Do Social Safety Net Policies Reduce Poverty in Bangladesh? Understanding Perception of State Philosophy in Swimming across the Tide

Author(s):  
Apu Deb ◽  
Masum Alam ◽  
Mohammad Jewel Islam ◽  
Muhammad Muklisur Rahman

Bangladesh is a populated country and most of the people live below the poverty line. After the independence of Bangladesh in 1980s safety net programmes has been adopted to reduce poverty from Bangladesh. At present 30 social safety net programmes are now operation in Bangladesh. The objective of the study is to find challenges ahead to implement Social Safety Net (SSN) programmes that initiated to reduce poverty at rural areas specially. The article is based on content analysis method and secondary data has been used to conduct the study. The study found that there is various weakness in social safety net policies. There is lack of integration and coordination among different safety net programmes and providers. Political stability is one of the great obstacle to fulfill the ultimate goal of safety net programmes. The extent, nature and mechanism of safety net programs change with the change of government. Besides this, corruption, shortage of budget etc hinder the implementation of safety net programmes. However, high political commitment, increase allocation, better targeting beneficiary, involvement of NGOs, civil society, monitoring and overseeing, reduction of corruption should be ensured.  

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Mustain Mustain

The existence of majelis taklim felt increasingly important and expected to play a bigger role in addressing various problems arising in the community. However, in organizing and managing its activities, not a few problems and obstacles faced by majelis taklim. It is quite a lot of faced is the management aspects, organization, and administration are weak and less systematic review and quality of human resources (HR) is still limited. One of the root of the problem is the lack of a proselytizing missionary or ustadzah who is able to provide good, systematic and qualified congregations. The purpose of this study are: 1) Describe religious activities majelis taklim in Social House Tresna Werdha Tribuana Tunggal Dewi. 2) Describe the obstacles in the effectiveness of religious activities majelis taklim in Social House Tresna Werdha Tribuana Tunggal Dewi. This study is a research Community-based parcipatory research (CBPR) Researchers directly jumped to make changes, and see the changes that occur. The research data used is secondary data. Data collection techniques used are documentation and observation. Data analysis in this research is done during and after data collecting by using descriptive-critical-comparative method, and content analysis method. From the explanation described, it is concluded: 1) Religious Activity Program of Majelis Taklim made the residents of Social House Tresna Werdha Tribuana Tunggal Dewi Environment Balongrawe Kelurahan Kedundung Magersari Subdistrict Mojokerto City is enthusiastic in following and deepening the religious knowledge of Islam. 2) The obstacles encountered are locations that are less representative of the narrow musholla and temat wudlu which he only point. While the people who built a lot of wide enough practice practice or praying in congregation menajadi constrained


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Dwita Sukmalia ◽  
Ida Yuliana Saputri ◽  
Nurul Hak ◽  
Amimah Oktarina

Ibn Khaldun is an Islamic scholar with various works, especially in the muqaddimah book which explains the principles of taxation. According to Ibn Khaldun, the imposition of low taxes on the people will make the people more incentivized to do business and develop the business world. On the other hand, the imposition of high taxes on the people will be reluctant to pay taxes so that the production done by the people will decrease and affect the tax revenue itself. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between Ibn Khaldun's theory and the current downturn in economic growth. This research method is library research research with a descriptive qualitative approach with the data source used is secondary data consisting of the book "muqaddimah" and other theories derived from books, journals, and official websites that are relevant to the research. The data that has been collected is analyzed using the Content Analysis Method. This study concludes that Ibn Khaldun's thoughts are very relevant when applied in facing the recession in Indonesia.


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Mustain Mustain

The existence of majelis taklim felt increasingly important and expected to play a bigger role in addressing various problems arising in the community. However, in organizing and managing its activities, not a few problems and obstacles faced by majelis taklim. It is quite a lot of faced is the management aspects, organization, and administration are weak and less systematic review and quality of human resources (HR) is still limited. One of the root of the problem is the lack of a proselytizing missionary or ustadzah who is able to provide good, systematic and qualified congregations. The purpose of this study are: 1) Describe religious activities majelis taklim in Social House Tresna Werdha Tribuana Tunggal Dewi. 2) Describe the obstacles in the effectiveness of religious activities majelis taklim in Social House Tresna Werdha Tribuana Tunggal Dewi. This study is a research Community-based parcipatory research (CBPR) Researchers directly jumped to make changes, and see the changes that occur. The research data used is secondary data. Data collection techniques used are documentation and observation. Data analysis in this research is done during and after data collecting by using descriptive-critical-comparative method, and content analysis method. From the explanation described, it is concluded: 1) Religious Activity Program of Majelis Taklim made the residents of Social House Tresna Werdha Tribuana Tunggal Dewi Environment Balongrawe Kelurahan Kedundung Magersari Subdistrict Mojokerto City is enthusiastic in following and deepening the religious knowledge of Islam. 2) The obstacles encountered are locations that are less representative of the narrow musholla and temat wudlu which he only point. While the people who built a lot of wide enough practice practice or praying in congregation menajadi constrained


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 119-126
Author(s):  
Dr. Diganta Kumar Das

Motivation/Background: The financial aspects are considered as an integral part for development of rural areas in every nation. Small financial helps can defiantly improve the living standard of the poor. Here the role of microfinance is crucial. Through microfinance the poor and needy people can fulfil their day to day and small economic and financial requirements upto certain extend. In India it is seen that most of the people lives in the rural areas are below the poverty line and finance to these group is very much essential. Moreover, the vulnerable groups are more deprived of their basics needs particularly the SCs and the STs.  Thus, an effort has been made by the researcher to study the pros and cons of NRLM and its impact on economic condition of poor SC people living in the rural areas at Dhemaji and Lakhimpur district of Assam through this paper. Method: For that purpose, both the primary and secondary data have been used. For collecting the primary data, a total number of 140 (7 X 10 X 2=140) respondents from 70 SHGs had randomly selected comprising of 10 SHGs from the seven Development Blocks and from each sample SHGs 2 members were selected. Results and Conclusions: Study revealed that inspite of facing the problems like marketing, transportation, flood and proper management and training of the group, the SHGs are functioning well in terms of improvement of food security and cost of living standard of the SC member’s household in the area under study.


2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewa Ketut Sadra Swastika ◽  
Yana Supriyatna

<strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Makalah berjudul ini disusun berdasarkan telaahan (review) beberapa hasil penelitian, literatur dan data sekunder dari berbagai sumber. Selama lebih dari tiga dekade, berbagai upaya telah dilakukan untuk mengentaskan masyarakat dari kemiskinan. Sebelum krisis ekonomi, upaya keras tersebut telah berhasil menurunkan angka kemiskinan dari 40 persen tahun 1970-an menjadi 11 persen tahun 1996. Krisis ekonomi  sejak 1997 telah melumpuhkan semua sector ekonomi. Akibatnya, angka kemiskinan meningkat menjadi 25 persen tahun 1998, meskipun turun lagi menjadi 16 persen tahun 2005. Peningkatan harga bahan bakar minyak tahun 2006 berakibat meningkatnya kembali proporsi penduduk miskin menjadi 18 persen. Sebagian besar penduduk miskin berdomisili di perdesaan dan sangat tergantung pada sektor pertanian. Oleh karena itu, sektor pertanian harus dibangun dalam bentuk pembangunan perdesaan terpadu. Strategi pengentasan kemiskinan melalui bantuan tunai, pangan, atau pinjaman dana bergulir terbukti tidak efektif dalam mengentaskan mereka dari kemiskinan. Penyediaan kredit lunak dengan prosedur yang sederhana, disertai dengan pembangunan infrastruktur mungkin lebih efektif. Pada saat yang sama, pemerintah pusat dan daerah hendaknya mendorong dan memfasilitasi swasta untuk berinvestasi dalam agroindustri di perdesaan. Selain itu juga membangun kemitraan usahatani yang saling mengun-tungkan antara petani dengan perusahaan agroindustri. Dengan strategi ini diharapkan keluarga miskin dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraannya melalui penjualan produk, serta dapat bekerja di pabrik pengolahan hasil pertanian, sehingga lebih banyak peluang memperoleh pendapatan, dan jumlah penduduk miskin berkurang. <br />     <br /><br /><strong>English</strong><br />This paper is written based on the review of some studies, literatures and secondary data from some sources. For more than three decades, some efforts have been done, and successfully reduced the number of poverty, from 40 percent in 1970s to 11 percent in 1996. However, the economic crisis started in mid 1997 has caused an increase in the percentage of people under poverty line to almost 25 percent in 1998, although decreased to 16 percent in 2005. An increase in gasoline price has resulted an increase in proportion of poverty to almost 18 percent of the population. Most of the poor are living in rural areas with marginal land, low quality of human resource, and poor infrastructures. On the other hands, they are strongly depending upon agricultural sector. Hence, agricultural sector should be developed in terms of integrated rural development. The strategy of poverty alleviation by giving the poor with granted-cash, food aid, or revolving fund is not the effective way to alleviate poverty. Instead, providing them with soft credit together with development of infrastructures might be more effective. At the same time, the central and local governments should encourage the investors to invest in agro-industry in rural areas. A fair partnership could be developed between farmers and companies. By these strategies, the poor families could help themselves to improve their welfare, through selling their products, as well as working in the agro-industrial sector. Thus, more income can be generated, so that the people living under poverty line will be reduced.


2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 278
Author(s):  
Tiina Veijola ◽  
Kaarina Määttä ◽  
Satu Uusiautti ◽  
Tanja Äärelä

<p>The purpose of this study was to analyze the availability and usability of aids for dyslexia according to the experiences of people with dyslexia. This was a qualitative study in which people with dyslexia were asked to participate by filling out a qualitative survey. The analysis followed the principles of qualitative content analysis method. Participants (N=11) were 15-65-year-old Finnish people with diagnosed dyslexia who use aids for dyslexia regularly. The purpose of this study was to answer the following research questions: (1) How do the people with dyslexia describe the importance of the aids for dyslexia in their everyday life and learning?; (2) Which aids for dyslexia do the people with dyslexia consider the most usable and beneficial?; and (3) What challenges have the people with dyslexia faced when using aids for dyslexia? According to the findings, aids for dyslexia were considered irreplaceably important and supported everyday life in numerous ways. The participants reported that they used aids in many areas of life, such as in school, work, and leisure. The most usable aids were computers (especially word processing soft wares), tablets, and smart phones. Most of the participants had used one or more of them. The biggest challenges were the expensiveness of aids and difficulties in learning to use aids. As the knowledge about dyslexia and number of diagnoses increase, new studies on the possible aids and their developmental needs are required. Versatile aids can provide personal help and support the coping of people with dyslexia in many areas of life. Furthermore, the study showed that, based on the participants’ experiences, more attention should be paid on the product development of aids for dyslexia in the future.</p>


2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-104
Author(s):  
Mohammed Sulemana ◽  
Kingsford Gyasi Amakye

The concept of decentralisation has shaped development thinking in contemporary times in both developed and developing countries. Indeed, the demand for decentralisation is strong throughout the world because of its link to community development and improving the quality of life of mass of the people in the rural areas. Decentralisation is globally recognised as the way of ensuring community participation and local development. However, some authors argue that the purported benefits of decentralisation leading to community development are not as obvious as proponents of decentralisation suggest. In Africa, decentralisation is implemented in various forms by governments across the continent. Indeed, in West Africa, it is difficult to find a country that does not have decentralisation programme. In Ghana, decentralisation has been practiced since 1988 and the populace has come to embrace it as the best way of ensuring development and local participation in governance. Nevertheless, after nearly three decades of implementing decentralisation, which has generated rather elaborate structures and processes, Ghana still struggles to realise the expected developmental progress, or achieve the envisioned structural and procedural effectiveness. This paper explores the relationship between decentralisation and community development in Sekyere Central District. Again the paper seeks to find out the contributions decentralisation has brought to the communities in Sekyere Central District and finally investigate whether decentralisation is working as it should in the district. This paper was carried out using a mixed method approach. Purposive sampling technique was adopted to select all the assembly members in Sekyere Central District. Both primary and secondary data were collected from the relevant sources in an effort to meet the objectives of the study. The regression analysis of all the assembly members indicated that, the calculated value F is 28.25 at 5% alpha level of significant (0.000). It shows that there is significant relationship between decentralisation and community development.


2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 490-499
Author(s):  
Guru Swarup ◽  
Jitender Kumar Tiwar

Indian economy is growing at rapid pace but more than one fourth of rural population found to be below poverty line due to fluctuations in employment, shrinking employment opportunities, and low wage rates. Government of India (GoI) has been introducing a number of wage employment programmes. The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) is among one of them. The Indian Parliament has passed MGNREGA act in 2005, which came into force in February 2006. MGNREGA evidently indicate increase in employment opportunities, and market wage rates and reduction in distress migrationin many parts of the country. This paper is an attempt to study the impact of MGNREGA on the life style of rural poor. The study is confined to 6 panchayats Shimbal khola, Tikker, Tatehal, Biara, Ladoh and Rajot of Panchrukhi block, District Kangra, H.P. The study is based on both primary and secondary data. The main findings of the study are most of the people think that MGNREGA is helpful in the development of the village, most of the people are not aware about the process and practices under MGNREGA Scheme, most of the people are not aware of how much money is coming from the block level and how much is used in the public works, most of the people think that the earning in terms of wages through MGNREGA is helping in the financial upliftment of the life styles of the people. As far as corruption is concerned in MNREGA people are almost of the same opinion. People are of the mixed opinion that corruption exists in MGNREGA as well as there is no point of corruption in MGNREGA.


2020 ◽  
Vol 338 ◽  
pp. 203-215
Author(s):  
A.N.M. Zakir Hossain

The information communication technology (ICT) has a great impact in shaping life and responses. The current century is running with the rampage of cutting edge technologies that compose our everyday life while the expansion of ICT allows us to make our life meaningful. The most significant challenges in transition are to coping with the changes that even happen all of a sudden i.e., about one million refugee influx in Bangladesh in 2018. Nowadays people recognized ICT as a decisive and inseparable part of them that constructs a new fashion of modern democratic governance. Though ICT is crucial in representative governance but now it inflates both the magnitude and persuade. The study tries to treat them embedded in the governance nexus and connected to each other. The present study focuses on the nexus between ICT and refugee management which shaped the refugee governance landscape in transitional Bangladesh. The endeavor of the study is to answer the questions n how ICT and administration act and react with each other on the refugee governance issues and how it indicates the future role of administration in refugee management and resettlement. The study followed the content analysis method and primarily based on secondary sources of data to reach the inferences. The results found ICT as a comprehensive platform that includes the different stakeholders and emphasized the trade-off between them which in our case Rohingya refugees governance. It provides geo-localized support for them and specific aid during the adverse situation. It is also found that it helps the administration to identify the synchronized ideas of people that coordinate their actions to produce services for the people. The study concludes by arguing for the management and wrapping of multidimensional data through the observatory mechanism that could likely develop their life and incentives required for the administration to act in support of the governance and resettlement of refugees in the future.


2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Arjun K. Thapa

Despite Government of Nepal’s effort of universalizing basic free health care services and other demand side financing health schemes, there is an ongoing debate regarding equity in health service coverage, availability and high out of pocket payment. So this study intends to assess out of pocket payment and its associated factors and its implication on impoverishment. A cross sectional descriptive study was designed which is based on Nepal Living Standard Survey III 2010/11, a rich and well representative secondary data of Central Bureau of Statistics, National Planning Commission Nepal. The information about individuals who reported out of pocket healthcare payment was extracted from 28,747 individuals (or 7,020 households) of the survey. An individual from a household is considered as the unit of study. The major findings of the study show that age, caste ethnicity, place of residence, ecological belt and development region have statistically significant association with OOP payment. Due to OOP expenditure near about 3 percent of people are falling below the poverty line. The impoverishment rate is high among people residing in rural areas (3.4%), Terai belt (3.4%) and Eastern development region (3.7%). Higher impoverishment level in Terai and Eastern development region where health facilities are fairly available in comparison to remote Mountain belt, low developed Far west and Mid-west only signifies low availability and utilization of health services. So there is a need to address lacunae in fair coverage and utilization of health services across the country along with impoverishment.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document