RESOURCES OF THE RIVER RUNOFF OF KAZAKHSTAN UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF FUTURE CLIMATIC AND ANTHROPOGENIC CHANGES

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-69
Author(s):  
S.K. Alimkulov ◽  
◽  
A.A. Tursunova ◽  
A.A. Saparova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Runoff ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Anthropogenic Changes ◽  
Integral Methods ◽  
Transboundary River Basins ◽  
Geographical Position ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Complex Integral ◽  
The Impact

The article examines the modern influence of a complex of factors on the river flow resources within the water basins of the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as their significance for the future until 2030, taking into account climatic and anthropogenic changes, the modern change in the river flow resources in Kazakhstan. To assess the impact of economic activities on river runoff and changes in climate-related runoff, complex integral methods were used, and appropriate methodologies were developed. Due to the disadvantageous geographical position in the lower reaches of transboundary river basins, the Republic of Kazakhstan is experiencing a number of external and internal threats, which are discussed in the article.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CLIMATE AND RIVER RUNOFF(USING THE EXAMPLE OF THE GREATER CAUCASUS ON THE AZERBAIJAN TERRITORY)

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-432
Author(s):  
Sevindzh KAZYMOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
River Runoff ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Atmospheric Precipitation ◽  
Greater Caucasus ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Change Impact ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

Problems of climate change impact on the water regime of the Azerbaijan rivers were considered. Precipitation (X), temperature (T) were analyzed and changes in river runoff were evaluated under different temperature scenarios of individual height limits. Paired correlations between air temperature and precipitation were built, taking into account the distribution of these dependencies in the region in three study areas. For each district, the constraints of the waste model were built and their analytical definition was provided. The effect of climatic changes on the water content of rivers is determined by a decrease in atmospheric precipitation, which is the main balance component of river runoff, and an increase in evaporation from the surface of their basins. However, due to the lack of information on evaporation, the impact of climate on river flow was calculated from atmospheric precipitation and temperature. An analysis of their trends showed that throughout the republic (under various physical and geographical conditions and at various altitudes) has been an increase in annual temperatures from +0.3°C to + 1.7°C in Ganja in recent years. The temperature increase gradient in the highlands is greater. The increase in the average long-term temperature in the republic is + 0.9°C since 1991.

scholarly journals TERRITORIAL DIFFERENTIATION OF ANTHROPOGENIC TRANSFORMATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF TuVA

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-56
Author(s):  
T.N. Biche-ool
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Anthropogenic Transformation ◽  
Urban Districts ◽  
Mountain Terrain ◽  
Territorial Differentiation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

The assessment of territorial differentiation of anthropogenic transformation of the Republic of Tuva based on methods of geoinformation technologies, historical geography and methods of A. G. Isachenko using data from the Federal register of land categories and types of land, statistical data of the Federal state statistics service, reports of the Ministry of fuel and energy, the Ministry of economy of the Republic of Tuva, was carried out. A total of 17 districts and 2 urban districts were studied. The results of the study reflect the spatial characteristics of the impact of the population and its economic activities on the territory of the Republic of Tuva. Studies have shown that the state of modern landscapes of the Republic of Tuva is characterized mainly by low anthropogenic transformation, against which there are pockets of territories with high anthropogenic transformation - 2 urban districts, which is a consequence of the predominance of mountain terrain; difficult transport accessibility of the Republic; low population density and its extremely uneven settlement; high proportion of land occupied by forests (up to 60 %); inaccessibility of most mineral deposits. Currently, the transformation of the landscapes of the Republic of Tuva, including in high-altitude areas, is affected by the predominance of agricultural land, which occupies up to 32 % of the total area.

scholarly journals Impact of urbanized landscapes on the river flow in Europe

2019 ◽  
pp. 78-87
Author(s):  
N. I. Koronkevich ◽  
K. S. Melnik
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
River Runoff ◽  
River Flow ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Urbanized Areas ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Moscow River

Global urban landscapes were growing rapidly during last decades. The impact of this growth on annual river runoff of foreign European and Russian river basins was shown in this article. Calculations for Moscow river basin were taken as a basis for computations. The performed calculations show, that 1% of urbanization area increase also enhances total river runoff at 1%. At the same time 1% growth of watertight territories (included in urbanized landscapes) leads to an increase in runoff by 2–3%. The growth of urbanized areas led to a smaller increase in runoff (2–3 times) in the past (in comparison with current period) due to a less established system of diversion from urbanized landscapes. Calculations were made for Spree, Thames, Seine river basins in comparison Moscow River basin. Impact of capitals landscapes (Berlin, London, Paris, and Moscow) on river runoff was estimated initially, and then the influence of other urbanized areas located in river basins. As a result, the general influence of all urbanized territories was defined. According to results of conducted calculations, modern urbanized areas led to an increase of annual river runoff by more than 9% in Spree river basin, more than 20% of the Thames, over 11% of the Seine and 10% in the basin of Moscow River in comparison with changes during the period of norm calculation (from the end of 19th century till the beginning of the 1960s of the 20th century). According to the results of conducted calculations, modern total annual runoff increase is 2.2–4.5% for Europe and 0.2–0.3% for the Russian Federation in comparison with changes during the period of norm calculation, and in relation to the runoff from the most populated their parts is 3.5-6.9% and 1-2%, respectively. In addition, it can be expressed in km3 with following values: 44.9–89.8 (for foreign Europe) and 7.2–14.3 (for the Russian Federation). For the whole Europe (including European territory of Russia), the runoff increases by 50–100 km3 (or by 2–4%) per year. Actually, this is not so much in percentage terms, though in terms of volume – these values are close to annual runoff of such river as Neva.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF THE ECONOMIC ACTIVITY CHARACTERISTIC FOR THE PEOPLES OF EXPATRIATE COMMUNITY ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE REPUBLIC OF MORDOVIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 94-101
Author(s):  
Albina I. Minakova
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

The polyethnicity of the Republic of Mordovia, an equal subject of the Russian Federation, is confirmed by the 2010 census data. According to the All-Russian census, the population of 119 nationalities lives here. The increase in the number of nationalities in the regions results in an increase in contacts between people and the impact on ethnic processes. The interaction of ethnic groups affects all aspects of the life of an ethnic group: from the way of life, including customs, rituals, type of clothing, dietary habits, relationships with nature, social relationships of ethnic groups, to the forms of economic activity of ethnic groups. Eastern European peoples, especially the Ukrainians, the Belarusians, as well as representatives of the peoples of Transcaucasia and the Central Asia living in Mordovia, are commonly found in a natural assimilation, which is expressed in some common features of their economic activities, culture and way of life. The purpose of the study is to analyze the features of economic activity carried out by the peoples living in a non-native environment outside their historical homeland. The main objective of the study is to demonstrate the factors that determine the specifics of the economic activity carried out by the peoples of expatriate community in Mordovia. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that it is for the first time that the study makes an attempt to comprehensively study the features of the economic activities carried out by the peoples of expatriate community living in a non-native environment. The general scientific method of research in the work consists in a general analysis of the economic components of ethnic groups in a non-native environment. The results of the study intend to identify specific features of the economic structure of migrants from Europe, Central Asia and Transcaucasia in the polyethnic region of the Volga Federal District. The peoples of the foreign countries living in Mordovia successfully adapted to the Republic, this was facilitated by the similarity of the living and economic conditions of the migrants in question in new territories and unfamiliar places with the areas of exodus.

scholarly journals MIGRATION PROCESSES AND INTERETHNIC RELATIONS IN A POLYETHNIC REGION

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-188
Author(s):  
JADE ZURIET
Keyword(s):  
Migration Policy ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
The South ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Interethnic Relations ◽  
Regional Community ◽  
Southern Russia ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

The article examines the impact of migration on the contents and specifics of interethnic relations in Southern Russia. The study, based on the results of the expert survey, revealed that the issue of migration is becoming a global one and that it plays a role of risk factor for the regional community. Intensification of migration processes has an impact on parameters of regional securitysuch as the ethno-social processes, ethnic tensions, conflict and political stability. Currently migration processes play a significant role in the dynamics of ethnosocial development of the South of Russia. The necessary additional measures are aimed at its adaptation to the new social situation caused by the influx of migrants. In modern conditions, the migration policy has become one of the priorities in political and economic activities of our state. The article analyzes migration processes in the Republic of Adygea. It is concluded that in the South of Russia contemporary migration processes have an ethnic component, influencing the social integration.

scholarly journals Geostrateški i sigurnosni aspekti potencijalnih utjecaja suvremenih migrantskih kretanja na Dalmaciju

Geoadria ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-27
Author(s):  
Jurica Botić ◽  
Marija Boban
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Europe ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
The North ◽  
Security Challenges ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Traditional Area ◽  
Migratory Movements ◽  
The Impact

In 2015, the European geographic and political space faced culmination of one of the greatest migration crises in its history, which particularly affected the politically vulnerable region of Southeast Europe as a traditional area of migration movements. These statements gain more importance if we take into consideration the fact that Southeast Europe, as an area of traditional interlocking of geopolitical force lines, nowadays is additionally burdened with security challenges, which makes its geostrategic position more important. Moreover, as it is affected by the migrant crisis in the north and the east, and considering tourism as one of its core economic activities, the Republic of Croatia must pay special attention to maintaining an image of a safe tourist destination, although Croatian tourist destinations like Istria and Dalmatia are not directly affected by the migrant crisis. Therefore, the authors discuss geostrategic and security aspects as well as the probabilities of Dalmatia’s exposure to the effects of the recent migrant crisis. In fact, the authors in the article confirm that the physical-geographical features and political-territorial fragmentation in immediate neighbourhood do not make Dalmatia as an attractive solution for migratory movements. However, the authors also conclude that the political instability of the neighbourhood, which is potentially strengthened by the impact of the migrant movements, with the great potential of conflict at the ethno-religious level, may produce new security challenges in Southeast Europe and indirectly in Dalmatia as well.

scholarly journals Current state of innovative development of Russian wine

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 06002
Author(s):  
Angelika Efremova ◽  
Elena Shevchenko ◽  
Natalia Oshovskaya ◽  
Anna Kaminskaya ◽  
Anna Finogentova
Keyword(s):  
Wine Industry ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Wine Making ◽  
Current State ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Regions Of Russia

The article provides a retrospective study of the development of the innovative state of the country’s wine industry. The negative moments of the past and prospects for further development are indicated. The main southern regions of Russia, which are famous for the cultivation of grapes and the production of wine, are considered. A comparative assessment of the wine-making industry of the southern regions of Russia with neighboring regions is carried out. The characteristics of the largest wine-making enterprises of the Republic of Crimea, Krasnodar Territory and Rostov Region are given. The dynamics of wine production in the Republic of Crimea for the period 2013-2019 is given. The analysis of the results of the impact of scientific and technological progress, namely: the work of innovation centers aimed at training qualified personnel, winemakers, which will help improve the results of the economic activities of winemaking enterprises. Examples of such work in European countries are given.

scholarly journals SYNTHETIC MODEL OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMIC SYSTEM OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS BASED ON MODIFIED TABLES "COSTS-OUTPUT"

2017 ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
A. KOROTKEVICH
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Synthetic Model ◽  
National Economic ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Cost Issue ◽  
The Impact

The article has developed a synthetic model of national economic system on the basis of modification of tables "cost Issue", which will allow for forecasting and planning for the development of the country at the level of economic activities, grounded approach to the formation of transformation scenarios and quantify the impact of decisions in this regard

The impact of economic crisis on mental and physical health in Italy

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
S. Tomassi ◽  
M. Ruggeri
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Great Recession ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Behavioural Disorders ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Summary Background: The global crisis that began in 2007 has been the most prolonged economic recession since 1929. It has caused worldwide tangible costs in terms of cuts in employment and income, which have been widely recognised also as major social determinants of mental health (1, 2). The so-called “Great Recession” has disproportionately affected the most vulnerable part of society of the whole Eurozone (3). Across Europe, an increase in suicides and deaths rates due to mental and behavioural disorders was reported among those who lost their jobs, houses and economic activities as a consequence of the crisis.

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