The Effectiveness of Purslane Extract Provision on Liver of White Rats (Rattus norvegicus) with High Fat Diet

Most animal owners provide fatty food with high cholesterol level that exceeds the needs of their pets. The pattern of giving a high-fat diet causes interference with the cholesterol synthesis in the body. It can damage the liver by causing fatty degeneration, hepatic cirrhosis, and eventually necrosis of the liver. The purpose of the current study was to determine the effectiveness of Purslane extract (Portulaca oleracea L.) on the liver histopathological image of white rats (Rattus norvegicus) with a high-fat diet. The current study used an experimental method with a completely randomized design on 20 males white mouses (Rattus norvegicus) divided into five treatment groups. There were two control groups, the first group received standard feed (Pellet) and Carboxymethyl Cellulose Sodium 1%, while the second was given standard feed and a high-fat diet. Three treatment groups which included P1, P2, P3 were given standard feed, a high-fat diet, and purslane extract solution with 54 mg/day, 108 mg/day, and 216 mg/day, respectively. Research results from the mean rank of fatty degeneration which was measured using the Kruskal Wallis test presented significant differences, and the results from the mean of fatty degeneration using the Mann Whitney test did not indicate any significant difference. Liver cell necrosis from the two tests presented a significant difference. Purslane extract (Portulaca oleracea L.) was confirmed to be effective in reducing or decreasing hepatocyte cell damage after receiving a high-fat diet.

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Effect Administration of Ethanol Extract of Bitter Melon (Momordica Charantia L.) On The Reduction of MDA (Malondialdehyde) Levels Serum in Rats Given a High-Fat Diet

Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran Wijaya Kusuma ◽

10.30742/jikw.v7i2.466 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 196

Author(s):

Andiani Andiani ◽

Made Subhawa Harsa

Keyword(s):

Rattus Norvegicus ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Momordica Charantia ◽

The Body ◽

Control Group ◽

Bitter Melon ◽

High Fat ◽

White Rats ◽

Ad Libitum

Hyperlipidemia is a disease whichthe effect in increased fat levels in the blood. In hyperlipidemia, the condition of high oxidative stress is obtained due to the oxidation process of LDL (Low Density Lipoprotein) in the body, this condition showed by increased of MDA (Malondialdehyde) levels in serum. Bitter melon (Momordica Charantia L.) contains a lot of active ingredients, one of the ingredients of bitter melon that is thought to have antilipidemic effects is flavonoid compounds. This study was experimental study using a randomized posttest only control group design study with a sample size of 30 male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) wistar strain which was divided into 3 groups, namely K1, K2, and K3. In each group, different treatments are given. Negative control group (K1), given standard feed, water ad libitum; Positive control group (K2), given standard feed, high fat feed with a dose of 2.5 ml water ad libitum; The treatment group (K3) was given a standard diet, high-fat feed with a dose of 2.5 ml water ad libitum and extract of bitter melonat a dose of 250 mg / kg BB by orally every morning for 3 weeks. Data analysis using One Way Anova Test. From the results of the test shows the significance of p-value = 0.000 which is <α (0.05). The results showed that there was an effect of administration ethanol extract of bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) to decrease in serum MDA (malondialdehyde) levels in male white wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) given a high-fat diet.

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Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Anggur Laut terhadap Penurunan Kadar Kolesterol LDL Rattus norvegicus Jantan yang Mendapat Diet Tinggi Lemak

Hang Tuah Medical journal ◽

10.30649/htmj.v17i2.340 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 192

Author(s):

RONALDO LAU ◽

SULISTIANA PRABOWO ◽

RIAMI RIAMI

Keyword(s):

Cholesterol Level ◽

Rattus Norvegicus ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Ldl Cholesterol ◽

White Male ◽

Standard Diet ◽

High Fat ◽

Caulerpa Racemosa ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Male Wistar Rats

ABSTRACTBackground: High fat diet increase the absorption of lipid in the intestinum, that can lead to increase LDL cholesterol level in the blood. Sea grapes extract (Caulerpa racemosa) contains antioxidant polyphenolic group that can reduce MTP and ACAT-2 in the body that can decrease LDL cholesterol level in the blood.The purpose of this study is to know the effect of sea grapes extract on decreasing LDL cholesterol of white male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) fed with high fat diet.Method: 24 white male Wistar rats, that divided into 3 groups: 1) group of rats fed with standard diet for 28 days; 2) group of rats fed with high fat diet for 28 days; 3) group of rats fed with high fat diet for 28 days and given 10 gram/kg body weight/day of sea grapes extract on 15th-28th days. Then the blood LDL cholesterol level measured on the 29th day.Result : One-Way ANOVA Test showed there was significant difference (p=0.004) of LDL level between the group of rats fed with standard diet (12.37 mg/dl) compared to group of rats fed with high fat diet (17.87 mg/dl). There was significant difference (p=0.001) of LDL level between the group of rats fed with high fat diet (17.87 mg/dl) compared to group of rats fed with high fat diet and sea grapes extract (10.12 mg/dl).Conclusion: high fat diet significantly increase blood LDL cholesterol level and sea grapes extract (Caulerpa racemosa) significantly decrease blood LDL cholesterol level. Keywords :Sea grapes extract, LDL cholesterol, high fat diet

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Particular Matter of Motor Vehicle Exposure and High-Fat Diet Effects on Kidney Histopathology, Creatinine, and Malondialdehyde (MDA) Levels in Wistar Rats

Indonesian Journal of Environmental Management and Sustainability ◽

10.26554/ijems.2021.5.3.124-128 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 124-128

Author(s):

Rizka Veni ◽

Awal Prasetyo ◽

Muflihatul Muniroh

Keyword(s):

High Fat Diet ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Motor Vehicle ◽

Histopathological Change ◽

Normal Diet ◽

Control Group ◽

High Fat ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Significant Difference

This study aims to analyze the effect of combination of motor vehicle particular matter exposure and high-fat diet in kidney histopathology, creatinine levels, and MDA levels in Wistar rats. This study used a posttest-only control group design. Eighteen healthy male Wistar rats were divided into three groups. The intervention groups received motor vehicle fume exposure for 100 s with normal diet (X1) or high-fat diet (X2), and the control group received no exposure (C). Data analysis was processed with a SPSS 25.0 computer program by using the one-way ANOVA test followed by post hoc LSD. The degree of kidney histopathological damage showed significant differences between the X1 and X2 groups when compared with the control group (p < 0.05). The results of the creatinine level examination found a significant difference between the X2 and C groups (p < 0.05) and the treatment groups X1 and X2 (p < 0.05). The results of kidney MDA level examination showed a significant difference between the treatment groups (X1 and X2) and the control group (p < 0.05). The combination of particular matter of motor vehicle fumes exposure and high-fat diet could induce kidney damage through histopathological change and increased creatinine levels and kidney MDA levels in Wistar rats.

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The Correlation of Weight and Blood Cholesterol Levels of White Rat (Rattus Norvegicus) with High-Fat Diet

Jurnal Ners dan Kebidanan (Journal of Ners and Midwifery) ◽

10.26699/jnk.v3i3.art.p202-206 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 202-206

Author(s):

Thatit Nurmawati

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Rattus Norvegicus ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Egg Yolk ◽

The Body ◽

Blood Cholesterol ◽

High Fat ◽

Data Measurement ◽

Cholesterol Levels

Cholesterol is an essential substance for the body. The role of cholesterol as material hormones,cell membranare needed by the body. This conditionchanges into a distrubtion if the cholesterollevels in the blood increase. Weight becomes one of this trigger. The consumption of high-fat foodsincrease weight which resulting in the increase of cholesterol cases. The purpose of this study was todetermine the level of correlations between weight and cholesterol levels after being given a high-fatdiet.The study used rats (Rattus norvegicus) sex male, 16 rats with age between 1-2 months. Rats weightrange between 100-150 gr and in healthy conditions. The giving of high-fat diet were in the form ofchicken feed, duck eggs, goat oil, lard and flour for 8 weeks. The data measurement done by scales andmeasuringcholesterol levels through the end of the tail by means of easy touch. The data analysis weredone to understand level of correlation between variables. The presentation of the data used tables. Theresults showed body weight of rats did not change after administration of a high-fat diet. The cholesterolslevels of the subjects were high. Theadministration of high-fat diet from egg yolk dan goat oilcouldincrease the level of cholesterol. There was a correlation between weight and cholesterol levels afterbeing given a high-fat diet (p <0.5). It was needed to repeatthe measurements to determine changes incholesterol levels and other factors that affect thigh blood to cholesterol levels.

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Biochemical and Oxidative Changes in High Fat Diet/Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats Treated with Metformin and the Polyherbal Diawell

Journal of Complementary and Alternative Medical Research ◽

10.9734/jocamr/2019/v7i430107 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

O. N. Briggs ◽

E. O. Nwachuku ◽

D. Tamuno-Emine ◽

N. Nsirim ◽

K. N. Elechi-Amadi

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Diabetic Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

High Fat ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Oxidant Status

Diabetes mellitus is an epidemic, with a huge disease burden on the patients. This has led to an increase in the use of herbal remedies and combination therapies to reduce this burden. Aim: This study evaluates the biochemical and oxidative changes in type 2 diabetic rats, treated with metformin and the polyherbal drug diawell. Methodology: A total of 35 male Wistar albino rats weighing between 120-220 g were used for this study. The rats were placed on high fat diet, and diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of freshly prepared streptozotocin (STZ) (45 mg/kg body wt). Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was determined using the glucose oxidase method. Fasting plasma insulin (FPI), total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were quantitatively determined by a rat-specific sandwich-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Insulin resistance (IR) was determined using the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) method. Oxidative stress index (OSI) was determined by the ratio of TOS to TAS. Phytochemical analysis was also done on the herbal tablet. Results: Mean FPG levels were significantly lower (p˂0.05) in all groups, except the group administered diawell, which was not significantly different (p>0.05), compared to the diabetic control. Mean FPG levels were significantly higher (p˂0.05) in the metformin group, diawell group, but showed no significant difference (p>0.05) in the combination group, compared to the negative control. HOMA-IR was significantly higher (p<0.05) in the diabetic control compared to the negative control and treatment groups. The metformin and diawell groups had significantly higher (p˂0.05) HOMA-IR values, whereas the combination (metformin + diawell) showed no significant difference (p>0.05) when compared to the negative control. TOS was significantly higher (p<0.05) in the diabetic control compared to the negative control and treatment groups. The metformin and diawell groups had significantly higher (p˂0.05) TOS values, whereas the combination (metformin + diawell) showed no significant difference (p>0.05) when compared to the negative control. There was significantly lower (p˂0.05) TAS levels in the diabetic and treatment groups, compared to the negative control. OSI values were significantly lower (p˂0.05) in all groups when compared to the diabetic control. Also, OSI values were significantly higher (p˂0.05) in the treatment groups compared to the negative control. Conclusion: There was depletion of antioxidant parameters and an increase in oxidative stress in the diabetic rats. Administration of metformin and the polyherbal tablet diawell individually, were not effective in correcting the pathological and biochemical changes associated with diabetes. However, the combination treatment produced a better glycaemic response and attenuated the oxidant status in the rats. Antioxidant therapy should be incorporated in diabetes management, and anti-diabetic herbals properly evaluated.

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Anti-obesity effect of milk fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum NCDC 625 alone and in combination with herbs on high fat diet fed C57BL/6J mice

Beneficial Microbes ◽

10.3920/bm2015.0083 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 375-385 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

R. Pothuraju ◽

R.K. Sharma ◽

P.K. Kavadi ◽

J. Chagalamarri ◽

S. Jangra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Fold Change ◽

The Body ◽

Gymnema Sylvestre ◽

High Fat ◽

Final Body Weight ◽

Epididymal Fat ◽

Significant Difference

The effect of dietary supplementation of milk fermented with indigenous probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum (LP625) alone and in combination with herbs (Aloe vera and Gymnema sylvestre) was investigated on high fat diet (HFD, 60 kcal% fat) fed mice for 12 weeks. Administration of LP625 alone or in combination with both herbs lowered the final body weight, however, a significant difference was observed with LP625 supplemented Gymnema sylvestre only as compared to the HFD fed group (25.06±0.18 vs 27.29±0.72 g, P<0.05). Similarly, the epididymal fat mass, fasting blood glucose and serum insulin levels were significantly (P<0.05) decreased by all treatment groups. In addition, a protective effect against the rise in serum and liver triglycerides, and in liver total cholesterol levels was found with the consumption of LP625 alone or in combination with herbs. Furthermore, the HFD fed mice showed a remarkable increase in the epididymal fat cell size, whereas administration of LP625 alone or in combination with herbs exhibited a significant decrease in the size. Finally, a significant increase in the relative mRNA expression of thermogenic proteins, i.e. uncoupling protein-2 (UCP-2, 1.16±0.25 fold change, P<0.05) and a decrease in pro-inflammatory markers, such as tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 (1.55±0.18 and 3.10±0.58 fold change, respectively, P<0.05) were due to LP625 supplementation in the HFD fed group. This shows that LP625 alone or supplemented with herbs seems to protect against diet induced obesity by decreasing the body and epididymal fat weight through upregulation of UCP-2 expression and reduced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

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THE EFFECT OF SINGLE- AND REPEATED- EXCESSIVE SWIMMING EXERCISE ON KIDNEY HISTOPATHOLOGY OF MALE RATS WISTAR STRAIN (Rattus norvegicus)

Muhammadiyah Medical Journal ◽

10.24853/mmj.1.1.33-42 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 33

Author(s):

Wenni Juniarni Tripani ◽

Muhammad In’am Ilmiawan ◽

Willy Handoko

Keyword(s):

Rattus Norvegicus ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Exercise Group ◽

Proximal Tubules ◽

Swimming Exercise ◽

Control Group ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

The Mean

Background: Physical exercise aims to improve or maintain physical fitness. However, excessive physical exercise may cause increase of oxidative stress which leads to cellular injury, including in the proximal tubules of kidney. This research aims to find out the effect of single- and repeated- excessive swimming exercise to the kidney histopathology of male wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus). Methods: This research was an experimental study with complete random and post test only control group design. Twenty seven male wistar rats were divided into three treatment groups: control group, single- excessive swimming exercise group (45 minutes for one day), and repeated- excessive swimming exercise group (45 minutes/day for seven days). In the end of the treatment, the kidney of the rats were taken to be analyzed by using hematoxylin-eosin stain. The mean of proximal tubules injury of kidneys were counted by two observers using blinded method. Data were analyzed by using one way anova test. Result: The analysis showed there was a significant difference in the mean percentage of proximal tubules injury between control group and single swimming group as well as the repeated swimming group (Anova p=0,000), also there was significant difference between the treatment groups (p=0,020). The highest average of proximal tubules injury was in the single swimming group. Conclusion: Single- and repeated- excessive swimming exercise causes the proximal tubules injury of kidney.

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Effect of Ethanol Extract of Mangosteen Peel on Serum Malondialdehyde and Leukotriene B4 Levels in Male White Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar Strain Exposed with Electric Cigarette Smoke

Folia Medica Indonesiana ◽

10.20473/fmi.v56i4.24612 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 56 (4) ◽

pp. 283

Author(s):

Jemima Lewi Santoso ◽

Harianto Notopuro ◽

Ema Qurnianingsih

Keyword(s):

Cigarette Smoke ◽

Rattus Norvegicus ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Leukotriene B4 ◽

The Body ◽

Control Group ◽

Test Results ◽

White Rats ◽

Mangosteen Peel ◽

Significant Difference

This study aims to analyze the administration of mangosteen peel ethanol extract at different doses can reduce levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) serum in male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar strains exposed to electric cigarette smoke. Electric cigarette induces mitochondrial ROS production and triggers oxidative stress. Antioxidants are needed by the body if there are many free radicals, for example mangosteen peel. This laboratory experimental study uses a randomized post test only control group design. Thirty male white rats were divided into 5 groups randomly (KK, KR, P1, P2, P3). KK given 0.5% Na-CMC, KR given smoke and 0.5% Na-CMC, P1, P2, P3 given smoke and mangosteen peel ethanol extract 100, 200, 300 mg / kg weight. Data were tested for normality and homogeneity tests. Data distribution was found not normal. Data were tested by Kruskal-Wallis Test and Mann-Whitney. Kruskal-Wallis Test results showed significant differences in MDA and LTB4 levels in each experimental group (KS, KR, P1, P2 and P3), p <0.05. Mann-Whitney test results showed a significant difference in the MDA levels of the KR against P3 and in the LTB4 level of the KR against P2 (p <0.05). The conclusion of the study was the administration of mangosteen peel ethanol extract can reduce MDA and LTB4 levels serum in male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar strains exposed to electric cigarette smoke.

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Effects of Sambiloto Ethanol Extract on Fatty Liver, SGOT/SGPT Levels and Lipid Profile of Wistar Strain White Rat (Rattus norvegicus) Exposed to High-Fat Diet

Folia Medica Indonesiana ◽

10.20473/fmi.v54i2.8856 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 54 (2) ◽

pp. 89

Author(s):

FX Himawan Haryanto Jong ◽

Ari Gunawan ◽

Mochamad Wirono Aman Santoso ◽

Susilowati Anjani ◽

Ni Wayan Tirthaningsih ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Liver ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Rattus Norvegicus ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Homogeneity Test ◽

High Fat ◽

White Rats ◽

Wistar Strain

The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of ethanol extract of sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) on fatty liver percentage, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) level and lipid profile of wistar strain white rat exposed to high fat diet. The study used randomized post test only control group design. Total sample was 50 male wistar strain rats (Rattus norvegicus) divided randomly into 5 groups (randomization). The normality test used was Kolmogorov Smirnov test (a=0.05). The homogeneity test used was Levene test (a=0.05). The comparative test was done using Anova test (analysis of variance) (a=0.05) or Brown-Forsythe test (a=0.05). The correlation test was done using Pearson test (a=0.05). The administration of sambiloto ethanol extract with doses of 100, 200 and 400 milligrams (mg)/kilogram (kg) body weight (BW) decreased the percentage of fatty liver (r=-0.950), SGOT (r=-0.964)/SGPT (r=(R=-0.973)/LDL (low-density lipoprotein) (r=-0.960) and increased HDL (high-density lipoprotein) levels (r=-0.923)=0.956) in white rats exposed to a high-fat diet. In conclusion, increased dose of ethanol extract of sambiloto can decrease the percentage of fatty liver, SGOT/SGPT and total cholesterol/TG/LDL and increase HDL level of white rats exposed to high fat diet.

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The Effect of Antioxidant Vitamin C and E Administration on Spermatozoa Quality of White Rat (Rattus Norvegicus) Strain Wistar Male Against Allethrin Exposure

Biomolecular and Health Science Journal ◽

10.20473/bhsj.v1i2.9282 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 113

Author(s):

Faisal Yusuf Ashari ◽

Rina Yudiwati ◽

R.Haryanto Aswin

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Rattus Norvegicus ◽

The Body ◽

Control Group ◽

Antioxidant Vitamin ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Spermatozoa Motility ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

The Mean

Introduction: Allethrin is an active ingredient used in anti-mosquito drugs. Allethrin enters the body through inhalation, allegedly can disrupt the quality of spermatozoa by decreasing its amount, motility, viability and morphology. Many studies suggested that with sufficient intake of vitamin C and E would be able to minimize free radicals caused by allethrin. This study aims to investigate the effect of giving antioxidant vitamin C and E on spermatozoa quality of white rat (Rattus norvegicus) strain Wistar male with allethrin exposure.Methods: This research was a post-test design randomized control group design using Rattus novergicus male strains Wistar exposed to allethrin (LPB IPB veterinary stem cell). A total of 16 white rat strains Wistar male divided into 4 groups, one control group (without any treatment) and 3 treatment groups (given antioxidant vitamin C, vitamin E and both). The exposure of mosquito coils was performed 8 hours per day for 45 days and on the 46th day, spermatozoa was observed. The data were analyzed using ANOVA one way and BNT.Results: The results showed that treatment with vitamins affected the amount, motility and viability of rat spermatozoa exposed to allethrin. The mean amount of control group spermatozoa and treatment was 14,93, the mean spermatozoa motility control and treatment groups were 45,13 and the mean spermatozoa viability of control and treatment groups was 58,88. This is shown by the real difference between the control group and the treatment (p <0,05). Similarly, in the control group found morphological abnormalities.Conclusion: Exposure of mosquito coils 8 hours/day for 45 days decreased the spermatozoa quality. Overall, the admission of antioxidant vitamin C and E are able to maintain the quality of spermatozoa instead of one type of vitamin.

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