scholarly journals Influence of Different Enamel Shades and Thickness on Chroma and Value of Dentin Vita Shade: An in vitro Comparative Assessment Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 304-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Meena ◽  
Deepak Mehta ◽  
Noor Saira Wajid Najma Hajira ◽  
P Ashwini ◽  
HL Usha
Keyword(s):  
Composite Resin ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Optimum Thickness ◽  
Assessment Study ◽  
Natural Teeth ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
One Way Anova

ABSTRACT Background The aim of the present study is to determine the influence of different enamel shades of various thickness on chroma and value of vita shade of dentin. Materials and methods Three enamel composite resin shades (Enamel white, grey and neutral) and one dentin shade (A2) from Amelogen Plus (Ultradent) was used. Ninety Enamel disk specimens of 0.5, 0.75 and 1 mm thickness and 10 mm in diameter for each shade and 90 dentin disk specimens of 2 mm in thickness and 10 mm in diameter was used for the study. The spectrophotometric values of the dentin shade with and without enamel specimens were recorded and the values were converted to CIE L*a*b values. Results Statistical analysis was done using Pearson correlation coefficients to verify the effect of thickness on Chroma and value, and the significance was evaluated by one-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test. Two way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc was done to verify the variation within the groups. Results revealed a significant positive correlation between thickness and chroma and a negative correlation between thickness and value. There was a statistically significant variation in between the groups. Conclusion All groups produced a significant increase in chroma with increase in thickness of enamel shade upto a thickness of 0.75 mm after which the behavior of each shade was erratic. Hence, the optimum thickness would be 0.75 mm. All groups produced a significant decrease in value with increase in thickness of enamel shade. Enamel white produced the greatest reduction in value, enamel neutral the least and enamel grey demonstrated an intermediate result. Clinical significance There is a need to have a knowledge of the effect on chroma and value when dentin is layered with different enamel shades, it is also important to understand the effect of these enamel shades at different thicknesses to better control the color and reproduce esthetic simulating natural teeth. How to cite this article Hajira NSWN, Mehta D, Ashwini P, Meena N, Usha HL. Influence of Different Enamel Shades and Thickness on Chroma and Value of Dentin Vita Shade: An in vitro Comparative Assessment Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(4):304-309.

scholarly journals The Effects of Different Antioxidant Agents on the Microtensile Bond Strength of Composite Resin to Bleached Enamel

2021 ◽  
pp. 258-269
Author(s):  
Nurcan Ozakar Ilday ◽  
Ozcan Karatas ◽  
Latife Altınok Uygun ◽  
Pınar Gul
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Composite Resin ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Microtensile Bond Strength ◽  
Antioxidant Agents ◽  
Composite Resin Restoration ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
One Way Anova

Objective: The objective of this in vitro study is to examine the effect of antioxidants on the bonding strength of composite resin to bleached enamel. Materials and Methods: One hundred twenty non decay teeth were used in this study. Specimens were cut from the enamel cement junction. Then the specimens were randomly assigned into two groups-office bleaching and home bleaching. Bleaching antioxidants were applied to the first 12 subgroups. The specimens in the remaining 12 groups were kept in artificial saliva for 14 days and antioxidants were applied. Composite resin restoration was applied to all specimens. A cutting device was employed to obtain six specimens (0.9mm) from each tooth, and the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) test was performed. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, the paired t-test, and Duncan’s post hoc test (p=0.05). Results: In office bleaching specimens, immediate antioxidant application increased the μTBS values (p<0.05). Comparisons of the antioxidants individually revealed that bonding values increased after two weeks in specimens subjected to antioxidant application (p<0.05). In office bleaching specimens, immediate antioxidant application increased the μTBS values (p>0.05). Mean μTBS values in the groups to which antioxidants were applied two weeks after home bleaching were higher than those in the groups in which antioxidants were applied immediately. Conclusion: The use of antioxidants after bleaching may increase the MTBS value.  The clinician should take this into account especially in immediate restoration applications after bleaching.

scholarly journals Depth-Related Curing Potential of Ormocer- and Dimethacrylate-Based Bulk-Fill Composites

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 6753
Author(s):  
Ramona S. Oltramare ◽  
Reto Odermatt ◽  
Phoebe Burrer ◽  
Thomas Attin ◽  
Tobias T. Tauböck
Keyword(s):  
Double Bond ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Degree Of Conversion ◽  
Double Bond Conversion ◽  
Nanohybrid Composite ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
One Way Anova

The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the degree of C=C double bond conversion of high-viscosity dimethacrylate- or ormocer-based bulk-fill composites as a function of measurement depth. Four bulk-fill composites (Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill, x-tra fil, SonicFill, and Bulk Ormocer) and the conventional nanohybrid composite Tetric EvoCeram were applied in standardized Class II cavities (n = 6 per group) and photoactivated for 20 s at 1350 mW/cm2. The degree of conversion of the composites was assessed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy at seven measurement depths (0.15, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 mm). Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc tests (α = 0.05). The investigated bulk-fill composites showed at least 80% of their maximum degree of conversion (80% DCmax) up to a measuring depth of at least 4 mm. Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill and Bulk Ormocer achieved more than 80% DCmax up to a measuring depth of 5 mm, x-tra fil up to 6 mm. The conventional nanohybrid composite Tetric EvoCeram achieved more than 80% DCmax up to 3 mm. In contrast to the conventional composite, the investigated ormocer- and dimethacrylate-based bulk-fill composites can be photo-polymerized in thick layers of up to at least 4 mm with regard to their degree of C=C double bond conversion.

scholarly journals Antibiofilm Effect of Clitoria ternatea Flower Juice on Porphyromonas gingivalis in vitro

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Armelia Sari Widyarman ◽  
Stephani Sumadi ◽  
Tri Putriany Agustin
Keyword(s):  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Incubation Time ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Blue Color ◽  
Clitoria Ternatea ◽  
Anova Test ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
One Way Anova

  Introduction: Clitoria ternatea flower contains flavonoid such as anthocyanin that gives the blue color to its flower and has antimicrobial activity.   Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of flower juice of Clitoria ternatea against Porphyromonas gingivalis biofilm viability in vitro.   Methods: This study was experimental laboratory research using biofilm assay method. P. gingivalis was cultured in BHI broth in 37°C for 24h under anaerobic condition. Fresh flowers of Clitoria ternatea were extracted using mortar and pestle and diluted into 6 different concentrations: 100%, 50%, 25%, 12.5%, 6.25%, and 3.125% with phosphate buffer saline (PBS). Chlorhexidine (0.2%) was used as positive control and biofilm without treatment as negative control. The flower juice was distributed into 96 well-plates that contained biofilm of P. gingivalis and incubated for 1h, 3h, 6h, and 24h in 37°C, anaerobic atmosphere. Biofilm was measured using crystal violet dye with microplate reader (490 nm). Data were statistically analysed using one-way ANOVA test and Post Hoc test with p<0.05 was set as significant different.   Result: Result showed that Clitoria ternatea flower juice significantly reduced the Porphyromonas gingivalis biofilm viability in all concentration and all incubation time. The most effective concentration to inhibit Porphyromonas gingivalis biofilm was 100% in 1h incubation time which biofilm was diminished (Optical Density=0.00). One way ANOVA test and Post Hoc test showed a significant biofilm reduction in all concentration and all incubation time after treatment with the flower juice compared to control (p<0.05).   Conclusion: Clitoria ternatea flower juice has antibiofilm effect against Porphyromonas gingivalis. This result showed this flower juice may be useful for combating periodontal pathogens. However, further studies using other bacteria are still needed to confirm this result.

scholarly journals EFEK ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAUN MIMBA (Azadirachta indica) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN Enterococcus faecalis SECARA IN-VITRO

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Cut Soraya ◽  
Sunnati ◽  
Fenny Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compound ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Banda Aceh

Perawatan saluran akar adalah perawatan yang dilakukan untuk mempertahankan gigi agar dapatberfungsi di lengkung gigi selama mungkin. Penyebab dominan dari kegagalan perawatan endodontikadalah adanya bakteri di dalam saluran akar. Bakteri yang paling sering ditemukan pada isolasi darigigi yang mengalami kegagalan perawatan saluran akar adalah Enterococcus faecalis (E.faecalis).Salah satu jenis tanaman herbal yang memiliki sifat antibakteri yang tinggi adalah tanaman mimba(A.indica). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis efek antibakteri ekstrak daun mimba (A.indica)terhadap pertumbuhan E. faecalis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratorisdengan desain penelitian true experimental posttest only control group. Penelitian dilalukan denganmenguji ekstrak daun mimba (A.indica) pada konsentrasi 10%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% dan 100%terhadap pertumbuhan E. faecalis yang dilakukan di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Fakultas KedokteranHewan (FKH) Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh. Hasil uji fitokimia yang dilakukan menunjukkanbahwa ekstrak daun mimba (A. indica) positif mengandung triterpenoid, phenolic compound, tanin,steroid dan saponin yang berperan sebagai antibakteri. Hasil uji efek antibakteri ekstrak daun mimba(A. indica) menunjukkan adanya pembentukan zona hambat di sekitar kertas cakram pada setiapkonsentrasi. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa ekstrak daun mimba memiliki efek antibakteri yangmemiliki kemampuan dalam menghambat pertumbuhan E. faecalis. Uji statistik digunakanmenggunakan one way ANOVA. Kemudian dilakukan uji lanjut (Post hoc test) menggunakan LeastSignificant Difference untuk menganalisis perbedaan efek antibakteri ekstrak daun mimba (A. indica)dalam konsentrasi 10%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% dan 100% terhadap pertumbuhan E.faecalis.Kesimpulan penelitian ini ekstrak daun mimba (A. indica) berpotensi menghambatpertumbuhan E. faecalis.Kata Kunci: Azadirachta indica, Enterococcus faecalis, perawatan saluran akar.

scholarly journals Serum Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Levels in Untreated and Treated in Batak Tribe Patients with Schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1449-1460
Author(s):  
Julius Martin Siagian ◽  
Elmeida Effendy ◽  
Mustafa M. Amin
Keyword(s):  
General Hospital ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Welch Test ◽  
Pearson Correlation Test ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
One Way Anova

To find out the difference of serum IL-2 levels between untreated and treated in the Batak tribe patients with schizophrenia and healthy control and also to find out the association between serum IL-2 levels with PANSS score in the Batak tribe patients with schizophrenia. This study was cross-sectional approach using a one-way ANOVA welch test and to find a correlation between serum IL-2 levels with PANSS score in the Batak tribe patients with schizophrenia which is conducted in Prof. Dr. M. Ildrem Psychiatric Hospital Medan and Dr. Pirngadi General Hospital Medan from September 2019-November 2019. Subjects of untreated were 55 subjects and treated in the Batak tribe patients with schizophrenia were 55 subjects and healthy control were 55 subjects. There were significant differences between these three groups using post hoc Games-Howell test on the value of p<0.001 and also been found there was a significant correlation between serum IL-2 levels with PANSS score in the Batak tribe patients with schizophrenia using the Pearson correlation test (r=0.599, p=0.001 and r=0.501, p=0.001). It was founded that there were significant differences between serum IL-2 levels in three groups and also founded there was a significant correlation between serum IL-2 levels with PANSS score in the Batak tribe patients with schizophrenia. 

scholarly journals Prediction of crude protein digestibility of animal by-product meals for dogs by the protein solubility in pepsin method

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris M. Kawauchi ◽  
Nilva K. Sakomura ◽  
Cristiana F. F. Pontieri ◽  
Aline Rebelato ◽  
Thaila C. Putarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Protein Solubility ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractAnimal by-product meals have large variability in crude protein (CP) content and digestibility. In vivo digestibility procedures are precise but laborious, and in vitro methods could be an alternative to evaluate and classify these ingredients. The present study reports prediction equations to estimate the CP digestibility of meat and bone meal (MBM) and poultry by-product meal (PM) using the protein solubility in pepsin method (PSP). Total tract CP digestibility of eight MBM and eight PM samples was determined in dogs by the substitution method. A basal diet was formulated for dog maintenance, and sixteen diets were produced by mixing 70 % of the basal diet and 30 % of each tested meal. Six dogs per diet were used to determine ingredient digestibility. In addition, PSP of the MBM and PM samples was determined using three pepsin concentrations: 0·02, 0·002 and 0·0002 %. The CP content of MBM and PM ranged from 39 to 46 % and 57 to 69 %, respectively, and their mean CP digestibility by dogs was 76 (2·4) and 85 (2·6) %, respectively. The pepsin concentration with higher Pearson correlation coefficients with the in vivo results were 0·0002 % for MBM (r 0·380; P = 0·008) and 0·02 % for PM (r 0·482; P = 0·005). The relationship between the in vivo and in vitro results was better explained by the following equations: CP digestibility of MBM = 61·7 + 0·2644 × PSP at 0·0002 % (P = 0·008; R2 0·126); and CP digestibility of PM = 54·1 + 0·3833 × PSP at 0·02 % (P = 0·005; R2 0·216). Although significant, the coefficients of determination were low, indicating that the models were weak and need to be used with caution.

scholarly journals The influence of different screw tightening forces on the vertical misfit of implant-supported frameworks

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Klee de Vasconcellos ◽  
Marco Antonio Bottino ◽  
Renato Sussumu Nishioka ◽  
Luiz Felipe Valandro ◽  
Elza Maria Valadares da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Pairwise Comparisons ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Nickel Chromium ◽  
Marginal Discrepancy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
One Way Anova

OBJECTIVES: The present in vitro study was designed to compare the differences in the vertical misfit of implant-supported frameworks using three different forces for tightening the bridge locking screws: fastening by hand until first resistance, and using torque drivers with 10 and 20Ncm. METHODS: The investigation was conducted based on the results given by 9 six-unit nickel-chromium (2 abutments/ 4 pontics) screw-retained implant-supported frameworks. The structures were exposed to simulated porcelain firings. The marginal misfit measurements were made using a traveling measuring microscope at selected screw tightening forces: fastening by hand until first resistance, and using torque drivers with 10 and 20Ncm. The results were submitted to one-way ANOVA with repeated measures on one factor, and post hoc pairwise comparisons using Tukey test (5%). RESULTS: The mean marginal misfit of the frameworks, fastening the screws by hand until first resistance, was 41.56µm (SD±12.45µm). The use of torque driver devices caused a significant reduction in marginal opening (p<0.05). With the lowest torque available (10Ncm), the mean marginal discrepancy at the abutment-framework interface was reduced an average of 52% to a mean marginal opening of 19.71µm (SD±2.97µm). After the use of the 20Ncm torque driver, the mean marginal discrepancy of the frameworks was reduced an average of 69% to a mean marginal opening of 12.82µm (SD±4.0µm). Comparing the use of torque drivers with 10 and 20 Ncm torque, the means are not significantly different from one another. CONCLUSION: The seating force has an important effect on the vertical misfit measurements, once it may considerably narrow the vertical misfit gaps at the abutment-framework interface, thus leading to a misjudgment of the real marginal situation.

In Vitro Evaluation of Microleakage and Microhardness of Ethanolic Extracts of Propolis in Different Proportions Added to Glass Ionomer Cement

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Altunsoy ◽  
Mehmet Tanrıver ◽  
Uğur Türkan ◽  
Mehmet Emin Uslu ◽  
Sibel Silici
Keyword(s):  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Dental Practice ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Ionomer Cement

Objective: To evaluate the effect of ethanolic extracts of propolis (EEP) addition in different proportions to glass ionomer cement (GIC) on microleakage and microhardness of GIC. Study design: The cement was divided into four groups: one using the original composition and three with 10%, 25%, and 50% EEP added to the liquid and then manipulated. For microleakage assessment, sixty primary molars were randomly divided into four groups (n=15). Standard Class II cavities were prepared and then filled with EEP in different proportions added to GICs. Microleakage test was performed using a dye penetration method. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Mann - Whitney U tests (α = 0.05). Disc shaped specimens were prepared from the tested GIC to determine Vickers hardness (VHN). The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey test (α = 0.05). Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of microleakage (p &gt; 0.05). There were statistically significant differences between the VHN values of groups (p &lt; 0.05). Increasing addition of EEP to GIC statistically significantly increased VHN value of GIC (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusions: The addition of EEP to GIC increased the microhardness of the GIC and did not adversely affect the microleakage. Thus, it might be used during routine dental practice due to its antibacterial properties

scholarly journals UJI EFEK ANTI BAKTERI EKSTRAK BUNGA CENGKEH TERHADAP BAKTERI Streptococcus mutans SECARA IN VITRO

e-GIGI ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juvensius R. Andries ◽  
Paulina N. Gunawan ◽  
Aurelia Supit
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Clove Extract ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
One Way Anova

Abstrak: Minyak cengkeh berguna sebagai antibakteri alami. Minyak esensial dari cengkeh mempunyai fungsi anestetik dan antimikrobial. Zat yang terkandung dalam cengkeh yang bernama eugenol dapat membunuh bakteri termasuk bakteri yang resisten terhadap antibiotika, salah satunya adalah bakteri Streptococcus mutans. Bakteri ini merupakan mikroorganisme penyebab utama terjadinya karies. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui efek antibakteri ekstrak cengkeh terhadap bakteri Streptococcus mutans secara in vitro. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental menggunakan post test only control group design. Penelitian ini menggunakan bahan coba ekstrak cengkeh dengan konsentrasi 40%, 60%, dan 80%, Ciprofloxacin, aquades dengan pengulangan sebanyak lima kali. Data dikumpulkan dan dianalisis dengan one-way ANOVA dan post-hoc uji LSD ( = 0,05). Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik penelitian uji efek antibakteri ekstrak cengkeh terhadap bakteri streptococcus mutans secara in vitro, dapat disimpulkaan bahwa ekstrak cengkeh memiliki efek antibakteri dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus mutans secara in vitro. Hasil uji lanjut post-hoc uji LSD menunjukan daya hambat ekstrak cengkeh 40%, 60%, 80%, lebih kecil (p<0,05) dalam menghambat Streptococcus mutans secara in vitro dibandingkan Ciprofloxacin. Kata Kunci: Ekstrak cengkeh, Streptococcus mutans.   Abstract: Clove oil is useful as a natural antibacterial agent, essential oil of clove has anesthetic and antimicrobial effect. Substances contained in clove called eugenol can kill bacteria including antibiotic resistant bacteria, one of which is the bacteria Streptococcus mutans. This bacteria is a major cause for caries. The purpose of this study was to mengetahui clove extrack antibacterial effects againts Streptococcus mutans bacteria in vitro. This study is an experimental study using a post test only control group design. This research try using clove extract with a concentration of 40%, 60%, and 80%, Ciprofloxacin, aquades repetition five times. Data collected and analyzed by one-way ANOVA and post-hoc LSD test (α = 0.05). Based on the results of the statistical test to test the effects of anti-bacterial research clove extracts against Streptococcus mutans bacteria in vitro, can disimpulkaan that clove extracts have antibacterial effects in inhibiting the growth of Streptococcus mutans bacteria in vitro.further test result post-hoc LSD test shoved its inhibitory clove extract 40%, 60%, 80% smaller (p<0,05)in hibiting Streptococcus mutans in vitro compared Ciprofloxacin. Keywords: clove extract, Streptococcus mutans

scholarly journals Co-culture with leukemia cells decreases proliferation and increases chemoprotective capacity of normal mesenchymal stromal cells

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruixia Hou ◽  
Wanfang Yang ◽  
Yaofang Zhang ◽  
Xiuhua Chen ◽  
Fanggang Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Healthy Donor ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Leukemia Cells ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Functional Components

Abstract Background Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) are essential structural and functional components of the BM microenvironment and play an important role in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) pathogenesis. BM-MSCs isolated from AML patients (AML-MSCs) show distinct signatures from normal BM-MSCs. However, the exact abnormalities of AML-MSCs and the origin of these abnormalities are still unknown.Methods In this study, we evaluated the proliferative activity of AML-MSCs, and the influence of leukemia cells (LCs) on BM-MSCs. These two cell types were co-cultured using an in vitro co-culture system, and the biological functions of AML-MSCs, healthy donor derived MSCs (HD-MSCs), and LC-treated HD-MSCs (LCtrHD-MSCs) were compared by flow cytometry, and CCK-8 and chemotaxis assays. Student t-test (between two groups) and one-way ANOVA (more than 2 groups) were used to compare differences. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to assess correlations between two factors.Results AML-MSCs display a significant proliferative deficiency, which correlates with primary leukemic blast cell counts but not with patients’ age. Inhibition of BM-MSC proliferation could be induced by leukemia cells through direct contact. Co-cultured leukemia cells also increase expression of several inflammatory cytokines, and chemokines in BM-MSCs. Furthermore, LCtrHD-MSCs reduced apoptosis, and increased migration and chemoresistance in co-cultured AML cells, comparable with AML-MSCs.Conclusions Our results showed that leukemia cells can induce healthy donor derived BM-MSCs to exhibit AML-MSC-like characteristics and indicated that AML-MSC abnormalities may be partly induced by leukemia cells.

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