Condylar Asymmetry Measurements in Patients with Temporomandibular Disorders

2004 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 59-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Alp Sağlam ◽  
Gülperi Şanli
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Asymmetry Index ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Student’S T Test

Abstract Objectives The relationship between condylar asymmetry and handedness of the patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and patients with no signs or symptoms of TMD was investigated. The experimental group consisted of 25 patients aged 15 to 52 years who were referred for treatment of TMD. The mean age of this group was 26.24 years. The control group consisted of 25 patients aged 14 to 52 years (mean age: 26.16 years). Methods The formula by Habets et al.14 was used to express the symmetry between the condyles and the rami on the orthopantomogram (OPG) image. Differences between bothgroups and subgroups (condyle, ramus, condyle plus ramus) regarding symmetry were calculated with the Student's t-test. Results The mean of condylar asymmetry was found to be 11.11 ± 11.03% in the TMD group. However, in the control group, the mean of condylar asymmetry was found to be 8.36 ± 6.27%. No statistically significant differences were found between condylar asymmetry in both groups (p>0.05). Conclusions No statistically significant differences were found between condylar asymmetry index in patients with TMD according to myogenous problems and in patients with no signs or symptoms of TMD. Citation Sağlam AA, Şanli G. Condylar Asymmetry Measurements in Patients with Temporomandibular Disorders. J Contemp Dent Pract 2004 August;(5)3:059-065.

scholarly journals Effects of early unilateral mandibular first molar extraction on condylar and ramal vertical asymmetry

2014 ◽  
Vol 08 (02) ◽  
pp. 178-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koray Halicioglu ◽  
Mevlut Celikoglu ◽  
Suleyman K. Buyuk ◽  
Ahmet E. Sekerci ◽  
Celal Candirli
Keyword(s):  
Asymmetry Index ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Missing Teeth ◽  
Anterior Crowding ◽  
Mandibular Asymmetry ◽  
Group I ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Mandibular First Molar ◽  
Student’S T Test

ABSTRACT Objective: The objective of the following study is to investigate the mandibular vertical asymmetry in a group of patients with early unilateral mandibular first molar extractions. Materials and Methods: Mandibular asymmetry index measurements (condylar, ramal and condylar-plus-ramal) were performed on the panoramic radiographs of a study group including 51 patients (mean age: 18.60 ± 1.11 years) and a control group of 51 patients (mean age: 18.53 ± 1.29 years). Group I included patients with a unilateral mandibular first molar extracted before the age of 12 years. Group II included patients with no extractions and had excellent Class I relationships, no missing teeth and slight or moderate anterior crowding. A paired t-test was used to determine possible statistically significant differences between the sides for the measurements. Student's t-test was used for the comparison of asymmetry index values between the groups and genders. Results: No group showed statistically significant sex-or side-specific differences for posterior vertical height measurements. Condylar asymmetry index and ramal asymmetry index measurements were not statistically different between the groups, while condylar-plus-ramal asymmetry index (CRAI) measurements were statistically different between the groups (P = 0.019). Conclusions: A slight difference for CRAI value was found in patients with early unilateral mandibular first molar extractions.

scholarly journals An evaluation of the effect ov lanolin in healing nipple injuries

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Pereira Coca ◽  
Ana Cristina Freitas de Vilhena Abrão
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Random Sample ◽  
Left Breast ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maternity Hospitals ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Student’S T Test

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of anhydrous lanolin-based ointment in the process of healing nipple injuries. METHODS: This is a descriptive experimental study was performed in two Maternity Hospitals in Sao Paulo. The random sample consisted of 50 puerperium women with nipple injuries, hospitalized in the period of June 2002 to July 2003. Participants were randomly assigned into control and experimental groups, by the means of a draw. Statistical analysis was performed using Qui-square, Student's t test, and ANOVA (á at 5%). RESULTS: The size of the injury in the control group reduced in 0.41 ± 0.11 cm (right breast) and 0.29 ± 0.06 cm (left breast) compared to the experimental group, from the first to the second evaluation (p < 0.001), showing to be statistically significant. CONCLUSION: The lanolin is effective in treating nipple injuries.

A STUDY ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING ALPHABET CARDS GAME IN TEACHING VOCABULARY FOR COMMERCIAL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION STUDENTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Arita Destianingsih ◽  
Ari Satria
Keyword(s):  
Business Administration ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Business Administration Students ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Administration Students

The aim of this study was to know the effectiveness of the use of alphabet cards game as interesting tool to explain vocabularies and it make it easier to remember their meanings. This study belongs to the quasi experimental research and presents pre-test, post test and to investigate the effect of using alphabet cards game on vocabulary mastery of commercial business administration students. The participants were the students from commercial business administration students at the third semester (N=54) of State Polytechnic Bengkalis and divided into two groups. Both groups were taught vocabulary, however, the experimental group students who are exposed to alphabet cards game and the controlled group students who received conventional method. Pre-test and post-test were given to both experimental group students and controlled group students. The score of the vocabulary tests were compared through independent sample t-test. The mean value of pre-test of experimental class was 61.35, while the control class was 52.23. After learning using alphabet card games in experimental class the mean value obtained in post-test was 78.85, while in control class was 59.04.  The improved of learning outcomes can be seen from the level of significance was 0.000 and it was lower than t test 0.000<0.05.  It means that the hypothesis null is not accepted. Therefore, it can be concluded that the score of the students in learning vocabulary between the experimental group and control group was significantly different. The experimental group students who learned vocabulary using alphabet cards game had increased their vocabulary mastery.

scholarly journals Intravesical prostaglandin e2 effectiveness in the prevention of urinary retention after transvaginal reconstruction of the pubo-cervical fascia and short arm sling according to Lahodny: a prospective randomized clinical trial

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. QUADRI ◽  
N. NATALE ◽  
C. SPREAFICO ◽  
C. BELLONI ◽  
D. BARISANI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostaglandin E2 ◽  
Urinary Retention ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

Intravesical prostaglandin E2 is effective in the recovery of spontaneous voiding after transvaginal reconstruction of the pubocervical fascia and short arm sling according to Lahodny. The aim of the study was to compare the effects of intravesical prostaglandin E2 in the prevention of urinary retention after transvaginal reconstruction of the pubocervical fascia and short arm sling according to Lahodny. STUDY DESIGN: From November 1996 to June 1999 fifty women underwent the Lahodny procedure for moderate/severe cystocele and stress urinary incontinence. Women were randomly assigned to 1 of the 2 study groups: intravesical prostaglandin E2 versus controls. Data obtained were analyzed with the Student t test and the Fisher exact test. RESULTS: Two patients of the treatment group had to be excluded from the study, one because of the wrong measurement of the post-voidal residual volume and another due to a fastidious burning sensation which appeared immediately after prostaglandin instillation and required the suspension of the treatment. No other side effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or hyperthermia were observed. Patients who underwent the prostaglandin E2 treatment showed a recovery of spontaneous voiding after 7.9&plusmn;6.7 days, whereas this interval was significantly longer in the control group, being 12.9&plusmn;9.7 days (p=0.04, Two tailed Unpaired Student's T test). CONCLUSION: The effectiveness and the low associated morbidity mark the treatment with intravesical prostaglandin E2 useful in the recovery of normal voiding after transvaginal pubocervical fascia reconstruction and short arm sling with the procedure according to Lahodny.

scholarly journals Study of Relationship of Anemia among Edentulous Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-108
Author(s):  
Lijo Isaac ◽  
A. P. Nirmal Raj ◽  
Reshma Karkera ◽  
R Naveen Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
T Test ◽  
Dental Status ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Edentulous Patients ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Student’S T Test

Very little studies were done on relationship of the dental status and the nutritional status. The present study was done to study relation between edentulism and the presence of anemia. The study was included of 46 adult patients with edentulism and same numbers of patients were taken as controls. The results were tabulated and analyzed with the help of IBM SPSS statistics 20 using student’s t test. The hemoglobin levels were lower in the edentulous patients that that of the control group. The present study had shown that the nutritional status were poor resulting in anemia in case of edentulous patients as compared to control group with the same age group.  

scholarly journals ANALGESIC EFFICACY OF EPIDURAL MORPHINE AND CLONIDINEIN PATIENTS UNDERGOING DECOMPRESSION OF THE LUMBAR CANAL: A PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED TRIAL

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-192
Author(s):  
BRUNO RONCAGLIO ◽  
RAPHAEL FERNANDES CALHAU ◽  
CHARBEL JACOB JÚNIOR ◽  
IGOR MACHADO CARDOSO ◽  
JOSÉ LUCAS BATISTA JÚNIOR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epidural Morphine ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Analgesic Efficacy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lumbar Arthrodesis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Microsoft Office ◽  
Student’S T Test

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the postoperative analgesic efficacy in patients undergoing lumbar canal decompression using epidural morphine and clonidine at the Hospital Santa Casa de Vitória - ES, Brazil. Methods: Prospective, randomized study of 60 patients with stenosis of the lumbar canal up to two levels with surgical indication, in which decompression of the canal was performed in association with lumbar arthrodesis. In group 1 we performed conventional postoperative analgesia and in group 2, in addition to conventional analgesia, we associated epidural morphine and clonidine. We used VAS as a means of analyzing pain intensity at 1, 12, and 36 hours after surgery. The statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Office/Excel and the software GraphPad Prism (San Diego, CA, USA). Results: The mean age of patients was 47 years, and 52% were female. The mean VAS in the first hour, 12th, and 36th hours after surgery in the control group was 5.44, 2.13, and 0.55 respectively. In the morphine-clonidine group it was 6.96; 2.21 and 0.60. Comparing one group with another in its absolute values through the Mann-Whitney test, as well as comparing the pain variations between the 1st and 12th hour (1h X 12h) and between the 12th hour and 36th hour (12h x 36h ) through Student’s t test it became clear that there was no statistical difference between groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The addition of epidural morphine and clonidine to conventional analgesia is not beneficial to reduce postoperative pain in patients undergoing lumbar canal decompression.

scholarly journals Applying shadowing technique to improve students' listening achievement

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
Fitri Maini ◽  
Rachmanita
Keyword(s):  
Null Hypothesis ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Critical Value ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tenth Graders ◽  
Tenth Grade ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Experimental Group

This study tried find the students’ improvement in listening achievement after having taught by using the shadowing technique. The method used was a quasi-experimental that involved two groups, namely the control group and experimental group. The population of this study was all the tenth graders of SMA Negeri 3 Unggulan Kayuagung with a total number of 198 tenth graders. Purposive sampling method was applied to select the sample involved 72 tenth graders. In collecting the data, try out the test was used to get the desirable questions that would be used in the pretest and posttest to both groups in the control and experimental group. To verify the hypothesis, the normality and homogeneity of the data were firstly analyzed before being continued to be analyzed by using a t-test. Based on the result of data analysis in an independent sample t-test, there were some findings found. First, the mean score of a posttest (75.56) in the experimental group was higher than the pretest (69.03) in the control group. Secondly, the value of tobtained was 2.77 at the significant level of p<0.05 in two-tailed testing with df = 70, the critical value of ttable was 1.99. Since the value of tobtained was higher than ttable, the null hypothesis (Ho) was rejected and the research hypothesis was accepted. In conclusion, it showed that the shadowing technique could improve the tenth-grade students’ listening achievement at SMA Negeri 3 Unggulan Kayuagung.

scholarly journals Text-based Character in Teaching Reading: Do Students Can Achieve Significant Result in Reading Test?

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
Hasan Hasan ◽  
Andi Sadapotto ◽  
Muhammad Hanafi ◽  
Usman Usman
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Hypothesis ◽  
T Test ◽  
Reading Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Good Classification ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

This quasi-experimental study involves the experimental and control group which consist of 60 students in first year of SMA Muhammadiyah Sidenreng Rappang   2019/2020 academic year.  The reading test is used to collect data to find out do the students can achieve significant result in reading test using Text-based Character. Based on the result the mean score of the experimental group pre-test was 72.67 and classified into good classification, while the control group was 69.63 classified into good. The mean score of the post-test after treatment for the experimental group was 82.43 (very good) while the control group was 76.53, (good) classification still.  The researcher found that the T-table is higher than the t-test (α) (1.659<2.021). It means that there is a significant difference in the pre-test of the control and experimental group, while in post-test of an experimental and control group, the researcher finds that the T-test is higher than the alpha and previous score in the the pre-test (α) (3.089>2.021). The degree of freedom is 58. This study reveals that the alternative hypothesis (H1) was accepted, and the null hypothesis (H0) was rejected. This is means that the use of Text-based Characters can improves students' reading skills in significant way.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTIVENESS OF COOPERATIVE LEARNING METHOD TO REDUCING STUDENTS ANXIETY IN LEARNING MATH AT GRADE VII SMP NEGERI 1 BAUBAU

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suwarni La Usa
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Cooperative Learning ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Learning Method ◽  
Round Numbers ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Research Show

The problem of this research is whether the application of cooperative learning method is effective in reducing student’s anxiety in learning Math at grade VII at the topic of round numbers. The objective of the research is to know the effectiveness of cooperative learning in reducing student’s anxiety in learning Math at the topic of round numbers at grade VII SMP Negeri 1 Baubau. This research is descriptive quantitative by applying quasi experimental design. The sample taken consisted of 54 students which is each group consisted of 27 students. The instrument used in this research is test. The result of the research show that (1)The mean score of students learning in Math in experimental group before treatment is 56,48 with standard of deviation is 18,65 and after treatment is 83,70 with standard of deviation is 15,54. (2)The mean score of students learning in Math in control group before treatment is 56,67 with standard of deviation is 17,26 and after treatment is 73,51 with standard of deviation is 17,58. (3)Based on the mean score of students result in learning who is taught through those model of learning and seeing the result of statistic inferential of t test shows that learning through cooperative learning method is more effective to reduce students anxiety in learning Math.

scholarly journals THE RELIABILITY OF THE BOLTON RATIO WHEN APPLIED TO THE INDONESIAN POPULATION

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Joko Kusnoto
Keyword(s):  
T Test ◽  
Tooth Size ◽  
Crown Width ◽  
Indonesian Population ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Anterior Ratio ◽  
Overall Ratio ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

  Objective: The objective of this study is to determine whether Bolton ratio can be applied clinically to the Indonesian population and to determine a more suitable Bolton ratio for the Indonesian population.Methods: This study was conducted on 120 readily available study models of treated cases comprising 37 males and 83 females. Two investigators separately measured the mesiodistal crown width of maxillary and mandibular tooth on each study model using sliding calipers. According to Bolton’s method, the overall and anterior ratios from each sample were calculated and the mean was generated. Using Student’s t-test with a 95% confidence interval, the investigators compared whether there is a significant difference between the ratio from Bolton’s samples and the ratio from the Indonesian samples.Results: The result of this study showed that, for Indonesian samples, the overall ratio is 89.7±2.05, while the anterior ratio is 76.4±2.76. Student’s t-test showed that there is a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) between the results of this study and that of Bolton’s study for both the anterior and overall ratios.Conclusion: It can be concluded that there is a difference between Indonesian population and Caucasian population in tooth size and Bolton ratio value. Therefore, original Bolton ratio value cannot be used as an accurate diagnostic tool for Indonesian population.

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