Prevalence of Kinesiophobia in Post Spinal Surgery Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 202-208
Author(s):  
Dhanashree Bhise ◽  
Anagha Palkar ◽  
Ajay Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Surgery ◽  
Spinal Column ◽  
The Body ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Fear Of Movement ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Healing Period ◽  
Back Surgery ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Specific Fear

Background: The spinal column is a highly complex system of bones and connective tissues that provide support for the body and protect the delicate spinal cord and nerves. Back surgery carries higher risks than some other types of surgery because it is done closer to the nervous system. The most serious of these risks include paralysis and infections. Fear of movement/(re)injury is described as “a specific fear of movement and physical activity that is (wrongfully) assumed to cause reinjury”. In the extreme situation of fear of movement, the expression “kinesiophobia” is used. Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK) was developed by Miller, Kori and Todd 1990 in order to assess fear of movement/(re)injury. It is a valid, reliable tool is used to assess Kinesiophobia.(1) Aim: The present study was done to Assess Prevalence of Kinesiophobia In patients undergone Spinal Surgery using Tampa Scale (6- 10 weeks post surgery). Method: In this study a total of 100 patients answered Tampa scale of kinesiophobia and were evaluated according to their level of kinesiophobia after post spinal surgical period 6- 10 weeks, that is after the healing period. Result: There was a high degree of kinesiophobia which was observed after post spinal surgical period 6-10 weeks in 61% of the participants. Conclusion: This study showed Prevalence of High Degree of Kinesiophobia noted after 6-10 weeks in 61% of the Post- Spinal Surgery patients even after 4-6 weeks of healing period. Key words: Kinesiophobia, Fear-avoidance, Spinal surgery, Tampa scale.

Mitomycin C in preventing spinal epidural fibrosis in a laminectomy model in rats

2004 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Yul Lee ◽  
Werner Stenzel ◽  
Heinrich Ebel ◽  
Christoph Wedekind ◽  
Ralf-Ingo Ernestus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitomycin C ◽  
Spinal Column ◽  
Failed Back Surgery Syndrome ◽  
Epidural Fibrosis ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Failed Back Surgery ◽  
Back Surgery ◽  
Spinal Epidural ◽  
Fine Print

Object. Extensive epidural fibrosis after lumbar surgery may be the underlying cause in most cases of failed—back surgery syndrome. Various materials have been used to prevent epidural fibrosis, but only moderate success has been shown. Mitomycin C, an alkylosing antibiotic substance isolated from Streptomyces caespitosus, potentially supresses fibroblast proliferation after surgery. In this study, the authors investigated the effect of mitomycin C by local application on spinal epidural fibrosis in a rat laminectomy model. Methods. Five Wistar rats underwent laminectomy at cervical, thoracic, and lumbar levels. Based on data obtained from ophthalmological studies, mitomycin C was applied to the laminectomy sites in various concentrations (0.01, 0.05, and 0.1 mg/ml). One laminectomy site in each rat was left untreated and thus served as a control. Evoked potentials were measured pre- and postoperatively, and all rats underwent clinical evaluation. Mobility status and evidence of neurological deficit were recorded. Twelve weeks later, the rats were killed, and the spinal column, including surrounding muscle tissue, was removed en bloc, decalcified, and fixed in formaldehyde. Epidural fibrosis was evaluated histologically. In all mitomycin C—treated laminectomy sites, epidural scarring was significantly reduced compared with control sites. Remarkably, dural adhesions were absent in laminectomy defects treated with mitomycin C concentrations of 0.05 and 0.1 mg/ml. Moderate to marked epidural fibrosis with adhesion to the dura mater was noted at sites receiving 0.01 mg/ml of mitomycin C. All control sites showed dense epidural fibrosis with marked dura adherence. Conclusions. In this experimental model, mitomycin C applied locally at a concentration of 0.1 mg/ml effectively reduced epidural fibrosis, completely avoided dural adherence, and induced no side effects.

scholarly journals Hyaluronan and the Fascial Frontier

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 6845
Author(s):  
Rebecca L. Pratt
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
The Body ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Cell Behavior ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Extracellular Microenvironment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The buzz about hyaluronan (HA) is real. Whether found in face cream to increase water volume loss and viscoelasticity or injected into the knee to restore the properties of synovial fluid, the impact of HA can be recognized in many disciplines from dermatology to orthopedics. HA is the most abundant polysaccharide of the extracellular matrix of connective tissues. HA can impact cell behavior in specific ways by binding cellular HA receptors, which can influence signals that facilitate cell survival, proliferation, adhesion, as well as migration. Characteristics of HA, such as its abundance in a variety of tissues and its responsiveness to chemical, mechanical and hormonal modifications, has made HA an attractive molecule for a wide range of applications. Despite being discovered over 80 years ago, its properties within the world of fascia have only recently received attention. Our fascial system penetrates and envelopes all organs, muscles, bones and nerve fibers, providing the body with a functional structure and an environment that enables all bodily systems to operate in an integrated manner. Recognized interactions between cells and their HA-rich extracellular microenvironment support the importance of studying the relationship between HA and the body’s fascial system. From fasciacytes to chronic pain, this review aims to highlight the connections between HA and fascial health.

The Shroud of Turin

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-140
Author(s):  
Thaddeus J. Trenn ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
The Body ◽  
Religious Art ◽  
Satisfactory Explanation ◽  
Marshall Mcluhan ◽  
Modern Age ◽  
Shroud Of Turin ◽  
High Degree ◽  
As If

The Shroud of Turin, a linen cloth with but a faint image, continues to capture the interest of many people of diverse beliefs. Although the measured age of the cloth is relatively recent, other scientific findings indicate an earlier provenance. Any firm conclusions regarding the cloth's history remain premature. No satisfactory explanation has been found as yet for how the image on the cloth was produced structurally or stylistically. Iconographic evidence suggests that the image was the source of facial peculiarities found in early works of religious art. The body image bears a striking yet preternatural correlation with Scriptural accounts of wounds. Curiously, the image on the cloth functions as a photographic negative, exhibiting a high degree of resolution, as if the original were produced in pixels. Despite serious efforts to discover some artistic origin md medium, scientific evidence points in the direction that it was not produced by hands. If it is tme that the medium is the message, as Marshall McLuhan wrote, then the Turin Shroud may be a parable for the modern age.

scholarly journals Use of the Microdebrider in the Surgical Management of Rhinophyma

2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (1-2) ◽  
pp. E42-E45
Author(s):  
Winsion Chow ◽  
Goran Jeremic ◽  
Leigh Sowerby
Keyword(s):  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Sebaceous Glands ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Revolution Speed ◽  
Surgical Tool ◽  
Acne Rosacea ◽  
End Stage ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Superficial Tissue ◽  
Surgical Option

Rhinophyma is a disfiguring end-stage manifestation of acne rosacea. It is characterized by a painless hyperplasia of the sebaceous glands and connective tissues of the nose. Numerous surgical modalities—including scalpel surgery, dermabrasion, CO2 laser ablation, and electrocautery—have been reported with varying results. We describe our experience with using a microdebrider to treat 2 patients—a 65-year-old man and a 74-year-old man—who presented with rhinophyma. The instrument we used was the Medtronic Straight-shot M4 Microdebrider. Using a low revolution speed, we easily excised the bulky superficial tissue. At higher revolution speeds with the use of a small shaver tip, we were able to achieve delicate contouring of the nasal tip and ala without causing scarring. Postoperatively, both patients exhibited an excellent cosmetic outcome and expressed a high degree of patient satisfaction. We conclude that the microdebrider is an excellent surgical tool for treating rhinophyma lesions. Its ease of use and its availability at most surgical centers makes it a favorable surgical option.

scholarly journals Large elastic deformations of isotropic materials. I. Fundamental concepts

1948 ◽  
Vol 240 (822) ◽  
pp. 459-490 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Elastic Behaviour ◽  
Stress And Strain ◽  
Elastic Deformations ◽  
Hooke’S Law ◽  
Widespread Agreement ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Hooke's Law ◽  
High Degree

The mathematical theory of small elastic deformations has been developed to a high degree of sophistication on certain fundamental assumptions regarding the stress-strain relationships which are obeyed by the materials considered. The relationships taken are, in effect, a generalization of Hooke’s law— ut tensio, sic vis . The justification for these assumptions lies in the widespread agreement of experiment with the predictions of the theory and in the interpretation of the elastic behaviour of the materials in terms of their known structure. The same factors have contributed to our appreciation of the limitations of these assumptions. The principal problems, which the theory seeks to solve, are the determination of the deformation which a body undergoes and the distribution of stresses in it, when certain forces are applied to it, and when certain points of the body are subjected to specified displacements. These problems are always dealt with on the assumption that the generalization of Hooke’s law is obeyed by the material of the body and that the deformation is small, i.e. the change of length, in any linear element in the material, is small compared with the length of the element in the undeformed state. Apart from the fact that the generalization of Hooke’s law is obeyed accurately by a very wide range of materials, under a considerable variety of stress and strain conditions, it has the further advantage that it leads to a mathematically tractable theory.

scholarly journals CHANGES IN THE MUCOSA OF THE UTERINE POD IN CANCER OF THE VAGINAL PART AND CERVIX

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 410-435
Author(s):  
M. Mironov
Keyword(s):  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
First Case ◽  
Epitheloid Cells ◽  
Deep Layers ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Sarcomatous Degeneration

Changes in the mucous membrane of the body of the uterus, accompanying cancer of the vaginal part and cervix, drew special attention after the work of Abel (see No. I), which appeared in 1888. The author studied the mucous membrane of the body of the uterus, taken from extirpated cases of 6 uterus for carcinoma portionis and in 1 case for carcinoma cervicis. "In all cases, the mucous membrane is dull," says the author (p. 279, 1. p.), To a high degree of alteration, while the mucous membrane of the cervix is ​​relatively insignificantly diseased. " These changes, as can be seen from the description of each individual case, concern both the gland and the intermediate tissue, and the first in all cases were multiplied and represented corkscrew gyrus; some of them were enlarged or contained ectases of the lateral walls and processes protruding into the lumen of the gland. Changes in the intermediate tissue in cases 1, 2 and 4 consisted in the multiplication of cells in deep layers, and here they had a short-spindle-shaped shape, small size and went in trains in different directions; in the surface layers, they were more or less round, much larger in size and resembled epitheloid cells. In addition, a nested infiltration with small, round cells (lymphoid cells?) Met in places. In the remaining 4 cases, the changes in the intermediate tissue, according to the author's description, were the same as usually in chronic inflammation (cases 5, 6 and 7) or almost absent (case 3). On the basis of these studies, the author comes to the conclusion that changes in the mucous membrane of the body of the uterus in cancer of the vaginal part and cervix have the character of sarcomatous degeneration, which in observed 1, 2 and 4-m, already reached a rather high degree of 4, in the rest, although it did not appear as sharp as especially in the first case, but nevertheless, these changes, according to the author, cannot be considered as inflammatory, but should be taken only as a more weak degree of the same sarcomatous degeneration, by analogy with the first.

The Occurrence and Morphogenesis of Melanocytes in the Connective Tissues of the PET/MCV Mouse Strain1

Development ◽  
1960 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-32
Author(s):  
Stuart E. Nichols ◽  
Willie M. Reams
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
The Body ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Genital Apparatus ◽  
Mouse Tissues ◽  
Harderian Glands ◽  
Neural Crest Origin ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Made In

Mammals, as a rule, are described as having melanocytes of neural crest origin confined almost entirely to the skin. Of the organs other than skin which have been described as possessing melanocytes are portions of the gonado-genital apparatus of the Opossum (Burns, 1939), and, in the house mouse, tissues of the nictitans, the meninges of the brain, the parathyroids, the thymus and harderian glands (Markert & Silvers, 1956), and the parathyroids of C58 mice (Dunn, 1949). The present investigation has been made in a strain of mice in which melanocytes are found in the connective tissues throughout much of the body. This strain originated several years ago in the Department of Genetics, Medical College of Virginia, from a cross between inbred C3H and black mice of unknown breed obtained from a local pet shop. Because of the latter circumstance, the line-bred progeny have been termed the PET/MCV strain.

scholarly journals Analysis of Subdural Injection During Lumbar Interlaminar Epidural Injection in Failed Back Surgery Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 3132
Author(s):  
Jin Young Lee ◽  
Woo Seog Sim ◽  
Ji Yeong Kim ◽  
Yu Ri Ko ◽  
So Young Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Surgery ◽  
Epidural Injection ◽  
Failed Back Surgery Syndrome ◽  
Leg Pain ◽  
Daily Life Activities ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Failed Back Surgery ◽  
Back Surgery ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Interlaminar Epidural Injection

Persistent or recurrent back and leg pain following spinal surgery, known as failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS), significantly limits daily life activities. A lumbar epidural injection can reduce adhesions, inflammation, and nerve compression, although the epidural space can be distorted due to dura mater and epidural tissues changes after spinal surgery. This study analyzed subdural injection during lumbar epidural injection in FBSS patients. We retrospectively analyzed data from 155 patients who received a lumbar interlaminar epidural injection to manage FBSS. We grouped the patients based on the injected contrast medium appearance in the subdural (group S) or epidural spaces (group E) in fluoroscopic contrast images. Demographic, clinical, surgical and fluoroscopic data were recorded and evaluated, as were the pain scores before and after injection. There were 59 patients (38.1%) in the subdural group. Injection distance from the surgery level differed between the groups. Risk of subdural injection at level 1 distance from the surgery level had an odds ratio of 0.374, and at level ≥2, it was 0.172, when compared to level 0. Subdural incidence differed with the distance from surgical site. Physicians should strive to reduce subdural incidence when the injection is planned at surgery site in FBSS.

scholarly journals Amniotic fluid fibronectin. Characterization and synthesis by cells in culture.

1978 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 701-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Crouch ◽  
G Balian ◽  
K Holbrook ◽  
D Duksin ◽  
P Bornstein
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Matrix Protein ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Basement Membranes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Human Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Cold Insoluble Globulin ◽  
Kinetics Of

A glycoprotein immunologically related to plasma cold-insoluble globulin (CIG) and fetal skin fibroblast fibronectin has been purified from second-trimester human amniotic fluid. This protein (amniotic fluid fibronectin) migrated more slowly than CIG on sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis and showed greater polydispersity which could result, at least in part, from heterogeneity in glycosylation. Cloned human amniotic fluid epithelioid and fibroblastic cells synthesized and secreted a protein with similar properties into the culture medium. Fibronectin was shown to be associated with the pericellular and extracellular matrix of cultured amniotic fluid cells by immunofluorescence, lactoperoxidase-catalyzed iodination, and labeling with ferritin-conjugated antibodies. The kinetics of secretion of the protein were consistent with its role as a matrix protein. We anticipate that amniotic fluid fibronectin will prove to be the same protein which elsewhere in the body is incorporated into connective tissues and basement membranes. Amniotic fluid could, therefore, serve as a convenient source of in vivo synthesized fibronectin for biological and structural studies.

scholarly journals THE ORIGIN OF MONOCYTES IN CERTAIN LYMPH NODES AND THEIR GENETIC RELATION TO OTHER CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS

1930 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claude E. Forkner
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Intermediate Stage ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Peripheral Lymph ◽  
Undifferentiated Cells

1. The theories for the origin of monocytes from myeloblasts, lymphocytes, endothelium, macrophages, and primitive cells are reviewed and considered. 2. Monocytes in all stages of development have been demonstrated to be present constantly in large numbers in all the lymph nodes of the body, except in the large mesenteric group. 3. The relations of these cells to undifferentiated cells, lymphocytes, macrophages, plasma cells, and endothelium are described. 4. The origin of adult monocytes from primitive undifferentiated cells through the stages of monoblasts and pre-monocytes is described and illustrated. 5. The demonstration in certain lymph nodes of innumerable monocytes in all stages of development permits of a shifting of the term "monoblast" from a more or less theoretical name to its proper place as a term designating that particular cell which is derived from a primitive undifferentiated cell and which is the immediate precursor of the pre-monocyte. 6. The term "pre-monocyte" is proposed to designate the intermediate stage between the monoblast and the mature monocyte. 7. Evidence is advanced to show that monocytes are an independent strain of cells, but that under physiological conditions they may be transformed into macrophages, this representing at least one way in which the latter cells normally are produced. 8. In no organs or tissues other than in certain specific lymph nodes, chiefly the peripheral group, can one constantly find monocytes in all stages of development. 9. Developing monocytes occasionally may be found in small numbers in the spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes, Peyer's patches, subcutaneous connective tissues, lungs, and omenta of normal rabbits, but their presence is by no means constant and their numbers are insignificant in comparison with those found in the peripheral lymph nodes. 10. Monocytes and pre-monocytes do not stain by the common methods used for the demonstration of the reticulo-endothelial system and therefore must be considered for the present as independent of this system, except in so far as monocytes may be transformed into macrophages. 11. Plasma cells, stained with the supravital technique, as seen in lymph nodes, are described. No basis has been found for the theory that plasma cells and monocytes are closely related structural elements.

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