scholarly journals Headache, eyestrain, and musculoskeletal symptoms in relation to smartphone and tablet use in healthy adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helle K. Falkenberg ◽  
Tina R Johansen ◽  
Hanne-Mari Schiøtz Thorud
Keyword(s):  
Neck Pain ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Musculoskeletal Symptoms ◽  
Viewing Distance ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Normal Vision

Neck pain and headache are leading causes of years lived with disability globally, and the prevalence is gradually increasing from school age to early adulthood. These symptoms have been linked to the use of digital devices. However, there is little knowledge related to this topic in adolescents, who spend increasingly more time using digital media. The aim of the study was to investigate eyestrain, headache, and musculoskeletal symptoms in relation to the use of tablets and smartphones in healthy adolescents with normal vision. Fifty healthy adolescents aged 11 – 13 years (mean = 12.1 (SD = 0.53)) with normal vision and development participated. A vision examination was performed by an authorised optometrist and an interview questionnaire measuring eyestrain, headache, and musculoskeletal symptoms in relation to screen use was filled out. In addition, screen time, ergonomics, participation in sports, and outdoor time were obtained. Forty-nine (98%) of the 50 children used a smartphone and 17 (34%) used a tablet. Overall, 12% to 41% experienced symptoms of headache, neck pain, tiredness and/or tired eyes while using smartphones and tablets. Nine (18%) experienced at least one symptom often or always while using their device. Musculoskeletal pain and headache were significantly associated with vision and eyestrain. Tablet use was associated with increased symptom scores compared to smartphone use. Increased screen time and shorter viewing distance were associated with eyestrain, headache, and neck pain. Children with neck- shoulder- and back pain were significantly (2.1 hours) less physically active than children without these symptoms. Most adolescents with good health and vision had no symptoms while using smartphones and tablets. However, a significant proportion still experienced symptoms of headache, neck pain, tiredness and tired eyes, and these symptoms were associated. Symptoms increased with screen time, shorter viewing distance and reduced participation in sports. This suggests that even healthy children with good vision may develop vision symptoms and musculoskeletal pain. Awareness should be raised among parents, teachers, eye care- and health care personnel, of the importance of good visual ergonomics and physical activity to promote health in adolescents.

scholarly journals Investigation of Screen Time Inclination and the Accompanying Visual and Musculoskeletal Discomfort in Young Smartphone Users

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 1753
Author(s):  
Ai-Hong Chen ◽  
Saiful Azlan Rosli ◽  
Ramlah Basri ◽  
Cosette Yoon Wey Hoe
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Neck Pain ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Musculoskeletal Symptoms ◽  
Musculoskeletal Symptom ◽  
Musculoskeletal Discomfort ◽  
Accompanying Symptoms ◽  
The Times ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire

The purpose of this study is to investigate the screen time inclination and its accompanying visual and musculoskeletal discomfort in young smartphone users. Thirty-one smartphone users aged between 20 - 30 years old were recruited through convenient sampling. The screen time patterns were recorded daily for a week and documented using Action Dash on Google Play Store according to the times of the day (morning, afternoon evening and night). Accompanying visual and musculoskeletal symptoms were examined through a self-reporting questionnaire survey. The questions used in the questionnaire were adapted and modified from the Asthenopia Questionnaire and Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. Results showed that young smartphone users spent approximately 30 % of their time on screen and were relatively similar for different times of the day. Daily screen time was approximately 7.36 ± 1.74 h. Most users engaged in WhatsApp (74 %), followed by YouTube (68 %), Instagram (65 %) and Twitter (39 %). Tired eyes were reported by all smartphone users. A positive correlation was only found between weekly screen time and eye strain (p < 0.05). All musculoskeletal symptoms were self-reported by young smartphone users in our study but anatomical locations varied in percentages. Neck pain was the most significant musculoskeletal symptom associated with screen time (OR = 4.80, 95 % CI: 0.95 - 24.14, p < 0.05). Every smartphone user reported at least 1 type of visual symptom. All smartphone users reported tired eyes. In conclusion, our results showed that smartphone users spent one third of their time daily on-screen and mostly on social media. Tired eyes and neck pain were the most common accompanying symptoms. Visuo-skeletal symptoms are common among young and healthy smartphone users. Our findings advocate that future strategic plans to address digital related health problems from the perspective of health education, promotion and protection should be inclusive of youth.  HIGHLIGHTS Excessive screen time is a public health concern Adverse health implications have been linked to excessive electronic usage Smartphone users spend one-third of their time daily on-screen and mostly on social media Visuo-skeletal symptoms are common among young and healthy smartphone users Tired eyes and neck pain are the most common accompanying symptoms GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

scholarly journals Protocol of a Randomized Control Trial to Reduce Screen-Time among children aged two to five years in Chandigarh, a North Indian Union Territory (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nimran Kaur ◽  
Madhu Gupta ◽  
Prahbhjot Malhi ◽  
Sandeep Grover
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Randomized Control Trial ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Primary Caregivers ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Union Territory

BACKGROUND Excessive digital-screen exposure (more than equal to one hour per day) is associated with children's low growth and development. OBJECTIVE To develop and assess a multi-component intervention program's effectiveness to reduce excessive screen-time among children of age two to five years. METHODS A theory-based multi-component intervention known as Program to Lower Unwanted Media Screens (PLUMS) at the household level will be developed. It is based on the social cognitive theory for children and self-determination theory for caregivers. A randomized control trial will be conducted to assess this intervention's effectiveness among healthy children aged 2-5 (±3 months) years and their primary-caregivers having at least one digital-media gadget at home in zone three of Chandigarh (population of 2,73,035), after pretesting. A sample size of 428 children is estimated per arm. PLUMS includes disseminating specific information, education, communication in the form of videos and posters to the primary caregivers and conducting motivational interviewing as and when needed. Children will be suggested playful activities as alternatives to digital-media gadgets. The primary outcome is the mean change in the duration of screen-time and secondary outcomes are sleep duration and patterns, emotional-behavioral problems, and the level of physical activity of the children. Per protocol and intention to treat analysis will be done using IBM SPSS Statistics for Macintosh, Version 25.0. RESULTS The intervention package will be disseminated once a week for eight weeks to the participants via preferred means of communication of the caregivers. The end line assessment will be done post-intervention immediately and after the six months of follow-up. Institute's ethics committee, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India, had approved this study. (INT/IEC/2019/000711). The Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi (3/1/3/Next-100/JRF-2015/HRD), and PGIMER, Chandigarh (71/2-Edu-16/92, Dated 08/01/2018) has funded this study. CONCLUSIONS A Program to Lower Unwanted Media Screens (PLUMS) might be effective in reducing the excessive screen time among children age two to five years in a North Indian Union Territory. CLINICALTRIAL The trial has been registered in Clinical Trial Registry India (CTRI/2017/09/009761) available on http://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/advsearch.php.

scholarly journals Mealtime Environment and Control of Food Intake in Healthy Children and in Children with Gastrointestinal Diseases

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Katerina Sdravou ◽  
Elpida Emmanouilidou-Fotoulaki ◽  
Athanasia Printza ◽  
Elias Andreoulakis ◽  
Athanasios Evangeliou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Child Autonomy ◽  
And Control ◽  
Mealtime Environment

Parental feeding practices and mealtime routine significantly influence a child’s eating behavior. The aim of this study was to investigate the mealtime environment in healthy children and children with gastrointestinal diseases. We conducted a cross-sectional case–control study among 787 healthy, typically developing children and 141 children with gastrointestinal diseases, aged two to seven years. Parents were asked to provide data on demographics and describe their mealtime environment by answering to 24 closed-ended questions. It was found that the majority of the children had the same number of meals every day and at the same hour. Parents of both groups exerted considerable control on the child’s food intake by deciding both when and what their child eats. Almost one third of the parents also decided how much their child eats. The two groups differed significantly in nine of the 24 questions. The study showed that both groups provided structured and consistent mealtime environments. However, a significant proportion of children did not control how much they eat which might impede their ability to self-regulate eating. The presence of a gastrointestinal disease was found to be associated with reduced child autonomy, hampered hunger cues and frequent use of distractions during meals.

scholarly journals Health literacy level in a various nephrology population from Québec: predialysis clinic, in-centre hemodialysis and home dialysis; a transversal monocentric observational study

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Annabel Boyer ◽  
Yannick Begin ◽  
Julie Dupont ◽  
Mathieu Rousseau-Gagnon ◽  
Nicolas Fernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Home Dialysis ◽  
Limited Health Literacy ◽  
Limited Health

Abstract Background Health literacy refers to the ability of individuals to gain access to, use, and understand health information and services in order to maintain a good health. It is especially important in nephrology due to the complexity of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The present study sought to define health literacy levels in patients followed in predialysis clinic, in-center dialysis (ICHD), peritoneal dialysis (PD) and home hemodialysis (HHD). Methods This transversal monocentric observational study analysed 363 patients between October 2016 and April 2017. The Brief Health Literacy Screen (BHLS) and the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ) were used to measure health literacy. Multivariate linear regressions were used to compare the mean scores on the BHLS and HLQ, across the four groups. Results Patients on PD had a significantly higher BHLS’score than patients on ICHD (p = 0.04). HLQ’s scores differed across the groups: patients on HHD (p = 0.01) and PD (p = 0.002) were more likely to feel understood by their healthcare providers. Compared to ICHD, patients on HHD were more likely to have sufficient information to manage their health (p = 0.02), and patients in the predialysis clinic were more likely to report high abilities for health information appraisal (p < 0.001). Conclusion In a monocentric study, there is a significant proportion of CKD patients, especially in predialysis clinic and in-centre hemodialysis, with limited health literacy. Patients on home dialysis (HHD and PD) had a higher level of health literacy compared to the other groups.

scholarly journals Headache and musculoskeletal pain in school children are associated with uncorrected vision problems and need for glasses: a case–control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanne-Mari Schiøtz Thorud ◽  
Rakel Aurjord ◽  
Helle K. Falkenberg
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
School Children ◽  
School Health ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Musculoskeletal Symptoms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pain Group ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Years Lived With Disability ◽  
Near Work

AbstractMusculoskeletal pain and headache are leading causes of years lived with disability, and an escalating problem in school children. Children spend increasingly more time reading and using digital screens, and increased near tasks intensify the workload on the precise coordination of the visual and head-stabilizing systems. Even minor vision problems can provoke headache and neck- and shoulder (pericranial) pain. This study investigated the association between headaches, pericranial tenderness, vision problems, and the need for glasses in children. An eye and physical examination was performed in twenty 10–15 year old children presenting to the school health nurse with headache and pericranial pain (pain group), and twenty age-and-gender matched classmates (control group). The results showed that twice as many children in the pain group had uncorrected vision and needed glasses. Most children were hyperopic, and glasses were recommended mainly for near work. Headache and pericranial tenderness were significantly correlated to reduced binocular vision, reduced distance vision, and the need for new glasses. That uncorrected vision problems are related to upper body musculoskeletal symptoms and headache, indicate that all children with these symptoms should have a full eye examination to promote health and academic performance.

scholarly journals Efficacy of an intervention based on workplace exercises regarding burnout and musculoskeletal pain

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A P Amaral ◽  
G Santos ◽  
M Pocinho
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Burnout Syndrome ◽  
Musculoskeletal Symptoms ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Administrative Employees ◽  
Workplace Exercises

Abstract Background Work stress is associated with a wide range of mental and physical symptoms and presents a challenge in public health. In this study, we highlighted burnout syndrome and musculoskeletal pain. The main goal was to test the efficacy of an intervention based on compensatory workplace exercises in the reduction of burnout levels and musculoskeletal pain. The questions were: 1) How high are the levels of burnout and musculoskeletal pain before the intervention? 2) Does the intervention contribute to reduce the levels of burnout and musculoskeletal pain? Methods This study was conducted in a hospital and employed a pre pos-test design using the following measures: Maslach Burnout Inventory - General Survey and the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. The participants are 49 administrative employees, 61.2% females with a mean age of 38.3 years (SD = 11.6). The intervention program consisted of 18 sessions of compensatory workplace exercises, held for five weeks, with a frequency of three sessions per week. Results In relation to burnout, the results obtained before the intervention (mean values) suggest moderate Exhaustion (2.50±0.94), higher Cynicism (3.27±0.92) and lower Professional Efficacy (1.81±0.41). Concerning musculoskeletal pain, it was more prevalent in the shoulders (69.4%) and back (upper 67.3% and lower 65.3%), followed by the thighs and neck (both 61.2%). After intervention, the results showed a significant (p &lt; 0.05) decrease of burnout and all musculoskeletal symptoms evaluated. Conclusions The results support the effectiveness of the compensatory workplace exercises in the reduction of burnout and musculoskeletal symptoms contributing to mental and physical health of the workers involved. This study was innovative due to the studied link between burnout and compensatory workplace exercises. Moreover, this study led to changes in the hospital, which implemented better practices for a healthier life of the workers. Key messages The intervention based on compensatory workplace exercises reduced burnout and musculoskeletal pain in a sample of administrative employees and had impact in the health policies of the hospital. The implemented intervention promoted workers' physical and mental health and led to better health practices in the hospital.

Exposure aboard high-performance Marine craft increases musculoskeletal pain and lowers contemporary work capacity of the occupants

2020 ◽  
pp. 147509022098146
Author(s):  
Manudul Pahansen de Alwis ◽  
Riccardo LoMartire ◽  
Björn O Äng ◽  
Karl Garme
Keyword(s):  
Neck Pain ◽  
Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
Performance Degradation ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Exposure Conditions

High-Performance Marine Craft (HPMC) occupants are currently being investigated for various psychophysical impairments degrading work performance postulating that these deteriorations are related to their occupational exposures. However, scientific evidence for this is lacking and the association of exposure conditions aboard HPMC with adverse health and performance effects is unknown. Therefore, the study estimates the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain (MSP) among HPMC occupants and the association of their work exposure with MSP and performance degradation. It also presents a criterion for evaluating the self-reported exposure severity aboard three different types of mono-hull HPMC; displacement, semi-displacement and planing, on a par with the available standard criteria for objectively measurable exposures. Furthermore, another criterion is proposed to assess the performance-degradation of HPMC occupants based on self-reported fatigue symptoms and MSP. Swedish Coast Guard HPMC occupants were surveyed for MSP, fatigue symptoms as well as for work-related and individual risk indicators using a validated web-based questionnaire. Prevalence of MSP and performance-degradation during the past 12 months were assessed and presented as a percentage of the sample. Associations of exposure conditions aboard HPMC with MSP and performance-capacity were systematically evaluated using multiple logistic regression models and expressed as odds ratio (OR). Prevalence of MSP was 72% among which lower back pain was the most prevalent (46%) followed by neck pain (29%) and shoulder pain (23%) while 29% with degraded performance. Exposure to severe conditions aboard semi-displacement craft was associated with lower back (OR = 2.3) and shoulder (OR = 2.6) pain while severe conditions aboard planing craft with neck pain (OR = 2.3) and performance-degradation (OR = 2.6). MSP is common among Swedish coast guards. Severe exposure conditions aboard HPMC are significantly associated with both MSP and performance-degradation. The spine and shoulders are the most susceptible to work-related MSP among HPMC occupants which should be targeted in work-related preventive and corrective measures.

Cultural adaptation, validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Questionnaire in acute and subacute neck pain

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Şule Şimşek ◽  
Nesrin Yağcı ◽  
Hande Şenol
Keyword(s):  
Neck Pain ◽  
Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Neck Disability Index ◽  
Fear Avoidance ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Pain Questionnaire ◽  
Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Questionnaire ◽  
Neck Disability ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Background/aims The Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Questionnaire is categorised as a ‘yellow flag’ pain-associated psychological distress screening tool, which predicts long-term disability. The aim of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of the Turkish translation of the Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Questionnaire in patients with acute and subacute neck pain. Methods The test–retest reliability and internal consistency were assessed with the intraclass correlation coefficient and Cronbach's α. Construct validity was assessed with a visual analogue scale, the Neck Disability Index and the Fear Avoidance Belief Questionnaire. Results Cronbach's α value was found to be 0.790, test–retest reliability was 0.99. The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.999 (95% confidence interval: 0.998–0.999; P=0.000). The Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Questionnaire showed a moderate positive correlation with the Neck Disability Index (r=0.544; P=0.0001), a weak correlation with the Fear Avoidance Belief Questionnaire (r=0.264; P=0.0001) but no correlation with the visual analogue scale. Conclusions The Turkish version of the Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Questionnaire is a valid, reliable and acceptable screening tool in patients with acute and subacute neck pain.

scholarly journals The Associations between Screen Time and Sleep Duration, and Body Mass Index (BMI) in under Five-Year-Old Children

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Sourtiji ◽  
Mehdi Rassafiani ◽  
Seyed Ali Hosseini ◽  
Mohammad Esmaeil Motlagh ◽  
Mehdi Noroozi
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Screen Viewing

Today, due to recent developments in technology, children devote plenty of time for screen viewing. However, its harmful effects are not yet clear. The purpose of present study was to examine the associations among screen viewing and sleep duration, and body mass index (BMI) in under-five years old children. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 322 under-five healthy children that were selected using multistage stratified cluster sampling method in 2017. The data that were gathered by time-use diary method were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Spearman correlation tests, multiple linear regression analysis, one-way ANCOVA, two-way ANCOVA. There was a negative correlation between screen time and sleep duration (rs = -0.42, p = 0.00), positive correlation between screen time and BMI (rs = 0.38, p = 0.00) and sleep duration negatively correlated with BMI (rs = -0.22, p = 0.00). screen viewing was a predictive factor for both sleep duration (&beta; = -0.26, p = 0.00) and BMI (&beta; = -0.26, p = 0.00). screen viewing had a significant impact on sleep duration (4, 314) = 5.02, P = 0.001) and BMI (F (4, 314) = 1.16, P=0.298). Results of this study indicated that screen viewing is related to sleep duration and BMI in under-five children. furthermore, screen time has an impact on sleep duration and BMI scores of children. findings of our study suggest that sleep duration negatively is associated with BMI in under-five-year-old children.

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