Evaluation of the Response of Odontogenic Keratocysts to Tube Decompression: A Clinical and Radiographic Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 619-630
Author(s):  
Dr.Shehab Ahmed Hamad ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Study ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Odontogenic Cysts ◽  
Preliminary Treatment ◽  
Radiographic Study ◽  
Initial Size ◽  
High Tendency ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
The Mean

Background and Objectives: Keratocyst is the most aggressive entity of odontogenic cysts with a high tendency to recure after enucleation. This study was conducted to assess the effect of decompression in inducing cyst shrinkage before enucleation. Materials and Methods: A prospective non-randomized study was conducted on 11 patients with odontogenic keratocyst the department of maxillofacial surgery, university-affiliated teaching hospital, between February 2016 to March 2021. There were 8 males and 3 females, with a mean age of 57 years. Tube decompression was conducted as a preliminary treatment, before enucleation. The size of the cyst was measured on orthopantomograph, before, during, and after decompression. The percentage of reduction was calculated, as well as, the correlation of cyst regression with the initial size of the lesion and age of the patient. Results: The mean duration time of decompression was 208 days (152-316). The pre- and post-decompression size of the cysts was 14.51 cm2 (5.63 cm2 -32.37 cm2) and 6.69 cm2 (1.76 cm2-14.81 cm2), respectively. The total and monthly percentage of reduction in the size of the cysts was 54.39% (37.29%-76.37%) and 7.84% (4.45%-11.27%), respectively. The initial size of the lesion has no significant correlation with the percentage of reduction, whereas the age of the patients showed a significant negative correlation with the percentage of reduction. Conclusion: Decompression is a well-tolerated conservative treatment, which leads to marked reduction in cyst dimensions. It induces shrinkage of the cyst away from anatomical structures, to reduce the morbidity associated with subsequent surgical treatment.

Efficacy and Safety of Oral Ivermectin and Topical Permethrin in the Treatment of Scabies

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Mohsena Akhter ◽  
Ishrat Bhuiyan ◽  
Zulfiqer Hossain Khan ◽  
Mahfuza Akhter ◽  
Gulam Kazem Ali Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Sarcoptes Scabiei ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Common Skin ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B

Background: Scabies is one of the most common skin diseases in our country. It is caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei var hominis, which is an ecto-parasite infesting the epidermis. Scabies is highly contagious. Prevalence is high in congested or densely populated areas. Individuals with close contact with an affected person should be treated with scabicidal which is available in both oral and topical formulations. The only oral but highly effective scabicidal known to date is Ivermectin. Amongst topical preparations, Permethrin 5 % cream is the treatment of choice. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy & safety of oral Ivermectin compared to topical Permethrin in the treatment of scabies. Methodology: This prospective, non-randomized study was conducted at the out-patient department of Dermatology and Venereology of Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College & Hospital over a period of 6 months, from August 2016 to January 2017. The study population consisted of one hundred patients having scabies, enrolled according to inclusion criteria. They were divided into two groups. group A was subjected to oral Ivermectin and the group B to Permethrin 5% cream. Patients were followed up on day 7 and 14 for assessment of efficacy and safety. Result: The mean scoring with SD in group A (Ivermectin) and group B (Permethrin) were 8.26 ± 2.22 and 7.59 ± 2.01 respectively at the time of observation. The difference between the mean score of the two group is not significant (p=0.117) the mean scoring with SD in group A and group B were 4.54 ± 2.05 and 1.64 ± 1.84 respectively at 7thdays. The difference between the mean score of the two group is significant (p<0.001). The mean scoring with SD in group A and group B were 2.68± 2.35 and .36± 1.10 respectively at 14th day difference between the mean score of the group is significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: Topical application of permethrin 5% cream is more effective and safer than oral Ivermectin in the treatment of scabies. TAJ 2020; 33(1): 41-47

Observation of the Pulp Chamber of Maxillary First Premolars: A Micro-computed Tomographic Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-230
Author(s):  
Gozde Serindere ◽  
Ceren Aktuna Belgin ◽  
Kaan Orhan
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Slice Thickness ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Pulp Chamber ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Chamber Floor

Background: There are a few studies about the evaluation of maxillary first premolars internal structure with micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). The aim of this study was to assess morphological features of the pulp chamber in maxillary first premolar teeth using micro- CT. Methods: Extracted 15 maxillary first premolar teeth were selected from the patients who were in different age groups. The distance between the pulp orifices, the diameter of the pulp and the width of the pulp chamber floor were measured on the micro-CT images with the slice thickness of 13.6 µm. The number of root canal orifices and the presence of isthmus were evaluated. Results: The mean diameter of orifices was 0.73 mm on the buccal side while it was 0.61 mm on palatinal side. The mean distance between pulp orifices was 2.84 mm. The mean angle between pulp orifices was -21.53°. The mean height of pulp orifices on the buccal side was 4.32 mm while the mean height of pulp orifices on the palatinal side was 3.56 mm. The most observed shape of root canal orifices was flattened ribbon. No isthmus was found in specimens. Conclusion: Minor anatomical structures can be evaluated in more detail with micro-CT. The observation of the pulp cavity was analyzed using micro-CT.

PLASMA FREE FATTY ACID AND BLOOD SUGAR LEVELS IN NEWBORN INFANTS AND THEIR MOTHERS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 597-604
Author(s):  
Doman K. Keele ◽  
Jacob L. Kay
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Blood Sugar Level ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Plasma Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
Diabetic Mothers

Simultaneous plasma free fatty acid (FFA) and blood sugar levels were determined for fasting newborn infants during the first 24 hours of life, for their cord bloods, and for their mothers at delivery. The following observations were made. In control infants the mean FFA level rose about three times the cord level after birth and was accompanied by a 25% drop in the mean blood sugar level. Thereafter, the mean blood sugar level remained relatively constant, but the mean FFA level varied from 2½ to 3 times the cord level. There was no significant correlation between the length of maternal fasting prior to delivery and the infant FFA level; there was, however a significant negative correlation between the length of maternal fasting prior to delivery and the infant blood sugar level at 24 hours of age. High FFA levels occurred in the infants of obese mothers and low levels were observed in infants with delayed respirations, in infants of preeclamptic mothers, and in infants of diabetic mothers.

Transanal Hemorrhoidal Dearterialization Versus Stapled Hemorrhoidopexy: Long-Term Follow-up of a Prospective Randomized Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriella Giarratano ◽  
Edoardo Toscana ◽  
Claudio Toscana ◽  
Giuseppe Petrella ◽  
Mostafa Shalaby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Return To Work ◽  
Recurrence Rate ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Stapled Hemorrhoidopexy ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Sh Group ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Complications Rate ◽  
Grade Iii

Aim. This study aims to compare the early and late outcomes of transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization (THD) versus stapled hemorrhoidopexy (SH) for the treatment of hemorrhoidal disease. Methods. From January 2013 to December 2014, 100 patients—50 patients on each arm—were randomly allocated to THD or SH groups. The inclusion criteria were grade III and IV hemorrhoids diagnosed by clinical examination and proctoscopy. The primary outcome was to compare the recurrence rate with a minimum follow-up of 2 years, and the secondary outcome was to compare complications rate, time to return to work postsurgery, procedure length, and patient’s satisfaction between the 2 techniques. Results. The mean follow-up period was 33.7 ± 7.6. The recurrence rate was 4% in the SH group and 16% in the THD group ( P = .04). There was no difference in the intraoperative and postoperative complications rate; the pain score was significantly higher in the THD group. The mean operative time was significantly shorter in the SH group compared with the THD group. Patients in the THD group returned to work or routine activities significantly later compared with patients in the SH group. The overall satisfaction rate was also higher in the SH group. Conclusion. Both procedures are simple and easy to perform for the treatment of grade III and IV hemorrhoids. SH showed better results in terms of lower rate of recurrence, lower postoperative pain, quicker return to work, and higher patient satisfaction.

scholarly journals Outcomes of coaxial microincision cataract surgery versus conventional phacoemulsification surgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-178
Author(s):  
Anu Malik ◽  
Smruti Ranjan Dethi ◽  
Yogesh Kumar Gupta ◽  
Alka Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Corrected Visual Acuity ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Induced Astigmatism ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Surgically Induced ◽  
Group 1

Aim: To compare surgical parameters and visual outcomes of coaxial microincision cataract surgery (MICS) with standard phacoemulsification. Methods: A prospective randomized study was conducted on 60 eyes of 60 patients with age-related uncomplicated cataract who underwent: standard phacoemulsification surgery (30 eyes) i.e., Group 1, or coaxial MICS (30 eyes) i.e., Group 2. Intraoperative parameters were mean effective phacoemulsification power (EPP), effective phacoemulsification time (EPT), and total volume of balanced salt solution (BSS) used. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) were evaluated pre- and postoperatively. Results: Mean BCVA at 6 weeks was 0.04 ± 0.07 in Group 1 and 0.05 ± 0.08 in Group 2. No significant difference was observed in SIA between the two groups. Mean EPT was 29.80 ± 3.67 seconds in Group 1 and 31.93 ± 4.08 seconds in Group 2. The mean total EPP in Group 1 was 35.77 ± 5.17%, whereas it was 33.70 ± 3.05% in Group 2. There was a significant statistical difference between mean EPP and EPT in the two groups. Mean total BSS volume used in Group 1 was 128.83 ± 19.81 ml, whereas it was 139.33 ± 13.57 ml in Group 2. Conclusion: Although EPT and BSS volume used were significantly higher in coaxial MICS, the postoperative results of the two techniques were comparable.

scholarly journals ANALGESIC EFFICACY OF EPIDURAL MORPHINE AND CLONIDINEIN PATIENTS UNDERGOING DECOMPRESSION OF THE LUMBAR CANAL: A PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED TRIAL

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-192
Author(s):  
BRUNO RONCAGLIO ◽  
RAPHAEL FERNANDES CALHAU ◽  
CHARBEL JACOB JÚNIOR ◽  
IGOR MACHADO CARDOSO ◽  
JOSÉ LUCAS BATISTA JÚNIOR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epidural Morphine ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Analgesic Efficacy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lumbar Arthrodesis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Microsoft Office ◽  
Student’S T Test

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the postoperative analgesic efficacy in patients undergoing lumbar canal decompression using epidural morphine and clonidine at the Hospital Santa Casa de Vitória - ES, Brazil. Methods: Prospective, randomized study of 60 patients with stenosis of the lumbar canal up to two levels with surgical indication, in which decompression of the canal was performed in association with lumbar arthrodesis. In group 1 we performed conventional postoperative analgesia and in group 2, in addition to conventional analgesia, we associated epidural morphine and clonidine. We used VAS as a means of analyzing pain intensity at 1, 12, and 36 hours after surgery. The statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Office/Excel and the software GraphPad Prism (San Diego, CA, USA). Results: The mean age of patients was 47 years, and 52% were female. The mean VAS in the first hour, 12th, and 36th hours after surgery in the control group was 5.44, 2.13, and 0.55 respectively. In the morphine-clonidine group it was 6.96; 2.21 and 0.60. Comparing one group with another in its absolute values through the Mann-Whitney test, as well as comparing the pain variations between the 1st and 12th hour (1h X 12h) and between the 12th hour and 36th hour (12h x 36h ) through Student’s t test it became clear that there was no statistical difference between groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The addition of epidural morphine and clonidine to conventional analgesia is not beneficial to reduce postoperative pain in patients undergoing lumbar canal decompression.

scholarly journals Comparison of efficacy between levosalbutamol and levosalbutamol-ipratropum nebulization in mild to moderate childhood asthma

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1952
Author(s):  
R. Ramanathan ◽  
B. Mahalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Childhood Asthma ◽  
Ipratropium Bromide ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Pediatric Emergency ◽  
P Value ◽  
Pediatric Emergency Department ◽  
The Mean

Background: The objective of the study was to compare the efficacy between levosalbutamol and ipratropium combination over levosalbutamol nebulisation in reversing airflow obstruction and improve oxygenation, evaluated using the pulmonary asthma score, SaO2, and PEFR in mild and moderate asthma.Methods: A prospective, randomized, study was performed in RMMCH pediatric emergency department. Children between 6 and 12 years of age who presented with mild to moderate asthma exacerberations were enrolled in the study. They were randomly allocated into two different groups: one nebulised with levosalbutamol alone and another with addition of ipratropium bromide to levosalbutamol. Baseline Peak expiratory flow rate and Final absolute values or change from baseline 60-120 minutes after the inhalation are measured. Patients were evaluated using the pulmonary score.Results: After treatment there is improvement in the mean pulmonary asthma scores and PEFR percentage in A+B group than A group, but it is not statistically significant (p value >0.05). There is statistically significant improvement in pulmonary asthma score and PEFR in each of the groups after nebulisation and pulmonary asthma score has a sensitivity of 66.7% and 65.6% in diagnosing severity of asthma in relation to PEFR.

scholarly journals A Prospective Study of Single Breath Vital Capacity Inhalation Induction with High Concentration of Sevoflurane (Sbvc-Hc) for LMA Insertion in Adults for Short Surgical Cases

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
Kailash Prabhudev ◽  
Naveen Kumar K
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Short Duration ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Inhalation Induction ◽  
Inhalation Anesthesia ◽  
Volatile Anesthetic Agent ◽  
The Mean

Background: Sevoflurane is a new volatile anesthetic agent with rapid induction and recovery. A randomized study was carried to access conditions for LMA insertion using Sevoflurane in 25 ASA I & II patients undergoing short duration surgeries.Subjects and Methods:This prospective study was conducted at Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, SVS Medical College and Hospital, Mahabubnagar, Telangana, India. After obtaining the institutional ethics committee and written informed consent from the patients, 25 subjects of either sex were included in this study. Age of the subjects was 18 to 60 years. Patients received injection Fentanyl 1 – 2mcg/kg prior to induction. All patients were pre-oxygenated for 3 min with 100% oxygen using a fresh gas flow of 81/min. All patients received inhalational induction with 8% Sevoflurane and O2 flow at 8 L/min with single vital capacity breathe technique. Loss of verbal contact was considered as the desired endpoint for induction, which was assessed by the response to calling out the patient’s name. Then the time of loss of eyelash reflex and jaw relaxation was assessed by anesthesiologist. After adequate jaw relaxation, LMA insertion was attempted.Results:The mean loss of verbal contact was 65.40±9.67second, while the mean for time for loss of eyelash reflex and jaw relaxation were found to be 81.20±9.39 seconds and 103.20 ±12.07 seconds respectively. The mean time for LMA insertion was 122.00±15.61 and the mean attempts for successful LMA insertion was 1.12±0.33. LMA insertion was easy in 23 cases as against difficult in 2 cases. In 2 cases transient cough and biting were recorded. LMA insertion was excellent and satisfactory in 88.0 and 12 percent. However, the mean heart rate at 5 minute after induction showed a significant fall at 5 minutes after induction. The mean values of SBP, DBP and MAP did not differ significantly at pre and induction. However, a significant decrease in SBP was noticed at 1, 2 and at 5 minutes.Conclusion:Sevoflurane is an smooth inhalation anesthesia with rapid onset with adequate jaw relaxation for insertion of LMA in Adults for short duration surgeries. Sevoflurane has got good hemodynamic profile with lesser complications owing to choice of inhalation agent for insertion of LMA.

scholarly journals Accurate Measurement of Surface Areas of Anatomical Structures Including Areas with an Irregular Relief: a Modern Solution to the Problem

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 90-95
Author(s):  
A. A. Воробьев ◽  
Yu. A. Makedonova ◽  
A. O. Solov'ev ◽  
D. Yu. D'yachenko ◽  
E. G. Bagrii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Model Reconstruction ◽  
Maxillofacial Region ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Anatomical Region ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
3D Model Reconstruction ◽  
Modern Solution

Relevance. The currently available methods for measuring anatomical areas with irregular relief do not claim to be accurate and easy to use.The aim of the study was to develop a method for measuring the surface area of an anatomical region (substructure) with an irregular relief.Material and methods. There was developed an option to measure the surface area of an anatomical region (substructure) with a complex relief in patients with pathology of the maxillofacial region and perineum using realistic 3D modeling.Results. The principle of the developed method is that, firstly, it is necessary to determine the patient's "zone of interest", where it is planned to measure the surface area; after that, digital photographs of the defined area are taken to obtain a sufficient number of images from the maximum number of available angles using a template with predefined dimensions for scaling. Then the obtained photographs are processed in the program for the 3D model reconstruction, and a realistic 3D model that correctly repeats the relief of the "zone of interest" and guarantees measurements of the surface area taking into account all its individual features is obtained. The method has been tested in obstetrics and gynecology, dentistry, maxillofacial surgery.Conclusion. This technique has been proved to be simple, accessible, fast, highly accurate in measuring the area of anatomical regions with complex relief. At the same time, the investigated object does not need fixation and prolonged immobility. A digital optical device is used contactless, the fact being significant in situations where it is necessary to comply with the rules of asepsis and antisepsis.

scholarly journals The relationship between hopelessness and perceived social support levels of parents with children with congenital heart disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 655-661
Author(s):  
Tugba Nur Oden ◽  
Rahsan Cam
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between hopelessness and perceived social support levels of parents with children with congenital heart disease (CHD). Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with parents of children who underwent surgery for CHD, and data were collected from 100 parents who agreed to participate in the study. A descriptive information form for the sociodemographic characteristics of the parents, “Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS)” and “Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS)” were used to collect the data. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and Spearman’s correlation tests. Results: The mean score of the hopelessness level of the parents participating in the study was 6.15±4.23, and the mean perceived general social support score was 69.55±15.47. There was a significant negative correlation between the hopelessness levels of mothers and social support (SS) received from the family, from significant others, and general SS scores. There was a significant positive correlation between the hopelessness levels of the mothers and the SS level received from the family (p<0.05). Conclusion: In this study, the parents of children with CHD have low levels of hopelessness and perceived SS levels are high. Moreover, the relationship between hopelessness and perceived SS levels varies according to the sex of the parents. In our study, the SS level of mothers had a higher effect on the hopelessness level. It is recommended that the SS levels of the parents of children with CHD should be increased to help them cope with hopelessness.

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