Russian information troops, disinformation, and democracy

First Monday ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Lysenko ◽  
Catherine Brooks
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
Political Strategies ◽  
Related Activity ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Strong Case ◽  
Hybrid War ◽  
The Many ◽  
Over Time

This research examines the contemporary landscape relative to information-driven strategies used for global gain by analyzing Russian activities in particular. With Russia functioning as a cause of global democratic disruption, this exploratory project focuses on information-based, computational, and media-related political strategies. The findings provide a way to see patterns over time offering further evidence of ‘hybrid’ warfare identified in recent literature. This work allows readers to connect events in recent years in order to view them together as a strong case of ‘hybrid’ war. These findings also provide scholars, practitioners, and citizens interested in democratic processes around the globe the opportunity to consider the many threats to contemporary political processes, and contributes to ongoing academic conversations about digital political disruptions and warfare. Particularly for readers concerned about political influence via social media and digital security, this study of Russia’s information-related activity as a case of international interference will be of particular interest. 

scholarly journals Pengaruh Promosi Makanan Tradisional Ngai Soya Beancurd Lewat Sosial Media Instagram Terhadap Minat Beli Warga Duta Garden

Prologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 300
Author(s):  
Owen Owen ◽  
Eko Harry Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Cold Temperature ◽  
Traditional Food ◽  
Traditional Foods ◽  
Good Place ◽  
Product Variation ◽  
Promotion Strategies ◽  
The Many ◽  
Over Time

Over time, the culinary world has also experienced significant developments, both from nontraditional foods and traditional foods. Therefore, product variation is one of the things that is not taboo in the culinary world, this can be seen from the many product variations that are dominated by non-traditional foods from various forms of food through the taste and appearance of the product itself. This makes one of the traditional food brands, namely Ngai Soya BeanCurd, want to make product variations, especially for bean curd products, where the presentation given is different from bean curd in general, which is served with ginger sauce as a complement and with hot temperatures but Ngai Soya BeanCurd makes variations in terms of presentation, which is served with a cold temperature. This is a challenge in itself for Ngai Soya BeanCurd in determining promotions to increase people's buying interest in tofu products, one of which is by using Instagram social media as a means to promote these products to be known by the wider community because social media is also a good place or place. for a means of promoting a product. So this research was conducted to determine whether there is an effect of promotion strategies through social media Instagram in increasing purchasing power of the tofu flower brand, namely Ngai Soya Bean Curd. Seiring perkembangan jaman, dunia kuliner pun mengalami perkembangan yang signifikan, baik dari makanan non tradisional maupun makanan traditional. Oleh karena itu variasi produk merupakan salah satu hal yang tidak tabu dalam dunia kuliner, hal ini dapat dilihat dari banyaknya variasi-variasi produk yang didominasi oleh makanan non tradisional dari berbagai bentuk makanan melalui rasa, dan penampilan dari produk tersebut sendiri. Hal ini membuat salah satu brand makanan tradisional yaitu Ngai Soya BeanCurd ingin melakukan variasi produk khususnya untuk produk kembang tahu, dimana penyajian yang diberikan berbeda dengan kembang tahu pada umumnya yaitu disajikan dengan kuah jahe sebagai pelengkap dan dengan suhu yang panas tetapi Ngai Soya BeanCurd melakukan variasi dalam hal penyajiannya yaitu disajikan dengan suhu yang dingin. Hal ini menjadi tantangan tersendiri untuk Ngai Soya BeanCurd dalam menentukan promosi untuk meningkatkan minat beli masyarakat terhadap produk kembang tahu, salah satunya dengan menggunakan media sosial Instagram sebagai sarana untuk mempromosikan produk tersebut agar dikenal oleh masyarakat luas dikarenakan media sosial juga merupakan wadah atau tempat yang baik untuk sarana mempromosikan sebuah produk. Sehingga penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh strategi promosi lewat sosial media instagram dalam meningkatkan minat beli pada brand kembang tahu yaitu Ngai Soya BeanCurd.

Social Media and Disasters

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 41-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Briony J. Gray ◽  
Mark J Weal ◽  
David Martin
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Conceptual Frameworks ◽  
Risk Zones ◽  
Information Reliability ◽  
Over Time

Conceptual frameworks which seek to integrate social media uses into disaster management strategies are employed in a range of events. With continued variations to online practices, developments in technology, and changes in online behaviours, it is imperative to provide conceptual frameworks which are relevant, current and insightful. This paper firstly conceptualizes a range of recent literature through inductive coding and proposes a new conceptual framework of current social media uses. Secondly, the framework is applied to a case study of a multi-hazard disaster: which are predicted to grow in severity and frequency due to climate change, alongside increased habitation of at-risk zones. Storm Desmond 2015 has been selected. Snowball sampling is used to identify networks of interest, and thematic analysis used to track changes in Twitter content over time. Web accessibility and information reliability issues are presented and discussed.

scholarly journals Politicians’ Self-Reported Social Media Activities and Perceptions: Results From Four Surveys Among German Parliamentarians

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 205630511983767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ole Kelm ◽  
Marco Dohle ◽  
Uli Bernhard
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
The Political ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Political Arena ◽  
Mediated Communication ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Over Time

The growing importance of social media in the political arena seems to be in line with the mediatization of politics thesis, which states that mediated communication is becoming more important in politics and increasingly influences political processes. However, how politicians’ social media activities and politicians’ perceptions concerning social media have developed over time has rarely been examined. Moreover, it is unclear how the politicians’ activities and perceptions are related to each other. Referring to theoretical approaches, such as the influence of presumed influence approach, four surveys were conducted among German parliamentarians (MPs) between 2012 and 2016 ( n = 194/149/170/118). The results indicate that the MPs’ self-reported social media activities and perceptions have remained remarkably constant since 2012. Regression analyses indicate that MPs’ self-reported social media activities and perceptions are hardly related to each other. This raises the question whether mediatization processes are indeed driven by politicians’ perceptions about media influences.

Epistemic Ruptures in South African Standpoint Knowledge-Making: Academic Feminism and the #FeesMustFall Movement

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Desiree Lewis ◽  
Cheryl Margaret Hendricks
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Political Thought ◽  
Economic Restructuring ◽  
Student Protests ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Academic Feminism ◽  
The Many ◽  
Radical Knowledge ◽  
Intellectual Activism

Alongside the many structural and political processes generated by the #FeesMustFall student protests between 2015 and 2016 were narratives and discourses about revitalising the transformation of universities throughout South Africa. It was the very notion of “transformation,” diluted by neo-liberal macro-economic restructuring from the late 1990s, that students jettisoned as they increasingly embraced the importance of “decolonisation.” By exploring some of the key debates and interventions driven by the #FeesMustFall movement, we consider how earlier trajectories of feminist knowledge-making resonate with these. The article also reflects on how aspects of intellectual activism within the student protests can deepen and push back the frontiers of contemporary South African academic feminism. In so doing, it explores how radical knowledge-making at, and about, universities, has contributed to radical political thought in South Africa.

Information Component of Disintegration Processes in Spain and Great Britain: the Comparative Aspects

2019 ◽  
pp. 142-154
Author(s):  
Vasyl Karpo ◽  
Nataliia Nechaieva-Yuriichuk
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
World Politics ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Political Propaganda ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
The World ◽  
Ancient Times

From ancient times till nowadays information plays a key role in the political processes. The beginning of XXI century demonstrated the transformation of global security from military to information, social etc. aspects. The widening of pandemic demonstrated the weaknesses of contemporary authoritarian states and the power of human-oriented states. During the World War I the theoretical and practical interest toward political manipulation and political propaganda grew definitely. After 1918 the situation developed very fast and political propaganda became the part of political influence. XX century entered into the political history as the millennium of propaganda. The collapse of the USSR and socialist system brought power to new political actors. The global architecture of the world has changed. Former Soviet republic got independence and tried to separate from Russia. And Ukraine was between them. The Revolution of Dignity in Ukraine was the start point for a number of processes in world politics. But the most important was the fact that the role and the place of information as the challenge to world security was reevaluated. The further annexation of Crimea, the attempt to legitimize it by the comparing with the referendums in Scotland and Catalonia demonstrated the willingness of Russian Federation to keep its domination in the world. The main difference between the referendums in Scotland and in Catalonia was the way of Russian interference. In 2014 (Scotland) tried to delegitimised the results of Scottish referendum because they were unacceptable for it. But in 2017 we witness the huge interference of Russian powers in Spain internal affairs, first of all in spreading the independence moods in Catalonia. The main conclusion is that the world has to learn some lessons from Scottish and Catalonia cases and to be ready to new challenges in world politics in a format of information threats.

Social media and peer-to-peer support for individuals with health care needs and their caregivers: a scoping review (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Kelly ◽  
Shelley Doucet ◽  
Alison Luke ◽  
Rima Azar ◽  
William Montelpare
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Peer Support ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Health Care Needs ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
The Many

BACKGROUND Individuals with health care needs and their caregivers require substantial informational and emotional support. Providing this support is a major challenge for care providers, who are often not able to adequately address barriers and may not be aware of available services and programs. Online P2P support offers an accessible and inexpensive source of support; however, the breadth of these supports on social media has not been previously documented. OBJECTIVE This study was a scoping review of research examining the use of peer-to-peer support on social media by individuals with health care needs and their caregivers. METHODS This review used the PRISMA-SR method to search for articles from 1997 to 2019. RESULTS A total of 94 articles were included. Patients and caregivers use many social media websites for P2P interaction, including: Facebook (n = 19), Twitter (n = 7), and YouTube (n = 6). Providing and receiving informational and emotional support were important uses of social media for P2P support; however, the specific needs and experiences of patients and caregivers appeared to change as knowledge regarding the condition(s) improved. Despite the many benefits associated with participating in online P2P groups, concerns related to ethics, privacy, and the potential to spread misinformation are outlined as risks associated with its use. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that patients and caregivers engage in P2P support on social media to receive informational and emotional support from peers, despite known risks and limitations. Social networking websites were revealed to be particularly suited for P2P support communication.

FLASH MOB AS A MODERN FORM OF SOCIAL AND POLITICAL PARTICIPATION: ANALYSIS OF TECHNOLOGICAL, MOTIVATIONAL AND IDENTIFICATION FACTORS

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 124-143
Author(s):  
D.I. KAMINCHENKO ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Information Society ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Empirical Level ◽  
Mass Participation ◽  
Communicative Space ◽  
Modern Form

Modern digital technologies contribute to the emergence of new forms of social and political activity. One of these forms of participation is flash mob. Flash mobs are able to activate society for mass participation in various political events, which indicates the relevance and necessity of studying flash mobs as a modern form of citizen participation in social and political processes. The purpose of this study is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the flash mob from the standpoint of the intersection of several factors: technological, identification and motivational. The research methodology at the theoretical level is made up of the theory of the information society and the concept of “network identity”, on the empirical level - the method of sociological survey with the subsequent compilation of contingency tables. As a result of the study, it is established how widespread the practice of participation of active users of social media in various flash mobs is. Based on the data on the most significant opportunities for using social media, an interim conclusion is made about the existing motivational attitudes of the participants in flash mobs. Through the use of several determinants of network identity, a number of its properties are identified and considered, which are manifested in the communicative space of social media. It is established that the factor of participation / non-participation in the flash mob is not decisive in the manifestation of the properties of network identity.

scholarly journals Social Media Influencer’s Reputation: Developing and Validating a Multidimensional Scale

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 631
Author(s):  
Eun Ah Ryu ◽  
Eun Kyoung Han
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Opinion Formation ◽  
Consumption Behavior ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Media

Since the introduction of smartphones in 2009, social networking services (SNS), which have seen a surge in users, facilitated changes in the media environment along with social influence that has increased the economic value and political influence of SNS. In particular, as consumers’ media use and consumption behavior change around digital media, social media plays a very important role in consumers’ lives. From this perspective, influencers who influence not only consumers’ consumption behavior, but also decision-making and opinion formation based on social media are attracting attention. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop items to measure an influencer’s reputation as a new source of information in the SNS environment; no previous researchers have presented generalized measurement items for an influencer’s reputation. We intended to identify what dimensions and items in the existing literature could effectively measure a social media influencer’s reputation and to verify each item’s relevance as a measure of a social media influencer’s reputation. Based on in-depth interviews with 30 experts and empirical findings from 557 adults, this study identified dimensions that impact on a consumer’s perception of a social media influencer and developed a scale. The results showed that the social media Influencer’s Reputation scale comprises four distinctive dimensions: Communication skills, influence, authenticity, and expertise. Additionally, the reliability and validity of the scale were assessed, using exploratory and confirmatory analyses and construct validity. The findings confirmed that the social media influencer’s reputation scale measurement items, in this study, can be used as a consistent measurement tool for each dimension. It is also important to develop value in favor of the marketing strategy by increasing value through the influencer’s reputation.

scholarly journals Framing of visual content shown on popular social media may affect viewers’ attitudes to threatened species

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Ballejo ◽  
Pablo Ignacio Plaza ◽  
Sergio Agustín Lambertucci
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Threatened Species ◽  
Social Medium ◽  
Visual Content ◽  
Wildlife Species ◽  
Mammalian Predators ◽  
Negative Comments ◽  
Over Time ◽  
The Way

AbstractContent published on social media may affect user’s attitudes toward wildlife species. We evaluated viewers’ responses to videos published on a popular social medium, focusing particularly on how the content was framed (i.e., the way an issue is conveyed to transmit a certain meaning). We analyzed videos posted on YouTube that showed vultures interacting with livestock. The videos were negatively or positively framed, and we evaluated viewers’ opinions of these birds through the comments posted. We also analyzed negatively framed videos of mammalian predators interacting with livestock, to evaluate whether comments on this content were similar to those on vultures. We found that the framing of the information influenced the tone of the comments. Videos showing farmers talking about their livestock losses were more likely to provoke negative comments than videos not including farmer testimonies. The probability of negative comments being posted on videos about vultures was higher than for mammalian predators. Finally, negatively framed videos on vultures had more views over time than positive ones. Our results call for caution in the presentation of wildlife species online, and highlight the need for regulations to prevent the spread of misinformed videos that could magnify existing human-wildlife conflicts.

The silence of the ellipses: Why history can’t be about telling our children lies

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (5) ◽  
pp. 8-11
Author(s):  
Sam Wineburg
Keyword(s):  
History Textbooks ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Many ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Boston Massacre

History textbooks are less likely to be complete renderings of the truth than a series of stories textbook authors (and the many stakeholders who influence them) consider beneficial. Sam Wineburg describes how the process of writing history textbooks often leads to sanitized and inaccurate versions of history. As an example, he describes how the story of Crispus Attucks and the Boston massacre has evolved over time. The goal of historical study, he explains, is not to cultivate love or hate of the country. Rather, it should provide us with the courage needed to look ourselves unflinching in the face, so that we may understand who we were and who we might aspire to become.

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