Effectiveness of zinc oxide nanoparticles against helminthiasis: a preliminary investigation conducted on Pheretima posthuma

Based on paralyzed and death time, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) were preliminarily investigated for possible biological effectiveness of anthelmintic activity on Pheretima Posthuma. After synthesizing ZnO NPs by low-temperature precipitation method with slight modification, size, morphology, and shape evaluation of these nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and annealing temperature in the range 400-700C. In this anthelmintic assay, the paralyzed time (PT) was gradually shorter with the increase of the sample concentration, for instance, when high concentration (40mg/ml) sample was applied on adult worms the paralyzed time was 35.6 minutes only. The death time (DT) was 450 and 80 minutes when the sample concentration was 20 and 40 mg/ml respectively. These results were compared with albendazole as a reference showed PT and DT 378.6 and 402.3 minutes respectively, and showed maximum dose-dependent anthelmintic activity. Finally, at higher concentration paralytic effect (PE) was showed much earlier and subsequently, it is important to note that the time taken for death observation was shorter.

Download Full-text

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Promoted Highly Efficient and Benign Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydropyrimidine-2(1H)-one/thione Derivatives

Material Science Research India ◽

10.13005/msri/180210 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 235-241

Author(s):

Vinayak R. Bagul

Keyword(s):

Zinc Oxide ◽

Hexagonal Phase ◽

Diffraction Method ◽

Aromatic Aldehydes ◽

Precipitation Method ◽

Zno Nps ◽

One Pot ◽

Synthetic Strategy ◽

Benign Synthesis ◽

Favorable Reaction

Using the synthetic potential of recyclable zinc oxide(ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs), a proficient, elegant, and rapid one-pot synthesis of a variety of 3,4-dihydropyrimidine-2(1H)-one/thione derivatives from the1,3-dicarbonyl compound, urea/thiourea, and various aromatic aldehydes havebeen unveiled in the present research. TheZnONPs were synthesized by theco-precipitation method. The powder X-ray diffraction method was employed for the determination of thecrystallite size of the synthesized ZnONPs.The hexagonal phase was obtained in the XRD pattern of the synthesized ZnO NPs with anaverage crystallite size of 25 nm.The current synthetic strategy offers excellent yields, a short reaction time, favorable reaction conditions, easy transformation, non-chromatographic product purification, and catalyst recyclability. Furthermore, the catalyst could be retrieved and reused without losing any of its catalytic activity. As a result, this elegant protocol is an adequate method fordihydropyrimidinone/thione synthesis.

Download Full-text

Effect of nano zinc oxide on proliferation and toxicity of human gingival cells

Human & Experimental Toxicology ◽

10.1177/09603271211058063 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 096032712110580

Author(s):

Fang-Chuan Chen ◽

Cong-Ming Huang ◽

Xiao-Wan Yu ◽

Ya-Yu Chen

Keyword(s):

Cell Proliferation ◽

Zinc Oxide ◽

Human Gingival Fibroblast ◽

Gingival Fibroblast ◽

High Concentration ◽

Zno Nps ◽

P53 Expression ◽

Nano Zinc Oxide ◽

Gingival Cells ◽

Nano Zinc

Background Periodontal dressing is used to cover the gum surface and protect the wound after periodontal surgery. Nanomaterials have been widely applied in dentistry in recent years. Zinc oxide (ZnO) is one of the main components of periodontal dressing. Aim This study aims to explore the toxicity ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) causes to human gingival fibroblast cells (HGF-1) and its effect on cell proliferation. Methods First, we identified and analyzed HGF-1, including cell morphology, growth curve, and immunohistochemistry staining. Then, we treated HGF-1 with ZnO NP. Cell viability, the integrity of the cell membrane, oxidative damage, and apoptosis were measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay, fluorescent probe, and flow cytometry. Furthermore, the expression of murine double minute 2 (MDM2) and p53 was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blotting. We finally overexpressed MDM2 in HGF-1 to verify the relationship between MDM2 and cell proliferation. Results Our research indicated ZnO NPs did not affect cell proliferation at low concentrations. However, high-concentration ZnO NP inhibited cell proliferation, destroyed the integrity of cell membranes, and induced oxidative stress and apoptosis. In addition, high concentration of ZnO NPs inhibited the proliferation of HGF-1 by regulating the expression of MDM2 and p53. Conclusion High concentration of ZnO NP caused toxicity to HGF-1 cells and inhibited cell proliferation by regulating MDM2 and p53 expression.

Download Full-text

Insecticidal effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles and Beauveria bassiana TS11 on Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood, 1856) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

Acta agriculturae Slovenica ◽

10.14720/aas.2016.107.2.04 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 107 (2) ◽

pp. 299 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Zahra KHOOSHE-BAST ◽

Najmeh Sahebzadeh ◽

Mansour GHAFFARI-MOGHADDAM ◽

Ali MIRSHEKAR

Keyword(s):

Zinc Oxide ◽

Beauveria Bassiana ◽

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Hexagonal Wurtzite Structure ◽

Trialeurodes Vaporariorum ◽

Precipitation Method ◽

Infrared Analysis ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Zno Nps ◽

Greenhouse Whitefly

Greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum is a major pest of horticultural and ornamental plants and is usually controlled with insecticides or biological control agents. In the current study, we examined the effects of synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and Beauveria bassiana TS11 on T. vaporariorum adults. ZnO NPs were synthesized by precipitation method. Field emission scanning electron microscope images indicated that ZnO NPs were non-compacted uniformly. X-ray diffraction results confirmed the hexagonal wurtzite structure of ZnO NPs. Fourier transform infrared analysis showed an intense absorption peak at a range of 434-555 cm-1 related to Zn-O bond. In bioassays, adults were exposed to different concentrations of ZnO NPs (3, 5, 10, 15, 20 mg l-1) and fungi (104, 105, 106, 107, 108 spores ml-1). LC50 values for ZnO NPs and fungi were 7.35 mg l-1and 3.28×105 spores ml-1, respectively. Mortality rates obtained with ZnO NPs and fungi at the highest concentration were 91.6 % and 88.8 %, respectively. The results indicate a positive effect of ZnO NPs and B. bassiana TS11on adults. The current study was conducted under laboratory conditions, therefore, more studies are needed in field.

Download Full-text

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles for Revolutionizing Agriculture: Synthesis and Applications

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2014/925494 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 146

Author(s):

Sidra Sabir ◽

Muhammad Arshad ◽

Sunbal Khalil Chaudhari

Keyword(s):

Zinc Oxide ◽

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Hydrothermal Process ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Precipitation Method ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Zno Nps ◽

Biogenic Synthesis ◽

Synthesis Properties ◽

Transport Method

Nanotechnology is the most innovative field of 21st century. Extensive research is going on for commercializing nanoproducts throughout the world. Due to their unique properties, nanoparticles have gained considerable importance compared to bulk counterparts. Among other metal nanoparticles, zinc oxide nanoparticles are very much important due to their utilization in gas sensors, biosensors, cosmetics, drug-delivery systems, and so forth. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) also have remarkable optical, physical, and antimicrobial properties and therefore have great potential to enhance agriculture. As far as method of formation is concerned, ZnO NPs can be synthesized by several chemical methods such as precipitation method, vapor transport method, and hydrothermal process. The biogenic synthesis of ZnO NPs by using different plant extracts is also common nowadays. This green synthesis is quite safe and ecofriendly compared to chemical synthesis. This paper elaborates the synthesis, properties, and applications of zinc oxide nanoparticles.

Download Full-text

Green versus Chemical Precipitation Methods of Preparing Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Investigation of Antimicrobial Properties

Journal of Nanomaterials ◽

10.1155/2021/9210817 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Bulcha Bekele ◽

Anatol Degefa ◽

Fikadu Tesgera ◽

Leta Tesfaye Jule ◽

R. Shanmugam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Zinc Oxide ◽

Chemical Synthesis ◽

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Chemical Precipitation ◽

Precipitation Method ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Synthesis Methods ◽

Zno Nps ◽

Precipitation Synthesis

Comparison of green and chemical precipitation method syntheses of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) was performed, and antimicrobial properties were investigated. Avocado, mango, and papaya fruit extracts were carried out for the green synthesising methods, while the chemical precipitation method was chosen from chemical synthesis methods. Zinc nitrate was used as a salt precursor, whereas leaf extract was served as a reducing agent for green synthesising methods. In addition, sodium hydroxide, polyvinyl alcohol, and potassium hydroxide were used as reducing agents in the case of chemical precipitation synthesis methods. ZnO NPs were characterised by characterizing techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The antimicrobial activities of prepared nanoparticles were evaluated on Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium). The particle sizes of the prepared samples which were evaluated by the Scherrer equation were in the range of 11-21 nm for green synthesis, while 30-40 nm for chemical precipitation synthesis methods. Small agglomerations were observed from SEM results of prepared ZnO NPs from both methods. Prepared ZnO NPs were showed strong antimicrobial properties. From the result, the inhibition zone was in the range of 15-24 mm for the green route and 7–15 mm for chemical precipitation methods, where the standard drugs have 25 mm of the zone of inhibition. A green synthesised method of preparing ZnO NPs gives promising antimicrobial properties compared to chemical synthesis and is also eco-friendly and safe compared to the chemical synthesis.

Download Full-text

Influence of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Char Forming Agent Polymer on Flame Retardancy of Intumescent Flame Retardant Coatings

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano10010042 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 42

Author(s):

Tentu Nageswara Rao ◽

T. Manohra Naidu ◽

Min Soo Kim ◽

Botsa Parvatamma ◽

Y. Prashanthi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Zinc Oxide ◽

Heat Release ◽

Flame Retardant ◽

Cone Calorimeter ◽

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Intumescent Flame Retardant ◽

Precipitation Method ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Zno Nps ◽

Ul 94

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were synthesized by a precipitation method, and a new charring–foaming agent (CFA) N-ethanolamine triazine-piperazine, melamine polymer (ETPMP) was synthesized via nucleophilic substitution reaction by using cyanuric chloride, ethanolamine, piperazine, and melamine as precursor molecules. FTIR and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) studies were employed to characterize and confirm the synthesized ETPMP structure. New intumescent flame retardant epoxy coating compositions were prepared by adding ammonium polyphosphate (APP), ETPMP, and ZnO NPs into an epoxy resin. APP and ETPMP were fixed in a 2:1 w/w ratio and used as an intumescent flame-retardant (IFR) system. ZnO NPs were loaded as a synergistic agent in different amounts into the IFR coating system. The synergistic effects of ZnO NPs on IFR coatings were systematically evaluated by limited oxygen index (LOI) tests, vertical burning tests (UL-94 V), TGA, cone calorimeter tests, and SEM. The obtained results revealed that a small amount of ZnO NPs significantly increased the LOI values of the IFR coating and these coatings had a V-0 ratings in UL-94 V tests. From the TGA data, it is clear that the addition of ZnO NPs could change the thermal degradation behaviors of coatings with increasing char residue percentage at high temperatures. Cone calorimeter data reported that ZnO NPs could decrease the combustion parameters including peak heat release rates (PHRRs), and total heat release (THR) rates. The SEM results showed that ZnO NPs could enhance the strength and the compactness of the intumescent char, which restricted the flow of heat and oxygen.

Download Full-text

Antiprotozoal and anthelmintic activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles

Current Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/0929867328666210709105850 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 ◽

Author(s):

José Rodrigues do Carmo Neto ◽

Rhanoica Oliveira Guerra ◽

Juliana Reis Machado ◽

Anielle Christine Almeida Silva ◽

Marcos Vinicius da Silva

Keyword(s):

Zinc Oxide ◽

Economic Performance ◽

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Biomedical Applications ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Animal Health ◽

Anthelmintic Activity ◽

Zno Nps ◽

Antimicrobial Function ◽

Potential Component

: Nanomaterials represent a wide alternative for the treatment of several diseases that affect both human and animal health. The use of these materials mainly involves trying to solve the problem of resistance that pathogenic organisms acquire to conventional drugs. A well-studied example that represents a potential component for biomedical applications is the use of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs). Its antimicrobial function is related, especially the ability to generate/induce ROS that affects the homeostasis of the pathogen in question. Protozoa and helminths that harm human health and the economic performance of animals have already been exposed to this type of nanoparticle. Thus, through this review, our goal is to discuss the state-of-the-art effect of ZnO NPs on these parasites.

Download Full-text

Effect of Green Synthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on the Physiological Parameters and Gum Production of the Saravan Landrace of Guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.)

International journal of basic science in medicine ◽

10.34172/ijbsm.2021.17 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 91-99

Author(s):

Safoora Bazzi ◽

Jafar Valizadeh ◽

Moharam Valizadeh ◽

Ali Movafeghi

Keyword(s):

Zinc Oxide ◽

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Guar Gum ◽

Soluble Sugars ◽

Precipitation Method ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Cyamopsis Tetragonoloba ◽

Zno Nps ◽

X Ray ◽

Physiological Properties

Introduction: The plant species Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L. (Fabaceae) is a source of guar gum that has a variety of applications in the pharmaceutical industry because of its therapeutic properties. Other parts of the plant are also used as food and fodder. This study was conducted to evaluate some physiological changes and gum production of guar in response to foliar spraying with synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs).Methods: ZnO-NPs were synthesized using guar gum by the co-precipitation method. The properties of the ZnO-NPs were investigated using various analytical techniques, including ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The nanoparticles were sprayed on the leaves of the Saravan landrace of guar to study their effects on the physiological properties of the plant. The experiments were performed in a completely randomized design with three replications.Results: Treatment of plants with ZnO-NPs resulted in an improvement of some physiological properties. After exposure to 500 mg/L of ZnO-NPs, the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, gum, and soluble protein were increased by 47.88%, 78.43%, 54.37T, 29.41%, 55.08%, and 52.12%, respectively. Additionally, the amount of Zn and insoluble sugars showed the highest increase, by 3.96 and 4.31 times, respectively. In contrast, soluble sugars content as well as the activity of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) reduced 0.69-, 2.23-, 1.60-, and 3.91-fold, respectively.Conclusion: ZnO-NPs improved the physiological properties of guar at different concentrations, with the best effects obtained at the maximum concentration of 500 mg/L. The results of this study suggest that the ZnO-NPs synthesized by the biocompatible process are appropriate candidates to prepare guar gum to be used in pharmaceutical and therapeutic-based approaches.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of the Effect of Nanoparticles Zinc Oxide/Camellia sinensis Complex on the Kidney of Rats Treated with Monosodium Glutamate: Antioxidant and Histological Approaches

Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology ◽

10.2174/1389201020666190522075928 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (7) ◽

pp. 542-550 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Nahla S. El-Shenawy ◽

Reham Z. Hamza ◽

Fawziah A. Al-Salmi ◽

Rasha A. Al-Eisa

Keyword(s):

Zinc Oxide ◽

Camellia Sinensis ◽

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Monosodium Glutamate ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

High Dose ◽

Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽

Zno Nps ◽

Tea Extract

Background: Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are robustly used biomedicine. Moreover, no study has been conducted to explore the consequence of green synthesis of ZnO NPs with Camellia sinensis (green tea extract, GTE) on kidneys of rats treated with monosodium glutamate (MSG). Methods: Therefore, the objective of the research was designed to explore the possible defensive effect of GTE/ZnO NPs against MSG-induced renal stress investigated at redox and histopathological points. Results: The levels of urea and creatinine increased as the effect of a high dose of MSG, in addition, the myeloperoxidase and xanthine oxidase activates were elevated significantly with the high dose of MSG. The levels of non-enzymatic antioxidants (uric acid, glutathione, and thiol) were decreased sharply in MSG-treated rats as compared to the normal group. Conclusion: The data displayed that GTE/ZnO NPs reduced the effects of MSG significantly by reduction of the level peroxidation and enhancement intracellular antioxidant. These biochemical findings were supported by histopathology evaluation, which showed minor morphological changes in the kidneys of rats.

Download Full-text

Zinc oxide nanoparticles help to enhance plant growth and alleviate abiotic stress: A review

Current Protein and Peptide Science ◽

10.2174/1389203721666201016144848 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad Faizan ◽

Fangyuan Yu ◽

Chen Chen ◽

Ahmad Faraz ◽

Shamsul Hayat

Keyword(s):

Zinc Oxide ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Abiotic Stresses ◽

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Main Concern ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Zno Nps ◽

Agricultural Yield

: Abiotic stresses arising from atmosphere change belie plant growth and yield, leading to food reduction. The cultivation of a large number of crops in the contaminated environment is a main concern of environmentalists in the present time. To get food safety, a highly developed nanotechnology is a useful tool for promoting food production and assuring sustainability. Nanotechnology helps to better production in agriculture by promoting the efficiency of inputs and reducing relevant losses. This review examines the research performed in the past to show how zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are influencing the negative effects of abiotic stresses. Application of ZnO-NPs is one of the most effectual options for considerable enhancement of agricultural yield globally under stressful conditions. ZnO-NPs can transform the agricultural and food industry with the help of several innovative tools in reversing oxidative stress symptoms induced by abiotic stresses. In addition, the effect of ZnO-NPs on physiological, biochemical, and antioxidative activities in various plants have also been examined properly. This review summarizes the current understanding and the future possibilities of plant-ZnO-NPs research.

Download Full-text