scholarly journals Religious and Cultural Manipulation of Gender Roles in The Bull and the She Devil by Zeb Un Nisa Hameedullah

rahatulquloob ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 36-44
Author(s):  
Dr. Amna Saeed ◽  
Azan Khalid ◽  
Dr. Syed Shuja'at Ali
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Hierarchical Structure ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Mirror Stage ◽  
Absolute Power ◽  
The Family

This paper attempts to study the exploitation of women that takes place in the rural areas of Pakistan in the name of cultural and religious norms. Its main focus is to do analysis of Zeb Un Nisa Hameedullah’s short story titled The Bull and the She Devil under the Lacanian psychoanalytic model delimited to the Mirror stage. The Mirror stage speculates that an individual recognizes himself in the mirror literally and figuratively. In the short story, Ghulam Qadir, the main character, sees himself in the mirror of his newlywed wife and recognizes his weakness. He projects his weaknesses that mainly surface up after his marriage. He does not realize his own shortcomings; rather he puts the entire blame of his failures upon his wife, Shirin, who is committed to her, and does not resist to him like a typical rural woman of Pakistan. The setting of the story locates the rural area of the Punjab province of Pakistan. Ghulam Qadir gives different labels to her and one of the harsh label he uses against Shirin is Devil. This term reveals the psyche of Ghulam Qadir who conceives his wife as a sign of bad happenings, murders her, and commits suicide in the end. The very term, foremost, reflects the inmost of the Pakistani rural men who hold absolute power in the family and misuse the religious and cultural norms just in order to extend their long established hierarchical structure where woman is mere a subject to them. This study reveals that males of the rural areas of Pakistan express their psychological frustration over women and allege them by taking refuge under the umbrella of religion.

scholarly journals Subordination of Women in Short Story of Kompas Newspaper

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-194
Author(s):  
Sidiq Aji Pamungkas ◽  
Sarwaji Surwandi ◽  
Muhammad Rohmadi
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Community Life ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Democratic Community ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The Family ◽  
Analysis Strategies ◽  
Data Validity

The equality of gender roles between men and women is a problem / polemic due to differences in gender roles. Social agreements place women to be regulated by men in life. This study discusses subordination of women in short story of Kompas newspaper on 2017. This is important to understand because understanding about subordination of women can be used as a standard of behavior to achieve harmonious and democratic community life. This type of research is descriptive qualitative with content analysis strategies. The research data was obtained from short story documents published in the Kompas newspaper in July 2017 to December 2017. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. Data collection techniques use library research techniques. Data validity uses theory triangulation. The results showed that the subordination of women in Kompas short stories in 2017 in the form of a decision to determine the number of children was a man's decision and the decision of a girl's mate was under a man's decision as the head of the family (patriarchal culture).

scholarly journals The Dimensions Of Womens Contribution To The Workforce In Agriculture: The Turkey Case

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bulent Gulcubuk
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Work Force ◽  
Raising Children ◽  
Agricultural Work ◽  
The Family ◽  
Employment Of Women ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Women In Agriculture

In less developed and developing countries, women make less use of the benefits resulting from development. Women take part in every stage of production and also shoulder the difficulties of life loaded onto them by their roles within and outside the family. However, the use, distribution, and management of the income created in the family is unjust, and women do not have access to sources such as loans. Women are negatively affected by both the traditional social class structure and the inequality between the socially defined gender roles and statuses. This situation becomes more apparent for especially women who work in agriculture in rural areas. Although women’s contribution to the workforce is high due to the fact that they work as unpaid agricultural workers in rural areas, the employment of women in agriculture decreases due to the general decrease of employment in this sector. Women working in agriculture cannot continue taking part in the workforce when they leave the sector or when they move to another region. Women who do take part in the workforce, do low status work requiring no qualifications and without any job security.  This may result in women being isolated from work life as well as social life. In Turkey, where social gender roles are shaped by social factors, that is, social gender based distribution of responsibilities, women are usually considered to be responsible for housework and raising children.  To a large extent, the domestic responsibilities of women prevent them from searching for a job and joining the work force. Women are expected to first be a housewife and mother. In rural areas, women are unpaid family workers who do agricultural work as an extension of their domestic work. These features of women’s life in rural areas make it necessary to study, discuss and find solutions to the problems of women in rural areas, and to develop relevant strategies.

scholarly journals SYMBOLIC VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN IN SEPASANG MATA DINAYA YANG TERPENJARA SHORT STORY BY NI KOMANG ARIANI

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomi Arianto
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Symbolic Violence ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive

Sepasang Mata Dinaya yang Terpenjara short story expressed various problems related to the imbalance of social structure between women and men in Bali society. This is done in a structured and continuous to become a convention that is rooted down to the smallest social structure in society that is family. From the problems above, the research defined that the social problems present in those literary work included to the scope of sociological problems in literature work. The formulations of the problems in this research are as follows: 1) What is the scope of symbolic violence contained in Sepasang mata dinaya yang terpenjara? 2) How does the symbolic violence forms contained in a short story Sepasang mata dinaya yang terpenjara? To answer the research question, the researcher used literary theory related with the approach of sociology Pierre Bourdieu. The method used in this analysis is qualitative descriptive. The result of the analysis shows that the short story reveals various problems related to the inequality of social structure between women and men in Balinese society which has been formed in a structured and continuous culture that is rooted down to the smallest social structure in the family. From the dichotomy of these structures then arise forms of symbolic violence adopted from Bourdieu’s terminology. This form of symbolic violence is experienced in layers by agents who have more capital and dominate such as the parents of Dinaya, her husband, and the people who apply the patriarchal culture. This form of symbolic violence is reflected in: symbolic violence by parents (including Dinaya's mother) against her child (Dinaya). symbolic violence of an individual Man (Dinaya's husband) against his wife (Dinaya), and Symbolic Violence by Society (cultural norms) on Balinese women.

دڑدآتا گواچی نا افسانہ غاتیٹی ثقافت نا دروشم

Al-Burz ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-20
Author(s):  
Hafeezullah ◽  
Dr. Abdul Haleem Sadiq
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Nomadic Life ◽  
The Mind

Short story plays a key role to understand the fiction or prose. It's to be said that the short story infuses as a magical in the mind of a reader when it is read simultaneously. It compels the reader to understand the aestheticity of life and truth. This article demonstrates a critical analysis of the great Brahui writer "Gul Bangulzai" entitled as "darda Ata Gwachi. This story basically presents shadow of real life of the Brahui- Balochi people in Balochistan. This paper focuses the nomadic life, the collective grievances and cultural norms dwell in rural areas of the mainland of Balochistan. This paper also exerts an importance of great interest that the author explains the season of the year, blooming of the flower, steppes and plains of Balochistan, and flowing of the rivers in a realistic way. The main objective of this paper is to illustrate all aspects, mentioned in the story in a critical way.

scholarly journals Trabalhadores e famílias rurais na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo: diversificação dos rendimentos e características familiares em 2008

2012 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelly Maria Sansigolo de Figueiredo ◽  
Bruna Angela Branchi ◽  
Angela Antonia Kageyama
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Families ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
The Family

O rural da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo (RMSP) pode ser considerado um caso extremo de rural, altamente integrado com o espaço urbano. O principal objetivo deste trabalho é investigar as condições das famílias rurais na RMSP e contrastar os resultados com as famílias rurais residentes em áreas não-metropolitanas do estado de São Paulo em 2008, focalizando em aspectos relacionados à ocupação, renda, pobreza. Complementarmente, os resultados para2008 são contrastados com os de 2004. A base de dados é fornecida pela Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD) de 2004 e de 2008. As famílias rurais foram classificadas em agrícolas, não-agrícolas e pluriativas e segundo dois cortes geográficos (RMSP e demais áreas rurais do estado de São Paulo). Os resultados indicam que o rural metropolitano é eminentemente não-agrícola, constituído porfamílias ocupadas em atividades não-agrícolas, caracterizadas pela maior presença de jovens, maior escolaridade, empregos formais e acesso a itens como água encanada. No entanto, essas famílias estão em piores condições quanto à renda e pobreza comparativamente às famílias rurais não metropolitanas. A proporção pequena de ocupados na agricultura sugere que a proximidade com a metrópole, apesar de oferecer algumas vantagens para as famílias rurais não representa uma integração rural-urbana, uma vez que a ruralidade da família em torno da ocupação agrícola e da agricultura familiar está muito distante desse grupo.Rural workers and families in the Metropolitan area of São Paulo: earnings diversification and families´characteristics in 2008Abstract: The rural area of the Metropolitan Region of Sao Paulo city (RMSP) may be considered a singular situation of rural area, highly integrated to the urban center. In this context, the main purpose of this article is to investigatethe socioeconomic conditions of the rural families. Aiming to this objective a comparison was undertaken between rural families living in the metropolitan area (RMSP) and those living in other rural areas of the state, with special attentionto occupation, income and poverty. Data base comes from the 2004 and 2008 National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) from IBGE (Brazilian Geography and Statistics Institute), considering two samples of the rural families: type of family(agricultural, non-agricultural and pluriactive); and region (the metropolitan rural area RMSP and the other rural areas of the state of São Paulo). The results suggest that most families in the metropolitan rural area have their membersoccupied in non-agricultural activities. In general, these families are characterized by a stronger presence of youngsters, higher educational level, greater proportionof formal jobs and access to basic public services as piped water. Nevertheless, with respect to income and poverty, these families present worse conditions, when compared to the non-metropolitan rural families. The small proportion of workers engaged in agricultural activities suggests that the proximity with the metropolis does not contribute to a rural-urban integration, given that the rurality of the family, expressed by the agricultural occupation and the family farming, is not a peculiarity of this group.Key-words: rural families; Metropolitan area of Sao Paulo city.JEL: J08; J29.

POLA NARASI PADA ANTOLOGI CERPEN TARIAN SALJU KARABAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-113
Author(s):  
Novi Diah Haryanti
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Main Character ◽  
The Past ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Narrative Patterns

Abstract: This study aims to look at narrative patterns in the collection of short stories "Karaban Snow Dance" (TSK). From the fifteen short stories, the researchers took five main stories, namely the Karaban Snow Dance (Tarian Salju Karaban), The Fall of a Leaf (Gugurnya Sehelai Daun),  Canting Kinanti Song (Tembang Canting Kinanti), Jagoan Men Arrived (Lelaki Jagoan Tiba), and Origami Pigeon (Merpati Origami). Of the five short stories, environmental themes and honesty appear most often. The place setting depicted shows the environment that is close to the author or according to the author's origin. The main characters in the four short stories are children, only one short story Male Hero Tiban (Lelaki Jagoan Tiban/LJK) who uses adult takoh as the main character. The child leaders in LJK only appear in the past stories of the main characters. The five short stories do not show a picture of whole parents (father and mother). The warm relationship between mother and child appears clearly, in contrast to the father-child relationship that is almost negligent. The five short stories also represent how children become heroes for their family, friends, and environment.Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pola narasi pada kumpulan cerpen Tarian Salju Karaban (TSK). Dari limabelas cerpen yang ada, peneliti mengambil lima cerpen utama yakni “Tarian Salju Karaban”, “Gugurnya Sehelai Daun”, “Tembang Canting Kinanti”, “Lelaki Jagoan Tiba”, dan “Merpati Origami”. Kelima cerpen menampilkan tema lingkungan dan kejujuran. Latar tempat yang digambarkan memperlihatkan lingkuangan yang dekat dengan penulis atau sesuai dengan asal usul penulis. Tokoh utama dalam keempat cerpen tersebut ialah anak-anak, hanya satu cerpen “Lelaki Jagoan Tiban” (LJK) yang menggunakan takoh dewasa sebagai tokoh utama. Tokoh anak dalam LJK hanya muncul dalam cerita masa lalu tokoh utama. Kelima cerpen tersebut tidak memperlihatkan gambaran orangtua utuh (ayah dan ibu). Relasi yang hangat antara ibu dan anak muncul dengan jelas, berbeda dengan relasi bapak-anak yang nyaris alpa. Kelima  cerpen tersebut juga merepresentasikan bagaimana anak-anak menjadi pahlawan bagi keluarga, sahabat, dan lingkungannya.  

Socio-Economic Profile of Labour Households in Rural Punjab

2020 ◽  
pp. 306-311
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Family Type ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Nuclear Families ◽  
The Family ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Average Condition ◽  
Economic Profile

The present paper is an attempt to analyze the socio-economic profile of the labour households in rural Punjab. The study revealed that majority of rural labour households belonged to the scheduled caste category. As far as the distribution of sampled rural labour households according to the family type was concerned, it was found that 46.42 percent of the total rural labour households had nuclear families, while the remaining 53.58 percent have joint families. Majority of the rural labourers were living in semi-pucca houses. Further, if we look at the housing condition, 54.72 percent of rural labourers owned the houses of average condition, 40.19 percent owned good condition households and 5.09percent owned dilapidated houses. The analysis further showed that as many as 20.35percentof the sampled labour population was illiterate. A few persons from sampled labour households educated above matric. Although large majority of the sampled labour population were from the working-age group yet the ratio of dependents was high among rural labour households. This was due to lower employment opportunities in rural areas.

Empowerment of Rural Women through SHGs: A Study in Telangana

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (36) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shankar Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Rural Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Rural India ◽  
Group Approach ◽  
Research Article ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Rural Livelihood ◽  
The Family ◽  
Self Help Group

The self-help group (SHG) is a powerful instrument to empower economically backward women of rural India as the women members under the SHG not only can earn income but they feel empowered also. With the launching of Swarnajaynti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY) by the Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India from April 1999, subsequently rechristened as Deen Dayal Antyodaya Yojana–National Rural Livelihood Mission (DAY-NRLM) self-help group approach (SHG) has been given utmost importance in India for the development of rural women mainly focusing on below poverty line households. SHG concept is popular in many rural areas of India as through economic development and subsequently empowering, rural women have got a solid platform. This research article has discussed the how rural women after forming SHGs in Ranga Reddy district (R.R. District) of Telangana were not only earning and contributing to the family but felt empowered also. The study was carried out at Gandipet village of Gandipet Mandal, Ranga Reddy (R.R.) district in September 2017. The some women members of 10 different SHGs were contacted and few individual cases are presented here.

scholarly journals Facilitating co-production in public services: Empirical evidence from a co-design experience with family caregivers living in a remote and rural area

2020 ◽  
pp. 095148482097145
Author(s):  
Eleonora Gheduzzi ◽  
Niccolò Morelli ◽  
Guendalina Graffigna ◽  
Cristina Masella
Keyword(s):  
Home Care ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Care Agency ◽  
Home Care Agency ◽  
Design Experience

The involvement of vulnerable actors in co-production activities is a debated topic in the current public service literature. While vulnerable actors should have the same opportunities to be involved as other actors, they may not have the needed competences, skills and attitudes to contribute to this process. This paper is part of a broader project on family caregivers’ engagement in remote and rural areas. In particular, it investigates how to facilitate co-production by looking at four co-design workshops with family caregivers, representatives of a local home care agency and researchers. The transcripts of the workshops were coded using NVivo, and the data were analysed based on the existing theory about co-production. Two main findings were identified from the analysis. First, the adoption of co-production by vulnerable actors may occur in conjunction with other forms of engagement. Second, the interactions among facilitators and providers play a crucial role in encouraging the adoption of co-production. We identified at least two strategies that may help facilitators and providers achieve that goal. However, there is a need for an in-depth understanding of how facilitators and providers should interact to enhance implementation of co-production.

Family dynamics and gender perspective influencing copreneurship practices

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mário Franco ◽  
Patricia Piceti
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Family Dynamics ◽  
Family Firms ◽  
Business Management ◽  
Business Success ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Family ◽  
And Gender

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand the family dynamics factors and gender roles influencing the functioning of copreneurial business practices, to propose a conceptual framework based on these factors/roles. Design/methodology/approach For this purpose, a qualitative approach was adopted, through the analysis of seven businesses created by copreneurial couples in an emerging economy – Brazil. Data were obtained from an open interview with each member of the selected couples who are in charge of firm management. Findings The empirical evidence obtained shows that the most important factors for successful copreneurial family businesses are professionalization, dividing the couple’s tasks and business management. Trust, communication, flexibility and common goals are other essential relational-based factors for the good functioning of this type of family business and stability in the personal relationship. Practical implications It is clear that professionalization and the separation of positions and functions are fundamental for a balance between business management and the couple’s marital life. When couples are in harmony and considering factors such as trust, communication and flexibility (relational-based factors), the firm’s life-cycle and business success become real and more effective. Originality/value From the family dynamics factors and gender roles, this study focused on one of the most important and integrated family firm relationships, copreneurial couples. As there is little research on the heterogeneity of family firms runs specifically by copreneurial couples, this study is particularly important and innovative in the context of a developing economy, such as Brazil. Based on empirical evidence, this study was proposed an integrative and holistic framework that shows the functioning of copreneurial businesses practices.

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