical roots of tafsir maqa>s{idi> have an intertwined with the history of tafsir in general, namely: marḥalat al-ta'sīs, marḥalat al-ta'ṣīl, marḥalat al-tafrī', and marḥalat al-tajdi>d. 2) among the points that can be explained related to the historical roots of tafsir maqas{idi> that is: a) in the ta'sīs period, there embryo maqāṣid al-shari>’ah. For example, there is a triple divorce in one majlis which is punishable by a single divorce at the time of the Prophet, during the time of Umar ra. punishable by three divorces, with consideration of 'urf, for the benefit; b) in the tafrī' period, born three maqāṣid al-shari>’ah theories. first, al-Tūfī argues that the Shari'ah is none other than mas}lah}ah itself, so if nas} is contrary to mas}lah}ah then take precedence of mas}lah}ah ('alā sabīl al-takhṣīṣ); secondly, al-Gazalī states that "mas}lah}ah" is nothing but the Shari'a itself, so the theory of mas}lah}ah is taken inductively from nas {{; Third, al-Shāṭibī argues that mas}lah}ah and shari'a are one unity, so if nas} that opposed to mas}lah}ah is qot}'i> al-dalālah, then nas {is precedence, and if nas} that opposed to mas}lah}ah is dhanni> al-dalālah, then mas}lah}ah is precedence; c) in the tajdi>d period, classical maqāṣid concepts that are protection and preservation, altered by some contemporary Muslims such as Jasser Auda into a new concept of development and rights. The idea of contemporaryization of this terminology was then rejected by many fuqaha. 3) an example of the application of tafsir maqāṣidi> is the interpretation of the Qur'an surah al-Nu>r verse 2 in the context of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia. In this case there is a ta'āruḍ between nas which enjoins the caning and "mas}lah}ah". The application of the Islamic Criminal law in Indonesia to date has not received sufficient political support, so it will lead to greater mafsadah. Therefore, mas}lah}ah takes precedence and is made as takhṣīṣ above nas}.

scholarly journals PEMIKIRAN ISLAM DALAM PEMBENTUKAN NASIONALISME INDONESIA: SEBUAH ANALISIS SEJARAH HUKUM

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (01) ◽  
pp. 62-79
Author(s):  
Fokky Fuad Wasitaatmadja
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
Legal Method ◽  
Unitary State ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Law ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Islamic Values

ABSTRAK Kajian tentang nilai-nilai islam dan kaitannya dengan pembentukan kesadaran nasionalisme menjadi menarik untuk dikaji karena: peran ulama dan para pejuang muslim tersebut tidak lepas dari semangat untuk keluar dan lepas dari penjajahan. Peran para pejuang Islam baik yang berjuang secara fisik maupun yang berjuang dengan pemikiran melalui pena perlu dikaji untuk mengetahui secara historis peran ulama yang sangat penting dalam pencapaian kemerdekaan dan pembentukan Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah: bagaimanakah gagasan pembentukan kesadaran kebangsaan para tokoh bangsa ditinjau dari sisi sejarah hukum? Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode hukum normatif dengan pendekatan sejarah hukum. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori sejarah hukum yang dikembangkan oleh Karl von Savigny. Kesimpulan penelitian yang diperoleh adalah: pemikiran K. von Savigny yang melihat sebuah perubahan dari bentuk yang primitif menuju sebuah bentuk modern juga terlihat dalam proses pembentukan kesadaran nasionalisme Indonesia. ABSTRACT The study of Islamic values and their relation to the formation of nationalism awareness is interesting to study because: the role of the ulama and Muslim warriors is inseparable from the spirit to get out and escape from colonialism. The role of Islamic fighters, both those who struggle physically and those who struggle with ideas through a pen, needs to be examined to find out historically the role of the ulema which is very important in the achievement of independence and the formation of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia. The formulation of the problem in this study is: how is the idea of forming national awareness among national figures in terms of the history of law? The research method used is a normative legal method with a historical approach to law. The theory used in this study is the theory of legal63 history developed by Karl von Savigny. The conclusions of the research obtained are: K. von Savigny's thought which saw a change from primitive to modern patterns was also seen in the process of shaping Indonesian nationalism awareness.

scholarly journals AMBIVALENSI RADIKALISME AGAMA DALAM PERSPEKTIF MUHAMMADIYAH

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Rohmadi Rohmadi
Keyword(s):  
Early Phase ◽  
Transition To Democracy ◽  
New Order ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Unitary State ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government

There is no sexiest word besides Radicalism. Its existence often makes people stricken with fear. Even those who guessed that the end of radicalism was a brutal act of terrorism. The end of the religion is related. Various types of prevention are carried out by various official governmental and private institutions. The aim is none other than so that the ideas that lead to acts of terror can be stopped. In understanding the meaning of radicalism, many are confused, because if it is traced, the equivalent of the word radicalism is not in accordance with the meaning. Because the meaning of the radik is root / rooted (meaning deep thinking / philosophizing), while people do too much, they may not necessarily think deeply. Meanwhile, the word ism itself which contains the meaning of a notion, should be distinguished by an act that ends brutally. Herein lies the error, the word used to describe this should be extremism. Because there are always people who overdo it.That the symptoms of radicalism among Muslims in the post-New Order era can be seen as an 'act of identity' carried out in order to respond and answer the crisis of identity they experienced in the midst of dramatic and dramatic changes that occurred in Indonesia in the early phase of transition to democracy. not right if always associated with religion. But it does not mean that in religion there is no action, in any religion there are always people who interpret religion in a textual way, raping the scriptures for their interests. So that short-sightedness leads to brutal action / terror. The Muhammadiyah which is the main guardian of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia will also not agree with various kinds of violence, occupation and deviant acts. It's just that Muhammadiyah suggested that the handling that smelled of Islam be carried out with a persuasive approach. Therefore, if the government insists on repressive actions, new terrorists will emerge. The emergence of radicalism cannot be separated from the long history of this nation, herein lies the ambivalent nature that we must seek and solve together, so that such ideas do not reappear.

scholarly journals Community service in order to strengthen the values of Pancasila

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 1361-1370
Author(s):  
Hastangka Hastangka ◽  
K.R.A.P. Eri Ratmanto
Keyword(s):  
Community Service ◽  
The State ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The Public ◽  
Unitary State ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
Service Activity ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Function

Pancasila is the basis of the state and the way of life of the Indonesian people. Pancasila as the basis of life as a nation and state is important to be continuously socialized and introduced to the community because the dynamics and changes of society from time to time affect the perspective and attitude of behavior in the life of the nation and state. After the reformation, Pancasila as the value of life for the nation and state was neglected because of the political situation and conditions of reform that focused on democracy, civil supremacy, and upholding human rights. This reduces the role and function of Pancasila in the life of the nation and society. Starting in 2009, a socialization program for the 4 Pillars of Nationality emerged by the People's Consultative Assembly of the Republic of Indonesia. The program wanted to introduce Pancasila, but the use of the term became a problem because it included Pancasila, the 1945 Constitution, the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia, and Bhinneka Tunggal Ika as pillars. The program created by the MPR RI has evolved into the 4 Pillars of the MPR RI. This community service activity aims to educate and strengthen Pancasila values through correct literacy of the history of Pancasila to the community. Pancasila is the basis of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia, not a pillar. The model of community service activities is carried out by media education and discussions to the community. The forms of activities carried out are parades and discussions with community and community leaders about the importance of Pancasila as the basis of the state and not pillars which will be held in January-March 2021. The results of this service activity show that first, the public in general does not know developments about Pancasila and its dynamics. which exists. Second, after the socialization of Pancasila values as the basis of the state, people began to understand and understand the development and dynamics of Pancasila. Third, the efforts to raise awareness about the correct knowledge of Pancasila are important for the community.

The Legal Status of Local Government in South Africa under the New Constitutional Dispensation

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mbuzeni Mathenjwa
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Case Law ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
First Time

The history of local government in South Africa dates back to a time during the formation of the Union of South Africa in 1910. With regard to the status of local government, the Union of South Africa Act placed local government under the jurisdiction of the provinces. The status of local government was not changed by the formation of the Republic of South Africa in 1961 because local government was placed under the further jurisdiction of the provinces. Local government was enshrined in the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa arguably for the first time in 1993. Under the interim Constitution local government was rendered autonomous and empowered to regulate its affairs. Local government was further enshrined in the final Constitution of 1996, which commenced on 4 February 1997. The Constitution refers to local government together with the national and provincial governments as spheres of government which are distinctive, interdependent and interrelated. This article discusses the autonomy of local government under the 1996 Constitution. This it does by analysing case law on the evolution of the status of local government. The discussion on the powers and functions of local government explains the scheme by which government powers are allocated, where the 1996 Constitution distributes powers to the different spheres of government. Finally, a conclusion is drawn on the legal status of local government within the new constitutional dispensation.

"HISTORY OF THE PROPHETS AND JUDGES" -AN EXAMPLE OF SPIRITUALITY AND ART

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-197
Author(s):  
Sevinch Eshonkulova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Work History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Universal Values ◽  
Good And Evil

This article is dedicated to Alisher Navoi's "History of the Prophet and the Ruler", which depicts the faith, patience and high qualities of the prophets in art. The article analyzes and interprets universal values, issues of faith, issues of good and evil, as well as the narration of the history of the prophets -the continents of the byte, rubai andfour verses at the end of these stories. The work "History of the Prophet and the Ruler" shows that the flower of literature is a masterpiece of spirituality and art

RUSSIAN-BELARUSIAN TUTORIAL "HISTORY OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR. ESSAYS ON THE SHARED HISTORY"

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-88
Author(s):  
Elena A. Kosovan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Joint Work ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Shared History ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
History Of ◽  
Independent States ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Integration Project ◽  
Second World

The paper provides a review on the joint Russian-Belarusian tutorial “History of the Great Patriotic War. Essays on the Shared History” published for the 75th anniversary of the victory in the Great Patriotic War. The tutorial was prepared within the project “Belarus and Russia. Essays on the Shared History”, implemented since 2018 and aimed at publishing a series of tutorials, which authors are major Russian and Belarusian historians, archivists, teachers, and other specialists in human sciences. From the author’s point of view, the joint work of specialists from the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus in such a format not only contributes to the deepening of humanitarian integration within the Union state, but also to the formation of a common educational system on the scale of the Commonwealth of Independent States or the Eurasian integration project (Eurasian Economic Union – EEU). The author emphasises the high research and educational significance of the publication reviewed when noting that the teaching of history in general and the history of the Second World War and the Great Patriotic War in particular in post-Soviet schools and institutes of higher education is complicated by many different issues and challenges (including external ones, which can be regarded as information aggression by various extra-regional actors).

The 13th of December 1981 in the political history of Poland: view through 35 years

2017 ◽  
pp. 369-378
Author(s):  
Vladislav Strutynsky
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Trade Union ◽  
Political Conflict ◽  
Grassroots Organizations ◽  
Martial Law ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Polish Society ◽  
History Of ◽  
National Salvation ◽  
The Republic

By analyzing one of the most eventful periods of the modern history of Poland, the early 80s of the XX century, the author examines the dynamics of social and political conflict on the eve of the introduction of martial law, which determines the location of the leading political forces in these events in Poland, that were grouped around the Polish United Labor Party and the Independent trade union «Solidarity», their governing structures and grassroots organizations, highlighting the development of socio-political situation in the country before entering the martial law on the 13th of December and analyzing the relation of the leading countries to the events, especially the Soviet Union. Also, the author distinguishes causes that prevent to reach the compromise in the process of realization different programs, that were offered to public and designed by PUWP and «Solidarity» and were “aimed” to help Polish society to exit an unprecedented conflict. This article provides a comparative analysis of the different analytical meaningful reasons, offered by historians, political scientists, lawyers, and led to the imposition of martial law in the Republic of Poland. The author also analyses the legality of such actions by the state and some conclusions that were reached by scientists, investigating the internal dynamics of the conflict and the process of implementation of tasks, that Polish United Workers’ Party (which ruled at that time) tried to solve with martial law and «Solidarity» was used as self-determination in Polish society. Keywords: Martial law, Independent trade union «Solidarity», inter-factory strike committee, social-political conflict, Polish United Workers’ Party, the Warsaw Pact, the Military Council of National Salvation

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