THE RED BLOOD CELLS CATALASE ACTIVITY IS INFLUENCED BY TARAXACUM OFFICINALE

Natural antioxidants protect cells against oxidative stress, which is directly involved in ageing processes and in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular, neurodegenerative and neoplastic diseases. Taraxacum officinale (TO) due to its rich content of biologically active ingredients has been commonly used in traditional medicine. It contains a wide spectrum of compounds with antioxidant activity. The content depends of parts of this plant. The roots are rich in phenolic and terpene compounds, sesquiterpene lactones, fructosans and inulin, while leaves are rich in substances belonging to flavonoids, phenolic acids, coumarins and vitamins, especially vitamin A. The literature results prove that antioxidant activity of TO depends on several factors including the plant part, the solvent used, as well as the duration of extraction. The aim of this study was to evaluate and to compare the action of alcoholic extracts of roots and leaves of TO on RBC’s catalase activity. Material and methods. Raw Taraxacum officinale plant material consisted of dried leaves and roots were harvested from a natural site. The extracts for analysis were prepared using 20, 25, 40, 50 and 80% (v/v) ethanol mixtures used as solvents. The catalase activity was established by using RBC of healthy persons. Conclusions. Phytotherapeutic herbs and plants continue to play an important role in the discovery and development of drugs. Leaves and roots of dandelion represent a rich source of bioactive compounds for potential exploitation in nutraceuticals and pharmacological sectors. Taraxacum officinale has a high ability to act as an antioxidant. The highest influence on RBC’s catalase activity was reported in case of roots ethanolic extracts of 25%. These actions are realized due to multiple substances, whose content probably depends of ethanol’s concentration. Additional studies are needed to characterize biological activities of these extracts.

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Phenolic Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Plants Belonging to the Cephalaria (Caprifoliaceae) Genus

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10050952 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 952

Author(s):

Małgorzata Chrząszcz ◽

Barbara Krzemińska ◽

Rafał Celiński ◽

Katarzyna Szewczyk

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Lung Diseases ◽

Antioxidative Activity ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Natural Antioxidants ◽

Antioxidant Effect ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Phenolic Composition

The genus Cephalaria, belonging to the Caprifoliaceae family, is a rich source of interesting secondary metabolites, including mainly saponins which display a variety of biological activities, such as immunomodulatory, antimicrobial and hemolytic effects. Besides these compounds, flavonoids and phenolic acids were identified in Cephalaria species. Cephalaria is employed in traditional medicine e.g., to cure cardiac and lung diseases, rheumatism, and regulate menstruation. In this review we focus on the phenolic compound composition and antioxidative activity of Cephalaria species. The antioxidant effect can be explained by flavonoids present in all parts of these plants. However, future efforts should concentrate more on in vitro and in vivo studies and also on clinical trials in order to confirm the possibility of using these plants as natural antioxidants for the pharmacology, food or cosmetic industries.

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Effect of guaianolides in the meiosis reinitiation of amphibian oocytes

Zygote ◽

10.1017/s0967199416000265 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 10-16 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J. Zapata-Martínez ◽

G. Sánchez-Toranzo ◽

F. Chaín ◽

C.A.N. Catalán ◽

M.I. Bühler

Keyword(s):

Biological Activities ◽

Wide Spectrum ◽

Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Biological Molecules ◽

Plant Metabolites ◽

Major Mechanism ◽

Bufo Arenarum ◽

Asteraceae Family

SummarySesquiterpene lactones (STLs) are a large and structurally diverse group of plant metabolites generally found in the Asteraceae family. STLs exhibit a wide spectrum of biological activities and it is generally accepted that their major mechanism of action is the alkylation of the thiol groups of biological molecules. The guaianolides is one of various groups of STLs. Anti-tumour and anti-migraine effects, an allergenic agent, an inhibitor of smooth muscle cells and of meristematic cell proliferation are only a few of the most commonly reported activities of STLs. In amphibians, fully grown ovarian oocytes are arrested at the beginning of meiosis I. Under stimulus with progesterone, this meiotic arrest is released and meiosis progresses to metaphase II, a process known as oocyte maturation. There are previous records of the inhibitory effect of dehydroleucodin (DhL), a guaianolide lactone, on the progression of meiosis. It has been also shown that DhL and its 11,13-dihydroderivative (2H-DhL; a mixture of epimers at C-11) act as blockers of the resumption of meiosis in fully grown ovarian oocytes from the amphibian Rhinella arenarum (formerly classified as Bufo arenarum). The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of four closely related guaianolides, i.e., DhL, achillin, desacetoxymatricarin and estafietin as possible inhibitors of meiosis in oocytes of amphibians in vitro and discuss some structure–activity relationships. It was found that the inhibitory effect on meiosis resumption is greater when the lactone has two potentially reactive centres, either a α,β–α′,β′-diunsaturated cyclopentanone moiety or an epoxide group plus an exo-methylene-γ-lactone function.

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Natural Sesquiterpene Lactones as Potential Trypanocidal Therapeutic Agents: A Review

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1601101036 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 1934578X1601101 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Liliana V. Muschietti ◽

Jerónimo L. Ulloa

Keyword(s):

Natural Products ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Wide Spectrum ◽

Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽

Large Body ◽

Therapeutic Agents ◽

New Drugs ◽

Parasitic Diseases ◽

Marginalized Communities ◽

Allergic Contact

Chagas’ disease and Human African Trypanosomiasis are parasitic diseases that remain major health problems, mainly among the poorest and the most marginalized communities from Latin America and Africa. The scarcity of effective chemotherapy, due to the low investment in the research and development (R&D) of new drugs, together with a high incidence of side effects, and the emergence of drug resistance phenomena emphasize the urgent need for new prophylactic and therapeutic agents. Over the ages, humans have employed natural products to treat a wide spectrum of diseases. Recently, the pharmaceutical industry has focused on plant research and a large body of evidence has been collected to demonstrate the immense potential of medicinal plants as a source of bioactive compounds and lead molecules. In the field of parasitic diseases, drug development from plants has been successful for the sesquiterpene lactone (STL) artemisinin, which is employed as an antimalarial agent. STLs are a large group of naturally occurring terpenoids derived from plants that mostly belong to the Asteraceae family which exhibit a variety of skeletal arrangements and are the largest and most diverse category of natural products with an α-methylene-λ-lactone motif. STLs display a broad spectrum of biological activities such as antitumor, cytotoxic, antibacterial, anthelmintic, uterus contracting, antimalarial, neurotoxic, antiprotozoal and allergic (contact dermatitis) activities. In this context, the purpose of the present review is to provide an overview of the trypanocidal activity reported for STLs against Trypanosoma cruzi and T. brucei rhodesiense over the period 1993–2015.

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Pyrazolyl-Ureas as Interesting Scaffold in Medicinal Chemistry

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25153457 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (15) ◽

pp. 3457 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chiara Brullo ◽

Federica Rapetti ◽

Olga Bruno

Keyword(s):

P38 Mapk ◽

Medicinal Chemistry ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Wide Spectrum ◽

Biological Data ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Pyrazole Derivatives ◽

Intracellular Level ◽

Active Compounds ◽

Privileged Scaffold

The pyrazole nucleus has long been known as a privileged scaffold in the synthesis of biologically active compounds. Within the numerous pyrazole derivatives developed as potential drugs, this review is focused on molecules characterized by a urea function directly linked to the pyrazole nucleus in a different position. In the last 20 years, the interest of numerous researchers has been especially attracted by pyrazolyl-ureas showing a wide spectrum of biological activities, ranging from the antipathogenic activities (bacteria, plasmodium, toxoplasma, and others) to the anticarcinogenic activities. In particular, in the anticancer field, pyrazolyl-ureas have been shown to interact at the intracellular level on many pathways, in particular on different kinases such as Src, p38-MAPK, TrKa, and others. In addition, some of them evidenced an antiangiogenic potential that deserves to be explored. This review therefore summarizes all these biological data (from 2000 to date), including patented compounds.

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The Antioxidant Activity and Phytochemical Analysis of Medicinal Plant Veronica Biloba

Journal Of Tropical Pharmacy And Chemistry ◽

10.25026/jtpc.v5i1.225 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

AMIR HASSAN ◽

Himayat Ullah ◽

Muhammad Israr

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Medicinal Plant ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Continuous Process ◽

Natural Antioxidants ◽

Positive Control ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Uniform Size ◽

Health Related

A medicinal plant veronica genus has 450 well known species and found across both temperate and hemisphere region their 26 species are endemic and known in a total of 79 popular species and are widely utilized throughout the world due to important biological activities. In this study fully powdered uniform size specie veronica biloba plant taken in porous bag were manually subjected to soxhlet hot continuous process for cyclization of extraction using ethanol (300 mL) a concentrated dried extract obtained after solvent evaporation. Furthermore, liquid-liquid extracted fractions as water, dichloromethane, n-hexane, and ethyl acetate yields results founds polar fraction with highest percentage (water 47.51 %). The phytochemical screening of veronica biloba has shown all major compounds entirely present in extracts. One of the primitive phenolic compound flavonoid is present in plant and show potency towards antioxidants. All the extracted fractions of plant showed excellent antioxidant activity using a stable DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl) method at concentration (range from 31.25 to 500µg/mL). Primary our ethyl acetate extract fraction showed highest inhibition potential at IC50 = 1.70±0.05µg/mL which is much closer to a standard positive control Propyl gallate showed IC50 = 1.6±0.05µg/mL percent potential. The purification and isolation of these extract is important which can provide us help in novel antioxidants discovery also natural antioxidants currently in cosmetics products, food and therapeutics health related products significantly demanded because they are very effective, efficient and harmless as compared to synthetic one.

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Comparative analysis of antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds in the fruits of Aronia spp.

Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences ◽

10.5219/1360 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

pp. 393-401

Author(s):

Yulia Vinogradova ◽

Olena Vergun ◽

Olga Grygorieva ◽

Eva Ivanišová ◽

Ján Brindza

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Phenolic Acids ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Polyphenol Compounds ◽

Dpph Method ◽

Ethanol Extracts

Chokeberry (Aronia Medik.) is a non-traditional fruit plant known as a rich source of biologically active compounds and inhibits the numerous biological activities. We compared the antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds of fruits between widely cultivated Aronia mitschurinii (AM-TCH, from Tchekhov district; AM-D, from Dmitrov district; AM-OZ, from Orekhovo-Zuevsky district of Moscow region, Russia) and introduced North American Aronia species (Aronia arbutifolia (AA-M), A. melanocarpa (AML-M), A. × prunifolia (AP-M), which have not been planted yet in the arboretum of Main Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow). Studying samples were collected in their secondary distribution range. Ethanolic extracts were determined for antioxidant capacity (antioxidant activity by DPPH and phosphomolybdenum methods, the total content of polyphenols, flavonoids, phenolic acids) and measured spectrophotometrically. As standards were used Trolox (TE) for antioxidant activities, gallic acid (GAE) for polyphenol content, quercetin (QE) for flavonoid content, caffeic acid (CAE) for phenolic acid content. The antioxidant activity by DPPH method in ethanol extracts of investigated plants was from 6.96 (AM-D) to 8.89 (AM-OZ) mg TE.g-1 DW. Reducing the power of investigated extracts exhibited activity from 151.47 (AM-OZ) to 297.8 (AA-M) mg TE.g-1 DW. The content of polyphenol compounds determined from 25.98 (AM-TCH) to 54.39 (AA-M) mg GAE.g-1 DW, phenolic acids content was from 7.76 (AP-M) to 11.87 (AM-D) mg CAE.g-1 DW and the content of flavonoids detected from 8.12 (AM-OZ) to 16.62 (AM-D) mg QE.-1 DW. Obtained data showed a strong correlation between the content of polyphenol compounds and reducing the power of extracts (r = 0.700), between flavonoids and phenolic acids (r = 0.771) and also between phenolic acids and reducing power (r = 0.753) in Aronia ethanol extracts. Fruits of investigated species of Aronia can be propagated as a source of polyphenol compounds with antioxidant activity and obtained results may use for farther pharmacological study.

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Phenolic content and antioxidant activity of young and mature mango (Mangifera indica) and avocado (Persea americana) leave extracts

International Journal of Phytomedicine ◽

10.5138/09750185.2289 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 181

Author(s):

Félicité Kingne Kingne ◽

Fabrice Tonfack Djikeng ◽

Hermine Doungue Tsafack ◽

Mallampalli Sri Lakshmi Karuna ◽

Hilaire Macaire Womeni

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Mangifera Indica ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Persea Americana ◽

The Body ◽

Hot Water ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Ability To Act

Polyphenols are groups of secondary metabolites in plants, known with their various biological activities, including their ability to act as antioxidants. Due to the side effects of the use of synthetic antioxidants on human’s health, the search for natural less toxic compounds has significantly increased. This study was carried out to evaluate the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of young and mature avocado (Persea americana) and mango leaves (Mangifera indica). Different extracts were prepared by maceration in methanol, ethanol, cold and hot water. The phenolic content of the extracts was determined using the Folic-Ciocalteu Method. A total of three antioxidant tests were done on the extracts: the 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl test (DPPH test), the Ferric reducing antioxidant power and the Hydroxyl radical scavenging activity. Results of these investigations generally showed that the mature leaves of mango and young leaves of avocado exhibited the highest phenolic and flavonoid contents, as well as the antioxidant activity. They can be recommended as good sources of antioxidants to reduce the damages caused by free radicals and reactive oxygenated species in the body. They can also be recommended as a source of antioxidants for the preservation of oils, food containing lipids and pharmaceutical products.

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COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF IN VIVO PLANT AND IN VITRO CALLUS EXTRACT OF CARDIOSPERMUM HALICACABUM L.

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2021.v14i8.42197 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 94-103

Author(s):

THANIARASU R ◽

LOGESHWARI M

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Total Phenolic

Objective: The present investigation focuses on the use of Cardiospermum halicacabum L. in their phytochemical and biological activities. Methods: In this study, in vivo stem and in vitro callus ethanolic extracts of C. halicacabum were tested for their phytochemical attributes by qualitative method, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), antioxidant, antibacterial, and bioactive compound properties. The bactericidal activity of the in vivo stem and in vitro callus extract has been evaluated in both Gram+ve and Gram-ve microorganisms using the disk diffusion method. Results: The highest frequency (78%) of well developed, dark green organogenic callus was induced from stem explant on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.7 mg/l 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) and 0.5 mg/l benzyl adenine (BA). The results of FTIR spectra confirmed the presence of functional groups in wild stem and in vitro callus extract of C. halicacabum with various peaks. The total phenolic content in ethanolic extract of in vivo plant and in vitro callus was 80.46 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g dry weight and 76.4 mg GAE/g dry weight, respectively. The highest percentage of tannins was measured at 78.03 in wild stem ethanol extracts followed by 75.22 in callus extract. The antioxidant activity of 2,2-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) ethanol extract was found to be 206.54 μg/ml. IC50 values of the stem extracts of C. halicacabum are 306 μg/ml and 286 μg/ml in callus extract, respectively. Antibacterial activity of the ethanol extract was higher for Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) with a 17 mm zone of inhibition. Conclusion: The present investigation recommended that the callus ethanolic extract function as a good source of biologically active compounds and natural antioxidants.

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THE STUDY OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF THE HERB ASTRAGALUS GLYCYPHYLLUS L

Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya ◽

10.17816/2072-2354.2019.19.1.27-32 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1-2) ◽

pp. 27-32

Author(s):

T. A Pozdnyakova ◽

R. A Bubenchikov

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Free Radicals ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Natural Antioxidants ◽

Hydroxycinnamic Acids ◽

Biologically Active Substances ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Chain Reactions ◽

Active Substances

Topicality. In the process of originating and development of many diseases, an important role belongs to free radicals, which trigger chain reactions leading to damage of cells and tissues. The natural antioxidants can help to neutralize free radicals, among which phenolic compounds are the most active. The presence of these groups of biologically active substances in the herb Astragalus glycyphyllus L. suggests the presence of antioxidant activity in the phyto-complexes of the studied plant. The purpose of this research was to study the antioxidant activity of extracts from the herb Astragalus glycyphyllus L. Materials and methods. The object of the study was the air-dry herb Astragalus glycyphyllus L. harvested in the period of mass flowering. To obtain the most reliable results of the study, the investugation of the antioxidant activity of extracts from the herb Astragalus glycyphyllus L. was carried out by two met hods: by the method based on the chemical reaction between potassium permanganate and regenerating biologically active substances contained in extracts from the studied plant and by spectrophotometry of free radicals based on the reaction interactions of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl with antioxidants contained in plant raw materials. To establish the dependence between the antioxidant activity and the presence of phenolic compounds in the plant, the content of flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic acids in Astragalus glycyphyllus L. was determined. Results. It was found that all the studied extracts from the herb Astragalus glycyphyllus L. have antioxidant activity, but their values are different depending on the used extractant. In this case, a consistent pattern is observed between the content in the extraction of phenolic compounds (hydroxycinnamic acids and flavonoids) and the magnitude of antioxidant activity. Conclusions. As a result of the conducted research, the total antioxidant activity of extracts from the herb Astragalus glycyphyllus L. was established. Its value was found to be related to the content of phenolic compounds in the plant by a positive correlation. The obtained data indicate the promising use of the herb Astragalus glycyphyllus L. as a source of natural antioxidants. · Keywords: Astragalus glycyphyllus L.; antioxidant activity; flavonoids; hydroxycinnamic acids; free radicals.

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The importance of antioxidants in the protection against mycotoxicoses in farm animals

Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke ◽

10.2298/zmspn1120261j ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 261-268

Author(s):

Mirjana Joksimovic-Todorovic ◽

Vesna Davidovic

Keyword(s):

Free Radicals ◽

Vitamin E ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Animal Health ◽

Natural Antioxidants ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Farm Animals ◽

Physiological Age ◽

Peroxidation Of Lipids ◽

Parasitic Fungi

Mycotoxins are biologically active substances that are synthesized by saprophytic and parasitic fungi, and which, when taken into organism by ingestion, can provoke intoxications known as mycotoxicoses. Farm animals show different susceptibility to mycotoxins depending on various factors: genetic (species and breeds), physiological (age and obesity) and environmental (hygienic and climatic). One of the mechanisms of mycotoxin activities is peroxidation of lipids brought about directly by the production of free radicals or by increased sensitivity of tissue to peroxidation. Peroxidation of lipids provoked by mycotoxins is caused by low level of natural antioxidants, so they have a crucial role in the protection against mycotoxins. Nutritive stress can influence negatively the relationship between antioxidants/pro-oxidants, and mycotoxins are nowadays regarded as leading factors of stress induced by nutrition. This optimal relationship can be regulated by the use of antioxidants in food (selenium, vitamin E, carotenoids, etc.) known to prevent tissue damages caused by free radicals. Selenium and vitamin E are essential nutrients which contribute to the preservation of animal health by realizing mutual biological activities in the organism. This paper presents the findings on mechanisms of the action of different species of mycotoxins and the importance of antioxidative protection in farm animals, as well as the results of our investigations of influence of mycotoxins on the occurrence of some reproductive disorders in pigs.

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