SELECTED FORMS OF ECONOMIC BEHAVIOUR OF MEMBERS IN RURAL HOUSEHOLDS WITH A DISABLED PERSON

2017 ◽  
Vol XIX (3) ◽  
pp. 265-270
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Siedlecka ◽  
Jarosław Żbikowski ◽  
Marek Kuźmicki
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Medical Certificate ◽  
Economic Behaviour ◽  
Disability Status ◽  
Degree Of Disability

All subjects that exist in a given economic system show to a greater or lesser degree various forms of economic behaviour. The main aim of this study is to analyze selected forms of economic behaviour in rural households with disabled people. In particular, the author presents a thorough analysis of ways of generating income by people living in such households. Taking into consideration the spatial scope of the research, it seems legitimate to assume that work in agriculture the predominant source of income in the analyzed households. Another hypothesis formulated in this study is the assumption that the sources of income in households with a disabled person are determined by the degree of disability and the period of legal disability status granted in a medical certificate. In order to verify the hypothesis, the author conducted survey studies of 5000 households with disabled people. The analysis allowed for a positive verification of only the second hypothesis.

Industrial disability in the Japanese railways business: the activity of Testudō Kōsaikai, 1931–1955

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Toshitaka Nagahiro
Keyword(s):  
Job Training ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Lower Degree ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Postwar Period ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Railroad Industry ◽  
Lower Member ◽  
Degree Of Disability ◽  
Industrialization Process

Abstract The industrialization process generated many disabilities. However, the historical study of industrial disability has not progressed. This study examines disability welfare in the Japanese railroad industry. In particular, Testudō Kōsaikai, an organization of the Japanese National Railways (JNR) established in 1931, was uniquely devoted to welfare activities by linking a profit-making business and the provision of welfare. To cover welfare costs, such as providing workshops for disabled people, Kōsaikai conducted profit-making businesses, such as sales at station stalls. However, the welfare of disabled people in the JNR, including the activities of Kōsaikai, has not been previously examined. This study clarified the structure of disability welfare in the Japanese railroad industry until the early postwar period. People with a lower degree of disability, such as one upper or lower member amputation, were employed by the JNR, while some of these people were employed by Kōsaikai as sellers or officers, or accepted job training in Kōsaikai workshops. On the contrary, although few people with higher degrees of disability were employed by the JNR and Kōsaikai, the latter employed their family members to compensate them for their living costs.

scholarly journals The Significance of HLA DRB1*1501 and Oligoclonal Bands in Multiple Sclerosis: Clinical Features and Disability

Medicina ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Balnytė ◽  
Daiva Rastenytė ◽  
Ingrida Ulozienė ◽  
Dalia Mickevičienė ◽  
Erika Skrodenienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Oligoclonal Bands ◽  
Disability Score ◽  
Mcdonald Criteria ◽  
Disability Status ◽  
Igg Index ◽  
Degree Of Disability ◽  
A Prospective Study

The aim of the present study was to determine the value of immunogenetic risk factors and to estimate their relationship with the clinical features and disability status of patients with multiple sclerosis in a Lithuanian population. Materials and Methods. This was a prospective study of 80 patients with multiple sclerosis. The diagnosis of multiple sclerosis was based on the revised McDonald criteria. Oligoclonal bands (OCBs) of immunoglobulin G (IgG) were tested using isoelectric focusing and IgG specific immunofixation. HLA DRB1 alleles were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction. Results. Of all patients, 55% were positive for OCBs and 56% for HLA DRB1*1501. OCBpositive patients with multiple sclerosis had higher EDSS scores than their OCB-negative counterparts at onset of the disease (3.93±1.21 and 3.36±0.96 points, respectively; P=0.02) and during the last visit (4.31±2.06 and 3.09±1.98 points, respectively; P=0.009). The mean relapse rate was higher in the OCB-positive group compared with OCB-negative group (1.45±0.69 and 0.58±0.64, respectively; P=0.001). OCB-positive patients had higher IgG index compared with OCB-negative patients (P=0.0001). No relationship was found between HLA DRB1*1501 antigen status and the clinical features or EDSS score, and presence or absence of OCB in the present subset of patients with multiple sclerosis. Conclusions. The presence of oligoclonal bands in the cerebrospinal fluid of the patients with multiple sclerosis was associated with the greater number of exacerbations, higher degree of disability, and higher IgG index. There were no significant associations between the presence of HLA DRB1*1501 allele and the clinical symptoms, course of disease, or disability score.

scholarly journals DISABILITY, STATUS ENHANCEMENT, PERSONAL ENHANCEMENT AND RESOURCE ALLOCATION

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Wolff
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Disability Status ◽  
Material Environment ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
The Face ◽  
Scarcity Of Resources ◽  
Status Enhancement

It often appears that the most appropriate form of addressing disadvantage related to disability is through policies that can be called “status enhancements”: changes to the social, cultural and material environment so that the difficulties experienced by those with impairments are reduced, even eradicated. However, status enhancements can also have their limitations. This paper compares the relative merits of policies of status enhancement and “personal enhancement”: changes to the disabled person. It then takes up the question of how to assess the priority of the claims of disabled people in the face of scarcity of resources for which there can be many competing social claims, arguing for the theory of “declustering disadvantage”.

scholarly journals Assessment of cognitive functions in patients with multiple sclerosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara A. Al-Falaki ◽  
Farqad B. Hamdan ◽  
Nawfal M. Sheaheed
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
Duration Of Illness ◽  
Disability Status ◽  
Visuospatial Learning ◽  
Degree Of Disability ◽  
Moca Score

Abstract Background About 40–70% of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) develop cognitive impairment (CI) throughout their life. We aim to study the influence of MS on cognitive changes. This is a case–control study of fifty patients with MS who met the revised 2017 Mc Donald Criteria and fifty age- and sex-matched healthy subjects. The Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) was used to assess the degree of disability, and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scoring system was used to assess cognitive function. Results MS patients show low total MoCA score than the controls. Total MoCA scores were lower in patients with CI versus those with intact cognition. CI was higher in those with a longer duration of illness and a high EDSS. MoCA was positively correlated with education level but negatively with EDSS and disease duration. Conclusion MoCA scale has optimal psychometric properties for routine clinical use in patients with MS, even in those with mild functional disability. The longer the disease duration and the higher the EDSS, the lower the MoCA score and the higher the education level, the higher the MoCA score. As for the profile of cognitive dysfunction in patients with MS, the domains most frequently failed by the patients were memory, attention, visuospatial learning, and language.

scholarly journals Satisfying the Housing Needs of Disabled Citizens in North-Eastern Poland

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Marcelina Zapotoczna
Keyword(s):  
Multidimensional Analysis ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Everyday Activities ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Degree Of Disability ◽  
Housing Needs

:Since disabled people have lower income and their geographical mobility is lower, they often tolerate inappropriate housing conditions, i.e. conditions that do not suit the type and degree of their disability. This article presents the results of interviews conducted among people affected by various degrees of disability. The main aim of the study was to determine the housing needs in regard to quality and to the extent to which the needs are satisfied by people living in the north-east of Poland. The first stage of the study involved identification of the factors that determine the quality of housing that satisfies the basic needs and barriers which prevent performing everyday activities. Subsequently, a multidimensional analysis was conducted to assess the extent to which the housing needs are satisfied in groups identified by the degree of disability. The synthetic measures and distance-related indexes suggested the existence of large diversity in the level of satisfaction of housing needs in the groups of disabled people under study.

scholarly journals Understanding political development through an intersectionality framework: Life stories of disability activists

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akemi Nishida
Keyword(s):  
Political Development ◽  
Life Stories ◽  
Life Story ◽  
Analytical Tool ◽  
The Political ◽  
Community Resources ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Disability Status ◽  
Intersecting Identities ◽  
Life Story Interviews

<p>This article explores how those who do not share their marginalized identities with their surrounding people (e.g., family members) and thus community resources relating to these identities, initiate and experience political development. The concept of intersectionality is used as an analytical tool to examine how one's political development is mediated via one's intersecting identities, communities, and experience of social in/justices. Life story interviews were conducted with disabled activists to explore this question. The stories reveal how these activists, who had initially resisted identifying as disabled for various reasons, eventually used the politicizing experiences from nondisability identities and communities to reframe and reclaim their disability status. By tracing the political developments of disabled people, this article places importance on understanding the process in a holistic way and on developing activist communities and movements that acknowledge intersecting identities and in/justices.</p>

scholarly journals Internet access for disabled people: Understanding socio-relational factors in Europe

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederike Scholz ◽  
Betul Yalcin ◽  
Mark Priestley
Keyword(s):  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
Household Composition ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Disability Status ◽  
Relational Factors ◽  
New Policies ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Access to the Internet has become a sine qua non-of everyday life. It also offers new routes to economic and social inclusion for disabled people. Research on the digital divide shows that social factors affect Internet access but disability status is often overlooked. This paper assesses the extent to which disability makes a difference and how it interacts with other social effects to produce distinctive forms of digital exclusion. The analysis uses survey data from 27 European countries to explore and model, statistically, the interactions between Internet access, disability status, age, gender, education, household financial situation and household composition. Multilevel analysis confirms that socio-demographic factors can explain much variance in outcomes but there is a distinctive disability effect. In particular, the adverse effects of financial constraint, aging and living alone are exacerbated among disabled people. New policies to strengthen e-accessibility, arising from the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and from the European Union, are important but cannot ignore those who are still excluded from the online revolution. Disabled people are over-represented in this group. The evidence suggests that both accessible technologies and appropriate supportive relationships are needed to address this.

scholarly journals The Value of Self-Reported Cognitive Performance in low, medium and high EDSS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delphine Van Laethem ◽  
Alexander De Cock ◽  
Jeroen Van Schependom ◽  
Ralph HB Benedict ◽  
Guy Nagels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Physical Disability ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Cognitive Tests ◽  
Expanded Disability Status Scale ◽  
Patient Report ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Disability Status ◽  
Degree Of Disability ◽  
Positive Correlations

AbstractBackgroundThe inconsistent association of patient-reported Multiple Sclerosis Neuropsychological Questionnaire (MSNQ) scores with performance-based cognitive tests in MS could be related to the degree of disability, due to certain MSNQ-questions assuming some self-dependence and intact instrumental ADLs.ObjectivesTo test whether the relation between subjective and objective cognitive performance could be moderated by physical disability as measured by the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), we assessed the correlation between MSNQ and Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) scores in different EDSS groups.MethodsFrom 288 MS patients who completed the patient-report MSNQ and a two‐question screening tool for depression, we also collected SDMT and EDSS scores. We analysed correlations in the total group and three EDSS subgroups: Low 0.0 – 3.0, Medium 3.5 – 6.0 and High 6.5 – 9.5.ResultsWe found a significant and negative correlation between patient-reported MSNQ scores and SDMT scores in the low EDSS (r = -.225, p = .044), but not in the medium and high EDSS groups, and significant positive correlations between MSNQ and depression in all subgroups.ConclusionsOur data suggest that the patient-report MSNQ has potential as a measure of cognition in patients with low EDSS-scores but not in the medium and high EDSS ranges.

scholarly journals Serum leptin and body mass index in a sample of Egyptian multiple sclerosis patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. Abd Elhafeez ◽  
Dina A. Zamzam ◽  
Mohamed M. Fouad ◽  
Hala M. Elkhawas ◽  
Hend A. Abdel Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Disability Status ◽  
Degree Of Disability ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Abstract Background The adipose tissues release pro-inflammatory cytokines such as leptin that can be considered a link between obesity and autoimmunity. This study aimed to investigate a possible correlation between BMI, serum leptin, and multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods This case-control study recruited consecutively 169 patients from our MS Unit and 50 healthy controls. Clinical history and examination with Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scoring were done for all patients. Calculation of body mass index (BMI) and measurement of serum leptin level were done for patients and controls. Results The case group had significantly higher BMI (mean of 26.85 ± 6.06 versus 19.55 ± 1.62; P < 0.001) and higher serum leptin levels (median [IQR] of 280 pgm/ml [175–525] versus 102.5 pgm/ml [80–125]; P < 0.001) compared to the control group. Serum leptin levels did not have a correlation with either disease activity or degree of disability. Conclusions MS patients had significantly higher BMI and higher serum leptin levels compared to controls.

The Importance and Popularity of Tourism Among People with Disabilities in Poland

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 161-184
Author(s):  
Jan Zawadka
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Research Group ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Medical Certificate ◽  
Travel Agencies ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose. The aim of the study is to show the preferences, behaviours and tourist expectations of disabled people living in cities. Method. The research was carried out at the beginning of 2018 on a sample of 636 people (having a medical certificate of disability) using the questionnaire technique. The interviewers were second-year students of first-degree studies at Warsaw WULS (SGGW), Tourism and Recreation. Findings. The most popular were domestic trips, especially short-term ones. The respondents most often took one or two trips a year, the purpose of which was mainly rest and sightseeing. The determinant of choosing a particular travel offer was primarily the price. The trip was mainly organized by the interested people themselves or their families. The respondents' journeys were carried out mainly in the summer. Coastal and mountain destinations were the most popular. The respondents most often spent time there walking and going to social meetings. Research and conclusions limitations. Due to the method of selection of the respondents and their number, the research group is not representative and the results should not refer to the general disabled in Poland. Practical implications. The results of the research may prove to be helpful for travel agencies in order to better adapt offers for people with disabilities living in cities. Originality. Research on tourist activity of people with disabilities is rarely undertaken in Poland, and its scope is varied, hence, it is difficult to determine the originality of research and its results. Type of paper. The article presents the results of empirical research.

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