Use of Probiotics For Oral Health

ABSTRACT The term “probiotic” was first used in 1965, by Lilly and Stillwell, to describe substances secreted by one organism which stimulate the growth of another. The number of products containing probiotics, viable bacteria with proven health benefits, entering the market is increasing. The use of antibiotics, immunosuppressive therapy and irradiation, amongst other means of treatment, may cause alterations in the composition and have an effect on the GIT flora. Therefore, the introduction of beneficial bacterial species to GI tract may be a very attractive option to re-establish the microbial equilibrium and prevent disease. Traditionally, probiotics have been associated with gut health, and most clinical interest has been focused on their use for prevention or treatment of gastrointestinal infections and diseases; however, during the last decade several investigators have also suggested the use of probiotics for oral health purposes.

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Probiotics and Oral Health

European Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1055/s-0039-1697851 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 04 (03) ◽

pp. 348-355 ◽

Cited By ~ 62

Author(s):

Anna Haukioja

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Health Benefits ◽

Probiotic Bacteria ◽

Gut Health ◽

Gastrointestinal Infections ◽

Viable Bacteria ◽

Clinical Interest ◽

Probiotic Lactobacilli

The number of products containing probiotics, viable bacteria with proven health benefits, entering the market is increasing. Traditionally, probiotics have been associated with gut health, and most clinical interest has been focused on their use for prevention or treatment of gastrointestinal infections and diseases; however, during the last decade several investigators have also suggested the use of probiotics for oral health purposes. The aim of this review is to examine potential mechanisms of probiotic bacteria in the oral cavity and summarize observed effects of probiotics with respect to oral health. The review focuses on probiotic lactobacilli and bifidobacteria, genera that are most used in various probiotic products. (Eur J Dent 2010;4:348-355)

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Oligosaccharides in goats’ milk-based infant formula and their prebiotic and anti-infection properties

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s000711451900134x ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 122 (04) ◽

pp. 441-449 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Andrea Leong ◽

Zhiqian Liu ◽

Hala Almshawit ◽

Bogdan Zisu ◽

Christopher Pillidge ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Milk ◽

Infant Formula ◽

Health Benefits ◽

Infant Formulas ◽

Limited Information ◽

Gut Health ◽

Gastrointestinal Infections ◽

Adhesion Properties ◽

Naturally Occurring ◽

Stage 1

AbstractHuman milk contains an abundant supply and diverse array of oligosaccharides that are known to impart significant health benefits to the nursing infant including establishment and maintenance of a healthy gut microflora, immune development and protection against gastrointestinal infections. When breastfeeding is not possible or insufficient, infant formulas are commonly used as an alternative. However, limited information is available about the presence of naturally occurring oligosaccharides in these infant formulas and their likely health benefits. The present study examined the presence of naturally occurring oligosaccharides in commercial goats’ milk-based stage 1 and stage 2 infant formulas and their prebiotic and anti-infection properties. LC/MS was used to detect and quantify oligosaccharides and their prebiotic potential was assessed by their ability, at concentrations present in reconstituted ready-to-use infant formula, to promote the growth of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB12, B. longum BB536, Lactobacillus acidophilus 4461 and L. casei 2607 in vitro. For anti-infection properties, the ability of goat milk oligosaccharides to prevent the adhesion of Escherichia coli NCTC 10418 and a Salmonella typhimurium isolate to Caco-2 cells was investigated. The results showed the presence of fourteen quantifiable oligosaccharides in stage 1 and stage 2 goats’ milk-based infant formula. This was similar to the number of oligosaccharides detected in the fresh goats’ milk. Of these, five were structurally similar to those found in human milk. These oligosaccharides were shown to significantly enhance the growth of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli and reduce the adhesion of E. coli NCTC 10418 and S. typhimurium to Caco-2 cells. Together, these results suggest that oligosaccharides naturally present in goats’ milk-based infant formula exhibit strong prebiotic and anti-pathogen adhesion properties and may confer gut health benefits to infants.

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Oil Pulling - A Blessing in Disguise

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences (JAIMS) ◽

10.21760/jaims.v1i4.6910 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Priyanka P. Selvam ◽

Nandan N ◽

Sinil Raj

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Health Benefits ◽

Tooth Brushing ◽

Ayurvedic Medicine ◽

Traditional Practices ◽

Medical Field ◽

Internal Organs ◽

Proper Functioning

Oil pulling is an ancient Ayurvedic remedy for oral health and detoxification. It involves the use of pure oils as agents to cleanse out harmful bacteria, as well as reduce fungal overgrowth. Oil pulling may also increase saponification in the mouth, creating a soapy environment that cleanses the mouth as vegetable fat is an emulsifier by nature. Most interesting is perhaps the ability of oil to help in cellular restructuring, and are related to the proper functioning of the lymph nodes and other internal organs. Apart from the various available scientific advancements in the medical field, there are age old traditional practices in Ayurvedic medicine which have to be encouraged. Oil pulling, which only requires one to swish oil in the mouth is known to cure many oral and systemic ailments. Though oil pulling is effective, none of the studies considered it as a replacement for the tooth brushing, but can definitely be a supplemental oral hygiene aid. This paper aims at throwing light on the various health benefits of this bygone practice.

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Elicitation of Stress-Induced Phenolic Metabolites for Antimicrobial Applications against Foodborne Human Bacterial Pathogens

Antibiotics ◽

10.3390/antibiotics10020109 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 109

Author(s):

Ashish Christopher ◽

Dipayan Sarkar ◽

Kalidas Shetty

Keyword(s):

Food Safety ◽

Bacterial Pathogens ◽

Health Benefits ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Pentose Phosphate ◽

Plant Food ◽

Gut Health ◽

Phenolic Metabolites ◽

Effective Strategies ◽

Specific Objective

Foodborne bacterial pathogens in consumed foods are major food safety concerns worldwide, leading to serious illness and even death. An exciting strategy is to use novel phenolic compounds against bacterial pathogens based on recruiting the inducible metabolic responses of plant endogenous protective defense against biotic and abiotic stresses. Such stress-inducible phenolic metabolites have high potential to reduce bacterial contamination, and particularly improve safety of plant foods. The stimulation of plant protective response by inducing biosynthesis of stress-inducible phenolics with antimicrobial properties is among the safe and effective strategies that can be targeted for plant food safety and human gut health benefits. Metabolically driven elicitation with physical, chemical, and microbial elicitors has shown significant improvement in the biosynthesis of phenolic metabolites with antimicrobial properties in food and medicinal plants. Using the above rationale, this review focuses on current advances and relevance of metabolically driven elicitation strategies to enhance antimicrobial phenolics in plant food models for bacterial-linked food safety applications. Additionally, the specific objective of this review is to explore the potential role of redox-linked pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) regulation for enhancing biosynthesis of stress-inducible antibacterial phenolics in elicited plants, which are relevant for wider food safety and human health benefits.

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Exploring Mucin as Adjunct to Phage Therapy

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms9030509 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 509

Author(s):

Amanda Carroll-Portillo ◽

Henry C. Lin

Keyword(s):

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Structural Changes ◽

Phage Therapy ◽

Bacterial Species ◽

Gi Tract ◽

Beneficial Bacteria ◽

Phage Cocktail ◽

Small Intestinal ◽

Gastrointestinal Dysbiosis

Conventional phage therapy using bacteriophages (phages) for specific targeting of pathogenic bacteria is not always useful as a therapeutic for gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction. Complex dysbiotic GI disorders such as small intestinal bowel overgrowth (SIBO), ulcerative colitis (UC), or Crohn’s disease (CD) are even more difficult to treat as these conditions have shifts in multiple populations of bacteria within the microbiome. Such community-level structural changes in the gut microbiota may require an alternative to conventional phage therapy such as fecal virome transfer or a phage cocktail capable of targeting multiple bacterial species. Additionally, manipulation of the GI microenvironment may enhance beneficial bacteria–phage interactions during treatment. Mucin, produced along the entire length of the GI tract to protect the underlying mucosa, is a prominent contributor to the GI microenvironment and may facilitate bacteria–phage interactions in multiple ways, potentially serving as an adjunct during phage therapy. In this review, we will describe what is known about the role of mucin within the GI tract and how its facilitation of bacteria–phage interactions should be considered in any effort directed at optimizing effectiveness of a phage therapy for gastrointestinal dysbiosis.

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Pre and Probiotics Involved in the Modulation of Oral Bacterial Species: New Therapeutic Leads in Mental Disorders?

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms9071450 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. 1450

Author(s):

Yoann Maitre ◽

Rachid Mahalli ◽

Pierre Micheneau ◽

Alexis Delpierre ◽

Marie Guerin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Central Nervous System ◽

Nervous System ◽

Oral Health ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Bacterial Species ◽

Oral Microbiome ◽

Oral Microbiota ◽

Therapeutic Leads

This systematic review aims to identify probiotics and prebiotics for modulating oral bacterial species associated with mental disorders. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guideline, we search the electronic MEDLINE database published till January 2021 to identify the studies on probiotics and/or prebiotics for preventing and treating major oral dysbiosis that provokes mental disorders. The outcome of the search produces 374 records. After excluding non-relevant studies, 38 papers were included in the present review. While many studies suggest the potential effects of the oral microbiota on the biochemical signalling events between the oral microbiota and central nervous system, our review highlights the limited development concerning the use of prebiotics and/or probiotics in modulating oral dysbiosis potentially involved in the development of mental disorders. However, the collected studies confirm prebiotics and/or probiotics interest for a global or targeted modulation of the oral microbiome in preventing or treating mental disorders. These outcomes also offer exciting prospects for improving the oral health of people with mental disorders in the future.

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Oral Health Benefits in Medicare and Medicaid

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

10.1016/j.joms.2021.08.268 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

B.D. Tiner ◽

J. David Johnson ◽

Paul J. Schwartz ◽

Robert S. Clark ◽

Victor L. Nannini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Health Benefits

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Gut health benefits of brown seaweed Ecklonia radiata and its polysaccharides demonstrated in vivo in a rat model

Journal of Functional Foods ◽

10.1016/j.jff.2017.08.040 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 37 ◽

pp. 676-684 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Suvimol Charoensiddhi ◽

Michael A. Conlon ◽

Pawadee Methacanon ◽

Christopher M.M. Franco ◽

Peng Su ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rat Model ◽

Health Benefits ◽

Brown Seaweed ◽

Gut Health ◽

Ecklonia Radiata

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Gut Microbiota May Not Be Fully Restored in Recovered COVID-19 Patients After 3-Month Recovery

Frontiers in Nutrition ◽

10.3389/fnut.2021.638825 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Yu Tian ◽

Kai-yi Sun ◽

Tian-qing Meng ◽

Zhen Ye ◽

Shi-meng Guo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

Bacterial Species ◽

Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Sequencing Analysis ◽

Gut Health ◽

Opportunistic Pathogens ◽

Recovery Stage ◽

Β Diversity ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Male Patients

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has infected over 124 million people worldwide. In addition to the development of therapeutics and vaccines, the evaluation of the sequelae in recovered patients is also important. Recent studies have indicated that COVID-19 has the ability to infect intestinal tissues and to trigger alterations of the gut microbiota. However, whether these changes in gut microbiota persist into the recovery stage remains largely unknown. Here, we recruited seven healthy Chinese men and seven recovered COVID-19 male patients with an average of 3-months after discharge and analyzed their fecal samples by 16S rRNA sequencing analysis to identify the differences in gut microbiota. Our results suggested that the gut microbiota differed in male recovered patients compared with healthy controls, in which a significant difference in Chao index, Simpson index, and β-diversity was observed. And the relative abundance of several bacterial species differed clearly between two groups, characterized by enrichment of opportunistic pathogens and insufficiency of some anti-inflammatory bacteria in producing short chain fatty acids. The above findings provide preliminary clues supporting that the imbalanced gut microbiota may not be fully restored in recovered patients, highlighting the importance of continuous monitoring of gut health in people who have recovered from COVID-19.

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