scholarly journals A Clinical Study on the Incidence and Visual Outcome after Surgical Management of Lens-Induced Glaucoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 42-53
Author(s):  
Jyoti Bhuyan ◽  
Pranoya Baishyakh
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Management ◽  
Visual Outcome ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Delayed Treatment ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Poor Visual Outcome ◽  
Corrected Visual Acuity ◽  
Phacolytic Glaucoma ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Regional Institute

Aims and Objectives: To determine 1) the incidence of lens-induced glaucoma. 2) the more prevalent type of LIG. and 3) Visual outcome following surgical management of LIG. Material and Methods: 50 patients of lens-induced glaucoma, who presented in OPD of Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, were included in the study. All patients were admitted and managed in indoor wards. Informed and written consents were taken. A detailed history and a thorough ocular examination was done. Surgical correction was done by SICS or Phacoemulsification or triple procedures operations. Results: A standardized proforma was used to compile data and it was analyzed statistically using Chi-square test and Probability value. The incidence of LIG was found to be 0.174 among all OPD attendees. Phacomorphic glaucoma (58%) was found to be the highest followed by phacolytic glaucoma (32%). No significant association with respect to sex and age of the cases was found. The presenting symptoms varied in severity and were directly proportional to the degree of rise of IOP. 38% of cases in our study achieved best corrected visual acuity of 6/9 and 28% achieved 6/12 acuity at the end of 6 weeks. Visual outcome was found to be better for cases with early detection and treatment. Conclusion: The mainstay to prevent and treat LIG is early diagnosis and treatment of cataract. Delayed treatment of LIG may result in poor visual outcome. Keywords: LIG, IOP, Phacomorphic glaucoma, Phacolytic glaucoma, SICS, Phacoemulsification.

Surgical management and outcomes of pediatric open globe injuries requiring vitrectomy

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212110006
Author(s):  
Xin Liu ◽  
Lufei Wang ◽  
Fengjuan Yang ◽  
Jia’nan Xie ◽  
Jinsong Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Vitreous Hemorrhage ◽  
Visual Outcome ◽  
Poor Visual Outcome ◽  
Early Vitrectomy ◽  
Open Globe ◽  
Time From Injury ◽  
Ocular Sign

Purpose: To describe surgical management and establish visual outcomes of open globe injury (OGI) in pediatric patients requiring vitrectomy. Methods: Forty-eight eyes of 48 pediatric patients underwent vitrectomy for OGI with secondary vitreoretinal complications in the eye center of Jilin University were included. Characteristics of patients, details of ocular examination and operation, presenting and final visual acuity were recorded. Results: Presenting visual acuity less than 20/400 was found in 44 eyes (91.7%), which included no light perception (NLP) in four eyes. At last visit, there was no eyes with visual acuity of NLP, and 19 eyes (39.6%) had a vision recovery to 20/400 or better. Mechanisms of injury, intraocular contents prolapse, presence of hyphema, intraocular foreign body, vitreous hemorrhage, retinal detachment, and total time from injury to PPV > 2 weeks were significant predictors of visual prognosis. Logistic regression analysis showed that hyphema was a significant predictive factor for poor visual outcome. Conclusion: Visual acuity was improved in most of the patients with OGI in this study. Hyphema is an important presenting ocular sign in estimating the post-vitrectomy visual outcome for OGI in children. Proper timing of vitrectomy is suggested, and in this study patients may benefit more with early vitrectomy as less proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) was found together with a better visual acuity.

scholarly journals Anatomical and functional significance of ectopic inner foveal layer (EIFL) in epiretinal membrane (ERM)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 366-371
Author(s):  
Sunil Ganekal ◽  
Varun Ganekal
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Epiretinal Membrane ◽  
Visual Outcome ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Epiretinal Membranes ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Stage 1

To compare the visual acuity outcomes after surgical treatment of epiretinal membranes (ERM) in cases with and without ectopic inner foveal layers (EIFL). : A total of 100 eyes of 98 patients with idiopathic ERM were retrospectively staged according to the newer OCT classification and divided into two groups on the basis of presence or absence of EIFL. The two groups were evaluated for various parameters including visual acuity, thickness of the EIFL, re-appearance of the foveal contour, outer retinal changes and complications before and after ERM peeling. Correlation analysis was done using chi square test and p-values were obtained for corresponding variables.: Of 100 eyes with ERM, 20% had stage 1, 29% had stage 2, 42% had stage3 & 9% had stage 4 disease. VA was worse in eyes with EIFL as compared those without it. Correlation of VA with EIFL thickness however was not significant. Surgical removal of ERM didn’t alter EIFL frequency though the thickness decreased. New EIFL appeared in 4% eyes and 35% demonstrated thickened fovea after surgery. Anatomical reappearance of foveal contour was poorer in eyes with EIFL. Outer retinal changes were more common in non EIFL eyes. Lamellar holes and nontractional cysts were more common in EIFL eyes.: EIFL is a significant prognostic tool to predict the visual outcome of surgery in cases of Epiretinal membrane. EIFL eyes did not regain foveal contour, had less outer retinal damage but were associated with poorer visual outcomes.

scholarly journals Tuberculum sellae meningiomas: A series of 41 cases; surgical and ophthalmological outcomes with proposal of a new prognostic scoring system

2012 ◽  
Vol 03 (03) ◽  
pp. 286-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Palani ◽  
Manas K Panigrahi ◽  
Anirudh K Purohit
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Visual Outcome ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
P Value ◽  
Visual Recovery ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Tuberculum Sellae

ABSTRACT Context: Tuberculum sellae meningiomas have proved difficult to treat, partly because of their intimate association with the optic nerves and chiasma, hypothalamus, and internal carotid arteries. Aims: The aim of this study is to analyze the degree of influence of various prognostic factors affecting visual outcome; the pattern of visual recovery and develop a scoring system for prognostication. Settings and Design: This is a retrospective study carried out from January 2004 till June 2011. Materials and Methods: Patients were analyzed on the basis of clinical, radiological, and surgical factors that appeared to affect the outcome. A special scoring system (according to the guidelines of the German Ophthalmological Society) was adopted to quantify the extent of ophthalmological disturbances. Statistical Analysis Used: Comparison of categorical variables between the two was performed using chi-square test and a P value of ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. Logistic regression was used when multivariate analysis was required. Results: Vision improved in 27% and deteriorated in 7.3%. A prognostic scoring system (score 4–13) was developed depending on the degree of influence of significant prognostic factors. The patients with a score of ≤6 had improved vision postoperatively (44%), whereas none of those with a score > 6 improved. Completeness of visual recovery was perceived in 100% of patients within 3 months. Complete resectability was achieved in 73% of patients. Conclusions: The proposed scoring system is very useful in prognosticating the visual outcome of these patients. The patients with a score of ≤6 have the best visual outcome postoperatively. Complete resectability is better achieved with extended bifrontal and unilateral frontal approaches. Short-term postoperative visual outcome is a strong indicator of permanent visual outcome after surgery.

scholarly journals Poor prognostic factors in post-traumatic endophthalmitis following open globe injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 1968-1975
Author(s):  
Sukhum Silpa-archa ◽  
Kwanchanoke Kumsiang ◽  
Peranut Chotcomwongse ◽  
Janine M Preble ◽  
C. Stephen Foster
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Visual Outcome ◽  
Open Globe Injury ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Poor Visual Outcome ◽  
Open Globe ◽  
Post Traumatic

AIM: To demonstrate prognostic factors for poor visual outcome in patients with post-traumatic endophthalmitis (PTE) following open globe injury. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on 66 patients (66 eyes) with PTE following open globe injury from 2005 to 2015. Potential factors accounting for good and poor visual outcome were statistically analyzed by Chi-square test and Logistic regression model. RESULTS: In 66 cases, 39 cases (59%) had a poor visual outcome. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis identified retained intraocular foreign body (IOFB) as the only factor significantly associated with poor visual outcome [adjusted odds ratio, 4.62; 95% confidence interval (1.04-20.53); P=0.04]. The most common causative agents were gram-positive organisms (83%), of which Bacillus cereus (33%), was the most common pathogen. All cases received intravitreal antibiotic injections. Oral ciprofloxacin was the most used systemic antibiotic (33%). Pars plana vitrectomy was performed in 83% (55/66) of cases. At 6mo follow-up, mean BCVA was 1.74±0.72 logMAR units. CONCLUSION: In patients with PTE following open globe injury, the only predictor of poor visual outcome is the presence of IOFB. Bacillus cereus is the most isolated microorganism.

scholarly journals Surgical Management of Bladder Cancer During First Month of COVID-19 Outbreak: Lessons Learned Across Italy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Maccagnano ◽  
Lorenzo Rocchini ◽  
Emanuele Montanari ◽  
Giario Natale Conti ◽  
Roberto Contieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
Bladder Tumour ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Mail Survey ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Activity Period ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstract Objectives: Real-life overview of bladder cancer (BC) surgical management in Italy during the first month of COVID-19 pandemic (March 2020) with head to head comparison of the data from March 2019, considered “usual activity” period. The aim is to confront performance of Academic Centers (AC) vs Non Academic Centers (NAC) as well as non-COVID Centers (nCC) and COVID Centers (CC). Patients and methods: During April 2020, an e-mail survey was sent to 32 Sections of Urology across Italy. It contained 14 multiple-choice questions focused on activities during March 2019 and March 2020. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics (v26) software. Results28 centers answered to survey. AC and NAC showed statistically significant differences (chi-square test p<0.05) about number of physicians assigned to Covid wards (p=0.001), Trans-Urethral Resection of Bladder Tumour (TURBT) (p=0.046) and cystectomies (p=0.037) performed in March 2020 (p=0.037). In 2020, AC performed more surgical procedures compared to NAC. In 2019, AC had more procedures per Operating Block (OB) (p=0.015) and greater number of emergent Trans-Urethral Resections (TUR) (p=0.014), while NAC had more TURBTs. CC had more patients (pts) both evaluated for gross hematuria (p=0.017) and requiring haemostatic Trans-Urethral Resection (hTUR) in 2019. In 2020 nCC had more surgeries per OB (p=0.001), TURBTs (p=0.030) and cystectomies (p=0.034) than CC. ConclusionThe COVID-19 pandemic represents an important challenge for cancer centers, in the context of an extremely dynamic clinical and political situation which requires maximum flexibility to be appropriately managed.

Characterization of urinary bladder paragangliomas in patients with germline mutations.

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. 508-508
Author(s):  
Kareem Rayn ◽  
Michael Daniel Weintraub ◽  
Gustavo R Pena-La Grave ◽  
Graham R. Hale ◽  
Samuel Gold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Germline Mutations ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Von Hippel Lindau ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Succinate Dehydrogenase Subunit B ◽  
Genetic Profiles

508 Background: Data on the genetic characteristics of patients with urinary bladder paragangliomas (UBPGLs) is extremely limited. The primary goal of this study is to examine the clinical characteristics of a series of patients with UBPGLs, focusing particularly on their genetic profiles. Methods: We analyzed the medical records of patients who presented with UBPGLs from 2000 to 2017 to determine their presenting symptoms, clinical characteristics and outcomes. In addition, patients were stratified by the presence or absence of metastasis and the presence or absence of multiple paragangliomas (PGLs). Groups were compared using chi-square test and t-test (Stata) statistical analyses. Results: 18 of the 28 patients (64.2%) with UBPGLs had underlying genetic mutations: 15 (53.5%) in the succinate dehydrogenase subunit B gene (SDHB) and 3 (10.7%) in the von Hippel-Lindau gene (VHL). The average age at first symptoms was significantly younger in patients with germline mutations compared to those without mutations (22.3 ± 2.52 vs 37.3 ± 5.95, p = 0.01). 7 patients (38.9%) with germline mutations developed metastasis, at either first presentation or on follow-up, compared to 7 patients (70%) without germline mutations, p = 0.15. 10 patients (58.8%) with germline mutations had multiple PGLs compared to 1 patient (11.1%) without germline mutations, p = 0.02. On average, patients with germline mutations had larger lesions than patients without germline mutations based on the means of the largest diameter (3.7 ± 2.6 vs 3.1 ± 2.2, p = 0.51). Conclusions: Patients presenting with UBPGLs should be screened for underlying germline mutations as they are frequently associated. Patients with UBPGLs and underlying germline mutations present at a significantly younger age than patients without these mutations. Even though patients with UBPGLs and underlying mutations are significantly more likely to develop multiple PGLs, the risk of metastasis is not greater compared to patients without germline mutations. Therefore, all patients with UBPGLs should be followed closely for metastatic development. This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Cancer Institute, NIH and NIH Medical Research Scholars Program.

Phacolytic glaucoma: visual outcome

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 2636
Author(s):  
Venkataratnam Peram ◽  
Srihari Atti ◽  
Superna Mahendra
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Visual Outcome ◽  
Posterior Chamber ◽  
Bullous Keratopathy ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Phacolytic Glaucoma

Background: This study was conducted to evaluate the visual outcome of phacolytic glaucoma, a common cause of ocular morbidity.Methods: Participants were 30 patients in a tertiary care hospital for both urban and rural population. 30 eyes of patients clinically diagnosed as phacolytic glaucoma were treated. Demographic data and duration of the symptoms of the patients before presenting to the hospital were noted. Intraocular pressure (IOP) and visual acuity were recorded preoperatively and postoperatively. Small Incision cataract surgery with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation (IOL) was done after the control of intraocular pressure and inflammation. Postoperative complications were noted. The data was analyzed by simple statistical methods.Results: Age group distribution was 19 (63.3%) in >50-60 yrs, 9 (30.0%) in >60-70 yrs and 2(6.4%) in >70 yrs. Sex distribution was 21 (70.0%) of males and 9 (30.0%) of females. Mean age of the all the patients was 60.7 yrs (males 59.95 yrs and females 62.6 yrs). Laterality was RE in 16 (70.9%) and LE in 9 (30.0%). Duration of the presenting symptoms before reporting to the hospital was <1 week in 17 (56.6% and >1 week in 13 (43.3%). Mean IOP was 45.8 mmHg preoperatively. Visual Acuity was PL doubtful in 2 (6.6%), PL +ve in 15 (50.0%) and HM<3/60 in 13 (43.4%) preoperatively. Postoperative visual acuity at 6-8 weeks was <6/60 in 8 (26.7%) and >6/60 in 22 (73.3%). Postoperative complications were bullous keratopathy in 5 (16.6%), anterior uveitis with membrane on IOL in 7 (23.3%), posterior capsular tear in 3 (10.0%) and Zonular dialysis in 2 (6.6%). Fellow eye showed pseudophakia in 22 (73.4%), immature cataract in 6 (20.0%) and Aphakia in 2 (6.6%).Conclusions: This study concludes that a better Visual outcome in phacolytic glaucoma depends on the effective Preoperative control of intraocular pressure and inflammation.

scholarly journals The visual outcomes after cataract surgery in urban slums of Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India: a cross sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 638
Author(s):  
Anjana Tiwari ◽  
Indu Padmey
Keyword(s):  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Visual Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Urban Slums ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Visual Outcomes ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Poor Outcomes

Background: Poor outcomes of cataract surgery are a major problem in developing countries, including India which affects the demand and uptake of cataract surgical services. The present study was aimed to assess the visual outcomes after cataract surgery and identify factors associated with it, among persons aged 50 year and above in urban slums of Raipur.Methods: A community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in15 randomly selected clusters (urban slums) of Raipur from June 2012 to March 2013. Interviews, Visual Acuity measurements and ocular examinations were performed on all persons aged 50 year and above through house to house visits. Details about surgical intervention i.e. date, setting, type of cataract surgery were obtained from cataract operated persons, for each eye that had cataract surgery. Collected data were analyzed by using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The chi- square test was used to determine the associations of different cataract related parameters with visual outcomes in cataract operated eyes.Results: Of the 870 participants, 203 persons (329 eyes) had undergone cataract surgery. Among all operated eyes, visual outcome was good (VA ≥6/18) in 84.5%, borderline (VA <6/18 and ≥6/60) in 12.5%, and poor (VA <6/60) in 3% of eyes with available correction. Visual outcome of cataract surgery was significantly associated with age at time of surgery, literacy, type of surgery, place of surgery and time since surgery.Conclusions: The visual outcomes of cataract surgery were excellent in study area; it can be further improved by appropriate refractive correction, provision of glasses and adequate follow up after cataract surgery.

scholarly journals THE HYSTERIA

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (02) ◽  
pp. 303-309
Author(s):  
NIAZ MAQSOOD ◽  
ISHTIAQ AHMAD ◽  
WAJID ALI ◽  
Wajeh ur Rehman ◽  
Naima Niaz
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Conversion Disorder ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Economic Class ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Conversion Disorders ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
History Of

Objectives: To find out the sociodemographic characteristics ofconversion disorders and to find if there is any difference between the presenting symptoms of rural and urbanpopulation. Design: A non-probability, purposive, hospital based sample. Place and Duration of Study: Psychiatrydepartment of Victoria Hospital Bahawalpur, from February 2004 to April 2005. Patients and Method: A sample of 100-patients was collected. Both sexes were included. DSM-IV criteria for conversion disorder were applied for diagnosisof all these patients. Informed consent was taken for inclusion in the study. Patients suffering from concurrent physicaldisorders were excluded. The first author (NM.) using a semi-structured pro-forma interviewed all these patients. Thesociodemographic characteristics and the clinical profile were collected. Statistical analysis was made with the statisticalpackage for windows, SPSS (version –10). The applied method for group comparison was chi square- test. Results:The mean age of patients from the urban area was 24.26±7.25 years, as compared to 22.15±7.49 years for thepatients from the rural area. Most of the patients were females and were married. Majority of the patients from the urbanas well as from the rural area were uneducated and from the lower socio-economic class. The onset of illness wastypically acute and sudden, with precipitating life event. Majority of the patients had family history of the illness and comorbidpsychiatric disorders. The presenting symptoms were either sensory, motor, mixed symptoms and psuedoseizures.The presenting symptoms of patient from both urban (p value of 0.008), and rural area (P value =0.013), werestatistically significant. There were no statistically significant association between the presenting symptoms and thearea of living. The p values of the entire chi square tests were greater than (0.05). Conclusion: Prompt elimination ofthe symptoms of conversion disorder is important to prevent secondary gains from reinforcing it and causing it to persistor reoccur. Psychiatric services need to be developed and updated for the provision of prompt and efficient treatment,for the patients with these chronic and sometimes disabling conversion disorders.

scholarly journals Frequency of Satisfactory Outcome after Surgical Management in Isolated Orbitozygomatic Fractures

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
Tarique Hussain Shaikh ◽  
Kashif Ali Channar ◽  
Aftab Ahmed Kumbhar ◽  
Wajid Ali Rajper ◽  
Farzana Lakho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Management ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Health Science ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Satisfactory Outcome ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Surgery Department

Objective: To determine the frequency of satisfactory outcome after Surgical Management in Isolated Orbitozygomatic fractures. Study Design: Case series Descriptive study. Place and Duration: Oral Maxillofacial Surgery Department of Dentistry, Liaquat University of Medical Health Science, Jamshoro ,from 11thAugust 2020 to10thMarch 2021. Methodology: Total 87 patients of Isolated Orbitozygomatic fractures with Enophthalmos and or Diplopia were included. All patients were operated, open reduction and internal fixation of zygoma at 3 points. Postoperatively Diplopia was ruled out by a range of eye movements and Enophthalmos was measured by Hertel Exophthalmometer. Final assessment was done after six weeks postoperatively. Descriptive statistics were calculated. Stratification was done and poststratification chi square test or t-test was applied. P-value ≤0.05 was considered as significant. Results: There was 85.1% male and 14.9% female. Mean age was 33.45±7.93 years. 73.6% were classified as ASA-I and 26.4% were classified as ASA-II. At first, third and sixth week, 4.6% patients were found with positive upward gaze, 2.3% with positive down gaze, 0% with positive horizontal gaze and 2.3% with positive secondary peripheral gaze while 85.1% with < 3 mm Enophthalmoson Hertel Exopthelmommeter and 13(14.9%) with >3 mm Enophthalmoson Hertel Exopthelmommeter. The satisfactory outcome was 88.5%. Conclusion: Our study results showed 88.5% satisfactory outcome. The long-term prognosis after repair of zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures is very good.

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