scholarly journals Urban Expansion and Its Impact on the Livelihood of Peripheral Farming Communities: The Case of Assosa Town, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Tadele Tesfaye Labiso
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Farming Communities ◽  
Policy And Strategy ◽  
Expansion Pattern ◽  
Horizontal Expansion ◽  
Rural Dwellers ◽  
The Impact

Assosa town’s expansion program which had been experiencing a horizontal expansion starting from its historical expansion pattern currently implemented via expropriating peripheral land holders of earlier rural dwellers by solely decision of town administration and the investigation randomly targeted to per-urban areas from four peripheral kebeles surrounding of town. Therefore, the objective of this study is to assess Urban Expansion and its Impact on Peripheral Farming Communities: The Case of Assosa town, BGR, Ethiopia Thus the study investigated the impact of urban expansion on the peripheral community livelihood in case of Assosa town. Questionnaire, survey, focus group discussion and key informants interviews were tools of data collection from 160 sampled households living in sampled kebeles via systematic random sampling technique and judgmental technique for FGD and interview. The results of the study indicated that there is infrastructural improvement, socio economic growth, rapid population growth and also socio-economic problems related to urban expansion in studied area. There is great spatial and temporal land use land cover modification more towards to build up land uses. The livelihood condition of per-urban community changed to non-agricultural form but there are policy and strategy gaps of expropriating, compensating for affected community in ground implementation. Landholder expropriated should be recompensed for equal socio-economic beneficially from urbanization and further skill-oriented training for new livelihood strategy and also accessing credit and rehabilitating strategy were recommended for affected community livelihood.

scholarly journals Mapping 20 Years of Urban Expansion in 45 Urban Areas of Sub-Saharan Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 525
Author(s):  
Yann Forget ◽  
Michal Shimoni ◽  
Marius Gilbert ◽  
Catherine Linard
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Urban Dynamics ◽  
Mapping Approach ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Impact

By 2050, half of the net increase in the world’s population is expected to reside in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), driving high urbanization rates and drastic land cover changes. However, the data-scarce environment of SSA limits our understanding of the urban dynamics in the region. In this context, Earth Observation (EO) is an opportunity to gather accurate and up-to-date spatial information on urban extents. During the last decade, the adoption of open-access policies by major EO programs (CBERS, Landsat, Sentinel) has allowed the production of several global high resolution (10–30 m) maps of human settlements. However, mapping accuracies in SSA are usually lower, limited by the lack of reference datasets to support the training and the validation of the classification models. Here we propose a mapping approach based on multi-sensor satellite imagery (Landsat, Sentinel-1, Envisat, ERS) and volunteered geographic information (OpenStreetMap) to solve the challenges of urban remote sensing in SSA. The proposed mapping approach is assessed in 17 case studies for an average F1-score of 0.93, and applied in 45 urban areas of SSA to produce a dataset of urban expansion from 1995 to 2015. Across the case studies, built-up areas averaged a compound annual growth rate of 5.5% between 1995 and 2015. The comparison with local population dynamics reveals the heterogeneity of urban dynamics in SSA. Overall, population densities in built-up areas are decreasing. However, the impact of population growth on urban expansion differs depending on the size of the urban area and its income class.

scholarly journals The impact of urbanization expansion on agricultural land in Ethiopia: A review

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
Assefa Ayele ◽  
Kassa Tarekegn
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Economic Resource ◽  
House Construction ◽  
Impact Of Urbanization ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIn a country like Ethiopia where the vast majority of the populations are employed in agriculture, land is an important economic resource for the development of rural livelihoods. Agricultural land in peri-urban areas is, however, transformed into built-up regions through horizontal urban expansion that has an effect on land use value. In recent years Ethiopia has been experiencing rapid urbanization, which has led to an ever-increasing demand for land in peri-urban areas for housing and other nonagricultural activities that pervades agricultural land. There is a high demand for informal and illegal peri-urban land which has been held by peri-urban farmers, and this plays a vital role in the unauthorized and sub-standard house construction on agricultural land. This urbanization has not been extensively reviewed and documented. In this review an attempt has been made to assess the impacts of rapid urbanization on agricultural activities. Urban expansion has reduced the areas available for agriculture, which has seriously impacted upon peri-urban farmers that are often left with little or no land to cultivate and which has increased their vulnerability. Housing encroachments have been observed to be uncontrolled due to a weak government response to the trend of unplanned city expansion. This has left peri-urban farmers exposed to the negative shocks of urbanization because significant urbanization-related agricultural land loss has a positive correlation with grain production decrease. Appropriate governing bodies should control urban development in order to control the illegal and informal spread of urbanization on agricultural land that threatens food production.

scholarly journals Issues and Impacts of the Apricot Value Chain on the Upland Farmers in the Himalayan Range of Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 4482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakhshanda Kousar ◽  
Muhammad Sohail Amjad Makhdum ◽  
Azhar Abbas ◽  
Javaria Nasir ◽  
Muhammad Asad ur Rehman Naseer
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Farming Communities ◽  
Production Policy ◽  
Matching Estimates ◽  
The Impact

The livelihood of the people in the Himalayan range of Pakistan is largely dependent on the cultivation of fruits. Apricot and apple are the major fruits of this region, which are marketed throughout the country and also exported to other countries. Due to high perishability and the poor farm-to-market infrastructure in the region, farmers are unable to get maximum returns. This study was conducted keeping in view the importance of the region and the impacts of fruits on the livelihood of the farmhands. Cross-sectional data from 200 respondents were collected through a multistage random sampling technique. Factor analysis was employed to find out the constraint in the apricot production and propensity score matching estimates were employed to see the impact of apricot production on the farming communities in the study area. The results of the factor analysis show the most important group of constraints in the growth of the apricot industry is awareness, which is an internal factor. This is followed by production, policy, and marketing constraints. The least important is processing technology. Furthermore, the results show that apricot production has a significant positive impact on decreasing the poverty level of the household, depicting a great potential for the development of resilient livelihoods.

scholarly journals The Impact of Rapid Growth of Urbanization and Urbanism in Eastern Ethiopia, Challenge and Prospects

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-44
Author(s):  
Shambel Tufa Telila
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Living Condition ◽  
Urbanization Process ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
The Impact

The intention of this paper is to investigate the impact of the rapid growth of urbanization and urbanism in Eastern Ethiopia, challenges and prospects. The researcher  used  qualitative  research  approaches and  primary and  secondary data collection  methods  that  largely  include  observations,  focus  group  discussion s, interviews. These are the principal methods to look into the etic view of the community  under  investigation.  The  paper  employs  only  a  qualitative  research method  to  examine  the  scenario  of  the  impact  of  rapid  urban  expansion  and challenges and prospects in this study. The empirical studies indicated that the urbanization process causes the dismantling of the immediate rural community and the cause of land grabbing from these societies. Therefore, this study utilizes to study the challenges and prospects of urbanization on the surrounding community immediately adjacent to urban areas. A number of studies indicated that urbanization causes both challenges and prospects in the area where the urbanization process is taking place. Nevertheless, the challenges and prospects of the urbanization on immediate to adjacent communities living in trouble and irritating for their future life. The standard this research finding disclosed that the living condition of the poor urban dwellers and community adjacent to urban areas who were not secured and stable. Even though they got some opportunities such as access to schooling social services markets and access to some important materials for survival. Still, th ese communities are challenged by the alarming rate growth urbanization that evoked impacts on the overall living patterns of these communities.

scholarly journals Numerical Study of the Interaction between Oasis and Urban Areas within an Arid Mountains-Desert System in Xinjiang, China

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Peng Cai ◽  
Rafiq Hamdi ◽  
Huili He ◽  
Geping Luo ◽  
Jin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Local Circulation ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
The Impact

The rapid oasis expansion and urbanization that occurred in Xinjiang province (China) in the last decades have greatly modified the land surface energy balance and influenced the local circulation under the arid mountains-plain background system. In this study, we first evaluated the ALARO regional climate model coupled to the land surface scheme SURFEX at 4 km resolution using 53 national climatological stations and 5 automatic weather stations. We found that the model correctly simulates daily and hourly variation of 2 m temperature and relative humidity. A 4-day clear sky period has been chosen to study both local atmospheric circulations and their mutual interaction. Observations and simulations both show that a low-level divergence over oasis appears between 19:00 and 21:00 Beijing Time when the background mountain-plain wind system is weak. The model simulates a synergistic interaction between the oasis-desert breeze and urban-rural breeze from 16:00 until 22:00 with a maximum effect at 20:00 when the downdraft over oasis (updraft over urban) areas increases by 0.8 (0.4) Pa/s. The results show that the oasis expansion decreases the nocturnal urban heat island in the city of Urumqi by 0.8 °C, while the impact of urban expansion on the oasis cold island is negligible.

Quantifying trends and predictors of decline in eastern grey kangaroo (Macropus giganteus) populations in a rapidly urbanising landscape

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Brunton ◽  
Sanjeev K. Srivastava ◽  
David S. Schoeman ◽  
Scott Burnett
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Human Population Growth ◽  
Terrestrial Mammals ◽  
Grey Kangaroo ◽  
The Impact

Human population growth and the resultant expansion of urban landscapes are drivers of biodiversity loss globally. Impacts of urbanisation on wildlife are not well understood, although the importance of preserving biodiversity in urban areas is widely recognised. The eastern grey kangaroo (Macropus giganteus), a common species of large macropod, can be found in high densities in many urban landscapes across Australia. South East Queensland is a subtropical region of Australia that has experienced high rates of urban expansion. Human population growth in the region has resulted in widespread changes to the landscape and much of the eastern grey kangaroo’s natural habitat has been modified. Declines in kangaroo populations have been anecdotally reported; however, the impact of urbanisation on kangaroo populations has not been quantified. This study used a modelling approach, collecting data from the community, and private and government organisations to: (1) map the current distribution of eastern grey kangaroos; (2) quantify trends in kangaroo abundance; and (3) identify anthropogenic drivers of changes in kangaroo abundance in the region. Of the kangaroo populations identified, 42% were reported to have undergone an overall decline in abundance since 2000. Higher human population growth rate and smaller area remaining under natural land use were predictors of kangaroo population declines. Further kangaroo declines can be anticipated in the region, particularly in areas with projected human population growth rates over 80% for the next decade. This study emphasises the importance of integrated urban development over large spatial extents to mitigate impacts of urbanisation on terrestrial mammals.

PENGARUH DESAIN PRODUK DAN STRATEGI PEMASARAN TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN PRODUK

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-56
Author(s):  
SS Dwiningwarni ◽  
Nur Maya Anjarsari ◽  
H. Syuhada'
Keyword(s):  
Product Design ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Purchasing Decisions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dominant Influence

This study aims to  analyze the impact of product design and marketing strategy to the purchasing decision partially, analyze the influence of design and marketing strategies on purchasing decisions simultaneously,  determine which variables are the dominant influence on purchasing decisions. The research approach used is positivism with quantitative data derived from respondents' answers collected through questionnaires. The method used is the Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The sampling technique used was simple random sampling and the number of samples taken as many as 100 respondents. Analysis of the data used is multiple linear regression with Ordinary Least Square method (OLS). The results of this study are the design of the product and marketing strategies significantly influence purchasing decisions partially, product design and marketing strategies significantly influence purchasing decisions simultaneously,  product design dominant influence on purchasing decisions. This means that companies must pay attention to the shape or design of a product to be manufactured or produced.

Analysis of Urban Expansion on Agricultural Food Production in Calabar, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 54-62
Author(s):  
M. A. Oyinloye ◽  
U. M. Ogban ◽  
O. S. Aboyeji
Keyword(s):  
Urban Growth ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Gis Software ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Agricultural Food

Urban growth appears to have direct effects on the available agricultural land in and around urban area which in turn affects food production and other agricultural activities in the city. Indiscriminate urban growth and increasing losses of agricultural lands have become an issue in developing countries. The aim of this study is to use Remote Sensing and GIS to monitor the impact of urban expansion on agricultural food production in Calabar, Nigeria. Landsat images of 1986, 2003 and 2018 of Calabar municipal and Calabar South were obtained. The study employed supervised digital image classification method using ILWIS 3.2 and ArcGIS 10.2a software. GIS software was used to classify the landuse into built-up area, natural vegetation, bare soil, agricultural land and water bodies. Also, a set of structured questionnaire were administered using the stratified random sampling technique to elicit information on the socio economic and driven factors responsible for conversion of agricultural landuse, effect of urban expansion on agricultural food production and measures adopted to preserve agricultural land uses. The results revealed increase in urban expansion on food production over the periods (1986–2018). Recommendations were provided that will reduce the rate of urban expansion on agricultural food production in the study area.

scholarly journals Evolution of Green Space under Rapid Urban Expansion in Southeast Asian Cities

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 12024
Author(s):  
Amal Najihah Muhamad Nor ◽  
Hasifah Abdul Aziz ◽  
Siti Aisyah Nawawi ◽  
Rohazaini Muhammad Jamil ◽  
Muhamad Azahar Abas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Space Structure ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Metro Manila ◽  
The Impact

Globally, rapid urban expansion has caused green spaces in urban areas to decline considerably. In this study, the rapid expansion of three Southeast Asia cities were considered, namely, Kuala Lumpur City, Malaysia; Jakarta, Indonesia; and Metro Manila, Philippines. This study evaluates the changes in spatial and temporal patterns of urban areas and green space structure in the three cities over the last two decades. Land use land cover (LULC) maps of the cities (1988/1989, 1999 and 2014) were developed based on 30-m resolution satellite images. The changes in the landscape and spatial structure were analysed using change detection, landscape metrics and statistical analysis. The percentage of green space in the three cities reduced in size from 45% to 20% with the rapid expansion of urban areas over the 25-year period. In Metro Manila and Jakarta, the proportion of green space converted to urban areas was higher in the initial 1989 to 1999 period than over the latter 1999 to 2014 period. Significant changes in green space structure were observed in Jakarta and Metro Manila. Green space gradually fragmented and became less connected and more unevenly distributed. These changes were not seen in Kuala Lumpur City. Overall, the impact of spatial structure of urban areas and population density on green space is higher in Jakarta and Metro Manila when this is compared to Kuala Lumpur. Thus, the results have the potential to clarify the relative contribution of green space structure especially for cities in Southeast Asia where only a few studies in urban areas have taken place.

scholarly journals DYNAMICS OF SPATIO-TEMPORAL URBAN EXPANSION IN SOUTH WEST DELHI REGION: A GEO-SPATIAL APPROACH FOR URBAN DISASTER MANAGEMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-3/W8 ◽  
pp. 373-379
Author(s):  
N. Sharma ◽  
A. Kaur ◽  
P. Bose
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Urban Disaster ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The Impact

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Constantly increasing population and up-scaling economic growth has certainly contributed to fast-paced urban expansion, but simultaneously, as a result, has developed immense pressure on our natural resources. Among other unfavorable consequences, this has led to significant changes in the land use and land cover patterns in megacities all across the globe. As the impact of uncontrolled and unplanned development continues to alter life patterns, it has become imperative to study severe problems resulting from rapid development and leading to environmental pollution, disruptions in ecological structures, ever increasing pressure on natural resources and recurring urban disasters This paper presents an approach to address these challenges using geospatial data to study the land use and land cover change and the patterns and processes of urban growth. Spatio-temporal changes in land-use/land-cover were assessed over the years using multi-date high resolution satellite data. The land use classification was conducted using visual image interpretation technique wherein, study area was categorized into five different classes based on NRSC classification system namely agricultural, built-up, urban green (forest), and fallow land and water bodies. Post-classification change detection technique was used for the assessment of land-cover change and transition matrices of urban expansion were developed to quantify the changes. The results show that the city has been expanding majorly in its borders, where land masses have been converted from agriculture based rural areas to urban structures. An increase in the built-up category was observed with the transformation of agricultural and marginal land with an approximate change of 8.62% in the peri-urban areas. Urban areas are becoming more densely populated and open barren lands are converted into urban areas due to over population and migration from the rural areas of Delhi and thus increasing threat towards urban disaster. Conservation and sustainable management of various natural resources is recommended in order to minimize the impact of potential urban disasters.</p>

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