scholarly journals A Review on the Antidiabetic Potential of Medicinal Plants

2021 ◽  
pp. 172-189
Author(s):  
Razan Bushnak ◽  
Mohamad El Hajj ◽  
Ali Jaber
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
World Health ◽  
Chronic Complications ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Sugar Regulation ◽  
Alternate Source ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Substantial Economic Burden

Diabetes mellitus has long been seen as a substantial economic burden on patients, their families, and society. Impairment in blood sugar regulation has major health repercussions. Furthermore, untreated diabetes causes major chronic complications like blindness, renal failure, and heart failure, as well as an increase in associated mortality. New anti-diabetic medicines are being researched to help alleviate this issue. Conventional Anti-diabetic medications are beneficial, several synthetic drugs are available in the market to treat diabetes, but they are costly and come with inevitable adverse effects. Medicinal plants, on the other hand, may serve as an alternate source of anti-diabetic agents. According to the World Health Organization, 80 % of the population in underdeveloped nations still relies on traditional medicines or folk medicines, which are largely made from plants, for disease prevention or treatment. For instance, anti- proliferative, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory and anti-hyperglycemic effects. In order to find a natural anti-diabetic source that comes with less side effects, several studies have been conducted. The aim of this work is to review these studies and highlight the potential of plants when it comes to their anti-diabetic effect.

scholarly journals An Overview on Ethnopharmacology of Different Medicinal Plants of Odisha State of India in the Management of Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 2589-2598
Author(s):  
Deepankar Rath ◽  
Gurudutta Pattnaik ◽  
Biswakanth Kar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
World Health ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Health Organization

Diabetes mellitus, commonly known as diabetes, is a group of metabolic disorder associated with elevated blood glucose level. World health organization recommended the traditional and herbal remedies for the diabetic management. The application of herbal remedies is extremely increased worldwide in the last three decades. Most of the synthetic drugs were discovered from the plant source out of different regions of the world to meet the demand. Several medicinal plants like Gymnema sylvestre, Pterocarpus marsupium, Catharanthus roseus, Trigonella foenum, Annona squamosa, Aegle marmelos, Withania somnifera, Boerhavia diffusa, Boerhavia erecta, Momordica charantia, Cocos nucifera, Ricinus communis, Azadira chtaindica and Aloe vera have been reported to have varying level of hypoglycemic property. One of the factors involved in the evolution of diabetic convolutions is the impairment due to free radicals and hence a compound with antioxidant and antidiabetic potential would be more effective. The present review article was designed to provide an absolute data on these medicinal plant based remedies by using the traditional healers of Odisha state, India.

scholarly journals ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL REVIEW OF NATURAL PRODUCTS IN CANCER PREVENTION AND THERAPY

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeenat Ayoub ◽  
Archana Mehta ◽  
Siddhartha Kumar Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
World Health ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Anticancer Properties ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Pharmaceutical Agents

The World Health Organization reports that approximately 80% population from developing countries are facing complications from synthetic drugs used in maintaining their primary health-care needs. The chemotherapeutic strategies are very striking and have earned serious concern as potential means of controlling the incidence of this dreadful disease. However, the major problem in cancer is the long lasting toxicity of the well reputable chemical drugs. Since ancient times, medicinal plants have attracted enormous attention, to fight against various diseases with their broad-spectrum biological and therapeutic properties. Although plants, phytochemicals and their analogues have been confirmed to be safe and effective, having strong anticancer properties. A number of pharmaceutical agents with diverse chemical structures of natural origin from plants have been discovered as anticancer agents such as vincristine, vinblastine, podophyllotoxin, camptothecin, taxol, resveratrol, withaferin A, quercetin, and curcumin. Further modifications of these phytochemicals led to the development of numerous outstanding molecules such as drugs like topotecan, irinotecan, taxotere, etoposide, and teniposide. In this in-depth review, we meticulously investigated the selected medicinal plants for their anticancer properties. In particular, novel compounds from plants have beneficial effects on human health. Our observations suggest the preventive and therapeutic use of phytochemicals in managing various human malignancies.

Natural products from the traditional Moroccan pharmacopoeia: A potential lead for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1278-1285
Author(s):  
Mohamed Yafout ◽  
Amine Ousaid ◽  
Ibrahim Sbai El Otmani ◽  
Youssef Khayati ◽  
Amal Ait Haj Said
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Promising Source

The new SARS-CoV-2 belonging to the coronaviruses family has caused a pandemic affecting millions of people around the world. This pandemic has been declared by the World Health Organization as an international public health emergency. Although several clinical trials involving a large number of drugs are currently underway, no treatment protocol for COVID-19 has been officially approved so far. Here we demonstrate through a search in the scientific literature that the traditional Moroccan pharmacopoeia, which includes more than 500 medicinal plants, is a fascinating and promising source for the research of natural molecules active against SARS-CoV-2. Multiple in-silico and in-vitro studies showed that some of the medicinal plants used by Moroccans for centuries possess inhibitory activity against SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2. These inhibitory activities are achieved through the different molecular mechanisms of virus penetration and replication, or indirectly through stimulation of immunity. Thus, the potential of plants, plant extracts and molecules derived from plants that are traditionally used in Morocco and have activity against SARS-CoV-2, could be explored in the search for a preventive or curative treatment against COVID-19. Furthermore, safe plants or plant extracts that are proven to stimulate immunity could be officially recommended by governments as nutritional supplements.

Medicinal Chemistry of Alternative Therapeutics: Novelty and Hopes with Genus Ammannia

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 784-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harish C. Upadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
World Health ◽  
Biologically Relevant ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Drug Molecules ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Pharmacologically Active ◽  
Herbal Formulations

The plants have formed the basis of folklore remedy since the beginning of human civilization. The cumulative human endeavor and experience over a period of thousands of years developed into well to organize traditional medicine systems viz. Ayurvedic, Unani, Chinese amongst others. Across the world, traditional medicine is either the mainstay of health care or serves as a complement to modern drugs. In view of worldwide use of traditional medicines, World Health Organization launched ‘WHO-Traditional Medicine Strategy 2014-2023’ for the development of strong policies regarding knowledge-base, safety, quality-control and effectiveness of traditional/alternative therapeutics for national health systems. Besides their use in traditional medicine, plants have always been a good source of modern drug/pharmacologically active molecules. More than half of the modern pharmaceuticals are either plant isolates or their derivatives. The plant-based drugs are not only effective, but have better compatibility with human biological systems because of more biologically relevant chemistry, hence lesser side effects. Some of the species of genus Ammannia (Lythraceae) have been reported for their magical medicinal values. Many herbal formulations containing Ammannia spp. have been patented for treatment of serious diseases/disorders like cancer, spinal disease, human female infertility, chronic tonsillitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, treatment of bladder stones, urinary tract infections, dermatitis etc. The uses of Ammannia spp. in traditional medicine have been further verified by the biological activities of their extracts as well as isolation of bioactive phytomolecules. The current review provides details about Ammannia spp.; its use in folklore remedy, herbal formulations, biological activities of extracts, isolation of bioactive phytomolecules and SAR study of semi-synthetic derivatives to analyze the possibility of new drug molecules of plant origin.

scholarly journals Assessment of Antimalarial Activity againstPlasmodium falciparumand Phytochemical Screening of Some Yemeni Medicinal Plants

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed A. Alshawsh ◽  
Ramzi A. Mothana ◽  
Hassan A. Al-shamahy ◽  
Salah F. Alsllami ◽  
Ulrike Lindequist
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Antiplasmodial Activity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Cissus Rotundifolia ◽  
Health Organization

Developing countries, where malaria is one of the most prevalent diseases, still rely on traditional medicine as a source for the treatment of this disease. In the present study, six selected plants (Acalypha fruticosa,Azadirachta indica,Cissus rotundifolia,Echium rauwalfii,Dendrosicyos socotranaandBoswellia elongata) commonly used in Yemen by traditional healers for the treatment of malaria as well as other diseases, were collected from different localities of Yemen, dried and extracted with methanol and water successfully. The antiplasmodial activity of the extracts was evaluated against fresh clinical isolates ofPlasmodium falciparum. The selectivity parameters to evaluate the efficacy of these medicinal plants were measured byin vitromicro test (Mark III) according to World Health Organization (WHO) 1996 & WHO 2001 protocols of antimalarial drug tests. Among the investigated 12 extracts, three were found to have significant antiplasmodial activity with IC50values less than 4 µg/ml, namely the water extracts ofA. fruticosa,A. indicaandD. socotrana. Six extracts showed moderate activity with IC50values ranging from 10 to 30 µg/ml and three appeared to be inactive with IC50values more than 30 µg/ml. In addition, preliminary phytochemical screening of the methanolic and aqueous extracts indicated the presence of saponins, tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, polysaccharides and peptides.

Indian medicinal plants with antidiabetic potential: An overview

2021 ◽  
pp. 2328-2335
Author(s):  
Monika Sahu ◽  
Vinod Kumar ◽  
Veenu Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
The Body ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Comprehensive Information ◽  
Chronic Disorders ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Indian Medicinal Plants

Diabetes Mellitus is the most prevalent metabolic disorder which has made it a major health threat worldwide. The available synthetic drugs for the cure of Diabetes mellitus are associated with high cost, various side effects and several limitations. Medicinal plants are the rich depots of the phytochemicals which can be useful for the treatment of chronic disorders. These plants are the better alternative to chemical drugs causing less or no harm to the body. Several plants are traditionally known for their antidiabetic properties but the detail investigation of their active molecules is required in order to be developed as therapeutic drug. Therefore, the present review aims to provide comprehensive information on various Indian medicinal plants, their constituents and mechanism of action for the cure of diabetes mellitus.

Phytoconstituents in the Management of Covid-19: Demystifying the Fact

Drug Research ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Abul Barkat ◽  
Pawan Kaushik ◽  
Harshita Abul Barkat ◽  
Mohammad Idreesh Khan ◽  
Hazrina Ab Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Clinical Development ◽  
World Health ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Scientific Communities ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Deadly Disease ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

AbstractThe 2019-nCoV (COVID-19; novel coronavirus disease-2019) outbreak is caused by the coronavirus, and its continued spread is responsible for increasing deaths, social and economic burden. COVID-19 created a chaotic situation worldwide and claimed the lives of over 5,027,183 and 248,467,363 confirmed cases have been reported so far as per the data published by WHO (World Health Organization) till 5th November 2021. Scientific communities all over the world are toiling to find a suitable therapeutic drug for this deadly disease. Although till date no promising drug has been discovered for this COVID-19. However, as per the WHO, over 102 COVID-19 vaccines are in clinical development and 185 in pre-clinical development. Naturally occurring phytoconstituents possess considerable chemical richness in the form of anti-viral and anti-parasitic potential and have been extensively exploited for the same globally. Still, phytomedicine-based therapies are considered as the best available treatment option to minimize and treat the symptoms of COVID-19 because of the least possible side effects compared to synthetic drugs recommended by the physicians/clinicians. In this review, the use of plant chemicals as a possible therapeutic agent for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV2) is highlighted with their proposed mechanism of action, which will prove fruitful and effective in finding a cure for this deadly disease.

scholarly journals Strengths and weaknesses of the Brazilian regulation on biosimilars: A critical view of the regulatory requirements for biosimilars in Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 253-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Renato de Assis ◽  
Valdair Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Expression System ◽  
World Health ◽  
Regulatory Requirements ◽  
Biological Products ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Comparability Exercise ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Health Organization

Biological products or biopharmaceuticals are medicinal products derived from living systems and manufactured by modern biotechnological methods that differ widely from the traditional synthetic drugs. Monoclonal antibodies are the most rapidly growing type of biologic. They are much larger and more complex molecules with inherent diversity; therefore, different manufacturers cannot produce identical biological products, even with the same type of host expression system and equivalent technologies. Thus, legal follow-on biologics manufactured and marketed after patent expiration are usually referred to as biosimilars. Biosimilarity is based on a comparability exercise whereby unavoidable clinical differences are evaluated and must meet equivalence or non-inferiority criteria. Biosimilars need to comply with different regulatory requirements for market authorization in different sites. There are several other related issues that need to be defined by the national authorities, such as interchangeability, labeling and prescribing information. The Brazilian health surveillance agency follows the key principles established by the World Health Organization for the assessment of biosimilarity, although does not adopt the name ‘biosimilar’. However, the agency also made a compromise on a standalone application pathway that does not require the usual comparability exercise with the reference product, originating nonbiosimilar copies. Interchangeability and the use of nonproprietary names are not regulated, giving rise to pressures on physicians and conflicts of interest in the decision making on biosimilar use. The scope of this article is to present the Brazilian regulation on biosimilars, its strengths and weaknesses, and to discuss it in the face of regulations in the USA and Europe.

Bioactive Natural Medicinal Plants in South Indian Western Ghats and Their Pharmacological Importance

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-69
Author(s):  
M. Tamizharasi ◽  
R. Rajila ◽  
D. Beula Shiny ◽  
J. Vijila Jasmin ◽  
T. Kumaran
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
World Health ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Medical Products ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
South Indian ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Awareness of traditional knowledge and medicinal plants can play a key role in the utilization and discovery of natural plant resources. Plants became the basis of medicine system throughout the world for thousands of years and continue to provide mankind with new remedies. Researchers generally agree that natural products from plants and other organisms have been the most consistently successful source for ideas for new drugs. The world health organization estimates that 80% of the population living in the developing countries relies exclusively on traditional medicine for their primary health care. More than half of the world's population still relies entirely on plants for medicines, and plants supply the active ingredients of most traditional medical products. The review shows the south Indian medicinal plant products has been used by people to treat various health ailments.

Useful links

2019 ◽  
pp. 147-150
Author(s):  
Navneet Kapur ◽  
Robert Goldney
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Social Care ◽  
International Association ◽  
World Health ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
International Academy

With the increasing recognition of suicide as a major health and social care issue, many suicide prevention organisations have been established locally, nationally and internationally. This chapter includes a number of links to the most prominent of these, but the list is indicative rather than exhaustive. These include the International Association for Suicide Prevention, the International Academy of Suicide Research, the Samaritans, the World Health Organization, and national suicide prevention organizations from across the world.

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