TOXICITY EFFECT OF RADIOGRAPHIC DEVELOPER EFFLUENT ON GIANT AFRICAN SNAIL (Achatina fulica)

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
John Ama
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Exposure Time ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Achatina Fulica ◽  
Forest Zone ◽  
Percentage Mortality ◽  
Range Finding ◽  
Toxicity Effect ◽  
Sewer Systems ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: The decline in the population of snails, a source of protein of people living in the high forest zone due to environmental pollution and the hazard caused by the disposal of radiographic developer effluent into streams, bushes or forests and public sewer systems makes the assessment of the effect on giant African snails (Achatina fulica) from environmental pollution due to radiographic developer effluent very important. Materials and Methods: Ninety 5 months old, 12 months old and 24 months old giant African snails were randomly divided into 6 groups of 15 snails for each age group based on the dose of developer effluent to be administered. One group from each age group was designated the control and the remaining, the experimental group. Range finding test was performed at effluent concentrations of 100 %, 50 %, 25 %, 12.5 %, 6.25 %, 3.125 %, 1.6 % and 0 % (control) in 150 ml of distilled water. The effluent solution was administered on the feed and soil of the experimental snails only. Results: Behavioural changes occurred between 0.2 – 1.0 % concentration and mortality at 24 – 96 hours exposure to the effluent solutions. The percentage (%) mortality of the giant African snails increased as the effluent concentration increased from 0.2 - 1.0 % and at an increased exposure time of 24 – 96 hours. The estimated 96 hours LD for the 5, 12 and 24 months old giant African snails were 0.20 - 0.23, 0.23 - 0.25 and 0.30 - 0.26 respectively. Conclusion: Radiographic developer effluent is harmful to the giant African snails, with the % mortality increasing with an increase in concentration and exposure time to the developer effluent. Legislation is recommended to ensure the safe disposal of radiographic developer effluents into the Nigerian environment considering the importance of giant African snails (Achatina fulica) to the ecosystem and the economy.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of a Computer Program Based on Photoshop in Design and Decoration and Its Impact on Emotional Intelligence Among Children Aged (11-17 Years) At Jazan Region, Kingdom Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
pp. 670-690
Author(s):  
Mahasin Gad Alla Mohamed ◽  
Khalida Mohammed Mahmoud ◽  
Abeer Amir Bashir
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Average Performance ◽  
Stratification Method ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Experimental Group

The aim of the research was to investigate the effectiveness of a computer based on photoshop in design and decoration and its impact on emotional intelligence among children in the age group (11-17 years). To achieve the research objectives, the researchers chose the quasi-experimental design with equal groups, the control group and the experimental group. The sample size was (44) students, (14) males and (30) females, who were chosen by random stratification method from the middle and high school levels in Jazan region in the age group (11-17). They were distributed into two equal groups (22) students for each of the control and experimental group. The researchers used the Bar-On scale for emotional intelligence in addition to the training program. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) program was used for analyzing data. The two-tailed T-Test was chosen to detect the differences between the binary groups and the univariate analysis. Variation: to detect differences between the interaction groups and the post-LSD test to determine the direction of the differences between groups of variable interaction (group x application). The research reached the following results: there are statistically significant differences in the average scores of children of age (11-17 years) on the emotional intelligence scale pre and post the application of the program, and there are statistically significant differences in the average performance of the experimental group on the emotional intelligence scale due to gender, and there are significant differences statistical differences in the average performance of the experimental group on the emotional intelligence scale due to age, and there are statistically significant differences in the average scores of 11-17 year old children on the emotional intelligence scale between the groups of variables of program application and type of education.

scholarly journals ФІЗІОЛОГІЧНІ ПОКАЗНИКИ КУРЧАТ-БРОЙЛЕРІВ ПІСЛЯ ВНУТРІШНЬОГО ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ МІНЕРАЛЬНОГО КОМПЛЕКСУ MG++ В УМОВАХ ГОСПОДАРСТВА

2017 ◽  
pp. 92-95
Author(s):  
В. П. Бердник ◽  
О. О. Бублик ◽  
Т. М. Марченко ◽  
В. І. Щербак ◽  
О. Г. Трирог
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
The Body ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Live Body Weight ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Experimental Group

Наведені результати випробування на 537 курчатах-бройлерах (635 контрольних) в умовах господарства препарату, виготовленого на основі розчину  полтавського бішофіту. У  курчат, яким давали препарат внутрішньо з водою,  порівняно з контролем, була більшою середня жива масса тіла у  43-добовому віці на 50 г, 73-добовому  – на 128 г і 111-добовому – на  103 г. До 43-добового віку загинуло із розрахунку від  початкової загальної кількості 16 (2,9 %) курчат-бройлерів  у дослідній групі і 30 (4,72 %) у контрольній. На контрольних  курчатах-бройлерах, порівняно із дослідними, мали економію на препараті, який не застосовували, і меншій кількості  використаних  кормів, але одержано значно більше збитків   через нижчі прирости живої маси тіла та більшу кількість загиблих. Економічна  вигода  від застосування препарату лише  до 43-добового віку курчат становить 5,8 гривень на  вкладену 1 гривню. Given results of test on 537 chickens-broilers (635 of control) in terms of economy drug produced on the basis of the solution of Poltava bishofit (SPB). Drug was given chickens-broilers of 5-day age group method internally with water in 3 cycles of 24-hour intervals over 7 times in each cycle and 7-day interval between cycles. The chicks, which were given the drug, compared with the control, had a greater average live weight of the body in 43-day age of 50 g, 73-day – 128 g and 111-day – 103 g it shows its positive effect on organisms of chicks up to 2,5 months (time of observations) after the last application in 38-th days of their lives. The drugs based on the SPB will have greater efficiency in the application of the repair chicks and adult hens, i.e. those who live more than 2,5 months. The 43-day age 16 broiler died of the calculation of the initial total number (2,9 %) in experimental group and 30 (4,72 %) in the control. On control broilers, compared with research, savings on the drug, which is not used, and smaller amounts of used feed, but we received much more losses due to lower increases in live body weight and more fatalities. The total value of the economic benefits of the drug only to 43-day age of chicks is 5,8 UAH on each invested 1 UAH.

Note on Delayed Auditory Feedback, Exposure Time and Retention

1965 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 497-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. King
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Time ◽  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Exposure Duration ◽  
Reading Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Learning Material ◽  
Delayed Auditory Feedback ◽  
Immediate Recall ◽  
Meaningful Material ◽  
Experimental Group

Two groups of Ss, matched on reading rate, were exposed to the learning material for the same length of time. The experimental group practiced under conditions of delayed auditory feedback, the control group did not. The immediate retention of learned material was significantly poorer in the experimental group. The inhibition of immediate recall of connected meaningful material by delayed auditory feedback cannot be accounted for as a function of the decreased reading rate and resultant greater exposure duration to the learning material.

scholarly journals Effect of Games Including Physical Activity on Digital Game Addiction of 11-14 Age Group Middle-School Students

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zekihan Hazar ◽  
Muhsin Hazar
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Digital Game ◽  
School Students ◽  
Game Addiction ◽  
Post Test ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

In this study, it was investigated that effect of games including physical activity on digital game addiction of 11-14 age group middle-school students. Along with the determination of digital game addiction, conducting applied experimental study is important regarding showing results of application with theoretical knowledge towards solving problem. Within this framework, it was thought that “games including physical activity” will be important tool for decreasing the level of digital game addiction. Experimental Design method was used in the study in which was adopted Quantitative Research model. When 11-14 age group students who addicted digital games consisted of the population of the study, the sample of the study consisted of 29 girls and 51 boys who have studied. In the study, personal information form and digital game addiction scale that was developed by the researcher were used as measurement tools. During data collection period, by accepting applied pre-test to students as criterion sample process, students who have high addiction level (total scale score is 49 and above) were detected and control (n = 40) and experimental (n = 40) groups were created with unbiased assignment method. After the 12-weeks period “games including physical activity” training, the data which was collected from the control and experimental groups by taking post-test data was evaluated with SPSS 20 packaged software. It was found that there was a significant difference between pre-test and post-test of both sub-dimensions and total addiction scores and post-test scores were lower than pre-test scores. It was shown that post-test addiction scores were significantly higher than pre-test addiction scores in control group. When investigating post-test addiction scores of control and experiment groups, it was shown that addiction level of experimental group significantly decrease comparing control group. It was determined that pre-test/post-test scores of experimental group students did not show significant differences in terms of gender, age, education level of mothers, education level of fathers, number of siblings. It was also found that pre-test/post-test addiction scores of experimental and control groups showed significant differences regarding playing digital game duration. When playing digital game duration decreased in experimental group, playing game duration increased in control group. Therefore, it was concluded that addiction levels of students who are digital game addict decreased because of interesting games including physical activity. As a result; physical moving games and sports can be said to be an important tool in dealing with digital game addiction. It can also be said that an important way to protect children from such addictions is to do sports.

scholarly journals “STUDY THE EFFICACY OF BALA SIDHAKSHEERA NADI SWEDAN IN VATAJA KASA.”

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Uttam Wankhede
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Trial Drug ◽  
Experimental Group

Vataja kasa is one among such disease which troubles the person by hindering the day today activities due to identical nidana, lakshana & upashaya. Vataj kasa a very common disease especially among geriatric age group, often diagnosis is vague and treatment is half left. In the present study experimental group was subjected to Balasidhaksheer Nadi Sweden along with shaman chikitsa as per Charak chikitsa sthan. While control group was given only Shaman Chikitsa viz. Sitopaladi churna, Kantakari ghritta & Duralabhadi yoga.Observations and results obtained after trial was presented & statistical analysis done after completion of the therapy. It was seen that in the symptom Shuska Kasa (Dry Cough), Shool in ura, Parshwashool, Swarbheda, Daurbalya trial drug has found effective as it seems statistically extremely significant.After comparison of both groups there was significant result was noted in experimental group comparatively control group as p value is significant in all subjective criteria of Vataj kasa. In the present study along with above treatment Balasidhasheera Nadiswedan has been observed very effective and giving satisfactory relief in the symptoms of Vataja Kasa.

scholarly journals Impact of glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels on outcomes in patients with myocardial infarction

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Prabhat Pandey ◽  
Neeraj Dokania ◽  
Pooja Pandey ◽  
Ajay Singh Raghuwanshi
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Percentage Mortality ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Background: People with diabetes have an increased prevalence of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease (CHD) and experience higher morbidity and mortality after acute coronary syndrome and myocardial infarction than people without diabetes. Diabetes also appears to be a major cause of the higher rate of both short and long-term mortality observed in women hospitalized with acute MI compared to men. Objective of the study was to observe the impact of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels on outcomes in MI.Methods: The prospective observational study was conducted on 200 patients from the age group more than 36 years and lesser than 95 years presented with acute myocardial infarction (STEMI or NSTEMI). Patients were divided into group A (Diabetics) and group B (non-diabetics). Investigations performed were FBS, RBS, HbA1c, CBC, LFT, RFT, lipid profile, ECG and echocardiography. Patients were followed up till discharge/death and all complications like arrhythmias, cardiac failure, cardiogenic shock and re infarction were noted.Results: Majority of the 34.5% patients belongs to the age group of 56-65 years. No significant difference found between the subject population of the diabetic and non-diabetic group. The percentage of mortality in male patients was reported higher in the group having HbAlc level ≥7 (21.15%) in comparison to a group having HbAlc level <7 (6.15%) whereas in females the percentage of mortality was 11.63% in the group having HbAlc ≥7 , higher than the group having HbAlc level <7, 2.5%. Percentage mortality was higher in the patients having HbAlc >7, in both groups’ patients aged below 60 years 14.81% and 17.65% in the group of patients aged above 60 years.Conclusions: Higher HbAlc level significantly affects the outcome of MI patients. The percentage mortality due to MI was higher in male with aged above 60 years and having HbAlc level >7.

scholarly journals SCAMPER: IMPROVING CREATIVE IMAGINATION OF YOUNG CHILDREN

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aysun Gündoğan
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Education Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Creative Imagination ◽  
Southwestern Part ◽  
Experimental Group

Young children are accepted to have creativity abilities. Creativity is a feature that needs to be improved. Many techniques are used to improve creativity. SCAMPER (substitute, combine, adjust, modify/magnify/minify, put to other uses, eliminate, reverse/rearrange) is one of the techniques used to improve creativity. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of SCAMPER in improving creative imagination of 5-year-old children attending kindergarten. For this purpose, 49 children from the age group of 5 year attending a kindergarten in the Southwestern part of Turkey participated in the study. There were an experimental group and a control group in the study. SCAMPER technique was applied to the children in the experimental group. The control group continued to the normal education program. The data were collected by using Test of Creative Imagination (Child Form), which was developed by Aysun Gündoğan in 2019. At the end of the study, it was found that creative imagination levels of the children in the experimental group receiving education with SCAMPER technique increased. Differences among children receiving SCAMPER education were found in the fluency sub-dimension of creativity. The SCAMPER technique was effective in improving the creative imagination. Therefore, techniques and activities that enable the development of creative imagination should be applied to individuals from an early age.

Effect of Bundling and High Environmental Temperature on Neonatal Body Temperature

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-240
Author(s):  
Tina L. Cheng ◽  
J. Colin Partridge
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Linear Rate ◽  
Term Newborns ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Experimental Group

Objective. The effect of bundling and ambient heat on newborn body temperature has not been systematically studied. It was hypothesized that bundling and warm environments can elevate the newborn's temperatures to the range that would prompt clinical concern of neonatal sepsis. Methods. Twenty well, term newborns more than 1 day old were assigned to the control group (one blanket; 24.0°C room) or the experimental group (five blankets and hat; 26.6°C room). Continuous rectal probe temperatures were monitored over a 2½hour period. Results. There were 8 control and 12 experimental newborns. The mean change in rectal temperature after 2½ hours was -0.04°C (SD ± 0.23) in control newborns and + 0.56°C (SD ± 0.12) in the treatment group (P &lt; .0001, t test). Temperatures in the treatment group rose, after an initial half-hour lag, at a linear rate of 0.27°C per hour without a plateau. Two newborns reached 38.0°C, a rectal temperature that may raise concern of infection. Conclusions. Bundling and warm environments can elevate newborn body temperature to the "febrile" range in this age group. Physicians treating neonates with elevated temperature should ask about bundling and environmental conditions to differentiate endogenous from exogenous "fevers."

Effects of nitrite concentration and exposure time on sulfide and methane production in sewer systems

2010 ◽  
Vol 44 (14) ◽  
pp. 4241-4251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangming Jiang ◽  
Oriol Gutierrez ◽  
Keshab Raj Sharma ◽  
Zhiguo Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Time ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Nitrite Concentration ◽  
Sewer Systems

scholarly journals Effect of Meditation on Stress Management of IBS Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renu Tomer ◽  
Dr. Mridula Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Stress Management ◽  
T Test ◽  
Spiritual Experience ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Positive Direction ◽  
Meditation Technique ◽  
Inner Self ◽  
Experimental Group

Meditation is an intensely personal and spiritual experience. The purpose of meditation technique is to channel awareness in positive direction by concentrating on inner self. A study was carried out to study the effect of meditation on stress management of IBS patients. Stress management scale constructed by Singh and Srivastava was administrated to patients consisted of 80 IBS patients of between  age group of 20-40 years,2 groups were taken one –who meditated (experimental group )  and one who did not meditate (controlled group ). For analysis of data t-test is run. Result showed that patients showed better stress management in the group of patients who meditated in comparison to controlled group who did not meditate.

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