scholarly journals Prevalence of Mycobacterium bovis in some cattle breeds in the aids era: An abattoir survey in Ogun State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-215
Author(s):  
M. A. Oyekunle ◽  
A. O. Talabi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Standard Method ◽  
Cell Morphology ◽  
Seasonal Distribution ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Lowenstein Jensen ◽  
Gross Lesions

Eight breeds of cattle totalling 15520 heads and comprising of 3784 bulls and 11736 cows were examined during slaughter in the two largest abattoirs in Ogun State, Nigeria between January and December, 2007. Samples of lung, liver, spleen, kidney, udder, skin and pleural lymph nodes with gross lesions suspected to be those of tuberculosis were obtained from the slaughtered animals. Each of the samples was processed according to the standard method and thereafter stained by Ziehl-Neelsen’s technique and was microscopically examined for acid fast organisms. Samples containing acid fast bacilli were cultured on Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) medium with pyruvate or glycerol. M. bovis was identified by growth rate, pigment production, colony and cell morphology and biochemical characteristics. A total of 41 heads of cattle comprising of 9 bulls and 32 cows from 7 breeds were positive for M. bovis. No isolate of M. bovis was obtained from Keteku breed and no seasonal distribution of the organism was observed. Among the organs with lesions, the lung had the highest number (18) of M. bovis. The number of White Fulani cattle with M. bovis was highest (13) among the breeds examined.

scholarly journals Distribution of Lesions in Cattle Infected with Mycobacterium Bovis

1996 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana L. Whipple ◽  
Carole A. Bolin ◽  
Janice M. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
The United States ◽  
Primary Method ◽  
Thoracic Region ◽  
Gross Lesions ◽  
Tissue Specimens ◽  
Postmortem Examinations

Detailed postmortem examinations were conducted on 30 cattle from a dairy herd with bovine tuberculosis to determine the distribution of lesions in Mycobacterium bovid-infected cattle. Twenty-four different tissue specimens from each animal were examined for gross lesions and collected for bacteriologic culturing and histologic examination. Tuberculosis was confirmed in 15 cattle with evidence of infection in 1 or more of the following tissues: medial retropharyngeal, parotid, tracheobronchial, mediastinal, caudal deep cervical, and subiliac lymph nodes; palatine tonsil; and lung. Gross and histologic lesions were present most frequently in lymph nodes of the thoracic region. Mycobacterium bovis was isolated from 3 cattle that had no gross lesions of tuberculosis. One animal had lesions only in the subiliac lymph node, which is not routinely examined during slaughter surveillance. Results of this study indicate that not all cattle infected with M. bovis have visible lesions of tuberculosis in sites that are routinely inspected. These findings are important because detection of gross lesions of tuberculosis during inspection of carcasses at slaughter is the primary method for detection of tuberculous cattle and herds in the United States.

scholarly journals Bovine Tuberculosis in the Republic of Macedonia: Postmortem, Microbiological and Molecular Study in Slaughtered Reactor Cattle

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iskra Cvetkovikj ◽  
Slavcho Mrenoshki ◽  
Kiril Krstevski ◽  
Igor Djadjovski ◽  
Branko Angjelovski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculin Test ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Mycobacterium Caprae ◽  
Lowenstein Jensen ◽  
The Republic

Abstract Bovine tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease in cattle caused mainly by Mycobacterium bovis and to a lesser extent by Mycobacterium caprae. The other members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) can also cause the disease in domestic and wild animals and all of them have a zoonotic potential. The main purpose of the study was to determine the presence and distribution of the tuberculous lesions in reactor cattle, and to isolate and identify the causative agents of bovine tuberculosis in the Republic of Macedonia. Lymph nodes and affected organs from 188 reactor cattle slaughtered due to a positive intradermal comparative cervical tuberculin test were analyzed by detection of tuberculous lesions, followed by isolation and molecular identification of the isolated mycobacteria. The isolation was performed on selective media - Lowenstein Jensen with glycerol, Lowenstein Jensen without glycerol and Stonebrink medium supplemented with pyruvate. The molecular identification of the MTBC members was performed by analysis of the Regions of difference (RD1, RD9 and RD4) and detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the lepA gene for Mycobacterium caprae. Typical tuberculous lesions were detected in 62 animals (33.0%) and the lesions were most prevalent in the mediastinal lymph nodes (47.5%). The isolated mycobacteria in the MTBC were identified as Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium caprae and were found in both animals with visible lesions (82.2%) and animals without visible lesions (27.7%). The slaughterhouse postmortem examinations and laboratory investigations should be included on regular bases in order to improve the National eradication program.

scholarly journals Gross and Microscopic Lesions of Naturally Occurring Tuberculosis in a Captive Herd of Wapiti (Cervus Elaphus Nelsoni) in Colorado

1992 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 428-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack C. Rhyan ◽  
Dennis A. Saari ◽  
Elizabeth S. Williams ◽  
Michael W. Miller ◽  
Arthur J. Davis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Caseous Lymphadenitis ◽  
Infected Herd ◽  
Cervus Elaphus Nelsoni ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Gross Lesions ◽  
Immunohistochemical Techniques

A Mycobacterium bovis-infected herd of captive wapiti (Cervus elaphus nelsoni) in Colorado was depopulated after lesions of bovine tuberculosis were confirmed in 8 of 10 tuberculin skin test reactors. Of the 43 animals > 1 year of age, 26 had gross lesions suggestive of tuberculosis, 24 had microscopic lesions of tuberculosis, and 23 had acid-fast bacilli associated with the lesions. Lungs and retropharyngeal lymph nodes were the most frequently affected sites. Most lesions grossly and microscopically resembled tuberculosis in cattle; however, some lesions resembled abscesses or ovine caseous lymphadenitis lesions. Special stains and immunohistochemical techniques labeled few to numerous mycobacteria associated with the lesions.

scholarly journals First approach to molecular epidemiology of bovine tuberculosis in Colombia

2016 ◽  
pp. 5222-5236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jimena Jojoa-Jojoa ◽  
Maira Wintaco M ◽  
Francisco Osorio R ◽  
Gloria Puerto-Castro ◽  
Martha Guerrero-Guerrero
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Mycobacterium Species ◽  
Molecular Assays ◽  
Nasal Swabs ◽  
The World ◽  
Gross Lesions

ABSTRACT Objective. To investigate the presence of Mycobacterium bovis and other Mycobacterium species in samples of cattle and buffalo in Colombia, to start the molecular characterization of M. bovis in the country. Material and methods. 492 samples were collected from herds identified with the presence of infected animals through the PPD, by the Group of Bovine Tuberculosis ICA Colombian Agricultural Institute in eight departments of Colombia. Lymph nodes of head, thorax and abdomen, gross lesions of tissues with tuberculosis, nasal swabs, milk, blood and fresh cheeses were included. Samples were subjected to detection of Mycobacterium bovis and other mycobacteria by conventional microbiological analysis and PCR-6110 and spoligotyping molecular assays. Results. In the samples analyzed especially in lymph nodes, Mycobacterium bovis was demonstrated with genotypes reported and not previously reported in the world, as well as M. tuberculosis in Antioquia, Cundinamarca, Boyacá and Magdalena departments. Conclusions. In Colombia there are at least 7 genotypes of M. bovis that are infected and sick cattle and buffalo from four different departments becoming serious threat to public health.RESUMEN Objetivo. Investigar la presencia de Mycobacterium bovis y otras especies de Mycobacterium en muestras de ganado bovino y búfalino en Colombia e iniciar la caracterización molecular de M. bovis en el país. Materiales y métodos. 492 muestras fueron recogidas de hatos identificados con presencia de animales infectados a través de la prueba de PPD, por el Grupo de Tuberculosis Bovina del Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario ICA en ocho departamentos de Colombia. Se incluyeron ganglios linfáticos de cabeza, tórax y abdomen, tejidos con lesiones macroscópicas de tuberculosis, hisopos nasales, leche, sangre y quesos frescos. Las muestras se sometieron a investigación de Mycobacterium bovis y otras micobacterias mediante el análisis microbiológico convencional y pruebas moleculares de PCR-IS6110 y spoligotyping. Resultados. En las muestras analizadas especialmente en los ganglios linfáticos, se evidenció Mycobacterium bovis con genotipos reportados y no reportados previamente en el mundo, así como M. tuberculosis en los departamentos de Antioquia, Cundinamarca, Magdalena y Boyacá. Conclusiones. En Colombia existen al menos 7 genotipos de M. bovis que se encuentran infectando y enfermando a bovinos y bufalinos de cuatro diferentes departamentos del país constituyéndose en seria amenaza para la salud pública.

scholarly journals Systemic acanthamoebiasis associated with canine distemper in dogs in the semiarid region of Paraíba, Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria T.S. Frade ◽  
Luiza F. de Melo ◽  
Clarice R.M. Pessoa ◽  
Jeann L. de Araújo ◽  
Rafael A. Fighera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Gross Lesions ◽  
Microscopic Findings

Infections by free-living amoebae can cause systemic disease in animals and humans. We describe the epidemiological, clinical and pathological aspects of disseminated acanthamoebiasis associated with canine distemper in three dogs of the semiarid region of Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil. Affected dogs developed progressive neurological and respiratory signs that progressed to death within in two to 20 days. Gross lesions were irregular and with yellow-reddish nodules randomly distributed in the lungs, heart, kidneys, spleen, lymph nodes, adrenals, and intestine. One dog had foci of malacia in the parietal cortex and another one in nucleus of brain basis. Histologically, pyogranulomas with areas of necrosis and hemorrhage in all organs affected were observed, associated with myriads of intralesional amoebic trophozoites. All three cases were concomitant canine distemper, that possibly triggered immunosuppression in the dogs. The diagnosis was performed through microscopic findings of infection by free-living amoebae and confirmed Acanthamoeba sp. by immunohistochemistry

scholarly journals Searches among mycobacterial cultures for antileprosy vaccines

1980 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 1034-1039 ◽  
Author(s):  
C C Shepard ◽  
R van Landingham ◽  
L L Walker
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Regional Lymph Nodes ◽  
Vaccine Protection ◽  
Mycobacterium Bovis Bcg ◽  
Vaccine Site

All mycobacteria species share some antigens, so there may be cultivable mycobacterial cultures that can provide vaccine protection against leprosy. Vaccine protection against Mycobacterium leprae infections in mice has been demonstrated for M. leprae itself, as living or heat-killed suspensions, and for Mycobacterium bovis (BCG), as living suspensions. Results are reported here with 17 other cultures. The mycobacterial suspensions were injected intradermally, and the mice were challenged in the footpad with infectious suspensions of M. leprae. In two experiments the mice were also challenged by footpad injections of 10(7) heat-killed M. leprae so the footpad enlargment could be measured. That some mycobacterial suspensions were immunogenic for some of their own antigens was suggested by reactions at the vaccine site and enlargement of the regional lymph nodes. Some mycobacterial suspensions also stimulated footpad enlargement on challenge by homologous suspensions or by challenge with M. leprae suspensions. Consistent protection against infectious challenge with M. leprae was observed only with BCG and M. leprae, however.

scholarly journals Mycobacterium bovis Infection in Red Foxes in Four Animal Tuberculosis Endemic Areas in France

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1070
Author(s):  
Céline Richomme ◽  
Edouard Réveillaud ◽  
Jean-Louis Moyen ◽  
Perrine Sabatier ◽  
Krystel De Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Host Community ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Endemic Region ◽  
Wildlife Species ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Endemic Areas

In France, animal tuberculosis (TB) due to Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) affects a multi-host community that include cattle and wildlife species such as wild boars (Sus scrofa), badgers (Meles meles), or wild deer (Cervus elaphus, Capreolus capreolus). The involvement of foxes in the epidemiology of TB is fairly described in countries facing multispecies concerns. After the discovery of grouped cases of TB in foxes in a French TB endemic region, a study was implemented in the core of four TB endemic areas in Dordogne, Charente, Landes (departments of Nouvelle-Aquitaine region), and Côte-d’Or (Burgundy-Franche-Comté region). No infected fox was found in Côte-d’Or (n = 146), where in parallel TB in cattle and other wild species became sparse in the last years. In contrast, in Dordogne, Charente, and Landes, 13 (n = 184), 9 (n = 98) and 7 (n = 140) foxes were found infected by M. bovis, respectively, corresponding to 7.1% (CI95% 3.8–11.8%), 9.2% (4.3–16.7%) and 5.0% (CI95% 2.0–10.0%) prevalence rates, respectively. These infection rates are comparable with those observed in badgers and wild boar in these same three areas (ranging from 9 to 13.2% and 4.3 to 17.9%, respectively), where the number of cattle outbreaks has increased in the last 10-15 years. In each area, the genotypes of foxes’ M. bovis isolates were the same as those in local cattle and other wildlife species. None of the infected foxes presented TB-like gross lesions. M. bovis was found in the mesenteric lymph nodes of 28 foxes (68%). For the 12 foxes where retropharyngeal and respiratory lymph nodes were analyzed separately, M. bovis was present in the respiratory lymph nodes of eight individuals. With regard to excretion, appropriate samples were available for 12 infected foxes from Dordogne. M. bovis DNA was detected in the feces of five of these animals, four of which were infected in the mesenteric lymph nodes. Combined with the knowledge on the biology and ecology of foxes, the results of this study suggest that in areas where infection in cattle is still active in France, foxes might play a role of spillover host in the epidemiology of M. bovis.

Generalized Amyloidosis in Rhesus Monkeys

1986 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Blanchard ◽  
G. B. Baskin ◽  
E. A. Watson
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Large Intestine ◽  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Muscle Wasting ◽  
Histologic Examination ◽  
Active Colitis ◽  
Gross Lesions

Necropsy materials from 57 cases of generalized amyloidosis in rhesus monkeys were reviewed. Clinically, animals with the disease were characterized by cachexia with muscle wasting, recurrent diarrhea, and arthritis. Gross lesions included hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, chronic/active colitis, fibrous strictures of the cecocolic junction, osteoarthritis, and generalized muscle atrophy. Histologic examination revealed minimal to severe deposits of amyloid in the small intestine (100%), spleen (93%), large intestine (67%), liver (40%), lymph nodes (71%), stomach and/or adrenal gland (32%). More amyloid was deposited in the spleen, liver, and small intestine than in other organs. Shigella sp. were isolated from feces in 23% of the cases and 84% had histologic evidence of colitis. Other findings indicated that 100% of the animals had lung mites, 25% had strictures of the cecocolic junction, and 40% had osteoarthritis. Thirty percent of the cases occurred in animals 10 months to 5 years of age, 10% in ages 6 to 10 years, and 60% in animals greater than 10 years old.

Pathology of the Mononuclear Cell Leukemia of Fischer Rats. I. Morphologic Studies

1983 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 698-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Stromberg ◽  
L. M. Vogtsberger
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mononuclear Cell ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Extramedullary Hematopoiesis ◽  
Cell Leukemia ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Lymphoid Depletion ◽  
Gross Lesions ◽  
Red Pulp

Pathological evaluations were done on 205 rats with mononuclear cell leukemia. Leukemia was diagnosed in 22.2% of males and 20.4% of females with significant risk beginning at 20 months of age. Mononuclear cell leukemia was responsible for 50% of early deaths in two-year studies. Clinically, rats became depressed, pale, icteric and had palpably enlarged spleens. Gross lesions included splenomegaly, enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes, and mottled livers. Hemorrhages occurred in the lungs, brain, and lymph nodes. Histological examination demonstrated that spleen and liver were most consistently and seriously involved, although numerous other organs contained leukemic infiltrates of variable severity. Spleens exhibited diffuse leukemic infiltration of the red pulp, follicular lymphoid depletion, and decrease in both extramedullary hematopoiesis and hemosiderin. Liver lesions consisted of diffuse centrilobular degeneration and necrosis. Erythrophagocytosis by tumor cells was common in the spleen and observed in liver, lymph nodes, and adrenals. The disease appeared to originate in the spleen. Bone marrow infiltration occurred late relative to spleen involvement and was present in less than half of the rats.

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