Research on Improvement of Rural area Population Spatial Distribution Model Based on Random Forests

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Dong
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Fine Scale

<p>Since the founding of New China, especially since the reform and opening up, China has experienced the fastest economic development and the most profound population migration in history. The large-scale migration of China's rural population and labor force is particularly evident. China's rural population accounts for 40.42% in 2019. China's rural population is large, and urban-rural and regional differences are also large. Due to the current data and information limitations and the characteristics of China's national conditions, there are very few related studies on China's overall rural population.</p><p>Fine-scale population distribution data at the fine scale play an essential role in numerous fields, for example urban planning and management, and disaster assessment and developing population differentiation policies. The rapid technological development of remote sensing (RS) and geographical information system (GIS) in recent decades has benefited many fine resolution population spatialization studies. However, most of the existing population spatialization methods have been studied at the regional or urban scale, and few studies have been conducted on the unit population in rural areas. In view of the fact that existing demographic data cannot meet the actual needs of analysis, management and scientific research in terms of spatial precision, a new population distribution estimation method combining nighttime lighting and residential building attributes is proposed in our study. In view of this, studying the spatial distribution of the population in rural areas is used as the purpose of this article. Based on the night light data, natural city boundaries are determined. A rural area delineation method based on Head-to-Tail segmentation classification combined with administrative village verification is proposed, which provides a feasible method for large-scale automatic extraction of rural area boundaries. Coupled with POI (Points of Interest) data, based on elevation, slope, night light images, and land cover, the population spatialization model of the random forest is developed and improved based on the weight of the house properties and light intensity. Finally, a high-precision population distribution dataset is obtained, which is closer to the actual population distribution. The research results show that based on the proposed population spatialization model, street demographic values can be fitted better, and the basis for more accurate population estimation is laid. It provides a reference for data fusion and is of great significance for rural area development planning.</p>

scholarly journals Modeling Spatiotemporal Population Changes by Integrating DMSP-OLS and NPP-VIIRS Nighttime Light Data in Chongqing, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 284
Author(s):  
Dan Lu ◽  
Yahui Wang ◽  
Qingyuan Yang ◽  
Kangchuan Su ◽  
Haozhe Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Relative Error ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Spatial Optimization ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Mean Relative Error ◽  
Nighttime Light

The sustained growth of non-farm wages has led to large-scale migration of rural population to cities in China, especially in mountainous areas. It is of great significance to study the spatial and temporal pattern of population migration mentioned above for guiding population spatial optimization and the effective supply of public services in the mountainous areas. Here, we determined the spatiotemporal evolution of population in the Chongqing municipality of China from 2000–2018 by employing multi-period spatial distribution data, including nighttime light (NTL) data from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program’s Operational Linescan System (DMSP-OLS) and the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (NPP-VIIRS). There was a power function relationship between the two datasets at the pixel scale, with a mean relative error of NTL integration of 8.19%, 4.78% less than achieved by a previous study at the provincial scale. The spatial simulations of population distribution achieved a mean relative error of 26.98%, improved the simulation accuracy for mountainous population by nearly 20% and confirmed the feasibility of this method in Chongqing. During the study period, the spatial distribution of Chongqing’s population has increased in the west and decreased in the east, while also increased in low-altitude areas and decreased in medium-high altitude areas. Population agglomeration was common in all of districts and counties and the population density of central urban areas and its surrounding areas significantly increased, while that of non-urban areas such as northeast Chongqing significantly decreased.

scholarly journals Spatio-temporal distribution patterns of Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) in a fine-scale agricultural landscape based on geostatistical analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Yu Li ◽  
Yan-Ting Chen ◽  
Meng-Zhu Shi ◽  
Jian-Wei Li ◽  
Rui-Bin Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Geostatistical Analysis ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Fine Scale ◽  
Spatio Temporal

AbstractA detailed knowledge on the spatial distribution of pests is crucial for predicting population outbreaks or developing control strategies and sustainable management plans. The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, is one of the most destructive pests of cruciferous crops worldwide. Despite the abundant research on the species’s ecology, little is known about the spatio-temporal pattern of P. xylostella in an agricultural landscape. Therefore, in this study, the spatial distribution of P. xylostella was characterized to assess the effect of landscape elements in a fine-scale agricultural landscape by geostatistical analysis. The P. xylostella adults captured by pheromone-baited traps showed a seasonal pattern of population fluctuation from October 2015 to September 2017, with a marked peak in spring, suggesting that mild temperatures, 15–25 °C, are favorable for P. xylostella. Geostatistics (GS) correlograms fitted with spherical and Gaussian models showed an aggregated distribution in 21 of the 47 cases interpolation contour maps. This result highlighted that spatial distribution of P. xylostella was not limited to the Brassica vegetable field, but presence was the highest there. Nevertheless, population aggregations also showed a seasonal variation associated with the growing stage of host plants. GS model analysis showed higher abundances in cruciferous fields than in any other patches of the landscape, indicating a strong host plant dependency. We demonstrate that Brassica vegetables distribution and growth stage, have dominant impacts on the spatial distribution of P. xylostella in a fine-scale landscape. This work clarified the spatio-temporal dynamic and distribution patterns of P. xylostella in an agricultural landscape, and the distribution model developed by geostatistical analysis can provide a scientific basis for precise targeting and localized control of P. xylostella.

scholarly journals Micro Finance in Manipur

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-17
Author(s):  
Robita S
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Rural People ◽  
Self Reliance

Manipur lives in villages. The rural population contributes to about 76.12% of the total population. Enhancement in the quality of life of the economically weaker section of the society has been one of the basic objectives of development planning of the State. Rural development, by empowering the rural masses through economic self-reliance, is one of the priority areas of the Central and State Govts. To bring about development in rural areas, the govts. and banks/financial institutions have formulated various programmes and schemes. Micro Finance is one such scheme adopted for the development of rural people.

Cоциальная мобильность и миграционные настроения сельской молодежи региона (по результатам социологического исследования)

2020 ◽  
pp. 227-243
Author(s):  
Nogan V. Badmaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Main Channel ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Life Plans ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
The Republic

The article presents the results of the sociological survey of the young rural population of the Republic of Kalmykia on the problems of migration. The study analyzes the main goals and directions of the migration of young people. The results of the survey showed that the basic factors of the migration from rural areas are low level salaries, lack of work places, undeveloped infrastructure. The low level of social conditions is also one of the factors of migration of young people. The majority of the respondents plan to live in metropolises of Russia. No one of the respondents wants to live in a rural area. Thus, the analysis of the survey results showed that for young rural population the main channel for mobility is migration. It is important to note that rural area settlements have low level of attractiveness and prestige among contemporary young people which is due to low quality and level of life and the lack of preconditions for implementing life plans and strategies of the young people of the region.

Bringing the Internet to the Rural Area

2013 ◽  
pp. 438-460
Author(s):  
Zulkefli bin Ibrahim ◽  
Ainin Sulaiman ◽  
Tengku M. Faziharudean
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Urban Community ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Government ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Malaysia aims to be an information society by the year 2020 can only be achieved if the mass population, that include those who live in the rural area, has the access to use the ICT. This is due to the uneven distribution of the basic telecommunication infostructure between the urban and rural areas in Malaysia that left the rural area to be at the disadvantage to access the ICT. Meanwhile, there are many programs that have been implemented by the government to encourage the rural population to use the Internet, such as ‘Kedaikom’, a community based telecenter serving the rural population. A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate how ‘Kedaikom’ as a community based telecenter could assist in diffusing the usage of the ICT to the rural population. The result from the survey has indicated that the community telecenter could be used to bridge the digital divide between the underserved rural community and the well-accessed urban community. More of the rural population, especially from the younger generation and those with higher education background (irrespective of age) are using the community telecenter to be connected to the Internet.

scholarly journals Plastic surgery in rural area: A report

2005 ◽  
Vol 38 (01) ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
C Alfano ◽  
Agarwal Pawan ◽  
R Kain ◽  
V K Raina
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Plastic Surgery ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Reconstructive Surgery ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Government Medical College ◽  
Specialist Service ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Health Demands

ABSTRACTMost of our rural population does not seek the expensive specialist service of distant city hospitals due to social or financial reasons. Existing health system in rural area is not efficient enough to meet the health demands of such vast population. There is only one Government Plastic surgery unit covering the population of 40 lacs leading to huge backlog of patients waiting for reconstructive surgery. To evade this situation a team of Plastic surgeons from Government Medical College Jabalpur goes to rural areas twice a year and has operated in on nine occasions since last 4 years.The activities and experiences of the last nine visits are reported here.

scholarly journals Spatial Distribution of BTEX and Inorganic Pollutants During Summer Season in Yalova, Turkey

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 565-581
Author(s):  
Lokman Hakan Tecer ◽  
Sermin Tagil ◽  
Osman Ulukaya ◽  
Merve Ficici
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Passive Sampling ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Moran’S I ◽  
Moran's I ◽  
Industrial Sites

Abstract The objective of this research is to determine the atmospheric concentrations and spatial distribution of benzene (B), toluene (T), ethylbenzene (E) and xylenes (X) (BTEX) and inorganic air pollutants (O3, NO2 and SO2) in the Yalova atmosphere during summer 2015. In this study, a combination of passive sampling and Geographical Information System-based geo-statistics are used with spatial statistics of autocorrelation to characterise the spatial pattern of the quality of air based on concentrations of these pollutants in Yalova. The spatial temporal variations of pollutants in the air with five types of land-use, residence, rural, highway, side road and industrial areas were investigated at 40 stations in Yalova between 7th August 2015 and 26th August 2015 using passive sampling. An inverse distance weighting interpolation technique was used to estimate variables at an unmeasured location from observed values at nearby locations. The spatial autocorrelation of air pollutants in the city was investigated using the statistical methods of Moran’s I in addition to the Getis Ord Gi. During the summer, highway and industrial sites had higher levels of BTEX then rural areas. The average concentration of toluene was measured to be 5.83 μg/m3 and this is the highest pollutant concentration. Average concentrations of NO2, O3 and SO2 are 35.64, 84.23 and 3.95 μg/m3, respectively. According to the global results of Moran’s I; NO2 and BTEX had positive correlations on a global space at a significant rate. Moreover, the autocorrelation analysis on the local space demonstrated significant hot spots on industrial sites and along the main roads.

scholarly journals DEMOGRAPHIC PROBLEMS OF THE RURAL POPULATION OF THE PREDVOLZHSKY ECONOMIC REGION OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-348
Author(s):  
A.R. Mukhametov ◽  
I.T. Gaisin ◽  
V.А. Rubtsov ◽  
V.P. Sidorov
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Electric Power Industry ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Economic Region ◽  
Demographic Indicators ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Country People

The study of rural population in the regional context makes it possible to identify demographic problems and analyze the factors influencing the state of rural population and settlements of the republic on the example of the Predvolzhsky agrarian economic region (Predvolzhie) of the Republic of Tatarstan with predominantly rural population. The period for considering the development of the rural population of the economic region was chosen from 1959 to 2019, since the Soviet period of the development of the planned economy and the formation of market relations in agriculture in the republic has its own characteristics and aspects. A significant impact on the rural population of the republic was exerted by the large-scale diversified development of industrial production: the automotive industry, petrochemical production, and the electric power industry. The study reveals the complex impact of historical, geographical, social, economic, transport factors affecting the demographic processes in the rural population of this economic region. The dynamics of changes in the main indicators of demographic processes of the rural population of the Volga region is considered on the example of Apastovsky, Buinsky, Drozhzhanovsky, Kaibitsky, Kamsko-Ustinsky and Tetyushsky rural municipal districts of the Republic of Tatarstan. The article shows the internal territorial differences in the population density of the Predvolzhsky economic region and analyzes the main demographic indicators (birth rate, mortality, decline in dynamics over 60 years), and also reveals positive and negative trends of these indicators using the example of specific municipal areas. The analysis of changes in the dynamics of the rural population and settlements and the reasons for its decrease is presented on the basis of statistical materials of the All-Union and All-Russian population censuses. The article identifies three periods of development of the rural population in the municipal districts of the Predvolzhsky economic region of the Republic of Tatarstan, which reflect the general picture of the vector of development of the rural population of the republic in the period under study. The current crisis state of the demographic indicators of the agrarian economic region shows the need for targeted management decisions in this direction. The research emphasizes that at the moment the country people need economic stability. Existence in rural areas of jobs, the stable salary will allow to stabilize a situation of reduction of country people.

scholarly journals Rural areas from demographic perspective. Study case Poland and Romania

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 162-167
Author(s):  
Cosmina-Simona Toader ◽  
Malgorzata Zajdel ◽  
Andrea Ana Feher ◽  
Malgorzata Michalcewicz-Kaniowska
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Impact

The rural area is an extremely varied area, agricultural area, the area occupied by forests and grazing the surface of non-agricultural lands (Riviera sea, etc.) and rural agglomerations is a separate entity from the urban areas characterized by a high demographic concentration and vertical and horizontal structures. Being often under the impact of old production systems, characterized by accelerated development and irrational of industry, the countryside has been subject to economic transformation, social and environmental, which mostly resulted in exodus and impoverishment of the rural population. Given this situation, are downright remarkable efforts of developed countries and not only to balance rural-urban ratio, reconciliation and revival of rural areas is kept of unique material and spiritual values. Rural areas are the result of interactions between man and nature, between interdependencies relations, who are specific to diversity of social actions and their natural environment, between the material and spiritual civilization, which for centuries coexist and evolve in a particular national territory. Image of rural area is emphasized by its size, which is the synthetic expression of social activities that are conducted using specific processes and phenomena of nature. All specific features of rural areas (natural, human, material and spiritual), which define the dimension of rural areas, are highlighted by the following components of the system: territorial administrative, demographic, economic and infrastructural. European rural area was and is the subject of extensive restructuring processes that were the result of a complex interaction of social phenomena, economic, sectoral and regional transfers. In circumstances where over half of the 27 Member States of the European Union lives in rural areas, and it occupies over 80% of the total territory, rural areas have considerable potential for growth, with a vital social role. Rural population and surface area occupied and the importance of rural life for a country, make the problem of rural development to gain a national and international importance. In this article the authors presents rural areas as an important part of a country with all its components. The authors elaborated a comparative analysis of rural areas from Poland and Romania from demographic perspective. The analysis was elaborated using indicators like population density, population structure by gender and age, migrations of population, relying on data from national and european statistics.  

Bringing the Internet to the Rural Area

2010 ◽  
pp. 19-41
Author(s):  
Zulkefli bin Ibrahim ◽  
Ainin Sulaiman ◽  
Tengku M. Faziharudean
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Urban Community ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Government ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Malaysia aims to be an information society by the year 2020 can only be achieved if the mass population, that include those who live in the rural area, has the access to use the ICT. This is due to the uneven distribution of the basic telecommunication infostructure between the urban and rural areas in Malaysia that left the rural area to be at the disadvantage to access the ICT. Meanwhile, there are many programs that have been implemented by the government to encourage the rural population to use the Internet, such as ‘Kedaikom’, a community based telecenter serving the rural population. A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate how ‘Kedaikom’ as a community based telecenter could assist in diffusing the usage of the ICT to the rural population. The result from the survey has indicated that the community telecenter could be used to bridge the digital divide between the underserved rural community and the well-accessed urban community. More of the rural population, especially from the younger generation and those with higher education background (irrespective of age) are using the community telecenter to be connected to the Internet.

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