scholarly journals I.V. Bertenson – a man who stood at the origin of preventive medicine, health care organizer and public figure (to the 125th anniversary of his death)

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-181
Author(s):  
Irene V. Yegorysheva ◽  
Alexey V. Morozov
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Forensic Medicine ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Close Friend ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Hospital Hygiene ◽  
Public Figure ◽  
Medical Assistants ◽  
Cholera Epidemic ◽  
125Th Anniversary

The article is devoted to I.V. Bertenson, the famous Russian hygienist and public figure, organizer of health care, a staunch follower of N.I. Pirogov. I.V. Bertenson made a significant contribution to the development of hospital hygiene in Russia. He combined the management of the first barrack hospital in Russia with the Petersburg provincial medical inspector’s post. A «School for the education of medical assistants» and a free clinic for visiting patients were also established on his initiative. I.V. Bertenson was one of the founders of the journal «Archive of forensic medicine and public hygiene» and the first editor of the «Bulletin of the Russian Red Cross Society.» In connection with the beginning of the cholera epidemic in the capital in 1866, Bertenson created one of the cholera shelters. A close friend, the first biographer editor of books N.I. Pirogov. Member of the international sanitary congresses and a member of many medical societies.

scholarly journals Organization and activity of medical stations of the Ukrainian Red Cross in the military district of UPA «Zagrava» (the second half of 1943)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (50) ◽  
pp. 86-98
Author(s):  
Andriy Zhyvyuk ◽  
Larysa Aleksiychuk
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Health Care Service ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Nursing Assistants ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Medical Assistants ◽  
Security Service ◽  
The Military

The publication examines the organization and activities of the health-care units of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army – the medical stations of the military district «Zagrava» in the second half of 1943. The publication is archaeographical and includes eight original documents that come from the Branch State Archive of the Security Service of Ukraine in Rivne. On the basis of these documents, namely, the directional instructions of the commanders of the UPA units, the chiefs of the medical service of these units, the commanders of the Ukrainian Red Cross (orders, appeals, regulations, recommendations) and the reports of heads and leaders of medical stations, an analysis of the circumstances of the formation and features of the functioning of medical stations was made. In particular, it was found that medical stations were created in accordance with the orders of the commander of the UPA «Zagrava»; their operational management was carried out by the Chancellery of the head of the military headquarters of the group, and directly managed by the head and senior doctor of the medical station. The staff of the medical stations was formed from mobilized for UPA doctors and medical assistants, and nurses and nursing assistants trained on short-term courses. Medicines for medical stations were supplied by the Ukrainian Red Cross service. Medical stations consisted of hospitals for the wounded and sick, outpatient clinics, first aid stations. Each medical station was guided in its activity by regulamin (schedule) issued by the commander of the Ukrainian Red Cross, was obliged, in addition to providing assistance to the wounded and sick, to report weekly their work, to carry out the procurement of medicinal plants, to adhere to sanitary and epidemiological safety, and so on. Thus, the medical stations played a significant role in preserving the UPA's combat capability, returning to the ranks of wounded and sick soldiers, providing first aid to the civilian population. The experience of their activities may be useful for establishing a health care service in the field for the modern Ukrainian army. Keywords: Ukrainian insurgent army, military district «Zagrava», Ukrainian Red Cross, medical station, Branch State Archive of the Security Service.

scholarly journals (A4) Emergency Health Interventions in Earthquakes: Red Cross Experience from Haiti and Chile, 2010

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S1) ◽  
pp. s2-s2
Author(s):  
P. Saaristo ◽  
T. Aloudat
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Basic Health ◽  
Basic Health Care ◽  
Health Response ◽  
Local Health Care ◽  
Local Health Care System ◽  
Rapid Deployment

On 12 January 2010, the fate of Haiti and its people shifted with the ground beneath them as the strongest earthquake in 200 years, and a series of powerful aftershocks demolished the capital and multiple areas throughout the southern coast in thirty seconds, leaving some 220,000 people dead, and 300,000 persons injured. On 27 February 2010, at 03:35 hours local time, an earthquake of magnitude 8.8 struck Chile. As a consequence, the tsunami generated affected a coastal strip of more than 500 kilometers. Approximately 1.5 million people were affected and thousands lost their homes and livelihoods. The emergency health response of the International Red Cross Movement to both disasters was immediate, powerful and dynamic. The IFRC deployed seven emergency response units (ERU) to Haiti: one 150-bed referral hospital, one Rapid Deployment Emergency Hospital, and five basic health care units. One surgical hospital and two Basic Health Care Units were deployed to Chile. The ERU system of the IFRC is a flexible and dynamic tool for emergency health response in shifting and challenging environments. Evaluations show that the system performs well during urban and rural disasters. Despite a very different baseline in the two contexts, the ERU system of IFRC can adapt to the local needs. As panorama of pathology in the aftermath of an earthquake changes, the ERU system adapts and continues supporting the local health care system in its recovery.

scholarly journals SERVICES AND PRACTICES OF HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS IN A RURAL AREA OF FAISALABAD.

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (03) ◽  
pp. 518-524
Author(s):  
GHULAM SARWAR ◽  
FARIDA MANZUR ◽  
IMTIAZ HAMID
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical Assistants ◽  
The Public ◽  
Union Council ◽  
Proper Training ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Objectives: (1) To determine the mode of services being rendered and practices done by the health care providers of the study area. (2) To identify various socio-demographic factors about the health care providers. A health care provider provides preventive, curative, rehabilitative and spiritual health services to the community. Health care is being provided by not only the registered and qualified doctors, but also by non-qualified non-registered and inexperienced persons in Pakistan. Methodology: A total of 57 health care providers from the union council 42 area in district Faisalabad were included. A pre-tested questionnaire to know about the services and practices of the individuals was served upon them to collect the relevant data. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Union council 42 area in district Faisalabad. Period: 2008. Results: Out of 57, 30 (52.63%) were males and 27 (47.37%) were females. Most of them, 18 (31.6%) were above 49 years of age. 51 (89.47%) were practicing in the private; whereas, only 2(3.51%) in the public sector. Most of the individuals, 21 (36.8%) were LHW and only 2(3.5%) were doctors or medical assistants; 3(5.3%) were dispensers, 9(15.8%) were hakeems and 7 (12.3%) homeopaths. Most of them, 40(70.2%) were matriculates and 14(24.6%) graduates. Only 20 (35.1%) were having certificates and 11(19.3%) were diploma holders. Further, only 2(11.76%) out of 57 were registered with PM&DC and Punjab Medical Faculty. 30 (52.6%) individuals were rendering curative and only 5 (8.8%) preventive services. None of the health care providers was rendering laboratory, x-ray or ultrasound services. Most of the individuals, 36 (63.2%) were practicing allopathy and 7(12.3%) homeopathy way of treatment. Further, most of the professionals, 45 (78.95%) were not doing any surgery. As regards sterilization, the most 8(66.7%) were practicing boiling of instruments. Most of them 47 (82.45%) were giving injections to the patients, however, using disposable syringes, and 27(57.4%) were disposing of the syringes by cutting the needles to dump. 20 (42.55%) were referring their patients to DHQ Hospital and 47 (82.46%) were keeping the record. Conclusions: Qualified medical professionals were scarce in the locality. However, allopathic system of medicine was being widely practiced. Only LHWs were providing curative services with proper training to deliver first aid services.

scholarly journals Outstanding organizer of post-graduate education of physicians, the representative of the Soviet therapeutic elite Roman Albertovich Luria

2020 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 937-943
Author(s):  
V I Borodulin ◽  
M A Podolskaya ◽  
V Ju Al'bickiy ◽  
A V Topolyanskiy
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Graduate Education ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Postgraduate Education ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Soviet System ◽  
Medical Studies ◽  
Prominent Scientist ◽  
History Of

The work aimed to introduce new scientific data and use well-known data about the professor, doctor of medicine, a well-known therapist, director of the Kazan Clinical Institute (Kazan Institute for Advanced Medical Studies) in 19201930 Roman Albertovich Luria. The multifaceted activity of R.A. Luria as a health care organizer, teacher, scientist, practitioner, author of unique monographs on internal medicine is shown. In 19201941, R.A. Luria was a member of the Soviet scientific and medical elite of healthcare organizers and therapists. In the history of domestic medicine R.A. Luria is the organizer of the Soviet system of postgraduate education of doctors, a prominent scientist who made a significant contribution to the development of the national clinic of internal diseases in the first half of the twentieth century, and the pride of Kazan medicine, who remained in the memory of Kazan citizens as a doctor capable of creating a miracle.

scholarly journals Foundations of the aspect of health care and two hundred years since the birth of Florence Nightingale 1820-1910

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
Damir Peličić
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Nursing Profession ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
International Council ◽  
Florence Nightingale ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century

Nursery has existed throughout history and it dates back to the very beginning of humankind. It was mentioned in church books and other written texts but not as a skill or science, but as an occupation reserved for the members of monastic orders, and also for women, that is, mothers, and nuns. First, nursing was an occupation, then a skill, but at the end of the 20th century, it became a scientific discipline. Florence Nightingale is certainly one of the most significant women in the history of nursing, medicine, and society in general because she is the pioneer of the nursing profession that has continuity up to nowadays. She was born on May 12, 1820, in Florence, Italy and died on August 13, 1910, in London. Florence Nightingale worked as a nurse, organizer, researcher, statistician, reformer, writer and a teacher. She reformed nursery and public health. In 1860, she established the school for nurses within St. Thomas' Hospital and she took care of every protégé. In spite of all obstacles, which she was faced with, and the unenviable position of women in the 19th century, she made a huge move that changed the context of this profession forever. She had a huge influence on the Swiss philanthropist Henry Dunant (1828-1910), who was the founder of the Red Cross. In 1867, the International Council of Nurses proclaimed that her birthday would be the International Nurses Day. She was the first woman who was awarded the Medal of virtues. In 1908, she was conferred the Order of Merit by King Edward. She wrote more than 200 books and the Pledge.

Examining the Knowledge, Awareness, and Perceptions of Palliative Care in the General Public Over Time: A Scoping Literature Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 481-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priya Patel ◽  
Laura Lyons
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
General Public ◽  
The United States ◽  
Close Friend ◽  
Poor Knowledge ◽  
The Public ◽  
Scoping Literature Review ◽  
Over Time

Background: The field of palliative care (PC) is growing as the world population ages and burden of chronic diseases increases. Thus, it is important that the general public is knowledgeable about PC and the benefits PC provides. Objective: The aim of this study is to describe the public’s knowledge, awareness, and perceptions of PC and determine whether these have changed over time. Methods: A scoping literature review was conducted from 1968 to May 2019 using PubMed, EMBASE, and MEDLINE databases. Results: Thirteen studies met inclusion criteria that originated from the United States, Canada, Scotland, Italy, New Zealand, Ireland, United Kingdom, Korea, and Sweden between years 2003 and 2019. Participants were adults and mostly younger than 64 years, women, and Caucasian. The majority of studies reported the public having poor knowledge (7/9 articles) and awareness (4/6 articles) of PC over the past 16 years. Top characteristics associated with increased levels of knowledge and/or awareness of PC included women (6/8 articles), age 40+ (6/8 articles), experience with a close friend and/or relative requiring PC (4/8 articles), and working in health-care and/or PC (4/8 articles). The most common perceptions of PC were associated with patients who have terminal illnesses and end-of-life care. Participants commonly received information about PC from the media, having a close friend or relative requiring PC, and working in a health-care setting. Conclusions: The public has poor knowledge and awareness about PC and several misperceptions exist. These findings have remained constant over time despite growth in the field of PC, which highlights the strong need for focused educational interventions.

An Exercise in the Development of International Law: The New ICRC Study on Customary International Humanitarian Law

2005 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 1217-1242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm MacLaren ◽  
Felix Schwendimann
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
International Conference ◽  
High Level

On 17 March 2005, the President of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), Jakob Kellenberger, presented a study (hereinafter “the Study”) of customary international humanitarian law (IHL). A decade earlier, the International Conference of the Red Cross and Red Crescent had mandated the ICRC to “prepare […] a report on customary rules of IHL applicable in international [IAC] and non-international armed conflicts [NIAC], and to circulate the report to States and competent international bodies.” The Study's objective was to capture a “photograph” of the existing, hitherto unwritten rules that make up customary IHL. Comprehensive, high-level research into customary IHL followed; the end result of which is undeniably a remarkable feat and a significant contribution to scholarship and debate in this area of international law.

Russian Edition of the International Review of the Red Cross

1995 ◽  
Vol 35 (306) ◽  
pp. 327-328
Keyword(s):  
Red Cross ◽  
International Review ◽  
Official Publication ◽  
Executive Board ◽  
Russian Edition ◽  
125Th Anniversary

On the 125th anniversary of the International Review of the Red Cross, the ICRC again reaffirms the principles of permanence, receptiveness and dissemination which it set several years ago for its official publication at the service of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement.At its meeting of 4 May 1995, the ICRC Executive Board decided that the Review should also be published in Russian.

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