PECULIARITIES IN VISUAL FUNCTIONS AND THEIR RESTORATION IN TEENAGERS WITH EMMETROPIC REFRACTION AFTER WORK ON COMPUTERS AND THE METHOD OF ITS REDUCTION

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (79) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Stepan Vadzuk ◽  
Nataliia Ulianytska ◽  
Svitlana Indyka ◽  
Olga Andriychuk ◽  
Olena Yakobson
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Contrast Sensitivity ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Computer Work ◽  
Breath Holding ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Visual Functions ◽  
Sensitivity Change ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

Modern IT penetration leads to the sharing with usage of information devices, especially PCs, in teaching and learning process. Nowadays, according to the specialists’ research, in Ukraine above 9,5 million people are PC users (in fact, one in five people), but half of them is children and teenagers. As a result the changes in functional activity of different organs and systems are produced, but work with video-display terminals exerts the most influence on visual analyzer (Cochina 2009, Kovtun 2008). Goal of research: to study the visual acuity and contrast sensitivity in senior pupils while working at the computer monitor, and when disorders are determined to offer their effective correction. Methods and materials: Sixty healthy senior pupils (120 eyes) with emmetropic refraction were examined. The visual acuity and contrast sensitivity were investigated by special computer techniques. At the first stage the effect of one-hour uninterrupted computer work on visual functions was studied. Their state after a fifteen-minute passive rest was determined at the second stage. The author’s program “Eyesight Preservation and Restoration” that includes special exercises for eyes, upper limb girdle and neck with the elements of breath-holding, followed by the determination of the parameters in question was used at the third stage. Results of the research: We have found decrease in the visual acuity by 7.4% after one-hour constant visual strain on the computer monitor. Conspicuous is the fact that doing the restoration exercises for fifteen minutes after one-hour visual strain increased the visual acuity by 7.2%. It is worth pointing out the contrast sensitivity increases to 36,1 ± 1,42% and 36,08 ± 1,65% respectively in the right eye and in the left eye after one-hour visual workload. This indicates the contrast sensitivity decrease in the eyes and the reduction of successful implementation of visual work under the changes in brightness. Conclusions: Thus, the indices of the visual functions, such as the visual acuity and contrast sensitivity change under the impact of the work on the PC, but the fifteen-minute set of the restoration exercises brings them closer to the baseline.

The impact of cataract surgery on depressive symptoms for bilateral cataract patients in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kien Gia To ◽  
Lynn B. Meuleners ◽  
Michelle L. Fraser ◽  
Dat Van Duong ◽  
Dung Van Do ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Contrast Sensitivity ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Bilateral Cataract ◽  
Vietnamese Population ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTBackground:Depression is common among older populations with cataract. However, the impact of cataract surgery on depression in both developed and developing countries remains unclear. The aim of this study is to determine the impact of cataract surgery on depressive symptoms and to examine the association between objective visual measures and change in depressive symptoms after surgery among a Vietnamese population in Ho Chi Minh City.Methods:A cohort of older patients with bilateral cataract were assessed the week before and one to three months after first eye surgery only or first- and second-eye cataract surgeries. Visual measures including visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and stereopsis were obtained. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 20-item Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D). Descriptive analyses and a generalized estimating equations (GEE) analysis were undertaken to determine the impact of cataract surgery on depressive symptoms.Results:Four hundred and thirteen participants were recruited into the study before cataract surgery. Two hundred and forty-seven completed the follow-up assessment after surgery. There was a significant decrease (improvement) of one point in the depressive symptoms score (p = 0.04) after cataract surgery, after accounting for potential confounding factors. In addition, females reported a significantly greater decrease (improvement) of two points in depressive symptom scores (p = 0.01), compared to males. However, contrast sensitivity, visual acuity, and stereopsis were not significantly associated with change in depressive symptoms scores. First-eye cataract surgery or both-eye cataract surgery did not modify the change in depressive symptoms score.Conclusion:There was a small but significant improvement in depressive symptoms score after cataract surgery for an older population in Vietnam.

A clinical case of transcleral fixation of an artificial iridochrustalic diaphragm during its decentration in a patient with aniridia and aphakia

2021 ◽  
pp. 206-208
Author(s):  
D.O. Shkvorchenko ◽  
◽  
I.M. Gorshkov ◽  
S.A. Kakunina ◽  
K.S. Norman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Functional Results ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
Visual Functions ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Right

Purpose. To evaluate the clinical and functional results of the technique of transcleral fixation of the artificial iridochrustalic diaphragm during its decentration in a patient with aniridia and aphakia. Material and methods. Under observation was a 32-year-old patient K. with a diagnosis on the right eye: iridochrustalic diaphragm decentralization, posttraumatic aniridia, posttraumatic aphakia, who underwent a method of transcleral fixation of a displaced artificial iridochrustalic diaphragm developed at the Academician S. N. Fedorov Eye Microsurgery of the Moscow Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. Results. Patient K. is subjectively satisfied with the visual functions obtained in the right eye. Conclusion. Thus, this clinical case demonstrates a very successful implementation of the fixation of the iridochrustalic diaphragm with its displacement to obtain satisfactory visual functions in the patient. Key words: aniridia, iridochrustalic diaphragm, transcleral fixation.

scholarly journals PROGRAM PSIKOEDUKASI OPTIMALISASI TUMBUH KEMBANG ANAK MELALUI SENSORY INTEGRASI

Sarwahita ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
Mauna Mauna
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Sensory Integration ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Parental Knowledge ◽  
Optimal Development ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

Abstract: All children experience the process of growth and development in life. In order to reach optimal development, the child needs to get the appropriate stimulation provided with the right method. At the age of 0 to 7 years, children learn to use limbs so that the most appropriate stimulation for children aged 0 to 7 years is to use limbs as a medium of learning. This is in line with the techniques performed on sensory integration programs. But unfortunately not many parents know this. This issue often creates problems in child development. The purpose of this community service is to raise the awareness of parents to conduct teaching and learning process in ways appropriate to the age and stages of development owned by children so that children can be optimally developed. This activity is done by making activity planning, determining the location of activities and doing psychoeducation program on the parents of children at Darul Syifa Wal Aitam Foundation that located at Kranji, Bekasi. This activity is an attempt to improve parental knowledge about the importance of sensory integration and the impact it gains when the child's sensory is not well integrated. The benefit of this community service is the increased knowledge of parents about the use of sensory integration methods so that it can be used to optimize the growth of their children.   Abstrak: Semua anak mengalami proses pertumbuhan dan perkembangan dalam hidupnya. Agar perkembangannya dapat optimal, anak perlu mendapatkan stimulasi yang sesuai yang diberikan dengan metode yang tepat. Di usia 0 sampai 7 tahun anak belajar menggunakan anggota tubuhnya sehingga pemberian stimulasi yang paling tepat untuk anak usia 0 sampai 7 tahun adalah dengan menggunakan anggota tubuhnya sebagai media pembelajaran. Hal ini senada dengan teknik-teknik yang dilakukan pada program sensory integrasi. Namun sayangnya belum banyak orang tua yang mengetahui hal ini sehingga sering muncul permasalahan dalam perkembangan anak.Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah meningkatkan kesadaran orangtua untuk melakukan proses belajar mengajar dengan cara-cara yang sesuai dengan usia dan tahapan perkembangan yang dimiliki oleh anak sehingga anak dapat berkembang dengan optimal. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan membuat perencanaan kegiatan, menentukan lokasi kegiatan dan melakukan program psikoedukasi pada orangtua anak-anak pada yayasan Darul Syifa Wal Aitam Kranji, Bekasi. Kegiatan ini sebagai usaha untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan orangtua tentang pentingnya sensori integrasi dan dampak yang didapatkan apabila sensori anak tidak terintegrasi dengan baik. Manfaat dari pengabdian ini adalah meningkatnya pengetahuan orang tua tentang penggunaan metode sensori integrasi sehingga dapat digunakan untuk mengoptimalkan tumbuh kembang anakanaknya . 

scholarly journals The impact of irregular corneal shape parameters on visual acuity and contrast sensitivity

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanita Liduma ◽  
Artis Luguzis ◽  
Gunta Krumina
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Contrast Sensitivity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Shape Parameters ◽  
Corneal Surface ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Corneal Shape ◽  
Different Diameters ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Corneal Apex

Abstract Background To understand which irregular corneal parameters determine the visual quality in keratoconus subjects. Methods The cross-sectional study examined the eyes of 44 subjects, graded from the first to third keratoconus stages by Amsler-Krumeich classification. We obtained measurements in two ways: (a) by projecting two perpendicular axes onto a cornea (first, through the central point of the cornea and keratoconus apex; second, as the perpendicular axis) to read the elevation values at points on these axes as parameters characterising the corneal surface; (b) by projecting circles with different diameters around the central part of the cornea (1, 2, and 3 mm) and reading elevation values at points equally displaced on these circles as parameters characterising an anterior surface slope. Irregular corneal shape parameters’ correlations with visual acuity and contrast sensitivity were determined in order to understand which corneal slope parameter has the strongest correlation with visual acuity and contrast sensitivity. Results Parameters characterising the corneal surface’s correlations with contrast sensitivity were from r = 0.25 (p = 0.03) at 3 cpd to r = 0.47 (p < 0.01) at 9 cpd for the highest elevation and from r = 0.33 (p = 0.09) at 5 cpd to r = 0.40 (p < 0.01) at 11 cpd for the lowest elevation in all subjects together, while for visual acuity the parameters were r = 0.30 (p < 0.01) for the highest elevation and r = 0.21 (p = 0.06) for the lowest elevation in all subjects together. The correlation between contrast sensitivity and the highest and lowest corneal point in all measured cornea was stronger for subjects with a peripheral corneal apex than for those with a central apex. In keratoconus subjects, contrast sensitivity displayed a strong correlation with slope in the central part of the cornea (with a radius of 1 mm) ranging from 0.48 (p < 0.01) at 3 cpd to 0.61 (p < 0.01) at 9 cpd. Conclusion Contrast sensitivity has a higher correlation with corneal shape parameters than with visual acuity. Subjects with a peripheral corneal apex had stronger correlations with visual acuity and contrast sensitivity than did subjects with a central apex. In keratoconus subjects, the strongest correlation was for contrast sensitivity and elevation (slope) in the region within a 1 mm radius of the corneal centre in the opposite direction of the keratoconus apex (direction (ax) CB).

scholarly journals Myopia and age-related macular degeneration: structural and anatomical changes of the eye

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
I. B. Alekseev ◽  
Ju. A. Nam
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Visual Functions ◽  
Chorioretinal Atrophy ◽  
Age Related ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the study was to find out how age-related macular degeneration and medium-high degree myopia affect the structural and anatomical parameters of the eyeball, and to find whether a relationship exists between various types of myopic staphylomas and changes of visual functions.Material and methods. 120 patients (236 eyes), with medium and high degree myopia and age-related retinal changes, aged 44 to 81 years were tested for two groups of parameters: quantitative and qualitative. The former included the patients’ age, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), computer perimetry data, the axial length, and the thickness of the retina in the central zone. The latter included retinal changes, in particular pigment epithelium (PE) defects, drusen, PE detachment, choroidal neovascular membrane (CNV), Fuchs spot and diffuse chorioretinal atrophy. The impact of various types of staphylomas on visual functions was evaluated. Results. Visual functions were found to directly depend on retinal PE integrity. If defects, detachment, or drusen are present, computer perimetry parameters and BVCA are reducing. Fuchs spot presence and diffuse chorioretinal atrophy reduces BCVA and causes an MD decrease. The lowest visual acuity and considerable light sensitivity loss was noted in patients with combined staphylomas. Conclusion. The obtained data confirm that retinal dystrophic processes directly affect visual functions: BCVA and retinal photosensitivity levels drop in all retinal changes studied. The presence of staphyloma, being a factor that aggravates myopia, undoubtedly worsens the most of the parameters studied. 

scholarly journals The Impact of Trainings and Experience on Teachers’ Attitudes Towards the Inclusion of Children with Special Educational Needs in the Ordinary and Comprehensive Schools

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
Saranda Shatri
Keyword(s):  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Special Educational Needs ◽  
Teaching Process ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Comprehensive Schools ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Teachers play a cardinal role in the implementation of quality education, and consequently the positive attitudes of teachers are crucial to the successful implementation of inclusion in education. The justification for carrying out this study lies in the fact that many children with special needs in different parts of the world but also in Kosovo are still deprived of the fundamental rights to receive education alongside their peers. Among the many obstacles and challenges, one of the main documented challenges results to be the attitudes that today's societies have to those who qualify with different abilities. Kosovo is gradually trying and taking steps to move towards a more inclusive society. In Kosovo, many governmental and non-governmental organizations have offered various programs in the vocational training of Kosovo society, among others, training of teachers with new teaching and learning methodologies. Based on this, this research focused on the impact of the trainings in the teaching at school, how the training of teachers has effected the teaching process and quality of teaching, by using as a sample the large number of trained teachers. To find out the impacts of these trainings in the teaching process, research has been conducted and the results that are presented in this paper have been extracted. The paper investigates the impact of independent variables such as: working experience as a teacher, training of teachers, and also making comparisons between regular schools and comprehensive schools in Kosovo.

scholarly journals The Impact of Cataract Surgery on Contrast Visual Acuity and Retinal Sensitivity in Patients with Retinitis Pigmentosa

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Gen Miura ◽  
Takayuki Baba ◽  
Tomoaki Tatsumi ◽  
Hirotaka Yokouchi ◽  
Shuichi Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Retinitis Pigmentosa ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Contrast Sensitivity ◽  
Retinal Sensitivity ◽  
Zone Length ◽  
Ellipsoid Zone ◽  
Postoperative Visual Acuity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

Purpose. To determine the effects of cataract surgery on contrast visual acuity and retinal sensitivity in patients with retinitis pigmentosa. Methods. Retinal sensitivity and contrast visual acuity were determined by microperimetry (MAIA) and contrast sensitivity acuity tester (CAT-CP), respectively, before and after cataract surgery. The significance of the correlations between visual acuity, retinal sensitivity, contrast visual acuity, improvements after surgery, and macular structure before and after cataract surgery was determined. Results. Retinal sensitivity and contrast visual acuity were significantly improved after cataract surgery. The correlations among postoperative visual acuity, postoperative retinal sensitivities, and preoperative ellipsoid zone length were significant. The postoperative retinal sensitivity of the central 10° and the ellipsoid zone length was particularly significantly correlated. Preoperative contrast visual acuity and the amount of improvement and preoperative retinal sensitivity and the amount of improvement were significantly negatively correlated. The contrast visual acuity under both the 100% and 10% photopic and mesopic conditions improved significantly after cataract surgery. Conclusions. Cataract surgery in retinitis pigmentosa patients with preserved ellipsoid zones significantly improved retinal sensitivity and contrast visual acuity. Cataract surgery can be expected to improve retinal sensitivity and contrast visual acuity under various conditions, even if preoperative visual parameters are low, as long as the ellipsoid zone is preserved.

scholarly journals Analysis on the Influence of The Epidemic on Teaching-Learning Process in Palghar Area

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (SUP 1) ◽  
pp. 53-56
Author(s):  
Juita Tushar Raut ◽  
Vikram Patil
Keyword(s):  
Online Education ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Online Courses ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Back To Work

The unexpected outburst of the novel COVID-19, carried a lot of damage to whole world. To contain the epidemic, people had to stay where they were. They could not go back to work places or to school or colleges. The offline courses were due to many reasons infeasible, what brought unexpected changes to education. Aside from efforts to solve this co19 problem, the state must continue to maintain the stability and sustainability of the learning process that is the right of all citizens. India experienced the same thing. The online courses, learning process came into the picture. The influence focusses on the teaching and learning-effect, the transformation of the teaching forms. This paper mainly focussed on the impact of online-learning process on the parents. This research aims to determine how parents and their children feel about online education and also learn about their experiences.

Implementing an antimicrobial stewardship programme

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Doyle
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Management Support ◽  
Governance Framework ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Programme Planning

Implementing an antimicrobial stewardship programme in an institution can be challenging. This chapter describes the process of the implementation of the programme—planning, doing, studying, acting. Planning involves understanding the institution’s environment, developing a case and gaining clinical and management support, creating a governance framework, and assembling the the right team. The nature and composition of the antimicrobial stewardship team is explored in detail. Doings means getting started—the importance of ‘quick wins’ that can be achieved to ensure acceptance and the importance of communication and a vision are covered. Studying means measuring and assessing the impact of the programme. Acting involves modifying and expanding the programme. Obstacles to successful implementation are discussed. Finally the chapter touches on the importance of entrenching the gains of the programme.

scholarly journals Azerbaijan Education System: Transition from Traditional to Modern Teaching and Learning Strategies. A Review of Literature

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira Mammadova ◽  
Aygun Musayeva ◽  
Elchin Jafarov ◽  
Bakhtiyar Badalov
Keyword(s):  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Education System ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Innovative Technologies ◽  
High Quality Education ◽  
Innovative Methods ◽  
Innovation In Education ◽  
Teaching And Learning Strategies ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

Education plays important role in the society and in the everyday lives of plenty of people. Education influences people in different ways, and the significance of high quality education is indisputable. Particularly, innovation in education is a light that shows the humankind the right direction to surge. The advancement of the society directly dependent on the development of education and its quality. The fact is that, technological progress and innovative technologies application in education system bring new tools for struggling with complicated obligations in education systems. People get opportunities to express themselves, communicate and interact with other peoples in local, national and global context by using innovative technologies in education. The main purpose of study is to examine traditional and modern, innovative methods of teaching and learning, to explore the impact of these methods on educational environment and specifically discuss different teaching and learning methods regarding Azerbaijan education system.

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