scholarly journals Becoming an EFL Teacher: A Re-Investigation of Student Teachers’ Motivation

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Ruth Wong
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Teacher Training ◽  
Student Teachers ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Time Points ◽  
The Third ◽  
Efl Teacher ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Over Time

The aim of the study reported in this paper was to explore the issues of motivation of student teachers before and after their two practicum blocks which were held in the third and final years of teacher training. Participants provided quantitative and qualitative data through questionnaires and in-depth interviews which were conducted at four time-points over two years: pre-practicum and post-practicum in the third and final years of studies. This study adopted mixed methods to collect data—questionnaires, in-depth interviews and weekly log entries. Results showed that the origins of student teachers’ worries were originated from different aspects, of which some later became the sources of motivation. The four longitudinal qualitative cases herein demonstrate how student teachers sources of motivation change over time.

scholarly journals Brand Coolness

2019 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 36-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caleb Warren ◽  
Rajeev Batra ◽  
Sandra Maria Correia Loureiro ◽  
Richard P. Bagozzi
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
High Status ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Over Time

Marketers strive to create cool brands, but the literature does not offer a blueprint for what “brand coolness” means or what features characterize cool brands. This research uses a mixed-methods approach to conceptualize brand coolness and identify a set of characteristics typically associated with cool brands. Focus groups, depth interviews, and an essay study indicate that cool brands are perceived to be extraordinary, aesthetically appealing, energetic, high status, rebellious, original, authentic, subcultural, iconic, and popular. In nine quantitative studies (surveys and experiments), the authors develop scale items to reliably measure the component characteristics of brand coolness; show that brand coolness influences important outcome variables, including consumers’ attitudes toward, satisfaction with, intentions to talk about, and willingness to pay for the brand; and demonstrate how cool brands change over time. At first, most brands become cool to a small niche, at which point they are perceived to be more subcultural, rebellious, authentic, and original. Over time, some cool brands become adopted by the masses, at which point they are perceived to be more popular and iconic.

scholarly journals Testing the efficacy and acceptability of video-reflexive methods in personal protective equipment training for medical interns: a mixed methods study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. e052985
Author(s):  
Mary Wyer ◽  
Su-Yin Hor ◽  
Ruth Barratt ◽  
G L Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Medical Interns ◽  
Video Group ◽  
Over Time

ObjectivesTo test the efficacy and acceptability of video-reflexive methods for training medical interns in the use of personal protective equipment (PPE).DesignMixed methods study.SettingA tertiary-care teaching hospital, Sydney, January 2018–February 2019.Participants72 of 90 medical interns consented to participate. Of these, 39 completed all three time points.InterventionsParticipants received a standard infection prevention and control (IPC) education module during their hospital orientation. They were then allocated alternately to a control or video group. At three time points (TPs) over the year, participants were asked to don/doff PPE items based on hospital protocol. At the first two TPs, all participants also participated in a reflexive discussion. At the second and third TPs, all participants were audited on their performance. The only difference between groups was that the video group was videoed while donning/doffing PPE, and they watched this footage as a stimulus for reflexive discussion.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe efficacy and acceptability of the intervention were assessed using: (1) comparisons of audit performance between and within groups over time, (2) comparisons between groups on survey responses for evaluation of training and self-efficacy and (3) thematic analysis of reflexive discussions.ResultsBoth groups improved in their PPE competence over time, although there was no consistent pattern of significant differences within and between groups. No significant differences were found between groups on reported acceptability of training, or self-efficacy for PPE use. However, analysis of reflexive discussions shows that the effects of the video-reflexive intervention were tangible and different in important respects from standard training.ConclusionsVideo reflexivity in group-based training can assist new clinicians in engagement with, and better understanding of, IPC in their clinical practice. Our study also highlights the need for ongoing and targeted IPC training during medical undergraduate studies as well as regular workplace refresher training.

scholarly journals Health-seeking behaviours in a malaria endemic district in Lao People’s Democratic Republic: a mixed methods study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. e055350
Author(s):  
Ken Ing Cherng Ong ◽  
Phonepadith Khattignavong ◽  
Sengdeuane Keomalaphet ◽  
Moritoshi Iwagami ◽  
Paul Brey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Lao Pdr ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Endemic District ◽  
Depth Interviews

ObjectivesThis mixed methods study was conducted to explore the barriers and facilitators for health-seeking behaviours in a malaria endemic district in Lao PDR.DesignA convergent mixed methods design.SettingTwo malaria endemic villages in Thapangthong district, Savannakhet Province, Lao PDR.ParticipantsVillagers and healthcare workers in the two villages in Thapangthong district.MethodsIn the quantitative part, a pretested questionnaire was used to identify the health-seeking behaviours of the villagers. In the qualitative part, focus group discussions were employed to explore health-seeking behaviours of the villagers and in-depth interviews were used to explore the perceptions of the healthcare workers. Descriptive statistics were computed and multiple logistic regressions were used to identify the factors associated with perceived severity and perceived susceptibility. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the qualitative data. Quantitative and qualitative results were integrated in joint displays.ResultsIn the quantitative part, data were collected from 313 villagers from both villages. For malaria, 96.0% and 98.2% of villagers from villages A and B, respectively, would first seek treatment at public health facilities. Villagers who have not experienced malaria before were more likely to perceive that the consequences of malaria were serious compared with those who have experienced malaria before (adjusted OR=1.69, 95% CI: 1.03 to 2.75). However, qualitative data showed that villagers faced problems such as lack of medicines and medical equipment. Healthcare workers also mentioned the lack of manpower and equipment in the in-depth interviews. Nevertheless, villagers still preferred to seek treatment at the health center as the National Health Insurance was introduced.ConclusionsPublic health facility usage was high but barriers existed. Effective policy and enabling environment such as the introduction of the National Health Insurance could help accelerate the progress towards the malaria elimination goal. Moreover, the benefits could go beyond the context of malaria.

Motherhood and Opportunities for Activism Before and After the Czech Velvet Revolution

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Shriver ◽  
Alison Adams ◽  
Rachel Einwohner
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Temporal Changes ◽  
Environmental Activism ◽  
Communist Regime ◽  
Opportunity Structures ◽  
Velvet Revolution ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Over Time

Extant social movement research emphasizes the nexus of gender and opportunity structures in a variety of contexts, yet little work has examined how gender mediates the effects of structural opportunities on activism over time. We advance the existing literature by examining environmental activism framed around motherhood in pre- and post-revolutionary Czech Republic. Our analysis draws from rich qualitative data, collected over a ten-year span, which highlight temporal changes in mother activism in these two distinct eras. Contrary to expectation, gendered opportunities for mother activists expanded during the repressive era of the communist regime and contracted following the 1989 velvet revolution. We show how and why these dynamics occurred, and conclude by discussing implications for future social movement research on gender and gendered opportunities.

scholarly journals Impact of deep brain stimulation on people with Parkinson’s disease: A mixed methods feasibility study exploring lifespace and community outcomes

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-107
Author(s):  
Jacki Liddle ◽  
Amreetaa Sundraraj ◽  
David Ireland ◽  
Sally Bennett ◽  
Tereza Stillerova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Community Outcomes ◽  
Deep Brain

Background Deep brain stimulation is a surgical treatment for Parkinson’s disease. Its impacts on motor symptoms are widely reported; however, little is known about the broader impact of deep brain stimulation on the community lives of people with Parkinson’s disease. Lifespace is a measure of lived community mobility, providing an indication of community access and participation. Aims This pilot study explored the feasibility of remotely monitoring the qualitative and quantitative community outcomes related to deep brain stimulation. Methods A longitudinal mixed methods study with a convergent design was undertaken exploring the lifespace, quality of life, life satisfaction and lived experiences of people with Parkinson’s disease before and after deep brain stimulation. Data were collected through questionnaires, semi-structured interviews and a smartphone-based application which collected geolocation data. Results Quantitative and qualitative data from eight participants living with Parkinson’s disease were analysed and integrated. At baseline, participants had a median age of 68 years and a median Hoehn and Yahr score of 2. Measuring a range of community-based outcomes indicated different change trajectories for individuals across outcomes. Key content areas were developed from the qualitative data: participation in occupations and travel and home. This study indicates the potential value of including geolocation data-based lifespace collection in metropolitan and regional areas. Conclusions Monitoring lifespace in conjunction with subjective measures provides insights into the complex and individually varied experiences. Further research could explore the impacts of deep brain stimulation on occupations and community participation to gain a deeper understanding of the related needs and support clinical approaches.

scholarly journals Character Index of Mathematics and Science Student Teachers in Online Learning

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 381
Author(s):  
Parmin Parmin ◽  
Iwan Junaedi ◽  
Eling Purwantoyo ◽  
Ibnul Mubarak ◽  
Mukhammad Toni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Distance Learning ◽  
Student Teachers ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Science Student ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Mathematics And Science

Online learning changes learning habits from face to face to distance learning. The purpose of the study is to measure the character index of mathematics and science student teachers in online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study used mixed methods, collecting and analyzing quantitative data through questionnaires targeting Mathematics and Science student teachers, followed by qualitative data through interviews. The questionnaire used a Likert five scale option. The number of research targets was 340 student teachers with 224 women and 116 men. The results obtained are four indicators of mathematics and science student teachers characters in online learning that are less than optimal, consisting of beginning and ending lectures by praying, attendance, and politeness while optimal in the timeliness indicator collecting assignments with an index of 4.40 from a maximum index of 5.00. The study concludes that online learning has an impact on the character index of student teachers.

Data: sources and definitions

2018 ◽  
pp. 39-60
Author(s):  
Rose Lindsey ◽  
John Mohan ◽  
Sarah Bulloch ◽  
Elizabeth Metcalfe
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
General Population ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Voluntary Action ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
Social Surveys ◽  
Quantitative Estimates ◽  
Over Time

This chapter describes and briefly evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of the sources of evidence on voluntary action used in this book, and the challenges faced when using a mixed-methods approach. The chapter discusses the derivation of quantitative estimates of levels of volunteering and considers the challenges in analysing volunteering levels over time due to of variations in methodology and discontinuities in the availability of survey data. The chapter goes on to describe the source of qualitative data, writing undertaken by Mass Observation Project (MOP) volunteer writers and considers the advantages and limitations of this source. The chapter proceeds to a discussion of the challenges of mixed-methods work using these diverse sources. While MOP respondents can clearly be said to be active citizens, by the same token, this means that they are not typical of the general population, when compared to national social surveys drawing on respondents who are representative of the population. The chapter concludes with a discussion of how the various datasets are brought into dialogue with one another, and of the value of mixing data and methods of analysis.

scholarly journals Creativity and Motivation in Higher Education Teacher Training

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Jarmila Novotná ◽  
Ľubomír Verbovanec ◽  
Ľuboš Török
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Training ◽  
Student Teachers ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Creative Development ◽  
Arithmetic Means ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Index Analysis ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Research Concept

Abstract The main research subject of this study is a teacher. Our goal is to contribute to changes in teacher training in the direction of developing their motivation and creative potential, so that creative personalities of students could be subsequently developed. We chose the methodological concept of a natural developing experiment, in which we study the dynamics of changes in motivation and creativity of student teachers. In the scope of extensive research concept we used various methods to record scores before and after the experiment, such as IMB, DMV, IPOT, WKOPAY and Torrance Figural Test of Creative Thinking. The results were subjected to a quantitative evaluation by means of conventional statistical methods, such as the significance of differences in arithmetic means and index analysis. These were subjected to a qualitative analysis. As a result, conclusions were drawn from the study of future teachers' motivation and creativity. The results have shown significant arguments in favour of aimed and intensive motivational and creative development programmes. As it follows from our findings, interesting also for theories on educational process, the elimination of fear, anxiety, tension and teaching stress can humanise educational environment and also change motives for improving one's creative performance. The goal of our experiment is to contribute to the improvement of undergraduate teacher training and participate in progressive changes in the educational system.

scholarly journals Povidone iodine, hydrogen peroxide and chlorhexidine mouthwashes reduce SARS-CoV2 burden in whole mouth fluid and respiratory droplets

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bagavad Gita Jayaraman ◽  
Gunaseelan Rajan ◽  
Priya Kannian ◽  
Chandra Lavanya ◽  
Krittika Ravichandran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Povidone Iodine ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Antigen Test ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Time Points ◽  
The Third ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Respiratory Droplets ◽  
First Time

SARS-CoV2 is transmitted primarily through oral mouth secretions and respiratory droplets. Commercial mouthwashes, povidone iodine (PI), hydrogen peroxide (HP) and chlorhexidine (CHX) have been tested in cell culture and RT-PCR studies for their efficacy to reduce SARS-CoV2 burden. Here, we evaluated SARS-CoV2 burden in whole mouth fluid (WMF) and respiratory droplets (RD) samples before and after the use of PI, HP or CHX mouthwashes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients using RT-PCR and rapid antigen test (RAT). Thirty-six SARS-CoV2 RT-PCR-positive in-patients were randomly assigned to one of the four groups: 20 and 60 minutes after 1% w/v PI or 1.5% HP; 90 and 180 minutes after 1.5% HP or 0.2% w/v CHX. WMF and RD samples were collected concurrently at baseline and after the two different time points. RD (92%) showed a higher reduction in SARS-CoV2 burden than WMF samples (50%; p=0.008). SARS-CoV2 burden was statistically lower at both 20 minutes (p=0.02) and 60 minutes (p=0.03) with PI; at 20 minutes with HP (p=0.0001); and 90 minutes with CHX (p=0.04). The overall and individual mean logarithmic reductions in the WMF and RD samples were greater than 1.0 at 20, 60 and 90 minutes after PI, HP or CHX. RAT-positive patients at 90 minutes post-treatment (n=3) demonstrated a one log increase in virus copies. Among the three RAT-negative post-treatment patients, SARS-CoV2 burden declined by one log in two while the third patient had a slight increase in RNA copies. In conclusion, we have shown for the first time that the mouthwashes, PI, HP and CHX can reduce the SARS-CoV2 burden in the concurrently collected RD and WMF samples. RAT is more appropriate than RT-PCR to evaluate the efficacy of the mouthwashes.

scholarly journals PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS’ PRIOR EXPECTATIONS AND THEIR ACTUAL EXPERIENCES OF TEACHING MATHEMATICS DURING PEDAGOGICAL INTERNSHIP IN ZIMBABWE

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (6) ◽  
pp. 983-999
Author(s):  
Chipo Makamure
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Training ◽  
Student Teachers ◽  
Teacher Educators ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Teaching Mathematics ◽  
School Based ◽  
Mathematics Knowledge ◽  
Training Institutions ◽  
Training Programmes ◽  
Depth Interviews

Pedagogical internship (PI) is an important component of teacher training programmes in Zimbabwe. It is envisaged to give student teachers experience in the classroom. However, the variation between the theoretical expectations of pre-service teachers (PST) and their actual experiences in the field has been a relational lacuna in academic research in Zimbabwe. This research sought to address this by presenting data on the relation between college PSTs’ expectations about teaching mathematics and their actual experiences during PI in Zimbabwe. The study shares findings from a mixed methods study that employed two questionnaires completed by 120 PST before and during PI respectively, and a third questionnaire administered to school-based mentors. The researcher also conducted in-depth interviews with a few selected PSTs and teacher educators to elicit their views about the PSTs’ practices. The results show that there is, indeed, a conflictual relationship between the PSTs’ expectations of teaching mathematics and their experiences in the classroom. PSTs showed a consistent anticipation that they would sail through PI without many difficulties, but this expectancy turned out to be idealistic and impractical. The research also established that PSTs’ expectations about teaching mathematics prior to PI can influence their field practices, hence, determining their opportunities to learn to teach the subject. It is recommended that teacher training institutions organize programmes for PSTs before PI to prepare and acquaint them fully with the skills that are needed to face challenges of teaching that may otherwise come as a shock during PI. Keywords: expectations of teaching, field experiences, mathematics knowledge, pedagogical internship (PI), pre-service teachers (PSTs)

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