scholarly journals Evidence of preliminary prognosis of appearance of catastrophic earthquake and strong tsunami in the region of Tarapacá, Chile

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raissa K. Mazova ◽  
Jorge F. Van Den Bosch ◽  
Natalia A. Baranova ◽  
Gustavo A. Oses
Keyword(s):  
Historical Earthquakes ◽  
Seismic Events ◽  
Tsunami Waves ◽  
Work Support ◽  
Chilean Coast ◽  
Catastrophic Earthquake ◽  
Time Period

Abstract. Are analyzed the catastrophic seismic events near Chilean coast and generated by them tsunami 1 April 2014 to north of Iquique with magnitude 8.2. It is noted that event occurred 1 April 2014 was in fact predicted in work (Mazova and Ramirez 1999), in which there were analyzed all strongest Chilean tsunamigenic earthquakes with sources near the Chilean coast. Analysis of catastrophic earthquakes and tsunamis in given region, localization of source of historical earthquakes and character of generated by them tsunami waves permitted authors in that time to make a conclusion about possibility of repeated catastrophic earthquake and tsunami in near 10–20 years. The events near Iquique and Arica city in April 2014 are in this time period. Thus, the evidences, presented in this work, support preliminary prognosis made by authors in 1999.

scholarly journals A new catalogue of earthquakes in the historical Armenian area from antiquity to the 12th century

1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Guidoboni ◽  
G. Traina
Keyword(s):  
Historical Earthquakes ◽  
Historical Seismicity ◽  
Seismic Events ◽  
Specific Nature ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
New Localities ◽  
History Of ◽  
Catalogue Of Earthquakes

The present contribution describes the method of work, the types of source materia] used, and the historio- graphical and historico-eismic tradition of Armenia. The catalogue' s territorial frame of reference is that of socalled historical Armenia (which included part of present Eastern Turkey, and part of present Azerbaijan). The sources belong to different languages and cultures: Armenian, Syriac, Greek, Arab, Persian and Georgian. A comparison of the local sources with those belonging to other cultures enab]es the historical and seismological I"adition of the Mediterl'anean to be "linked" with that of the Iranian p]ateau, traditionally considered as two separate areas. We analyzed historical events listed in the most recent catalogues of earthquakes in the Armenian area compiled by Kondorskaya and Shebalin (1982) and Karapetian (1991). Important and valuable though these catalogues are, they are in need of revision. We found evidence for six hitherto unrecorded seismic events. Numerous errors of dating and location have been corrected, and several new localities and seismic effects have been evidenced. Each modification of the previous catalogues has been documented on the hasis of the historiographical and literary sources and the data from the written sources have been linked with those concerning the history of Armenian cities and architecture (monasteries, churches, episcopal complexes). On the whole. the revised earthquakes seem underestimated in the previous catalogues. The aim of this catalogue is to make a contribution to the knowledge of historical seismicity in Armenia, and at the same time to underline the specific nature of the Armenian case, thus avoiding a procedure which has generally tended to place this area in a marginal position, within the wider field of other research on historical earthquakes.

scholarly journals VÝJIMEČNÉ ZEMĚTŘESENÍ JV. OD POZNANĚ (POLSKO) ZAZNAMENANÉ 6. 1. 2012

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Havíř ◽  
Jana Pazdírková ◽  
Zdeňka Sýkorová
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Activity ◽  
Historical Earthquakes ◽  
Seismic Events ◽  
Local Magnitude ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Moderate Earthquake ◽  
South Moravia

On January 6, 2012, a moderate earthquake was observed in a region SE of Poznań (local magnitude ML = 3.6 according to Institute of Physics of the Earth, IPE). In this region, there haven‘t been known any historical earthquakes so far, and no natural seismic activity has been observed up to present. Similar rare occurrences of weak and moderate earthquakes were observed in a region near Kaliningrad in 2004 (sequence of events, local magnitude of strongest event being 5.0) and in south Moravia region near Znojmo in 2000 (local magnitude ML = 2.5). These facts show that even in seismically quiet regions occurence of weak to moderate seismic events (with value of magnitude ranging from 3 to 5) could be expected.

scholarly journals GEOLOGICAL-AND-TECTONIC CONDITIONS OF FORMATION AND FOCAL MECHANISM OF TORAIGYR-SOGUETY EARTHQUAKE

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (444) ◽  
pp. 90-101
Author(s):  
A. R. Zhdanovich ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Focal Mechanism ◽  
Seismic Events ◽  
Main Stress ◽  
Catastrophic Earthquake ◽  
Seismic Characteristic

The seismic characteristic of Toraigyr-Soguety earthquake is presented. The significant seismic events of the area are demonstrated including Chilik catastrophic earthquake. Geological-and-tectonic conditions of the epicentric areas of Chilik and Toraigyr-Soguety earthquakes are described. Kinematics of neotectonic faults is considered with respect to directions of main stress axes. Two models of focal mechanism of Toraigyr-Soguety earthquake compare with tectonic deformations of the area.

scholarly journals Hydrogeological Changes along a Fault Zone Caused by Earthquakes in the Moncayo Massif (Iberian Chain, Spain)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 9034
Author(s):  
Eugenio Sanz ◽  
Ignacio Menéndez Pidal ◽  
José Ignacio Escavy ◽  
Joaquin Sanz de Ojeda
Keyword(s):  
Fault Zone ◽  
Elastic Deformation ◽  
Initial Point ◽  
Historical Earthquakes ◽  
Fracture Site ◽  
Seismic Events ◽  
Confined Aquifer ◽  
Discharge Point ◽  
Moderate Seismicity ◽  
Iberian Chain

The response of springs to earthquakes in the zone of moderate seismicity associated with the fault under study (the Talamantes–Castilruiz fault, Soria, Spain) always leads to a flow decrease regardless of the magnitude of the earthquake and the distance from the epicenter. The sensitivity of the springs is explained by the different degrees of the confinement of their aquifers. The semi-confined aquifer of the Vozmediano spring (1100 L/s) experiences short post-seismic events with a variable decrease in flow and an increase in turbidity, depending on the intensity of the earthquakes felt at the site (Intensity). These changes are likely due to elastic deformation and an increased permeability in their aquifers. This spring is an example of how previous (historical) earthquakes can break the aquifer through the fault causing horizontal movements of the groundwater and displacing the discharge point to a different fracture site located six kilometers from the initial point.

scholarly journals Can Repetitive Small Magnitude-Induced Seismic Events Actually Cause Damage?

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver-Denzil S. Taylor ◽  
Alanna P. Lester ◽  
Theodore A. Lee ◽  
Mihan H. McKenna
Keyword(s):  
Potential Risk ◽  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Seismic Events ◽  
Geothermal Systems ◽  
Small Magnitude ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Reservoir Impoundment ◽  
Definitive Statement ◽  
Mining Wastewater

Geoengineering activities such as reservoir impoundment, mining, wastewater injection, geothermal systems, and CO2 capture have been linked directly to induced seismicity. With the industrial boom in natural shale gas production regions previously aseismic areas have seen an exponential growth in the frequency of small magnitude events, with multiple events observed in close proximity within a 24-hour time period. While the overwhelming majority of induced seismic research has focused on the causality, the potential risk posed to critical federal infrastructure has escaped scrutiny. This proposes the question, “Can repetitive small magnitude-induced seismic events actually cause damage?” A review of the potential risk is presented herein, concluding that a simplistic definitive statement of whether single or multiple small magnitude-induced seismic events do or do not cause damage to critical infrastructure cannot be justified, and warrants additional study. However, recent observations and research suggest the likelihood that these geoengineering-induced events can and do cause detrimental degradation of the subsurface (damaging the overlying structure) is not insignificant.

Historical Earthquake Damages to Domed Structures in Istanbul

2015 ◽  
pp. 649-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
İhsan E. Bal ◽  
F. Gülten Gülay ◽  
Meltem Vatan ◽  
Eleni Smyrou
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Historical Earthquakes ◽  
Seismic Events ◽  
Historical Earthquake ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ottoman Architecture ◽  
Hazard Level ◽  
Earthquake Damages

This chapter discusses the domed structures in Istanbul, which are reported damaged during strong historical earthquakes. The attention is focused mostly to their domes, the most important component of the Byzantine and the Ottoman architecture. The significant shakings, together with their estimated epicenters and magnitudes, have been defined and the spatial distribution of the reported damages in the domed structures has been examined. It is underlined once more that the Historical Peninsula, which is where once Constantinople was located, has several vulnerable structures and high seismic hazard level at the same time. Certain structures are quite vulnerable to strong shakings and received significant damages multiple times. The chapter discusses the possible effects of the future seismic events on the historical buildings in Istanbul, based on the recorded damages occurred during the past seismic events.

scholarly journals Repeated historical earthquakes in Sousse, Monastir and El-Jem (Tunisia)—an archaeoseismological study

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miklós Kázmér
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Active Faults ◽  
Historical Earthquakes ◽  
Segment Length ◽  
Seismic Events ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
The North ◽  
Sahel Region ◽  
The City ◽  
East West

AbstractTunisia is known of sparse and moderate earthquakes. However, there are seismically damaged historical buildings in the eastern Sahel region. The Roman amphitheatre of Thysdrus (modern El-Jem), various Islamic religious and secular buildings in Sousse and Monastir testify to seismic events with intensity up to IX (EMS98 scale). We raise the hypothesis that their destruction was caused by the nearby east-west Cherichira-Abaieh Fault and the north-south Monastir Fault. Simultaneity of the 859 AD Kairouan earthquake and extensive restoration works in Sousse 50 km to the east allow assessing magnitude up to 7.2 based on segment length. The city was hit both by the 859 AD and a post-1575 earthquake. Being nearby two active faults, seismic hazard in Sousse is higher than either in Kairouan or in Monastir.

scholarly journals Active tectonics along the submarine slope of south-eastern Sicily and the source of the 11 January 1693 earthquake and tsunami

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1311-1319 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Argnani ◽  
A. Armigliato ◽  
G. Pagnoni ◽  
F. Zaniboni ◽  
S. Tinti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tide Gauge ◽  
Active Tectonics ◽  
Historical Earthquakes ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Tide Gauge Records ◽  
Submarine Slide ◽  
Tsunami Waves ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Run Up ◽  
Historical Accounts

Abstract. South-eastern Sicily has been affected by large historical earthquakes, including the 11 January 1693 earthquake, considered the largest magnitude earthquake in the history of Italy (Mw = 7.4). This earthquake was accompanied by a large tsunami (tsunami magnitude 2.3 in the Murty-Loomis scale adopted in the Italian tsunami catalogue by Tinti et al., 2004), suggesting a source in the near offshore. The fault system of the eastern Sicily slope is characterised by NNW–SSE-trending east-dipping extensional faults active in the Quaternary. The geometry of a fault that appears currently active has been derived from the interpretation of seismic data, and has been used for modelling the tsunamigenic source. Synthetic tide-gauge records from modelling this fault source indicate that the first tsunami wave polarity is negative (sea retreat) in almost all the coastal nodes of eastern Sicily, in agreement with historical observations. The outcomes of the numerical simulations also indicate that the coastal stretch running from Catania to Siracusa suffered the strongest tsunami impact, and that the highest tsunami waves occurred in Augusta, aslo in agreement with the historical accounts. A large-size submarine slide (almost 5 km3) has also been identified along the slope, affecting the footwall of the active fault. Modelling indicates that this slide gives non-negligible tsunami signals along the coast; though not enough to match the historical observations for the 1693 tsunami event. The earthquake alone or a combination of earthquake faulting and slide can possibly account for the large run up waves reported for the 11 January 1693 event.

scholarly journals LOCAL EARTHQUAKE TOMOGRAPHY IN THE BROADER AREA OF WESTERN CORINTH GULF

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 1143 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Karakonstantis ◽  
P. Papadimitriou
Keyword(s):  
Active Regions ◽  
Seismic Events ◽  
Salt Tectonics ◽  
Fluid Circulation ◽  
Corinth Gulf ◽  
Local Earthquake Tomography ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The World ◽  
Fluid Concentration ◽  
Local Earthquake

In this study, we applied Local Earthquake Tomography in order to investigate the detailed 3-D structure within and around the broader region of Western Corinth Gulf which is one of the most seismically active regions in the world. We use data from the 2012-2014 time-period, selecting about 2,000 seismic events recorded by the local seismic stations of Hellenic Unified Seismological Network (HUSN) and the Corinth Rift Laboratory Network (CRLN). Applying Tomographic Inversion, we produce and interpret 3-D models of Vp, Vs and Vp/Vs ratio in the study area. The obtained results shows several distinct structures, namely areas of high and low Vp/Vs ratio correlating the hypocenter distribution with changes in lithology or fluid concentration. In the area of Patraikos Gulf, an ascending velocity volume was traced that could possibly be connected to salt tectonics in the alpine basement, effecting the fluid circulation as well as the behavior of local faults.

scholarly journals Geological background of the 12 May 2008 Wenchuan catastrophic earthquake (Longmen Shan, Western China)

2016 ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
L. Jiao ◽  
N. V. Koronovsky
Keyword(s):  
Fault Zone ◽  
Active Faults ◽  
Historical Earthquakes ◽  
Western China ◽  
Yangtze Platform ◽  
The Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Catastrophic Earthquake ◽  
Longmen Shan Fault ◽  
Dextral Strike Slip ◽  
Strike Slip Movement

Longmen Shan fault zone is located in the special joint between the Triassic Songpan-Ganzi orogen of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and the stable Sichuan basin of the Yangtze platform. In this region there are four major active faults and three tectonic nappes. According to the analysis of neotectonics and historical earthquakes the Longmen Shan fault zone is a dangerous earthquake belt. The rupture system of the Wenchuan earthquake is characterized by thrust and dextral strike-slip movement.

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