FAMILY 500 PLUS PROGRAMS AND FLAT PLUS WITH KEY INSTRUMENTS FOR PRIVATE SOCIAL POLICY IN POLAND

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Sylwia Gwoździewicz ◽  
Dariusz Prokopowicz
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Durable Goods ◽  
Pension System ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Large Families ◽  
Strategic Goal

In Poland, for many years, relatively large incomes have reached large families. Similar relationships are shaped in the area of housing and household equipment in durable goods. The purpose of the Family 500 Plus program launched in April 2016 is to significantly reduce the scale of this socially and economically disadvantageous relationship, ie the current lowest profitability in large families. Apart from current, mainly profitable goals, improvement of the financial situation of families, this program also has an important long-term goal. The long-term strategic goal of the Family 500 Plus program is to change the demographic structure of society in Poland in the direction of increasing fertility, ie rejuvenating the society. Considering the public financial system of the state, this is a strategic goal of socio-economic policy to reduce the demographic scale of the aging process, ie limiting the potential for announcement in the next several decades of insolvency of the participatory pension system operated by the Social Insurance Institution. The second key program of social family policy in Poland launched in December 2016 is the Mieszkanie Plus program. This program, through the improvement of the housing situation, should fulfill important functions of housing policy in the scope of reducing the social stratification of families in Poland. The main objective of the Mieszkanie Plus program is to significantly increase the availability of flats, especially low-cost rental apartments, with the option of purchasing property after 20-30 years of use. In addition, both of the socio-economic policy programs mentioned above should also have a positive impact on the domestic economy, thus contributing to the reduction of income social stratification and to the activation of economic growth.

scholarly journals REFORMS OF FINANCING PENSION INSURANCE SYSTEM IN CONDITIONS OF TRANSITION

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Stojanović
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Pension System ◽  
Pension Reform ◽  
Current System ◽  
Intergenerational Solidarity ◽  
Pension Insurance ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Social ◽  
Pension Insurance System

A serious crisis of the pension system has been present in Bosnia and Herzegovina, as well as in many other countries for many years. The current system, which functions on the concept of intergenerational solidarity is financially unsustainable, due to negative demographic and economic movements, as well as reduced number of the employed, and an increase in the number of pensioners. As the main objective of the pension system (the social security of citizens, ie protection against the risk of old age, disability and death) is not fulfilled, it seems that the reform of the pension system is necessary. It is necessary to answer the question: how to transform the pension system of intergenerational solidarity in a system of individual capitalized savings in a socially painless and affordable way?! The implementation of the pension reform aims to establish a long-term sustainable pension system that will provide quality protection from risk, old age, death, disability, and at the same time be consentaneous with economic and demographic movements andensure an adequate level of benefit to citizens in the later age.The aim of the paper is to define the wider, objective picture of the current state of the position of the pension system, as well as providing basic guidelines for the reform and development courses in the future.

scholarly journals Institutionalization of long-term care for the elderly: the experience of St. Petersburg

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 194
Author(s):  
Galina V. Kolosova
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Care For The Elderly ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Mechanisms Of Formation

The increase in life expectancy and the growth of the elderly population in the Russian Federation, including in St. Petersburg, dictates the need for changes in the areas of social services and health care. This is not surprising, aging today has become a global process that has different mechanisms of formation and differs by country and territory. But the sociological theoretical study of the topic of aging is still insufficient. European states rely on demographic trends, which determine a new approach to assessing the available resources, prospects for the development and improvement of social service systems in the direction of long-term care for the elderly. It is important, while maintaining continuity in the work of the social services established in the 1990s, to actively include the family, NGOs and volunteerism in the development of these institutions. The purpose of this article is to analyze the achievements and barriers to the institutional development of long - term care for the elderly in St. Petersburg. Methodically, the article is based on the analysis of legal acts regulating the development of long-term care, mainly in St. Petersburg. For the care system to take shape, it requires the participation of families, NGOs and volunteer resources, as well as the study of the best Russian and international experience.

scholarly journals SOCIO-ECONOMIC POLICY OF UKRAINE: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 185-193
Author(s):  
О. О. Nikogosyan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Market Failures ◽  
Private Business ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Social

The article defines the priorities of the social policy of Ukraine at the present stage. The socio-economic problems of Ukraine are analyzed, their causes and solutions are identified. It is shown that the main reason for the failures of the socio-economic policy of independent Ukraine is the uncritical attitude of Ukrainian reformers to the consequences of neoliberal policies in other countries, as a result of which foreign experience of socio-economic reforms began to be introduced without taking into account domestic specifics. The decline in the role of the state in socio-economic policy, the increase in the role of private business, the privatization of "everything and everyone" led to a sharp social stratification, an economic crisis, which became a trigger for crises in all spheres of Ukrainian society. One of the fundamental principles of neoliberal economics, deregulation, has also collapsed. It turned out that the market is not efficient in areas in which the business cannot make quick and large profits. The so-called "market failures" demonstrated the need for state regulation in the spheres of education, health care, ecology, etc. Conclusions of the study and prospects for further research in this direction. Thus, if the new government really wants to build a successful country of happy people, it must make social and economic policy its top priority. Its primary tasks at the present stage should be: reduction of tariffs for utilities by eliminating from them the corruption component and excess profits of suppliers; revision of the principles of granting subsidies for utility bills. Exclusion from the number of subsidies of those who do not need state aid, but have a formal right to receive it (they work unofficially); the fight against the shadow economy, with the concealment of income from taxation; reforming the system of wages and pensions; creation of jobs with decent wages; establishing interaction between the state and private business in order to increase the social responsibility of the latter.

scholarly journals Aspekte van die sosiale stratifikasie van die ontwikkelde agrariese samelewing in die eerste-eeuse Palestina

1993 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Van Aarde
Keyword(s):  
Social Stratification ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
First Century ◽  
Social Location ◽  
Dominant Ideology ◽  
Peasant Communities ◽  
Agrarian Society ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family

Aspects of the social stratification of the advanced agrarian society in first-century Palestine This article focuses on aspects of the social stratification of first-century Palestine as an advanced agrarian society. It aims at describing the interaction between different classes and the sociological origins of groups like the Pharisees and the Sadducees. The relation between the elites and the peasant communities is interpreted in terms of, inter alia, the social location of villages surrounding cities. It is argued that in an advanced agrarian society the family as institution should still be regarded as the dominant ideology. However, political and economic pressures caused a weakening of the influence of the extended family on the surface.

scholarly journals Stigma in Mental Illness: Relative’s Perspective

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
S R Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Past ◽  
Care Givers ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family

Introduction: Stigma is an important determinant in mental illness, which determines awareness, symptom recognition and treatment adherence. It is an important factor due to which relatives of patients with psychiatric disorders decide treatment and further evaluation. Materials and Methods: This is cross-sectional retrospective study done at medical college. Valid and standardized rating scales along with socio-demographic profile were used to assess perception, awareness and attitude regarding stigma against mental illness among relatives of patients who have mental illness.Results: Most family members did not perceive themselves as being avoided by others because of their relative’s hospitalization, half reported concealing the hospitalization at least to some degree. Both the characteristics of the mental illness (the stigmatizing mark) and the social characteristics of the family were significantly related to levels of family stigma. Care givers whose relative had experienced an episode of illness within the past 6 months reported greater avoidance by others. Conclusion: Stigma experienced by relatives is pervasive and everlasting. It deeply affects emotional, social and occupational aspects of care giver also which leads to concealment of their patient’s illness, which have long term detrimental situations and non-compliance of medications.J Psychiatric Association of Nepal Vol .3, No.2, 2014, pp: 37-42DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpan.v3i2.12393

scholarly journals Cohabitation and Commitment: Partnership Plans of Young Men and Women

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 356-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn Jamieson ◽  
Michael Anderson ◽  
David McCrone ◽  
Frank Bechhofer ◽  
Robert Stewart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Married Couples ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Heterosexual Couples ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Cohabiting Couples ◽  
Living Together ◽  
Depth Interviews

Popular commentators on marriage and the family often interpret the increase in heterosexual couples living together without marrying as reduced willingness to create and honour life-long partnerships. Survey and in-depth interviews with samples of 20–29 year olds living in an urban area of Scotland finds little support for the postulated link between growing cohabitation and a weakened sense of commitment to long-term arrangements. Most of the cohabiting couples strongly stressed their ‘commitment’. Socially acceptable vocabularies of motive undoubtedly influenced answers but interviews helped to explore deeper meanings. Many respondents' views were consistent with previous research predictions of a weakening sense of any added value of marriage. At the same time, some respondents continued to stress the social significance of the distinction between marriage and cohabitation, consistent with research interpreting cohabitation as a ‘try and see’ strategy part-way to the perceived full commitment of marriage. The notion that ‘marriage is better for children’ continued to have support among respondents. While, on average, cohabiting couples had lower incomes and poorer employment situations than married couples, only very extreme adverse circumstances were presented as making marriage ‘too risky’. Pregnancy-provoked cohabitation was not always in this category. Cohabitation was maintained because marriage would ‘make no difference’ or because they ‘had not yet got round to’ marriage. Most respondents were more wary of attempting to schedule or plan in their personal life than in other domains and cohabitees' attitudes to partnership, including their generally ‘committed’ approach, do not explain the known greater vulnerability of this group to dissolution.

scholarly journals “We Have No Proletariat”: Social Stratification and Occupational Homogamy in Industrial Switzerland, Winterthur 1909/10–1928

2005 ◽  
Vol 50 (S13) ◽  
pp. 65-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reto Schumacher ◽  
Luigi Lorenzetti
Keyword(s):  
Social Stratification ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Engineering Industry ◽  
Class Consciousness ◽  
Labour Movement ◽  
Active Labour ◽  
The Social ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
General Strike

The aim of this study is to examine, by analysing marital origin-related homogamy and mobility, the fluidity of a system of social stratification marked by a heterogeneous working class and likely to lead to increasing social-group solidarity during the phase of a more active labour movement in the early twentieth century. Data from Winterthur, a Swiss town characterized by the expansion of an important engineering industry, reveal that occupational homogamy was most pronounced at the top, among higher managers and professionals, and at the bottom of the social hierarchy, among unskilled factory workers. There is no empirical evidence of increased homogamous behaviour after the nationwide general strike of 1918, which is said to have had a long-term impact on workers' class-consciousness. Our analyses show, however, that the association between the social background of spouses depended on their geographical origin. This result may point to a regionally determined class-consciousness.

scholarly journals A New Class in a Transforming Society. [Rev.] Toshchenko Zh.T. Prekariat: ot protoklassa k novomu klassu. Monografija. [Prekariat: From protoclass to a New Class. Monograph.] Moscow: Nauka publ., 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey A. Vozmitel
Keyword(s):  
Social Stratification ◽  
Social System ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
New Approach ◽  
New Class ◽  
The Social

The author of the reviewed monograph argues that social classes have not disappeared, but rather they have acquired new qualities and parameters. Thus J.T. Toschenko shows the need for a new approach towards analyzing social stratification. This analysis should be based not on “income, education and social status, but it should include such new factors as guaranteed sustained employment, the availability of social protection, preserving professional identity, participating in governance and confidence in the future”. The group of people who are deprived of any social achievements is going to keep growing. The author uses the term “the precariat” for those persons who lack any legal guarantees or legal protection of their basic needs. The precariat is characterised by multiple deprivation, which has never been observed on this scale before. The monograph aims at highlighting the main reasons for the emergence of this “protoclass”. The main reason being the turbulence, the inconsistency and the distortion of social processes, which lead to a traumatized society, it being a result of long-term degradation and the social system withering away.

scholarly journals Świat społeczny ludzi żyjących w ubóstwie

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-238
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Tarkowska
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Social World ◽  
Poor People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Poor Families

This is a chapter of a book containing the results of a study entitled ‘Old and New Forms of Poverty—The Lifestyles of Poor Families,’ which was conducted under the direction of Elżbieta Tarkowska in the second half of the 1990s. The author presents the social world of poor people in Poland, and two of its aspects in particular: the limitation of interhuman contacts to the family circle, and the role of institutions such as parishes, schools, and especially social support, in resolving the ongoing problems of daily life. Social policy, as reconstructed from the statements of people living in poverty, is oriented toward temporary activities and not toward shaping aspirations and behaviors, and yet the sole method of overcoming the apathy and helplessness accompanying long-term poverty is to arouse aspirations in the sphere of education.

scholarly journals COVID-19, Oil Price, Bitcoin, and US Economic Policy Uncertainty: Evidence from ARDL Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Hanan Naser
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Financial Market ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Oil Price ◽  
Market Volatility ◽  
Policy Uncertainty ◽  
Economic Policy Uncertainty ◽  
The Impact

The pandemic of coronavirus (COVID-19) creates fear and uncertainty causing extraordinary disruption to financial markets and global economy. Witnessing the fastest selloff in the American stock market in history with a plunge of more than 28% in S&P 500 has increased the volatility of global financial market to exceed the level observed during the financial crisis of 2008. On the other hand, Bitcoin value has shown considerable stability in the last couple of months peaking at $10,367.53 in the mid of February 2020. In this context, the aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of COVID-19 numbers on Bitcoin price taking into consideration number of controlling variables including WTI-oil price, S&P 500 index, financial market volatility, gold prices, and economic policy uncertainty of the US. To do so, ARDL estimation has been applied using daily data from December 31, 2019 till May 20, 2020. Key findings reveal that the daily reported cases of new infections have a marginal positive impact on Bitcoin price in the long term. However, the indirect impact associated with the fear of COVID-19 pandemic via financial market stress cannot be neglected. Bitcoin can also serve as a hedging tool against the economic policy uncertainty in the long term. In the short run, while the returns of economic policy uncertainty have no impact on Bitcoin price, the growth in the new cases of COVID-19 infection and returns of financial market volatility have more positive significant impact on Bitcoin returns.

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