OUTCOMES OF REFRACTORY STATUS EPILEPTICUS IN CHILDREN

Objective: To determine the outcome of Refractory Status Epilepticus (RSE) in children and the factors affecting the outcome. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: High Dependency Unit of Pediatrics Neurology Department at the Children’s Hospital and Institute of Child Health, from Aug 2019 to Mar 2020. Methodology: This study was conducted on the children presenting with refractory status epilepticus. Structured proforma was used for recording predictive factors. Modified Rankin scale prior to the presentation and Glasgow Coma Scale at presentation were documented and compared with the discharge scores. Results: Out of 75 children, 46 (61.4%) were males with mean age of 4.43 ± 3.47 years. Common etiologies were acute symptomatic in 37 (49.3%), progressive encephalopathy in 19 (25.3%), static encephalopathy in 9 (11.9%), remote symptomatic in 4 (5.3%), acute on remote symptomatic in 3 (4.0%), idiopathic and unclassified in remaining patients. Mean time between seizures onset and first benzodiazepine injection was 44 ± 36 minutes. Duration of RSE was <24 hours in 17 (22.7%), 24-48 hours in 15 (20.0%), 48-72 hours in 14 (18.6%), 72-96 hours in 12 (16%) and >96 hours in 17 (22.7%). At discharge 33 (44%) returned to baseline, 31 (41%) developed neurological disability while 11 (15%) expired during the stay. Etiology and duration of status epilepticus had significant impact on outcome with p-value of 0.021 and 0.041, respectively. Conclusion: Acute etiology was associated with higher mortality whereas return to baseline was also fair among survivors. This poses implications for emergency management to significantly............

Download Full-text

Factors Associated with Physical Activity among Medical Students of Jazan University: A Cross-Sectional Study

Global Journal of Health Science ◽

10.5539/gjhs.v9n4p266 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 266 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Husam Eldin Elsawi Khalafalla ◽

Mohamed Salih Mahfouz ◽

Muath Hassan Ibrahim Najmi ◽

Sayyaf Abdullah Mohammad Najmi ◽

Qasem Ali Yahya Arishi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Medical Students ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

High Prevalence ◽

The University ◽

Study Participants

BACKGROUND: Physical activity is one of the most important factors that affect human health; it reduces the chances of hypertension, coronary heart disease, stroke, diabetes, breast and colon cancer, and depression.OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to measure prevalence of physical activity and to determine the factors affecting the level of physical activity among medical student in Jazan University.METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the students of medical colleges of Jazan University. A random sample of 419 was determined using most recent physical activity prevalence. A validated self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection.RESULTS: There is a high prevalence of inactivity among study participants (88.1%). Females (91.7%) were more significantly (p value=0.013) inactive than males (83.8%). The most influential barrier perceived by participants is (heavy) academic work as well as lack of places for physical activity; the latter factor being more effective in hindering female students' physical activity.CONCLUSION: Results revealed that the inactivity rate was very high among medical students. The results of this study call for a well-planned intervention at the university level for improving the level of physical activity among university students.

Download Full-text

Factors Affecting the Surgical Outcome in Extradural Hematoma in Punjab Institute of Neurosciences, Lahore, Pakistan

Nepal Journal of Neuroscience ◽

10.3126/njn.v14i3.20519 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 13-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Azam Niaz ◽

Muhammad Hammad Nasir ◽

Kiran Niraula ◽

Sumra Majeed ◽

Joshan Neupane ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Head Injury ◽

Surgical Outcome ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Affecting Factors ◽

Extradural Hematoma ◽

Hematoma Volume ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Surgical Evacuation

Head injury is a leading cause of death in young age group. Extra Dural hematoma, a complication of head injury, is often fatal if not treated in time. The surgical outcome of EDH is dependent upon many variables including preoperative GCS, time between injury and surgery, associated intracranial injuries, anisocoria and hematoma volume. In order to reduce the mortality near to nil, it is essential to determine the magnitude of effect of affecting factors on surgical outcome which will also help us in preoperative counseling and prioritizing the operative candidates. This study was conducted determine the factors affecting surgical outcome of traumatic intracranial extradural Hematoma in Punjab Institute of Neurosciences/ Lahore general hospital, Lahore. It was a Cross sectional study conducted for 3 years from 28th May 2012 to 28th May 2015.The study was conducted on the patients admitted through emergency and diagnosed as Extramural hematoma. These patients underwent surgical evacuation of EDH on emergent basis and outcome was measured by Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) after 48 hours of surgery. Using GOS, good surgical outcome was observed in 80.9% (157 out of 194) patients. Preoperative GCS, anisocoria, hematoma volume, associated intracranial injuries and time between injury and surgery were the factors affecting the outcome significantly (p value=0.000) while age and sex of the patient had no significant effect. In Conclusion, good surgical outcome is associated with patients with solitary Extra Dural Hematoma of volume less than 60 ml, preoperative GCS more than 8, absence of anisocoria and undergoing surgical evacuation within 6 hours of injury. Nepal Journal of Neuroscience, Volume 14, Number 3, 2017, Page: 13-18

Download Full-text

Menstrual hygiene management practice and factors affecting it among high school females in Ambo City, Oromia state, Ethiopia, 2018: A cross-sectional mixed method

10.1101/806422 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Seifadin Ahmed Shallo ◽

Wakeshi Willi ◽

Abuzumeran Abubekar

Keyword(s):

Mixed Method ◽

Management Practice ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Menstrual Hygiene ◽

Menstrual Hygiene Management ◽

Hygiene Management

I.AbstractBackgroundThough menstruation is normal physiology in the females’ life, if not managed safely, it can interrupt daily activity or it may lead to health problems. Poor water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) facilities in schools, inadequate puberty education and lack of hygienic menstrual hygiene management items (absorbents) cause girls to experience menstruation as shameful and uncomfortable. This study aimed to assess the extent of unsafe menstrual hygiene practice and factors influencing it among school females in Ambo, Ethiopia.Methodsan institutional-based mixed-method cross-sectional study was conducted from March 01 to 15/2018 to collect data from 364 school females, teachers, and investigators observation. To collect the data, self-administered technique, interview, observational and FGD techniques were used. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software version 20. Uni-variate, bivariate and multiple logistic regression analysis were done. With 95% CI, the P-value of less than 0.05 was taken as the level of significance.Resultsthe prevalence of the unsafe menstrual hygiene management practice was 53.6%, which implies urgent response from the stakeholders is of paramount importance. Factors such as the age of the females, frequency of discussing menses with mothers and source of information about menses were variables significantly associated with menstrual hygiene management practice.Conclusion and RecommendationHigh numbers of school females’ menstrual hygiene management were poorly managed. This implies urgent measure is needed from the stakeholders to solve these problems so that sustainable development goal number 3, 4 and 5 will be achieved. To rid off the current problems which school females are facing, comprehensive and different sectors collaboration is important. Specifically, education sectors, water and sanitation sectors, and health sectors bear the frontline responsibilities.

Download Full-text

Factors Related to Adolescent Behavior towards HIV/AIDS Prevention

Kesmas National Public Health Journal ◽

10.21109/kesmas.v13i4.2698 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 197

Author(s):

Yuliasti Eka Purnamaningrum ◽

Ratyas Ekartika Puspita Candra Nugrahawati ◽

Munica Rita Hernayanti ◽

Anne Vajee

Keyword(s):

Sampling Technique ◽

Aids Prevention ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Knowledge And Attitude ◽

Hiv Aids

In 2016 Special Region of Yogyakarta was ranked 9th as the province with the highest number of people suffered from HIV/AIDS especially at Sleman regency. Globally, AIDS was the second leading cause of adolescents’s death aged of 10-19 years. The purpose of this study was to find out factors affecting the behaviour of the adolescents towards HIV/AIDS prevention. This research using with cross sectional study design. The sampling technique which used was stratified random sampling resulted in 59 respondents from 11th grade students at SMA Negeri 2 Sleman were selected as sample. Data were collected using questionnaire and analyzed using Chi-Square test and Multiple Logistic Regression. The result showed that most respondents 66,1% had sufficient knowledge. Students who showed supportive attitude was 54,2%. Information obtained were mostly from electronic media. Thirty one students (52,5%) showed a positive behaviour toward HIV/AIDS prevention. Chi-Square test’s result showed that factors significantly related to adolescent’s behaviour toward HIV/AIDS prevention were knowledge and attitude. Variables most affecting was attitude (p-value=0,008; PR=4,4; 95% CI=1,4-13,1).

Download Full-text

INCIDENCE AND FACTORS FOR MATERNAL SATISFACTION AFTER CAESAREAN SECTION: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal ◽

10.51253/pafmj.v70i6.3520 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 70 (6) ◽

pp. 1717-22

Author(s):

Mobeen Ikram ◽

Saira Mahboob ◽

Sadia Zaineb

Keyword(s):

Patient Satisfaction ◽

Cesarean Section ◽

Final Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Military Hospital ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Patient Dissatisfaction

Objective: To evaluate the factors for perioperative patient satisfaction in parturient undergoing lower section cesarean section, with a view assess anesthesia quality. Study design: cross sectional, analytical study Place and Duration of study: Department of Anesthesiology and Gynecology & Obstetrics, Combined Military Hospital, Okara Cantt for 04 months from January to April 2019. Material and method: A total of 400 parturient undergoing cesarean section were included in our study. The patients were given a questionnaire to fill on discharge. Our outcomes were frequency of patient satisfaction and various factors affecting it. SPSS version 20 was used to analyze data. Mean ± SD was described for quantitative variables and frequency (percentage) for qualitative variables. T-test and chi square used to analyze significance. p-value ≤0.05 taken as significant. Results: A total of 400 questionnaires were assessed in final analysis. The overall patient satisfaction was 382 (95.5%) with 4 (1%) showing dissatisfaction; whereas 14 (3.5%) didn’t answer this question. 395 (98.8%) underwent LSCS under spinal anesthesia. There wasno difference in patient satisfaction in regards to intra-operative concern alleviation, discomfort, previous number of LSCS, parturient age, choice of anesthesia; p value > 0.05. There was higher dissatisfaction in patients who experienced post-operative complaints, most notably pain; p=0.000. Patient satisfaction was higher in mothers who experienced joy on hearing their newborns cries; p=0.000 Conclusion: The overall patient satisfaction in our study was high and only few factors causing patient dissatisfaction which included postoperative complaints most notably pain.

Download Full-text

Awareness about blood donation among donors at a specialized tertiary level public hospital.

Update Dental College Journal ◽

10.3329/updcj.v6i2.31724 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 21-26

Author(s):

Begum Sharifa Akhtar ◽

Nihar Sultana ◽

Saieda Farzana ◽

Reshma Ahmed ◽

Md Golam Rubby

Keyword(s):

Blood Donation ◽

Past History ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

Positive Effects ◽

High Dependency ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Knowledge And Practice

Adequate and safe blood supply has remained a challenge in developing countries like ours. There is a high dependency on family replacement and remunerated blood donors in our environment which carries an attendant increased risk of transfusion transmissible infection. This descriptive type of cross sectional study was conducted at transfusion medicine department of National Institute of Neurosciences & Hospital in Dhaka city during the period January to December 2015 with the aim to assess the awareness about blood donation among donors which includes knowledge and practice of blood donation. A total purposively selected 150 donors were interviewed by using a structured questionnaire which focused on knowledge and practice related variables. The statistical analysis was done by using the SPSS software (Version-21). The associations between the demographic factors were analyzed by using the Chi square test and Fishers Exact test. Among 150 donors, 124 (82.7%) were male and 26 (17.3%) were female donors, the mean age of the donors was 28.4 (± 7.2) years. 78 (52.0%) donors knew about the interval of blood donation and 84 (56.0%) knew about the age limit for the donation, but 86 (57.3%), 71 (47.3%) did not know the required Hb level to donate blood and volume of blood in each donation respectively. More than half (56.0%) had past history of blood donation and 103 (68.6%) of the donors showed positive effects like a feeling of satisfaction after blood donation. There were highly significant association found between blood donation and sex (p value.016). A majority (86.9%) of the donors were willing to be regular donors. The donors showed positive effects like a sense of satisfaction after the donation. Creating an opportunity for blood donation by conducting many blood donation camps may increase the voluntary blood donations.Update Dent. Coll. j: 2016; 6 (2): 21-26

Download Full-text

Alcohol Consumption Practices Among Nepali Migrant Workers in Shah Alam, Selangor

International Journal of Public Health Research ◽

10.17576/ijphr.1102.2021.06 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (02) ◽

pp. 1433-1438

Author(s):

Hasanain Faisal Ghazi ◽

◽

Mohammed Abdalqader ◽

Mohammed Faez Baobaid ◽

Indang Ariati Ariffin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Migrant Workers ◽

Peer Pressure ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Risk Level ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Medium Risk

Malaysia has been considered an industrialized country and there is a demand for manpower in low-skilled jobs which usually filled by migrant workers. Therefore, this study focused to identify the level of alcohol consumption and its associated factors particularly among Nepali migrant workers in Shah Alam, Selangor. A cross-sectional study using a convenient sampling method was conducted among 233 Nepali migrant workers in Shah Alam, Selangor using a self-administered questionnaire. A validated scoring system by DASS 21 and The Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test was employed. The results show that 60.09% of Nepali workers consumed alcohol with most of them are in low (31.43%) and medium (29.28%) risk level for alcohol consumption. The empirical findings reveal a significant association between income, education level, and peer pressure (p value<.001 respectively) with alcohol consumption. However, the study found no association between age, marital status, years of working, and body mass index (p value= 0.44, 0.19, 0.42, 0.40 respectively) with alcohol consumption. In a conclusion, most Nepali migrant workers consume alcohol but in low and medium risk severity for alcohol consumption. The results highlight sociodemographic factors such as income and education as well as peer pressure among important factors affecting alcohol consumption.

Download Full-text

Status epilepticus in adults: A study from Nigeria

International Journal of Epilepsy ◽

10.1016/j.ijep.2014.11.001 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 01 (02) ◽

pp. 069-074

Author(s):

Lukman Owolabi ◽

Aliyu Ibrahim ◽

Alhassan Mohammed ◽

Shakirah Owolabi

Keyword(s):

Status Epilepticus ◽

Antiepileptic Drug ◽

Independent Predictor ◽

Tertiary Hospital ◽

Refractory Status Epilepticus ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽

Metabolic Derangement ◽

Cns Infections ◽

Refractory Status ◽

High Dependency

Abstract Background Status epilepticus (SE) is a common neurologic emergency. Immediate treatment to stop seizure activity and prompt diagnostic evaluation to recognize potentially treatable causes are paramount in the management of SE. Thus, increased awareness of presentation, etiologies, and treatment of status epilepticus SE is central in the practice of critical care medicine. However, there is a paucity of information on SE from Nigeria. Objective We evaluated the clinical profile and predictors of one-month outcome in a group of Nigerian patients with SE. Methodology Patients with SE were recruited from the medical, high dependency unit, intensive care unit and accident and emergency departments of a tertiary hospital from 2008 to 2013. The outcome was assessed using Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS). The outcome, which was categorized into dead (GOS = 1) or alive was analyzed in a multivariate logistic regression model. Result A total of 76 patients was studied. The four most common underlying etiologies were stroke, antiepileptic drug (AED) non-compliance, CNS infections and metabolic derangement. Fifty-nine (77.6%) patients survived. Duration of seizure, delay in initiation of treatment (Odd ratio (OR) = 4.4, 95% CI = 1.17–16.56), refractory status epilepticus (OR = 87.1, 95% CI = 12.94–781.1) were significantly associated with death. On multivariate analysis, however, refractory status epilepticus remained an independent predictor of death. Conclusion Our study showed that the most common underlying etiologies in SE were stroke, antiepileptic drug non-compliance CNS infections and metabolic derangement. Duration of seizure, delay in treatment and refractory the SE were significantly associated with death, but refractory seizure was an independent predictor of death in SE.

Download Full-text

HUBUNGAN PEMBERIAN STIMULASI DENGAN PERKEMBANGAN BALITA USIA 1-5 TAHUN DI POSYANDU SERUNAI VII KELURAHAN VI SUKU WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS TANAH GARAM KOTA SOLOK

Ensiklopedia Education Review ◽

10.33559/eer.v1i3.679 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 283-286

Author(s):

Afridon Afridon

Keyword(s):

Growth And Development ◽

Health Workers ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Stage Of Development ◽

Independent Variable ◽

The Relationship

Factors affecting growth and development are genetic, environmental (prenatal, and post natal), post-natal environments that affect children's growth and development in general can be classified as biological environments. One factor that influences development is stimulation. The type of research used is descriptive analytic with Cross Sectional Study design in which to see the relationship between two variables. The variable in this study is the independent variable is the provision of stimulation and the dependent variable is the development of toddlers aged 1-5 years. Based on the results of research conducted on 34 respondents, it is known that more than a portion (64.7%) of respondents provide developmental stimulation in infants, more than a portion (61.8%) of infants of respondents have appropriate development and analysis results between the provision of stimulation and development under-five children were found to be more than a part (66.7%) who did not provide stimulation that experienced dubious development. While statistically obtained p value = 0.025 ˂ 0.05, which means that there is a significant relationship between those who do not provide stimulation with the development of children who have doubts. It is expected that health workers provide information on how to provide stimulus to their toddlers in accordance with the stage of development of their age so that respondents are able to provide stimulus to their children.

Download Full-text

Menstrual hygiene management practice and factors affecting it among high school females in Ambo City, Oromia state, Ethiopia, 2018: A cross-sectional mixed method

10.21203/rs.2.21563/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Seifadin Ahmed Shallo ◽

Wakeshi Willi ◽

Abuzumeran Abubekar

Keyword(s):

Mixed Method ◽

Management Practice ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Menstrual Hygiene ◽

Menstrual Hygiene Management ◽

Hygiene Management

Abstract Background Though menstruation is normal physiology in the females’ life, if not managed safely, it can interrupt daily activity or it may lead to health problems. Poor water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) facilities in schools, inadequate puberty education and lack of hygienic menstrual hygiene management items (absorbents) cause girls to experience menstruation as shameful and uncomfortable. This study aimed to assess the extent of unsafe menstrual hygiene practice and factors influencing it among school females in Ambo, Ethiopia.Methods An institutional-based mixed-method cross-sectional study was conducted from March 01 to 15/2018 to collect data from 364 school females, teachers, and investigators observation. To collect the data, self-administered technique, interview, observational and FGD techniques were used. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software version 20. Uni-variate, bivariate and multiple logistic regression analysis were done. With 95% CI, the P-value of less than 0.05 was taken as the level of significance.Results The prevalence of the unsafe menstrual hygiene management practice was 53.6%, which implies urgent response from the stakeholders is of paramount importance. Factors such as the age of the females, frequency of discussing menses with mothers and source of information about menses were variables significantly associated with menstrual hygiene management practice.Conclusion and Recommendation High numbers of school females’ menstrual hygiene management were poorly managed. This implies urgent measure is needed from the stakeholders to solve these problems so that sustainable development goal number 3, 4 and 5 will be achieved. To rid off the current problems which school females are facing, comprehensive and different sectors collaboration is important. Specifically, education sectors, water and sanitation sectors, and health sectors bear the frontline responsibilities.

Download Full-text