scholarly journals Pesticide Concentrations in Vacuum Dust from Farm Homes: Variation between Planting and Nonplanting Seasons

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay Golla ◽  
Brian Curwin ◽  
Wayne Sanderson ◽  
Marcia Nishioka
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pesticide Contamination ◽  
Farm Families ◽  
Pesticide Exposures ◽  
Potential Sources ◽  
Exposure Levels ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Planting Season

The hazards of chronic low-level pesticide exposures inside homes have received little attention. Research to date does not provide answers regarding the long-term potential bioavailability of pesticides in homes and its risk factors. The purpose of this study was to investigate pesticide levels in Iowa homes during one year and assess the relationship between exposure levels and potential sources of pesticide contamination. The study involved sampling surveys of the target pesticide atrazine among 32 farm families in a three-county area of Iowa during the planting season (April–June) and nonplanting season (November-December). Dust samples were collected, and information gathered through questionnaires to evaluate pesticide migration inside homes. This study found that dust in every farm home surveyed was contaminated with atrazine during both seasons and these concentrations significantly decreased by the nonplanting season. Pesticide amounts, acreage, and spraying time determined the presence and persistence of this herbicide inside farm homes.

Long-term effects of an intensive prevention program (IPP) after acute myocardial infarction – the IPP Follow-up and Prevention Boost Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Wienbergen ◽  
A Fach ◽  
S Meyer ◽  
J Schmucker ◽  
R Osteresch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Prevention Program ◽  
Study Endpoint ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Risk Factor Control ◽  
One Year

Abstract Background The effects of an intensive prevention program (IPP) for 12 months following 3-week rehabilitation after myocardial infarction (MI) have been proven by the randomized IPP trial. The present study investigates if the effects of IPP persist one year after termination of the program and if a reintervention after >24 months (“prevention boost”) is effective. Methods In the IPP trial patients were recruited during hospitalization for acute MI and randomly assigned to IPP versus usual care (UC) one month after discharge (after 3-week rehabilitation). IPP was coordinated by non-physician prevention assistants and included intensive group education sessions, telephone calls, telemetric and clinical control of risk factors. Primary study endpoint was the IPP Prevention Score, a sum score evaluating six major risk factors. The score ranges from 0 to 15 points, with a score of 15 points indicating best risk factor control. In the present study the effects of IPP were investigated after 24 months – one year after termination of the program. Thereafter, patients of the IPP study arm with at least one insufficiently controlled risk factor were randomly assigned to a 2-months reintervention (“prevention boost”) vs. no reintervention. Results At long-term follow-up after 24 months, 129 patients of the IPP study arm were compared to 136 patients of the UC study arm. IPP was associated with a significantly better risk factor control compared to UC at 24 months (IPP Prevention Score 10.9±2.3 points in the IPP group vs. 9.4±2.3 points in the UC group, p<0.01). However, in the IPP group a decrease of risk factor control was observed at the 24-months visit compared to the 12-months visit at the end of the prevention program (IPP Prevention Score 10.9±2.3 points at 24 months vs. 11.6±2.2 points at 12 months, p<0.05, Figure 1). A 2-months reintervention (“prevention boost”) was effective to improve risk factor control during long-term course: IPP Prevention Score increased from 10.5±2.1 points to 10.7±1.9 points in the reintervention group, while it decreased from 10.5±2.1 points to 9.7±2.1 points in the group without reintervention (p<0.05 between the groups, Figure 1). Conclusions IPP was associated with a better risk factor control compared to UC during 24 months; however, a deterioration of risk factors after termination of IPP suggests that even a 12-months prevention program is not long enough. The effects of a short reintervention after >24 months (“prevention boost”) indicate the need for prevention concepts that are based on repetitive personal contacts during long-term course after coronary events. Figure 1 Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Foundation. Main funding source(s): Stiftung Bremer Herzen (Bremen Heart Foundation)

scholarly journals FGF21 Levels in Pheochromocytoma/Functional Paraganglioma

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judita Klímová ◽  
Tomáš Zelinka ◽  
Ján Rosa ◽  
Branislav Štrauch ◽  
Denisa Haluzíková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽  
Tumor Removal ◽  
Anthropometric Indices ◽  
Secondary Diabetes ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Biochemical Measurements ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Relationship

Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a hepatokine with beneficial effects on metabolism. Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between the serum FGF21, and energy and glucose metabolism in 40 patients with pheochromocytoma/functional paraganglioma (PPGL), in comparison with 21 obese patients and 26 lean healthy controls. 27 patients with PPGL were examined one year after tumor removal. Basic anthropometric and biochemical measurements were done. Energy metabolism was measured by indirect calorimetry (Vmax-Encore 29N). FGF21 was measured by ELISA. FGF21 was higher in PPGL than in controls (174.2 (283) pg/mL vs. 107.9 (116) pg/mL; p < 0.001) and comparable with obese (174.2 (283) pg/mL vs. 160.4 (180); p = NS). After tumor removal, FGF21 decreased (176.4 (284) pg/mL vs. 131.3 (225) pg/mL; p < 0.001). Higher levels of FGF21 were expressed, particularly in patients with diabetes. FGF21 positively correlated in PPGL with age (p = 0.005), BMI (p = 0.028), glycemia (p = 0.002), and glycated hemoglobin (p = 0.014). In conclusion, long-term catecholamine overproduction in PPGL leads to the elevation in serum FGF21, especially in patients with secondary diabetes. FGF21 levels were comparable between obese and PPGL patients, despite different anthropometric indices. We did not find a relationship between FGF21 and hypermetabolism in PPGL. Tumor removal led to the normalization of FGF21 and the other metabolic abnormalities.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Corrosion Behavior of Tank 51 Sludge-Based Glass and a Nonradioactive Homologue Glass

1996 ◽  
Vol 465 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Nuñez ◽  
W. L. Ebert ◽  
S. F. Wolf ◽  
J. K. Bates
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Lower Solution ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Consistency Test ◽  
Glass Corrosion ◽  
Dissolution Tests ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Solution Volume

ABSTRACTWe are characterizing the corrosion behavior of the radioactive glass that was made with sludge from Tank 51 at the Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF) and a nonradioactive glass having the same composition, except for the absence of radionuclides. Static dissolution tests are being conducted in a tuff groundwater solution at glass surface area/solution volume ratios (S/V) of 2000 and 20,000 m−1. These tests are being conducted to assess the relationship between the behavior of this glass in a 7-day Product Consistency Test and in long-term tests, to assess the effects of radionuclides on the glass corrosion behavior, and to measure the disposition of radionuclides that are released as the radioactive glass corrodes. The radioactive glass reacts slower than the nonradioactive glass through the longest test durations completed to date, which are 140 days for tests at 2000 m−1 and about 400 days for tests at 20,000 m−1. This is probably because radiolysis results in lower solution pH values being maintained in tests with the radioactive glass. Rate-affecting alteration phases that had formed within one year in tests with other glasses having compositions similar to the Tank 51 glass have not yet formed in tests with either glass.

Long-term medical cannabis use and risk factors for diversion: Report on physician's guidance and patients’ behaviour

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
Sharon R. Sznitman ◽  
Victoria Goldberg ◽  
Hedva Sheinman-Yuffe ◽  
Yuval Zolotov ◽  
Ezequiel Flechter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Medical Cannabis ◽  
Safety Practices ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Safe Storage ◽  
Regular Manner ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractObjectivesVarious jurisdictions have legalized cannabis for medical purposes. As with all psychoactive medications, medical cannabis carries a risk of diversion and accidental ingestion. These risks may be particularly high among long-term medical cannabis patients as safety practices may become less salient to patients once the treatment becomes part of everyday life. The current study examines whether patients who have used medical cannabis for longer periods differ from those who have used for shorter periods in terms of sociodemographic background and other key aspects of medical cannabis use. Furthermore, the study examines the relationship between length of medical cannabis treatment and risk factors related to storage and diversion. Finally, the study examines the extent to which oncologists provide information to their patients about safe storage and disposal.MethodsOne hundred twenty-one medical cannabis oncology patients were interviewed face-to-face and 55 oncologists participated in a survey about safe storage and disposal practices related to medical cannabis.ResultsLength of medical cannabis treatment was related to administration by smoking and using higher monthly dosages. In terms of risk for unsafe storage and diversion, length of medical cannabis was positively associated with using cannabis outside the home and having been asked to give away medical cannabis. Physicians did not report providing information to patients regarding safe storage and disposal practices in a regular manner.Significance of resultsResults suggest that there is an ongoing risk of unsafe storage and diversion over the course of medical cannabis treatment. Oncologists may need to give more consistent and continued training in safe storage and disposal practices, especially among long-term medical cannabis patients.

scholarly journals Loyalty Programmes of Selective Grocery Retailers in the Czech Republic

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 617-625
Author(s):  
Petra Solarová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Target Groups ◽  
Similar Time ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Interesting Fact ◽  
Time Determination ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Relationship

This paper deals with long term loyalty programmes of selective grocery retailers who operate in the market within the Czech Republic. Only those loyalty programmes designed for the end customers are taken into account, so this study is concerned with the B2C area. A long term loyalty programmes last at least for one year, i.e. twelve months (this time determination is valid for purposes of this paper). The main aim of this paper is to identify the single elements and principles occurring in long term loyalty programmes and then to develop an illustrative model. The presented output is a model of long term loyalty programmes that captures the three following phases: the establishment, development (or building) and termination of the relationship. In addition, from the empirical research, an interesting fact has emerged: two of the analysed long term loyalty programmes were launched at a similar time. This could be explained through the tendency for companies to copy the successful activities insigated by their competitors. Furthermore, the next remarkable phenomenon is that one grocery chain runs two long term loyalty programmes at the same time and the target groups of these programmes overlap. A possible explanation could be that the chain is making efforts to interest as many as possible of its different customers.

scholarly journals Antibiotic prophylaxis and inflammatory complications after Cesarean section

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-148
Author(s):  
Hasan Karahasan ◽  
Dženita Ljuca ◽  
Nermin Karahasan ◽  
Alija Šuko ◽  
Adnan Babović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Premature Rupture Of Membranes ◽  
Premature Rupture ◽  
Surgical Methods ◽  
Common Risk Factors ◽  
Postoperative Inflammatory Complications ◽  
One Year

Introduction: Gynaecological and obstetric surgeries are high risk operations for the development of postoperative inflammatory complications due to the proximity of the genitourinary tract. The aim of this study was to compare the frequency of inflammatory complications in emergency or elective cases of caesarean sections as well as the frequency of complications related to the method of surgical treatment used.Methods: We analyzed inflammatory complications in 450 caesarean sections, which developed in a one year period from June 1st, 2000. to June 1st 2001. Patients were grouped according to the method of the surgery, and on emergency or elective case. Misgav Ladach or Dorfler surgical methods were used.Results: The most common inflammatory complication was wound infection and the most common risk factors for inflammatory complications were premature rupture of membranes and anemia.Conclusions: Long term use of one antibiotic was the most commonly implemented form of antibiotic prophylaxis.

scholarly journals Tourism and Poverty Reduction in Mexico: An ARDL Cointegration Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Garza-Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Structural Break ◽  
Household Consumption ◽  
International Tourism ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Correction Model ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Relationship

The objective of this paper was to investigate, with respect to the case of Mexico, the relationship between international tourism and the magnitude of poverty during the period of 1980–2017, through the use of an autoregressive distributed lags (ARDL) cointegration model with a structural break. The econometric results obtained in this paper indicate that there is a long-term relationship between international tourism and the reduction of poverty. It was found that for every 1% increase in international tourism, household consumption per capita increases 0.46% (and, therefore, poverty decreases). In the short term, it was found that a 1% increase in international tourism leads to a 0.11 % increase in household consumption per capita (a decrease in poverty). The coefficient of the error correction model indicates that 23.9% of any movement into disequilibrium is corrected within one year. To corroborate these results, a Toda–Yamamoto Granger causality test was carried out, indicating a unidirectional causality relationship from international tourism towards the reduction of poverty.

scholarly journals The Impact of a Time Gap on the Process of Building a Sustainable Relationship between Employee and Customer Satisfaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7446
Author(s):  
Lukasz Skowron ◽  
Marcin Gąsior ◽  
Monika Sak-Skowron
Keyword(s):  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Customer Service ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Time Shift ◽  
Time Gap ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this paper is to describe the relationships between changes in employee indices (motivation and satisfaction) and customer indices (satisfaction and loyalty) in a single- and multi-term perspective. The article presents the results of primary research conducted in two industries (banking services and shopping centers) during three annual reference periods. The authors used the PLS-SEM method in the analytical process. The results of the research suggest that there is a strong relationship between changes in the areas of employee and customer satisfaction in the studied sectors, with a one-year time shift, which the authors called the “time gap”. In addition, it turned out that the strength of influence of the employee’s motivation level on customers is clearly lower than the strength of influence of the employee satisfaction. The occurrence of a “time gap” between employee and customer processes suggests that any changes introduced in the area of customer service as well as broadly understood human resource management policy need some time to become sustainable—to be noticed by the market and coded in the minds of the recipients of the offer as the new and currently applicable standard. The article makes a successful attempt at a long-term analysis of the relationship between employees and customers, assuming a time delay between both phenomena. As a result of the conducted research, it was possible to operationalize the discussed relationship in terms of strength and direction as well as the time shift.

Coagulopathy on the first postoperative day predicting the long-term survival of traumatic brain injury patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenxing Cui ◽  
Shunnan Ge ◽  
Yingwu Shi ◽  
Xun Wu ◽  
Jianing Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Underlying Risk

Abstract Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between coagulopathy during the perioperative period (before the operation and on the first day after the operation) and the long-term survival of TBI patients undergoing surgery, as well as to explore the predisposing risk factors that may cause perioperative coagulopathy.Methods: This retrospective study included 447 TBI patients who underwent surgery from January 1, 2015 to April 25, 2019. Clinical parameters, including patient demographic characteristics, biochemical tests, perioperative coagulation function tests (before the operation and on the first day after the operation) and intraoperative factors were collected. Log-rank univariate analysis and Cox regression models were conducted to assess the relationship between perioperative coagulopathy and the long-term survival of TBI patients. Furthermore, univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify the underlying risk factors for perioperative coagulopathy.Results: Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified age, AIS(head) = 5, GCS ≤ 8, systolic pressure at admission < 90 mmHg and postoperative coagulopathy (all P < 0.05) as independent risk factors for survival following TBI; we were the first to identify postoperative coagulopathy as an independent risk factor. According to multivariate logistic regression analysis, for the first time, abnormal ALT and RBC at admission, preoperative coagulopathy, infusion of colloidal solution > 1100 mL and intraoperative bleeding > 950 mL (all P < 0.005) were identified as independent risk factors for postoperative coagulation following surgery after TBI.Conclusions: Those who suffered from postoperative coagulopathy due to TBI had a higher hazard for poor prognosis than those who did not. Closer attention should be paid to postoperative coagulopathy and more emphasis should be placed on managing the underlying risk factors.

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