Hepatoprotective and In vivo Anti-oxidant Activity of Costus afer Leaf Extracts against Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Godswill Anyasor ◽  
Kofoworola Odunsanya ◽  
Audrey Ibeneme
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Costus Afer

In-vivo evaluation of lipid lowering ability of Chloris paraguaiensis extracts

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
Pavani C H
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Medical Systems ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
And Control

Hyperlipidemia is the immediate results of the excessive fat intake in food. This results in the elevated levels of cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood. This leads to heart conditions like CAD, hypertension, congestive heart failure as risk factors which can be lethal. There are many drugs to treat and control the lipids levels in the body. These drugs are either designed to prevent LDL accumulation and VLDL synthesis. Some drugs also lower the elevated levels of saturated lipids in the body. But many drugs are known to cause side effects and adverse effects; therefore, alternatives to the drugs are the subjects for current investigations. Herbs and medicinal plants are used as treatment sources for many years. They have been used in the Indian medical systems like Ayurveda, Siddha etc. As the application of herbs in the treatment is growing, there is an urgent need for the establishment of Pharmacological reasoning and standardization of the activity of the medicinal plants. Chloris paraguaiensis Steud. is Poyaceae member that is called locally as Uppugaddi. Traditionally it is used to treat Rheumatism, Diabetes, fever and diarrhoea. The chemical constituents are known to have anti-oxidant properties and most of the anti-oxidants have anti-hyperlipidemic activity too. Since the plant has abundant flavonoid and phenol content, the current research focusses on the investigation of the anti-hyperlipidemic activity of the plant Chloris extracts. Extracts of Chloris at 200mg/kg showed a comparably similar anti hyperlipidemia activity to that of the standard drug. The extracts showed a dose based increase in the activity at 100 and 200mg/kg body weight.

In-vivo anti-oxidant screening of Tectona grandis extract

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Tamilarasi G P ◽  
Sabarees G
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Radical Generation

Oxidation is an essential reaction in the human body, which determines the expression of proteins in the body. This results in the altered expression like rapid growth resulting in cancers and other disorders. Many synthetic drugs are available in the market that is effective in limiting the free radical generation and the reaction of radicals with cells. Unfortunately, all those synthetic drugs were found to cause side effects and adverse effects in the body. But given the accuracy of the predictability of the results and administration, this research focuses on testing the anti-oxidant efficiency in rat models testing the biochemical parameters. Investigations have also been done on the anti-oxidant activity of Tectona, but every research was concentrated to prove the anti-oxidant activity only. extract had been tested for anti-oxidant activity by estimating various tissue parameters and it showed better activity. As predicted, there is a significant difference in the and results which can be explained are due to the physiological conditions that exist inside the body.

Increase in Anti-Oxidant Components and Reduction of Off-Flavors on Radish Leaf Extracts by Extrusion Process

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 1769-1775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nak-Yun Sung ◽  
Woo-Young Park ◽  
Yi-Eun Kim ◽  
Eun-Ji Cho ◽  
Hayeon Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Off Flavors ◽  
Anti Oxidant

In silico and In vivo Evaluation of Oxidative Stress Inhibitors Against Parkinson`s Disease using the C. elegans Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 814-826
Author(s):  
Pradeep Hanumanthappa ◽  
Arpitha Ashok ◽  
Inderjit Prakash ◽  
Carmel I. Priya ◽  
Julie Zinzala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Death ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Rational Drug ◽  
Cullin 3 ◽  
Anti Oxidant

Background: Parkinson’s disease ranks second, after Alzheimer’s as the major neurodegenerative disorder, for which no cure or disease-modifying therapies exist. Ample evidence indicate that PD manifests as a result of impaired anti-oxidative machinery leading to neuronal death wherein Cullin-3 has ascended as a potential therapeutic target for diseases involving damaged anti-oxidative machinery. Objective: The design of target specific inhibitors for the Cullin-3 protein might be a promising strategy to increase the Nrf2 levels and to decrease the possibility of “off-target” toxic properties. Methods: In the present study, an integrated computational and wet lab approach was adopted to identify small molecule inhibitors for Cullin-3. The rational drug designing process comprised homology modeling and derivation of the pharmacophore for Cullin-3, virtual screening of Zinc natural compound database, molecular docking and Molecular dynamics based screening of ligand molecules. In vivo validations of an identified lead compound were conducted in the PD model of C. elegans. Results and Discussion: Our strategy yielded a potential inhibitor; (Glide score = -12.31), which was evaluated for its neuroprotective efficacy in the PD model of C. elegans. The inhibitor was able to efficiently defend against neuronal death in PD model of C. elegans and the neuroprotective effects were attributed to its anti-oxidant activities, supported by the increase in superoxide dismutase, catalase and the diminution of acetylcholinesterase and reactive oxygen species levels. In addition, the Cullin-3 inhibitor significantly restored the behavioral deficits in the transgenic C. elegans. Conclusion: Taken together, these findings highlight the potential utility of Cullin-3 inhibition to block the persistent neuronal death in PD. Further studies focusing on Cullin-3 and its mechanism of action would be interesting.

scholarly journals The Effects of Conjugated Linoleic Acids on Cancer

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko Dachev ◽  
Jana Bryndová ◽  
Milan Jakubek ◽  
Zdeněk Moučka ◽  
Marian Urban
Keyword(s):  
Potential Effect ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acids ◽  
Carcinogenic Activity ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
True Value ◽  
Ruminant Animals ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Cancer Agent

Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) are distinctive polyunsaturated fatty acids. They are present in food produced by ruminant animals and they are accumulated in seeds of certain plants. These naturally occurring substances have demonstrated to have anti-carcinogenic activity. Their potential effect to inhibit cancer has been shown in vivo and in vitro studies. In this review, we present the multiple effects of CLA isomers on cancer development such as anti-tumor efficiency, anti-mutagenic and anti-oxidant activity. Although the majority of the studies in vivo and in vitro summarized in this review have demonstrated beneficial effects of CLA on the proliferation and apoptosis of tumor cells, further experimental work is needed to estimate the true value of CLA as a real anti-cancer agent.

scholarly journals Melatonin: A Novel Indolamine in Oral Health and Disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. K. Chava ◽  
K. Sirisha
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Systemic Level ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Anti Oxidant

This paper attempts to summarise the findings accumulated within the last few years concerning the hormone of darkness “melatonin.” Based on its origin, from the pineal gland until recently it was portrayed exclusively as a hormone. Due to its lipophilic nature, it is accessible to every cell. Thus, in the classic sense it is a cell protector rather than a hormone. Recent studies, by Claustrat et al. (2005), detected few extrapineal sources of melatonin like retina, gastrointestinal tract, and salivary glands. Due to these sources, research by Cutando et al. (2007), is trying to explore the implications of melatonin in the oral cavity, in addition to its physiologic anti-oxidant, immunomodulatory and oncostatic functions at systemic level that may be receptor dependent or independent. Recently, certain in vivo studies by Shimozuma et al. (2011), detected the secretion of melatonin from salivary glands further emphasising its local activity. Thus, within our confines the effects of melatonin in the mouth are reviewed, adding a note on therapeutic potentials of melatonin both systemically and orally.

Abstract 276: The Regulatory Effects Of Peroxiredoxin II On Phospholamban Phosphorylation And Cardiac Contractile Function In Vivo

2014 ◽  
Vol 115 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Zhao ◽  
Xiaojing Shi ◽  
Wenjuan Zhou ◽  
Huimin Wang ◽  
Xuepeng Geng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Contractility ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Active Inhibitor ◽  
Rat Cardiomyocytes ◽  
Cardiac Contractile ◽  
Adenoviral Delivery ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Contraction And Relaxation ◽  
Phospholamban Phosphorylation

Peroxiredoxin II (prxII), a cytosolic form of the anti-oxidant peroxiredoxin family, was recently found to be decreased in failing human hearts. Interestingly, in hyperdynamic hearts of two genetically modified mouse models with: a) phospholamban ablation; and b) overexpression of the active inhibitor-1 of protein phosphatase 1, the levels of this cellular peroxidase (prxII) were markedly increased. Acute overexpression of prxII by adenoviral-delivery in adult rat cardiomyocytes (Ad-prxII) was associated with decreases in the basal rates of contraction and relaxation, as well as calcium kinetics. Accordingly, Ad-prxII-AS infected cardiomyocytes exhibited enhanced contractile parameters and Ca-kinetics. The depressed or increased contractility by Ad-prxII or Ad-prxII-AS was associated with parallel decreases or increases in phosphorylation of phospholamban (Ser16 and Thr17). To determine the in vivo effects of prxII on cardiac contractility, three transgenic lines (TG) with 2-3 fold cardiac-specific overexpression of prxII were generated and their cardiac morphologic and functional phenotypes were characterized. The TG mice exhibited no alterations in cardiac pathology or morphology up to 4 months of age. However, langendorf perfusions revealed that cardiac contractility, including the rates of contraction and relaxation (±dp/dtmax) as well as the left ventricular end systolic pressure (LVESP), were significantly depressed in TG mice (to 75, 76 and 63%, respectively), compared to WTs (100%). The depressed function was not associated with any alterations in the expression levels of key SR calcium handling proteins: SERCA2, total phospholamban, calsequestrin and ryanodine receptor. However, the levels of the phosphorylated PLN at Ser16 were found to be reduced to 50% in the TG mice, compared to WTs. These findings indicate that prxII, an anti-oxidant protein, may regulate basal cardiac contractile performance in vivo through phospholamban phosphorylation.

STUDY OF ROLE OF CIRCULATING ANTIOXIDANTS IN DEVELOPMENT OF SENILE CATARACT

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
Susruta Sen ◽  
Indranil Chakraborty ◽  
Mousumi Bandyopadhyay ◽  
Indrani Pathak ◽  
Sharmistha Choudhuri
Keyword(s):  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Senile Cataract ◽  
Plasma Ascorbate ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Overnight Fasting ◽  
Total Burden ◽  
Control Study

Introduction: Senile cataract is the commonest worldwide cause of treatable blindness, most often due to excess reactive oxygen species [ROS]. Anti-oxidant vitamins namely beta-carotene, ascorbate and tocopherol and enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD), constitute rst line defenses against ROS assault, while malondialdehyde (MDA) levels indicate the total burden of lipid peroxidation in-vivo. Objectives: We aimed to compare the levels of above ve analytes in senile cataract patients in contrast to apparently healthy controls and also among smoking and non-smoking sub groups of both cases and controls. Methods: A hospital-based case-control study, was conducted with 102 cases of senile cataract and 102 control subjects, following strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. Recruited individuals were sub-categorized into smokers and non-smokers. After overnight fasting (12 hours), 10 ml blood was drawn aseptically. Serum and plasma were separated and used for biochemical estimations of all ve analytes, following established protocols. Levels were compared between cases and controls as well as between the smoking and non-smoking sub-sections of both groups. Results: Signicantly lower levels of plasma ascorbate and serum tocopherol were seen in cases as compared to controls (P=0.0078 and P<0.0001 respectively). Signicantly lower levels of serum beta carotene (P<0.0001), tocopherol (P<0.0001), plasma ascorbate (P<0.0001), and SOD (P<0.0001). Signicantly higher level of serum MDA (P= 0.0494) was seen in the smokers, as compared to non-smokers Conclusions: Lowered serum tocopherol and plasma ascorbate were signicant factors leading to senile cataract. Furthermore, smoking was found crucial in loss of anti-oxidant defenses and subsequent development of cataract.

Phytochemical and anti-oxidant evaluation of in vitro and in vivo propagated plants of Curculigo orchioides

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharanya Kushalan ◽  
Undiganalu Gangadharappa Yathisha ◽  
Aloysius Khyahrii S ◽  
Smitha Hegde
Keyword(s):  
Curculigo Orchioides ◽  
Anti Oxidant
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