scholarly journals Design of an earthquake resisting building using precast concrete cross-braced panels and incorporating energy absorbing devices

1979 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 340-345
Author(s):  
C. D. Matthewson ◽  
R. A. Davey
Keyword(s):  
Precast Concrete ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Cost Estimates ◽  
Braced Frame ◽  
System A ◽  
Steel Members ◽  
Dynamic Analyses ◽  
Inherent Strength ◽  
Strength And Stiffness ◽  
Energy Absorbing

The design and the analysis of an irregular six storey office building are described. The building has an unconventional earthquake resisting system: a precast concrete cross-braced perimeter frame incorporating force-limiting devices (termed "inserts") in the form of enclosed axially yielding short steel members. A series of inelastic dynamic analyses indicates that the system very effectively combines the inherent strength and stiffness of the cross-braced frame with the energy-dissipating function of the yielding inserts. Cost estimates indicate that the system is a particularly economic one.

Improving the torsional response of asymmetric buildings with self-centering controlled rocking steel braced frame system

2022 ◽  
pp. 136943322110509
Author(s):  
Maryam Hafezi ◽  
Armin Aziminejad ◽  
Mohammad Reza Mansoori ◽  
Mahmood Hosseini ◽  
Abdolreza Sarvghad Moghadam
Keyword(s):  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Asymmetric Structure ◽  
Maximum Displacement ◽  
Braced Frame ◽  
Asymmetric Buildings ◽  
Frame System ◽  
Strength And Stiffness ◽  
Ground Motion Records ◽  
Energy Absorbing ◽  
Steel Braced Frame

Self-centering controlled rocking steel braced-frame (SC-CR-SBF) is proposed as an earthquake-resistant system with low damage. Pre-stressed vertical strands provide a self-centering mechanism in the system and energy absorbing fuses restrict maximum displacement. Presence of asymmetry in structures can highlight the advantages of employing this structural system. Moreover, these days designing and constructing asymmetric and irregular structures is inevitable and as a result of architectural attractiveness and requirements of different functions of buildings, they are of great importance. Consequently, in these types of structures in order to minimize seismic responses, particular measures should be taken into consideration. Proper distribution of strength and stiffness throughout the plan of structures with self-centering systems can play a considerable role in resolving problems associated with asymmetry in these structures. In this study, the asymmetric buildings with 10% and 20% mass eccentricities and having different arrangements of centers were simulated. The models were analyzed under a set of 22 bidirectional far-field ground-motion records and corresponding responses of maximum roof drift, acceleration and rotation of the roof diaphragms of the structures with different arrangements of the center of mass, stiffness and strength were computed and studied. Results show that proper distribution of stiffness and strength throughout the plan of the structures with SC-CR-SBF system reduces the maximum roof drift as well as the rotation of the roof diaphragm. With appropriate arrangement of the centers, maximum drift response of the asymmetric structure decreases as much as roughly 20% and the ratio of the maximum drift response of the asymmetric structure to the response of the similar symmetric structure with the same overall stiffness and strength was 1.1. In other words, maximum drift response of the asymmetric structure with SC-CR-SBF system is acceptably close to the one for the symmetric building.

Experimental validation on seismic performance of a monolithic precast RC shear wall structure with novel connections

2022 ◽  
pp. 136943322110606
Author(s):  
Xiao-ting Wang ◽  
Xi Chen ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
Peng Pan ◽  
Qi-song Miao
Keyword(s):  
Shear Failure ◽  
Precast Concrete ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Shear Wall ◽  
Wall Structure ◽  
Coupling Beams ◽  
System A ◽  
Concrete Joints ◽  
Strength And Stiffness ◽  
Rc Shear Wall

A novel monolithic precast concrete shear wall structure system was proposed, with four connector types: “cast-in-site elbow reinforced concrete joints,” “dry connectors,” “shaped steel shear keys,” and “shaped steel boundary elements” based on welding process with stable and high quality. The first two connect walls horizontally and the other two connect walls between adjacent stories. A high precast ratio, over 60%, can be achieved. To evaluate the strength, stiffness, ductility, and energy dissipation capacity of the proposed system, a full-scale three-story model was tested quasi-statically in the two horizontal directions. The model showed strong spatial response, demonstrating sufficient strength and stiffness to resist severe earthquakes. The coupling beams suffered shear failure damage. The connectors sustained large internal forces, surviving under simulated severe earthquake conditions. The external thermal insulation layers remained firmly attached to the precast wall panels, satisfying the design objectives.

scholarly journals Selected Aspects of Indoor Climate in a Passive Office Building with a Thermally Activated Building System: A Case Study from Poland

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 860
Author(s):  
Piotr Michalak
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Indoor Climate ◽  
Thermally Activated ◽  
System A ◽  
Warm Sensation ◽  
Building System ◽  
Heating Energy Consumption

Modern buildings with new heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems offer possibility to fit parameters of the indoor environment to the occupants’ requirements. The present paper describes the results of measurements performed in an office room in the first Polish passive commercial office building during four months of normal operation. They were used to calculate parameters describing thermal comfort: vertical air temperature profile, floor surface temperature, predicted mean vote (PMV) and predicted percent of dissatisfied (PPD). Obtained results confirmed good thermal conditions in the analysed room. The average temperature of the floor’s surface varied from 20.6 °C to 26.2 °C. The average vertical air temperature, calculated for working days, was from 22.5 °C to 23.1 °C. The temperature difference between the floor and 5 cm below the ceiling was from −0.9 °C to 6.3 °C. The PMV index varied from 0.52 to 1.50 indicating ‘slightly warm’ sensation, in spite of ‘neutral’ reported by employees. Also measured cooling and heating energy consumption was presented. The performed measurements confirmed the ability of thermally activated building system (TABS) to keep good thermal conditions.

scholarly journals Basic Passive Side-Day lighting Considerations for High Rise office Building

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 78-87
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Building Design ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Office Building ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Design Considerations ◽  
System A ◽  
Modern Era

High rise office building design is one of the essential buildings in construction industry due to the limited space especially in the urban area. After home, a high rise office building is an important space for human in modern era. Due to the issue of high energy consumption especially inefficient artificial light strategy, side-day lighting becomes the best solution for a high rise office building design. Despite providing efficient energy consumption, side-day lighting creates a positive impact to the worker as well as the office's indoor environment. Hence, this paper aims to explore the basic passive side-day lighting considerations that educate people especially for those who are involved in the building construction industry. Beside, this paper focuses on the passive design considerations due to the various advantages that not involved especially with complex electrical and mechanical system. A systematic literature review is the main methodology for this paper to identify the basic passive side-day lighting considerations for a high rise office building design. Base on this research, it revealed that eight elements for building design considerations should be applied to provide a better day lighting impact for a high rise office building design. Considerations for non-building design aspects should also need to be applied since those aspects contribute to produce a better day lighting impact for a high rise office building design.

scholarly journals Performance Assessment of a Renovated Precast Concrete Bridge Using Static and Dynamic Tests

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 5904
Author(s):  
Milan Sokol ◽  
Michal Venglár ◽  
Katarína Lamperová ◽  
Monika Márföldi
Keyword(s):  
Precast Concrete ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Data Logger ◽  
Global Response ◽  
Traffic Loads ◽  
Dynamic Analyses ◽  
Time Histories ◽  
Load Tests ◽  
Method Model ◽  
Complex Measuring

The article presents the development of a SHM (Structural Health Monitoring) strategy intended to confirm the improvement of the load-bearing capacity of a bridge over the Ružín Dam using static and dynamic load tests, as well as numerical simulations. The paper comprises measurements of the global response of the bridge to prepare a verified and validated FEM (Finite Element Method) model. A complex measuring system used for the tests consisted of two main parts: an interferometric IBIS-S (Image by Interferometric Survey-Structures) radar and a multichannel vibration and strain data logger. Next, structure–vehicle interactions were modelled, and non-linear numerical dynamic analyses were performed. As a result, the time histories of displacements of the structure from traffic effects were obtained. Their comparison with IBIS-S radar records proves that this method can be effectively used for assessing bridges subjected to common traffic loads. The results (measured accelerations) obtained by local tests in external pre-stressed cables are presented and a convenient method for acquiring the axial force in the cables is proposed.

OPTIMIZED LOW-EMBODIED AND OPERATIONAL CARBON SOLUTIONS FOR SINGLE-STORY INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Moutaftsis ◽  
Shahaboddin Resalati ◽  
Martin Heywood ◽  
Raymond Ogden
Keyword(s):  
Building Envelope ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Considerable Saving ◽  
Carbon Reduction ◽  
Long Span ◽  
Embodied Carbon ◽  
Industrial Buildings ◽  
Inherent Strength ◽  
Strength And Stiffness ◽  
Traditional Construction

Detailed studies have been performed with the aim of determining optimum low-carbon solutions for buildings, and investigating the complex issues involved in their delivery. The evidence presented below suggests that building envelope specification has reached the point where the embodied carbon of any additional insulation balances, and may even outweigh, the corresponding savings in operational carbon. However, the extra material in the envelope has an inherent strength and stiffness that could be utilized to reduce the embodied carbon in the structure if appropriately designed. An extensive series of analyses was undertaken to (a) quantify the aggregated operational and embodied carbon related to modern envelope systems, and (b) evaluate the opportunities for embodied carbon reduction of the frame through the exploitation of the envelope’s structural capability. Particular attention was given to the use of long-span composite panels to reduce the number of supporting structural members. It was found that a considerable saving in embodied carbon is possible compared to traditional construction solutions. The study also suggested the absolute significance of combining operational and embodied carbon analyses, in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of carbon reduction strategies and requirements to shift away from “operational carbon only” methods. The focus of the initial phase of the work has been single-story industrial buildings, but the conclusions are applicable more broadly.

Assessment of some Canadian seismic code requirements for concrete frame structures

1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-357
Author(s):  
Patrick Paultre ◽  
Denis Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Dynamic ◽  
Combined Loading ◽  
Concrete Frame ◽  
Dynamic Analyses ◽  
Loading Effects ◽  
Real Earthquake ◽  
Strength And Stiffness ◽  
Nonlinear Dynamic Analyses ◽  
Building Designs ◽  
Current Code

Three buildings in Montreal were designed for different levels of "ductility" according to the 1990 National Building Code of Canada and the 1984 Canadian Standards Association standard for the design of concrete structures for buildings. Analytical procedures were developed in order to predict the responses of main structural components to the combined loading effects of axial load, moment, and shear. In addition, a hysteretic behavioural model was developed in order to account for strength and stiffness degradation as well as pinching of the hysteretic response. Nonlinear dynamic analyses were carried out on each building for a series of artificially generated accelerograms together with real earthquake records. The results of the nonlinear dynamic analyses enabled an assessment of the performance of different building designs and an assessment of current code requirements. Key words: seismic design, reinforced concrete, detailing, structures, codes.

scholarly journals Steel Beam-Column Joint with Discontinuous Vertical Reinforcing Bars

2015 ◽  
pp. 197-204
Author(s):  
Ju-Yun Hu ◽  
Won-Kee Hong ◽  
Seon-Chee Park ◽  
Jisoon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Load Transfer ◽  
Precast Concrete ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Steel Beam ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Reinforcing Bars ◽  
Concrete Frames ◽  
Steel Members ◽  
Column Joint ◽  
In Parenthesis

The authors proposed steel beam-column connections for precast concrete frames in previous studies. The steel-concrete composite frames provided fast assembly time as steels with economy of concrete structures. However, when enough space is not available at column-beam joints steel sections from beams cannot be connected with column brackets. This paper suggests that some vertical reinforcing bars are disconnected at joints by connecting vertical steel reinforcements to steel plates placed above and below column steels to provide load transferring path. Loads from re-bars are transferred to steel plates, column steels and back to steel plates and re-bars below column steels. Re-bars connected to steel plates by bolts at above and below column steel are discontinued at joint to provide spaces for connections between column brackets and beam steels. Extensive experiments were performed to verify load transfer from re-bars to steel plates above joints and steel plates to re-bars below joint. The flexural load bearing capacity of a column with total of 24 vertical re-bars were compared to columns with discontinuous re-bars at joints. The number of discontinuous re-bars at joint used in column specimen was 0 (0.0%), 4 (16.7%), 12 (50.0%), and 20 (83.3%). The numbers in parenthesis are the percentages of discontinuous rebars to the total number of vertical re-bars of control column. Experiments showed how loads from vertical steel reinforcements that were cut off at joints were transferred to steel plate. The test results also demonstrated that a part of flexural capacities were reduced for specimen with discontinuous vertical re-bars. The reduction of 6.0 %, 13.7% and 54.0% of flexural capacities were observed for columns with 4 (16.7%), 12 (50.0%) and 20 (83.3%) discontinuous vertical rebars, respectively. The test results can be used to design vertical reinforcing bars and column joints that can provide space for column brackets to which steel members of beams are connected.

scholarly journals Influence of Suspension Parameters Changes of a Railway Vehicle on Output Quantities

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ján Dižo ◽  
Miroslav Blatnický ◽  
Stasys Steišūnas ◽  
Gediminas Vaičiūnas
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Response ◽  
Ride Comfort ◽  
Suspension System ◽  
Railway Vehicle ◽  
Running Safety ◽  
Suspension Parameters ◽  
System A ◽  
Dynamic Analyses ◽  
Computer Analyses ◽  
Important Input

Abstract This article deals with computer analyses of output quantities of a railway vehicle depending on changing of parameters of suspension system. A passenger car was chosen for dynamic analyses. An analysed passenger railway vehicle uses two stage suspension system composed of coil springs and hydraulic dampers. Stiffness of coil springs of primary and secondary suspensions were defined for two states and its influence on output values in terms of quality and quantity was evaluated. As output variables, values of forces in a wheel/rail contact and accelerations in several locations on a wagon body floor were chosen. Values of forces in a wheel/rail contact indicate dynamic response of a railway vehicle running in terms of running safety and values of accelerations serve as important input for evaluation of passenger ride comfort.

Three-dimensional dynamic analyses of two Colombian high-rise buildings

1969 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 1495-1515
Author(s):  
Gary C. Hart
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Mode Shapes ◽  
Concrete Frame ◽  
Building Model ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Building Models ◽  
Dynamic Analyses ◽  
Seismograph Station

Abstract The actual earthquake damage in two high-rise buildings in Bogota, Colombia, is compared with predicted response of four three-dimensional analytic building models. Three building models of the 24-story steel frame Bank of Bogota and one of the 29-story concrete frame Bavaria Office Building are considered. Periods and mode shapes are calculated for each building model. Maximum interstory displacements, absolute roof accelerations, story shears, and torques are calculated in each building model for three well-recorded earthquakes, one being a July 1967 earthquake in Colombia, as recorded at a nearby Bogota seismograph station. In all earthquakes, both components of ground motion were applied simultaneously.

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