scholarly journals Possibilities of restoring of the morphofunctional state and microbiome of the skin with complex cosmeceutical care

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Н.В. Зильберберг
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Moisture Loss ◽  
Skin Microbiota ◽  
Sensitive Skin ◽  
Protective Function ◽  
Skin Changes ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Ceramide Synthesis ◽  
Antimicrobial Protection ◽  
The Face

Дефицит жироподобных компонентов приводит к истончению гидролипидной пленки рогового слоя эпидермиса и повышению его проницаемости, развитию сухости кожи за счет увеличения трансэпидермальной потери влаги. У лиц с сухой и чувствительной кожей, склонной к раздражению, нарушение синтеза церамидов приводит не только к разрушению защитной липидной мантии, но и к снижению антимикробной защиты кожного покрова, изменению микробиоты кожи за счет колонизации условно-патогенными и патогенными бактериями. В статье обобщен клинический опыт комплексного применения новых косметических средств для ухода за сухой и чувствительной кожей лица, склонной к раздражению. Динамические клинические наблюдения, а также результаты оценки морфофункционального состояния кожи (увлажненность, питание, трансэпидермальная потеря влаги, рН-метрия, эластичность) доказывают целесообразность использования линейки специализированных косметических средств для восстановления защитной функции кожи и их благотворное влияние на видовой состав микробиома кожи лица. A deficiency of fat-like components leads to a thinning of the hydrolipidic film of the stratum corneum of the epidermis and an increase in its permeability, the development of dry skin due to an increase in transepidermal moisture loss. In persons with dry and sensitive skin prone to irritation, a violation of ceramide synthesis leads not only to the destruction of the protective lipid mantle, but also to a decrease in the antimicrobial protection of the skin, changes in the skin microbiota due to colonization by opportunistic and pathogenic bacteria. The article summarizes the clinical experience of the complex application of new cosmetics for the face for the care of dry and sensitive skin prone to irritation. Dynamic clinical observations, as well as the results of the assessment of the morphofunctional state of the skin (hydration, nutrition, transepidermal moisture loss, pH-metric, elasticity), prove the feasibility of using a line of specialized cosmetics to restore the protective function of the skin and a beneficial effect on the species composition of the microbiome of the facial skin.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial peptides in patients with anorexia nervosa: comparison with healthy controls and the impact of weight gain

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Christin Bendix ◽  
Michael Stephan ◽  
Mariel Nöhre ◽  
Wally Wünsch-Leiteritz ◽  
Hagen Schmidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
The Impact

AbstractClinical observations show that patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) are surprisingly free from infectious diseases. There is evidence from studies in Drosophila melanogaster that starvation leads to an increased expression of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). AMPs are part of the innate immune system and protect human surfaces from colonization with pathogenic bacteria, viruses and fungi. We compared the expression of AMPs between patients with AN and healthy controls (HC) and investigated the influence of weight gain. Using a standardized skin rinsing method, quantitative determination of the AMPs psoriasin and RNase 7 was carried out by ELISA. Even though non-significant, effect sizes revealed slightly higher AMP concentrations in HC. After a mean weight gain of 2.0 body mass index points, the concentration of psoriasin on the forehead of patients with AN increased significantly. We could not confirm our hypotheses of higher AMP concentrations in patients with AN that decrease after weight gain. On the contrary, weight gain seems to be associated with increasing AMP concentrations.

scholarly journals Microbiome and Metabolome Analyses Reveal Novel Interplay Between the Skin Microbiota and Plasma Metabolites in Psoriasis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongmei Chen ◽  
Jingquan He ◽  
Jinping Li ◽  
Qian Zou ◽  
Jiawei Si ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Skin Microbiome ◽  
Inflammatory Skin Disease ◽  
Skin Microbiota ◽  
Plasma Metabolome ◽  
Pathological Mechanism ◽  
New Evidence

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that affects millions of people worldwide. There is still no effective approach for the clinical treatment of psoriasis. This is largely due to the lack of understanding of the pathological mechanism. Here, we comprehensively characterized the skin microbiome and plasma metabolome alterations of psoriasis patients. We observed that some pathogenic bacteria, including Vibrio, were significantly increased in psoriasis patients. The metabolomics results showed alterations in some metabolic pathways, especially pathways for lipid metabolism. In addition, microbiome-specific metabolites, including bile acids and kynurenine, were significantly changed. Correlation analysis revealed the interplay between the skin microbiota and plasma metabolites, especially between Vibrio and several lipids. Our results provide new evidence for the interplay between the skin microbiome and plasma metabolites, which is dramatically disrupted in psoriasis patients. This study also revealed the mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of psoriasis.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF IMMUNOTHERAPY USING AN AUTOLOGOUS COMPLEX OF IMMUNOPEPTIDES IN THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF PERIODONTITIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (35) ◽  
pp. 381-390
Author(s):  
Andrei SEVBITOV ◽  
Alla DAVIDYANTS ◽  
Roman BALYKIN ◽  
Anton TIMOSHIN ◽  
Mariya KUZNETSOVA
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Immunological Methods ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Antimicrobial Protection

Periodontal disease in the adult population is one of the most pressing problems of dentistry around the world. Thanks to the introduction of modern technologies in practice, it was possible to identify the main mechanisms of the development of this disease at the molecular and genetic level. The interaction of periodontal pathogens with immune factors of antimicrobial protection of the body is the basis of periodontal tissue inflammation and further leads to the destruction of the alveolar bone. Epithelial cells of the gum mucosa play a crucial role against periodontal pathogenic bacteria. Factors of innate immunity play a role not only in antimicrobial protection, but they also support the conditions necessary for the healing and regeneration of periodontal tissues. Therefore, various therapeutic approaches that affect the factors of innate immunity are considered as effective and promising. Clinical examination and determination of factors of innate immunity were performed in 115 patients. Healthy individuals made up a group of 30 people. Patients with chronic generalized periodontitis with varying degrees of severity were 85 people. Each patient underwent orthopantomography on the orthopantomograph Orthophosis XG DS/Ceph (SIRONA Dental System GmbH, Germany) in order to assess the state of the bone tissue of the jaws (the degree of destruction of the cortical layer, the degree of resorption of the interalveolar partitions). Targeted intraoral radiographs were used to assess the state of bone tissue and the quality of surgical treatment. Immunological methods of research were carried out in several stages. The findings of this article make the claim that the use of autologous complex immunopeptides in the surgical treatment of periodontitis reduces the time of achieving a therapeutic effect 2 times, resulting in the rapid relief of the symptoms of inflammation and acceleration of reparative processes.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Automatic Facial Wrinkle Detection Algorithms

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Remah Mutasim Elbashir ◽  
Moi Hoon Yap
Keyword(s):  
Gabor Filter ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Jaccard Similarity ◽  
Skin Changes ◽  
Detection Algorithms ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Facial Wrinkle ◽  
Similarity Indices ◽  
The Face ◽  
Enhancement Method

Facial wrinkles (considered to be natural features) appear as people get older. Wrinkle detection is an important aspect of applications that depend on facial skin changes, such as face age estimation and soft biometrics. While existing wrinkle detection algorithms focus on forehead horizontal lines, it is necessary to develop new methods to detect all wrinkles (vertical and horizontal) on whole face. Therefore, we evaluated the performance of wrinkle detection algorithms on the whole face and proposed an enhancement technique to improve the performance. More specifically, we used 45 images of the Face Recognition Technology dataset (FERET) and 25 images of the Sudanese dataset. For ground truth annotations, the selected images were manually annotated by the researcher. The experiments showed that the method with enhancement performed better at detecting facial wrinkles when compared to the state-of-the-art methods. When evaluated on FERET, the average Jaccard similarity indices were 56.17%, 31.69% and 15.87% for the enhancement method, Hybrid Hessian Filter and Gabor Filter, respectively.

scholarly journals Leprous lesion reveals disturbed skin-resident microbiota

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andréa Nascimento ◽  
Paulo Silva ◽  
Patrícia Costa ◽  
Mariana Reis ◽  
Marcelo Ávila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Massively Parallel ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Healthy Skin ◽  
Skin Microbiota ◽  
Cutaneous Lesions ◽  
Taxonomic Analysis ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing

Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease that remains a major challenge to public health in endemic countries. Increasing evidence has highlighted the importance of microbiota for human general health and, as such, the study of skin microbiota is of interest. But while studies are continuously revealing the complexity of human skin microbiota, the microbiota of leprous cutaneous lesions has not yet been characterized. Here we used Sanger and massively parallel SSU rRNA gene sequencing to characterize the microbiota of leprous lesions, and studied how it differs from the bacterial skin composition of healthy individuals previously described in the literature. Taxonomic analysis of leprous lesions revealed main four phyla: Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria, with Proteobacteria presenting the highest diversity. There were considerable differences in the distribution of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria, with the first two phyla enriched and the other markedly diminished in the leprous lesions, when compared with healthy skin. Propionibacterium, Corynebacterium and Staphylococcus, resident and abundant in healthy skin, were underrepresented in skin from leprous lesions. Most of the taxa found in skin from leprous lesions are not typical of human skin and potentially pathogenic, with the Bulkorderia, Pseudomonas and Bacillus genera being overrepresented. Our data suggest significant shifts of the microbiota with emergence and competitive advantage of potentially pathogenic bacteria over skin resident taxa.

scholarly journals Photodynamic therapy for correction of involutive facial skin changes

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-144
Author(s):  
S. I. Surkichin ◽  
N. V. Bochkova ◽  
L. S. Kholupova
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Transepidermal Water Loss ◽  
Coherent Radiation ◽  
Chlorin E6 ◽  
Skin Changes ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Photodamaged Skin ◽  
The Face ◽  
Group 2

Background.The appearance of the skin is of high social importance, largely determining the behavior and self-confidence of a person. The relevance of methods for the correction of involutive skin changes is growing every year. One modern treatment for photodamaged skin is photodynamic therapy. Objective:the study evaluated the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy using chlorin E6 as a photosensitizer for the correction of involutive changes in the skin of the face compared to using only light exposure. Methods.The study involved patients aged 4060 years with signs of involutive changes in the skin of the face. In group 1 (n=36), patients underwent therapy using only light coherent radiation. In group 2 (n=35), patients underwent PDT using light coherent radiation. Results.According to the results of elastometry, corneometry, assessment of transepidermal water loss, ultrasound examination of the skin in group2, more positive indicators were obtained than in group1. When assessing safety, the results in groups 1 and2 are comparable. Conclusions.The method of photodynamic therapy using chlorin E6 can be recommended for course use in wide clinical practice.

Clinical Observations on the Nervous System

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Aminoff
Keyword(s):  
Motor Neuron Diseases ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
System P ◽  
Clinical Disorders ◽  
Sensory Disturbances ◽  
The Face ◽  
University Of Edinburgh ◽  
Expression Of Emotions ◽  
The University ◽  
Surgical Operations

With his remarkable knowledge of anatomy and his analytical mind, Bell developed into an outstanding clinical neurologist even before the specialty had been invented. Thus it was that in his later years, when finally he returned to the University of Edinburgh as professor of surgery, referrals and requests for consultation were often for him to provide a neurological opinion rather than to perform surgical operations. His clinical observations regarding motor or sensory disturbances involving the face are of particular interest given his interests in the facial expression of emotions and the innervation of the face. Bell described or elaborated on several clinical disorders, although not always recognizing them as distinct entities—Bell’s palsy and spasms; the numb chin; motor neuron diseases; muscular dystrophy; myotonia; various movement disorders (torticollis and writer’s cramp); atlantoaxial dislocation; trigeminal neuralgia; and referred pain.

scholarly journals Characterization of Reactive and Sensitive Skin Microbiota: Effect of Halymenia durvillei (HD) Extract Treatment

Cosmetics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Edith Filaire ◽  
Carole Vialleix ◽  
Jean-Paul Cadoret ◽  
Sophie Guénard ◽  
Cedric Muller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Shannon Diversity Index ◽  
Skin Microbiota ◽  
Sensitive Skin ◽  
Shannon Diversity ◽  
16S Rna

After characterization of the reactive skin microbiota, we investigated whether the active Halymenia durvillei (HD), rich in polysaccharides, could modulate this microbiota after 28 days of treatment, act on neuroinflammation parameters, and calm feelings of discomfort and redness. Skin microbiota was assessed using next-generation sequencing experiments (16S RNA gene fragment sequencing) on samples collected from 30 volunteers suffering from reactive, sensitive skin. To evaluate the effect of the HD extract on neuroinflammation, we used an ex vivo model. Finally, an in vivo study was performed using a clinical assessment (blood microcirculation via videocapillaroscopy) of functional signs employing the Sensitive Scale and the soothing effect was evaluated and compared to a placebo treatment. At the phylum level, the samples were mostly composed of Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes, which accounted for more than 97% of the total sequencing read in all samples, with no differences before or after treatment with the HD active ingredient. The Shannon Diversity index indicated lower microbial communities compared to healthy skin. Maintenance of the Shannon Diversity index was reported after 28 days of HD active ingredient treatment, wherein microbial communities continued to decrease in number during treatment with the placebo. The average taxonomic composition of associated skin microbial communities showed that reactive skin is characterized by a low proportion of the Chryseobacterium genus compared to a high proportion of the Corynebacterium genus. At the species level, Actinobacteria are mainly represented by Propionibacterium acnes (72.13%) and Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii (13.23%), representing species typically observed in clinical cases of redness, the main criteria for volunteer inclusion. Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii, with increased levels being associated with skin redness, decreased with HD treatment. This decrease coincided with the clinical improvement observed after 7 weeks of treatment. The ex vivo study revealed that the HD extract induced a significant decrease in the expression of TRPV-1 (−67%; p < 0.001) and NK1-R (−43%; p < 0.01) compared to the control after 6 days of treatment. These data support the use of polysaccharides, found in red alga, in the treatment of reactive and sensitive skin related to the modulation of skin microbiota.

scholarly journals Addressing decontaminated respirators: Some methods appear to damage mask integrity and protective function

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 1446-1448
Author(s):  
Richard E. Peltier ◽  
Jiayuan Wang ◽  
Brian L. Hollenbeck ◽  
Jennifer Lanza ◽  
Ryan M. Furtado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Protective Function ◽  
The Face ◽  
N95 Respirators

AbstractDecontamination of N95 respirators is being used by clinicians in the face of a global shortage of these devices. Some treatments for decontamination, such as some vaporized hydrogen peroxide methods or ultraviolet methods, had no impact on respiratory performance, while other treatments resulted in substantial damage to masks.

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