scholarly journals Grouping of breeding rabbit does at different time points: effects on fertility, mortality and weight

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Michèle Braconnier ◽  
Chiara Munari ◽  
Yamenah Gómez ◽  
Sabine Gebhardt-Henrich
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Housing System ◽  
Seasonal Effects ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Group Housing ◽  
Semi Group ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Time Point

<p>Semi-group housing in breeding does has been shown to reduce production and breeding success in comparison to single-housed animals. One reason for this reduction could be stress and aggression when grouping does only 2 d after artificial insemination. The aim of this study was to test different time points of grouping on fertility of does, body weight of both kits and does, and mortality rates. Hence, does were separated and housed individually one day before giving birth to their kits. The does were then artificially inseminated on day 10 postpartum (dpp) and regrouped according to the treatment (time point) on 12 (TG12), 18 (TG18), or 22 (TG22) dpp, respectively. In total, five trials with three groups pertaining to the three treatments (eight does per treatment group) were conducted. Non-pregnant does were replaced with pregnant does before each new trial (57 different does needed). Data were analysed with (generalised) linear mixed effect models and survival analysis. There were no significant differences in fertility, body weight<br />or mortality of does among the treatments. The average fertility rate (number of kindling events/number of artificial inseminations×100) was low (40.92%) and seasonal effects may have partially masked treatment effects, as most trials took place during winter. Likewise, the survival rate of kits was not influenced by the treatment (survival test: χ<sup>2</sup>=2.3, df = 2, <em>P</em> = 0.3). Body weight of the kits was also not affected by the time point of grouping (average weight: 447.70±46.42 g (TG12), 452.20±55.30 g (TG18) and 460.06±89.23 g (TG22); <em>P</em> = 0.33). In conclusion, grouping does at a later time point in the reproductive cycle did not show any significant improvement in the breeding or productive success in a Swiss semi-group housing system. An elongated separation from conspecifics did not enhance the welfare of semi-group housed rabbits.</p>

Prognostic Value of Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) Detection in Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) – HYPER-CVAD Protocol

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 4870-4870
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Tsagarakis ◽  
Nektaria Kentrou ◽  
Mirsini Pergaminou ◽  
Theodore Marinakis ◽  
Stefanos I Papadhimitriou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maintenance Therapy ◽  
Induction Therapy ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Consolidation Therapy ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Time Point

Abstract Objective: HYPER-CVAD is an intensive treatment protocol of short duration, for ALL and other lymphoid neoplasms. It is consisted of 8 alternating cycles (parts A and B): in part A (cycles 1, 3, 5, 7) fractionated doses of cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin and dexamethazone are administrated, while in part B (cycles 2, 4, 6, 8) high doses of methotrexate and aracytin. The two first cycles compose the induction therapy, while the next 6 cycles constitute the consolidation therapy, followed by two years of maintenance therapy. Protection of CNS is achieved with intradorsal injections, whereas in Ph+ ALL patients, imatinib is also administered. The aim of this study was the clinical evaluation of MRD detection in adult patients with ALL, during chemotherapy with HYPER-CVAD. Patients/Methods: During the period 1999–2008, 30 patients were hospitalized in our hospital for ALL and were treated with HYPER-CVAD therapeutic protocol. Among them, 14/30 (46,7%) were males and 16/30 (53,3%) females (median age 43,5 years, range 16–70). Median follow-up time was 12,8 months (range 0,5–100). ALL of T-origin had 8/30 patients and of B-origin, 22/30 (1 B1-EGIL/pro-B, 17 B2-EGIL/B-common, 4 B3-EGIL/pre-B). Caryotypic analysis and FISH was done in all patients (7/30 bcr/abl+). According to classical prognostic markers of ALL: 21/30 were classified as high, 4/30 as medium and 5/30 low risk, respectively. MRD presence was detected in bone marrow samples, with flow cytometric panels, at three particular treatment time-points: completion of induction therapy (T1), completion of consolidation therapy (T2) and at the end of maintenance therapy (T3). Overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS) were investigated, especially in relation to the influence of MRD presence in (OS) and (DFS), respectively. For statistical analysis, Kaplan-Meier was used. Results: At treatment time-point (T1), MRD was detected in 10/28 (35,7%) patients, at time-point (T2) in 7/23 (30,4%) and at treatment-point (T3) in 9/17 (52,94%). The influence of MRD detection in (OS) was statistically significant (p&lt;0,05) at (T2) and (T3), while in (DFS) the detection of MRD presence in any of the standardized treatment time-points resulted in decreased DFS (T1/p&lt;0,05, T2 and T3/p&lt;0,001). Conclusions: Our results suggest that MRD detection during therapy of adult ALL is a negative prognostic indicator for (OS) and (DFS), the independency of which has to be confirmed after prolonged follow-up time and increased number of cases.

Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL). Correlation with Prognostic Factors and Outcome

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 4848-4848
Author(s):  
Anna Paisiou ◽  
Georgios Paterakis ◽  
Nikolaos Tsagarakis ◽  
Nektaria Kentrou ◽  
Vassilios Papadakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Residual Disease ◽  
Childhood All ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Standardized Treatment ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Time Point

Abstract Aim: The aim of this study was the prospective evaluation of MRD during childhood ALL therapy and its correlation with specific prognostic criteria of ALL-BFM 95 protocol and with patient outcome. Patients/Methods: 127 children (49 girls) with ALL were studied during the period 1999–2008. The median age at diagnosis was 9,32 years (range, 0,6–16,48). All patients were diagnosed in the same center and treated uniformly with the ALL-BFM 95 protocol, modified in two therapeutic branches, medium and high risk, as we have published previously. We used three or five colours’ flow cytometric panels for MRD quantification at sequential standardized treatment time-points: at day 15 of induction (T1), at day 33 (T2) of induction, before consolidation (T3), before re-induction (T4), before maintenance (T5), at maintenance completion (T6). Additionally for the high risk patients, 6 more determinations before each consolidation treatment cycle were performed. The median follow-up time was 48,4 months (range, 1,7–110,3). For statistical analysis, descriptive statistics and Kaplan-Meier were used. Results: Immunophenotypical analysis resulted in 119 patients with ALL of B-origin and 8 of T-origin. Median WBC at diagnosis was 10×109/lt, while extra-BM infiltration was found in 9 children. According to ALL-BFM 95 protocol’s criteria: 40 patients were fulfilling the criteria of the standard risk (SR), 61 of medium (MR) and 26 of high risk (HR), respectively, and therapeutically were divided into two groups: A (101 patients, SR+MR) and B (26 patients, HR). MRD was detected in: 59/123 patients at treatment time-point (T1) (39/59 from group A, of which 26/39 with high MRD levels, and 20/59 from group B, all with high MRD levels). In time-point (T2), disease was detected in 19/124: 5/19 from group A (3/5 high MRD levels), 14/19 from group B (11/14 high MRD levels). At treatment-point (T3), 3/127 had detectable disease (all from group B). None of the patients of group A had minimal residual disease at the following time-points, while only 2 patients of group B had persistent presence of MRD. In total, 14/127 children relapsed (4/SR, 2/MR, 8/HR), with significant levels of MRD in 7 (6/7 HR) and 4 (all HR) patients, at time-point (T1) and (T2), respectively. Among all, 114 children survived (CR1: 110, CR2: 4), while 13 children died (9/disease, 4/therapy-related toxicity). Conclusions: Our results suggest that MRD detection in continuous standardized treatment time-points of childhood ALL correlates with shorter disease free (DFS) and overall survival (OS), however in our cohort there was no sufficient evidence of MRD independency as prognostic factor (cox-regression analysis) compared to the classical prognostic criteria of the ALL-BFM 95. The enlargement of the group of patients and the expansion of the follow-up period will lead to more reliable conclusions.

scholarly journals The Roles of Skin Fibroblasts at Local Acupoints in Chrono-Acupuncture

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Nannan Liu ◽  
Zhengyu Zhao ◽  
Qizhi Zhou ◽  
Xiaohong Zhang ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acupuncture Treatment ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Acupuncture Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Model Group ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Group A ◽  
And Control ◽  
Time Point

Objective. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the peripheral mechanisms of chrono-acupuncture by observing acupuncture at different time points affecting relative proteins to regulate the cytoskeleton of fibroblasts differently. Methods. A total of 108 male SD rats (180–220 g) that have basic pain threshold within 3–10 s were selected and randomly divided into group A (n = 72) and control group (n = 36). After the succession of modeling with CFA injection, the rats in group A were randomly divided into model group and acupuncture group, each group containing 36 rats. Then according to the different treatment time, each group was randomly classified into 6 subgroups (ZT0, ZT4, ZT8, ZT12, ZT16, and ZT20), each subgroup containing 6 rats (n = 6). On the second day of successful modeling, the rats in the acupuncture group received acupuncture treatment at the corresponding time point, while the control group and the model group were only tied up at the corresponding time point without any treatments. Methods of operation: use 0.5-inch needles, puncture the rats’ “Zusanli” on the affected limb, with Twirling manipulation for a minute after every five minutes; the treatment lasts thirty minutes in total. After 7 days of treatments, the skin and subcutaneous tissue of rats’ acupoint area of “Zusanli” on the affected limb were taken and then stained by immunofluorescence double staining method to observe the expression of the fibroblast cytoskeleton F-actin and β-tubulin under the LSCM while using western blot to observe the expression of P38MAPK/P-P38MAPK. Results. The expression of the cytoskeleton F-actin and β-tubulin at acupoint area in the acupuncture group was significantly higher than that in the control and model group. The effect of acupuncture on the restructure of the fibroblast cytoskeleton is different at different time points, the most effective time point was at ZT12 while the least at ZT16. Acupuncture can decrease the high expression of P-P38MAPK/P38MAPK in the model group, and the effect has time differences. The expression of P-P38MAPK/P38MAPK increased more significantly at ZT16 than ZT12. Conclusion. The remodeling difference of fibroblast cytoskeleton after receiving acupuncture treatment could be one of the peripheral bases of the chrono-acupuncture.

Autologous enzyme-linked immunosorbent facilitated antigen binding detects IgE-blocking activity based on direct competition between allergen-specific IgE and non-IgE

Immunotherapy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haifeng Zhong ◽  
Xuxin Lai ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Xiaoxiong Xiao ◽  
Shi Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allergen Immunotherapy ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
Antigen Binding ◽  
Treatment Cessation ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Direct Competition ◽  
Blocking Activity ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Time Point

Aim: To measure IgE-blocking activity induced by allergen immunotherapy (AIT) by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent facilitated antigen binding (ELIFAB) assay based on autologous immunoglobulin competition. Methods: The developed ELIFAB assay was used to investigate the kinetics of IgE-blocking activity in 87 patients at multiple AIT treatment time points, in comparison to the changes in IgG4. Results: High ELIFAB response was observed until 2.5 months of AIT, then significantly decreased after 4 months and remained suppressed during the 3-year AIT period. After treatment cessation, the ELIFAB response was maintained at the level seen at the 4–6 month treatment time point, similar to IgG4, indicating sustained IgE-blocking activity related to IgG4. Conclusion: This ELIFAB assay measures the IgE-blocking activity for autologous allergen-specific IgE and non-IgE during and after immunotherapy. It is suited for measuring the sustained IgE-blocking activity induced by AIT.

Haptoglobin Genotype Affects Inflammation after Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron M. Gusdon ◽  
Jude Savarraj ◽  
Liang Zhu ◽  
Peeyush K. Thankamani Pandit ◽  
Sylvain Doré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Modified Rankin Scale ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Mixed Effect Models ◽  
Haptoglobin Genotype ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Time Point

Background: Haptoglobin (Hp) binds to and facilitates clearance of heme. Compared with HP 1-1 and 1-2 genotypes, HP 2-2 has a weaker binding affinity and has been linked with increased inflammation and vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Objective: To assess levels of inflammatory cytokines in the context of different HP genotypes. Methods: Patients were enrolled among those presenting with spontaneous aneurysmal SAH. Blood was drawn at four time points; <24 hours (T1), 24-48 hours (T2), 3-5 days (T3), and 6-8 days (T4). Blood was analyzed for levels of 41 cytokines at each time point, as well as for HP genotypes. These data were analyzed using mixed-effect models to assess the association between HP genotypes and cytokine levels. The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score was obtained at discharge, 3 months, and 6 months. Results: Fifty-seven patients were enrolled. Compared with HP 1-1 and 1-2, subjects encoding HP 2-2 had elevated levels of the following cytokines at all time points: FLT3L, IFNγ, IL-17A, TGFα, and VEGF-A. Elevations were also seen at some time points for IL-8, CSF2, FGF2, IL-7, IL-12p70, and TNFα. This study was not powered to detect differences in functional outcome; however, there were no significant differences in dichotomized mRS score between patients with HP 1- 1/1-2 or HP 2-2. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that HP 2-2 genotype leads to increased proinflammatory cytokine levels compared with HP 1-1/1-2 genotypes. These data may provide guidance for further studies seeking to identify testable markers for functional prognosis or targets for treatment.

scholarly journals 301 Effects of housing system on performance and behavior of dairy calves before and after weaning

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Shuai Liu ◽  
Gibson Alugongo ◽  
Jinghui Li ◽  
Zhijun Cao ◽  
Yajing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Dairy Calves ◽  
Housing System ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
D 63 ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
D 43

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of housing system on performance and behavior of dairy calves during pre-weaning (d 1–42), weaning (d 43–56), post-weaning (d 57–63) and mixing (d 64–70) period. Thirty-seven newborn Holstein dairy calves were allocated to individual (n = 17) or pair housing (n = 10 pairs). After that, calves remained in their pens until d 63 ± 1, and then PH group and IH group were mixed and moved to 6 group pens randomly. Starter intake, fecal consistency scores and body weight were collected. Instantaneous scan-sampling with 5-min intervals was used to collect the behavioral observations (lying, ruminating, standing, eating, drinking, walking, self-grooming, manipulating object) for 48 h beginning on d 43, 50, 57 and the second day after mixing. Data were analyzed by mixed effect model with treatment, time, and the interaction between them as fixed effects, and animal within treatment as a random effect. During post-weaning period, PH group had higher starter intake (P = 0.02) and average daily gain (P = 0.02) than IH group. PH group weighed more on d 63 (P = 0.002) and d 70 (P = 0.002). PH group had higher diarrhea frequency than IH group in week 3 (P = 0.03). PH increased lying time in week 8 (P = 0.03) and walking time during post-weaning period (P = 0.05), yet IH group spent more time standing in week 8 (P = 0.008), eating during post-weaning period (P = 0.008), self-grooming during weaning period (week 7, P = 0.007; week 8, P = 0.03). Furthermore, previous housing system had no effect on calves’ behavior after mixing. In conclusion, Pair housing during post-weaning period improved performance of calves and housing system had on effect on behavior after mixing. Figure 1. ADG (mean±SEM) for calves housed individually (n = 17 calves) or in pairs (n = 10 pairs). PH = calves housed in pairs; IH = calves housed individually. * P ≤ 0.05, † P &lt; 0.10. Figure 2. BW (mean±SEM) for calves housed individually (n = 17 calves) or in pairs (n = 10 pairs). PH = calves housed in pairs; IH = calves housed individually. * P ≤ 0.05, † P &lt; 0.10. Figure 3. Diarrhea frequency for calves housed individually (n = 17 calves) or in pairs (n = 10 pairs) before 63d. PH = calves housed in pairs; IH = calves housed individually. * P ≤ 0.05. Figure 4. Time (mean±SEM) for calves (n = 6) performing each behavior as affected by different housing system during weaning, post-weaning and mixing period.* P ≤ 0.05.

scholarly journals Alternative and enriched housing systems for breeding does: a review

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZS. Szendrő ◽  
J.I. McNitt ◽  
ZS. Matics ◽  
A. Mikó ◽  
ZS. Gerencsér
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Housing System ◽  
Group Housing ◽  
Semi Group ◽  
Alternative Housing ◽  
Housing Systems ◽  
Dutch Housing ◽  
Positive Results

The main results and observations on group and individually housed rabbit does were reviewed by Szendrő and McNitt in 2012, but in recent years several new papers in this field have been published. This provides a new opportunity to summarise the current knowledge on alternative housing systems for breeding does. In Switzerland, rabbit does are generally housed in group systems. The recently legislated Belgian and Dutch housing systems will be converted step by step into group housing systems. Recent research demonstrated that with semi-group housing systems much better performance levels are possible than with the Swiss group housing system. However, solutions to eliminate aggression, stress and injuries which are common among rabbit does in group housing systems have yet to be found. Some authors are of the opinion that individual cages are too small and allow limited possibilities for movement and social contact. Positive results were seen when platforms were inserted into the cages and the possibility for movement increased. The does and their kits could jump up and down using the platforms. Using footrests, the incidence of sore hocks declined. Several environmental enrichments which increase the well-being of rabbit does can also be used. These enriched cages (equipped with platforms, footrests, gnawing sticks, etc.) are fully in line with animal welfare requirements. Increasing the size of cages and enriching them increases the production cost and the meat will be more expensive.

scholarly journals Evaluierung von Kleingruppenhaltungssystemen und ausgestalteten Käfigen hinsichtlich Brustbeindeformationen, Gefiederstatus, Krallenlänge und Körpermasse bei den Legelinien Lohmann Selected Leghorn und Lohmann Brown

2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Weitzenbürger ◽  
A. Vits ◽  
H. Hamann ◽  
O. Distl
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Small Group ◽  
Group Size ◽  
The Body ◽  
Housing System ◽  
Group Housing ◽  
Housing Systems ◽  
Metal Plates ◽  
Bone Condition ◽  
Bone Deformities

Abstract. Title of the paper: Evaluation of small group housing systems and furnished cages concerning keel bone deformities, plumage condition, claw length und body weight in layer strains Lohmann Selected Leghorn and Lohmann Brown Small group housing systems (Eurovent 625+a-EU) and furnished cages (Aviplus und Eurovent 625A-EU) were evaluated for the occurrence of keel bone deformities, plumage condition, claw length and body weight. The examinations were performed in two layer strains, Lohmann Selected Leghorn (LSL) and Lohmann Brown (LB), over two laying periods. In addition, the effects of layer strain, month of laying period, rearing method, group- size and body weight on these traits were tested. The assessments based on a scoring system comprising the scores 1 (very severely defective part of the body) to 4 (intact part of the body) were performed every three months during the laying period. Examinations of keel bone condition and measurements of body weight were performed in a total of 864 hens, claw length and plumage condition were examined in a total of 720 hens. Housing system showed a significant effect on the incidence of keel bone deformities and claw length. Plumage condition was significantly affected by group size, whereas plumage condition was worst in groups of 20 hens in Aviplus and in groups of 10 hens in Eurovent 625A-EU. Concerning claw length there were significant differences between diverse claw abrasives. The strongest abrasion was found in groups with two abrasive blocks, whereas perforated metal plates led to the least abrasion. Month of laying period showed a significant effect on each examined trait with a decrease in keel bone and plumage condition and an increase in claw length and body weight during the laying period.

A Retrospective Study of Dogs Infected with Ehrlichia canis from 2017-2019 in the Thonburi Area of Bangkok Province, Thailand

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Ehrlichia Canis ◽  
Housing System ◽  
Housing Systems ◽  
Mixed Breed ◽  
Canine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis ◽  
Open Housing

Ehrlichia canis is a tick-borne rickettsia. It can cause canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (CME). Infected dogs are often reported to have changes in their blood values, such as anemia, thrombocytopenia, increased liver enzymes, and increased kidney function values. This study aimed to collect data that may be related to infected dogs, including age, gender, breed, weight, close-open housing system, the use of ectoparasiticides products. The sample comprised 57 infected dogs. Collecting hematology and serum biochemistry changes in comparison with the reference values of dogs detected with Ehrlichia canis from 2017-2019, Thonburi District, Bangkok, Thailand was also carried out. In summary, dogs infected with Ehrlichia canis mostly included mixed-breed dogs aged between 1 and 10 years. There were no differences in body weight or housing systems. Dogs that had never used ectoparasiticide products or used them intermittently were infected more often (by 7.14 times) than protected. Clinical hematology and serum biochemistry found anemia, thrombocytopenia, and increased liver enzymes.

scholarly journals Molecular and culture-based assessment of the microbiome in a zebrafish (Danio rerio) housing system during set-up and equilibration

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron C. Ericsson ◽  
Susheel B. Busi ◽  
Daniel J. Davis ◽  
Henda Nabli ◽  
David C. Eckhoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Housing System ◽  
Particulate Filter ◽  
Uv Disinfection ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Recirculating Aquaculture Systems ◽  
Filter Water ◽  
Disinfection Unit ◽  
Time Point

Abstract Background Zebrafish used in research settings are often housed in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) which rely on the system microbiome, typically enriched in a biofiltration substrate, to remove the harmful ammonia generated by fish via oxidation. Commercial RAS must be allowed to equilibrate following installation, before fish can be introduced. There is little information available regarding the bacterial community structure in commercial zebrafish housing systems, or the time-point at which the system or biofilter reaches a microbiological equilibrium in RAS in general. Methods A zebrafish housing system was monitored at multiple different system sites including tank water in six different tanks, pre- and post-particulate filter water, the fluidized bed biofilter substrate, post-carbon filter water, and water leaving the ultra-violet (UV) disinfection unit and entering the tanks. All of these samples were collected in quadruplicate, from prior to population of the system with zebrafish through 18 weeks post-population, and analyzed using both 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and culture using multiple agars and annotation of isolates via matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. Sequencing data were analyzed using traditional methods, network analyses of longitudinal data, and integration of culture and sequence data. Results The water microbiome, dominated by Cutibacterium and Staphylococcus spp., reached a relatively stable richness and composition by approximately three to four weeks post-population, but continued to evolve in composition throughout the study duration. The microbiomes of the fluidized bed biofilter and water leaving the UV disinfection unit were distinct from water at all other sites. Core taxa detected using molecular methods comprised 36 amplicon sequence variants, 15 of which represented Proteobacteria including multiple members of the families Burkholderiaceae and Sphingomonadaceae. Culture-based screening yielded 36 distinct isolates, and showed moderate agreement with sequencing data. Conclusions The microbiome of commercial RAS used for research zebrafish reaches a relatively stable state by four weeks post-population and would be expected to be suitable for experimental use following that time-point.

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