Temporal perspective and mental functioning of socially maladjusted youth held in conditions of institutional isolation

2021 ◽  
Vol 605 (10) ◽  
pp. 53-71
Author(s):  
Anna Dąbrowska ◽  
Joanna Marek-Banach ◽  
Philip Zimbardo
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Development ◽  
Family Court ◽  
Mental Functioning ◽  
Lower Intensity ◽  
Temporal Perspective ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Youth Education ◽  
Socially Maladjusted

Introduction: The aim of the research presented was to determine whether the temporal perspective of socially maladjusted adolescents, held against their will in conditions of institutional isolation, can be linked to the level of their mental functioning. Method: The researchers applied standardized psychological tests in a survey of a group of 311 adolescents (38 females, 273 males), aged 13–18, who were held in a youth education center (YEC) following family court rulings. Results: After a psychological characterization of three groups of adolescents with different temporal perspectives, distinguished on the basis of cluster analysis, it was proven that the temporal perspective of adolescents held in institutional isolation is crucial to the quality of their mental functioning. The participants who scored significantly lower in all dimensions of temporal perspective seemed to be experiencing lower-intensity loneliness, depression and stress. Those, on the other hand, whose perspective was of the present-hedonistic or past-negative types felt lonelier, lived under more stress and suffered from more severe forms of depression. The teenagers whose temporal perspective was past-positive and future-oriented turned out to be most balanced in terms of the investigated psychological variables, which may confirm the importance of a balanced temporal perspective for good quality of life. Conclusions: The strongest effect was found in relation to peer and family loneliness, which indicates the importance of family and peers in the teenagers’ psychosocial development. These findings promote further reflection on the legitimacy of institutional measures used in the rehabilitation of socially maladjusted youth to date, and the search for new, effective kinds of social rehabilitation intervention.

Raman Scattering Characterization of GaAs-AlAs Superlattices Grown Along the [110] Direction

1987 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Kirillov ◽  
Yi-Ching Pao
Keyword(s):  
Raman Scattering ◽  
Molecular Beam ◽  
Transverse Optical ◽  
Crystallographic Structure ◽  
Optical Phonons ◽  
Lower Intensity ◽  
Dominant Feature ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACTRaman spectra of the GaAs-AlAs superlattice grown by molecular beam epi-taxy along the [110] direction were studied for the first time. The spectra were compared with spectra of the [100] superlattice and differences due to different crystallographic structure were analyzed. It was found that the energies of folded acoustical modes are higher in the [110] superlattice due to higher sound velocity in the [110] direction. Confined transverse optical phonons were a dominant feature of the spectrum of the [110] superlattice which allowed observation of the folding of transverse optical phonons. Stronger intensity of interface modes and lower intensity of folded acousti-cal modes in the [110] superlattice indicated that the quality of the layer interfaces was worse than in the [100] superlattice.

scholarly journals Sensory profile of conilon coffee brews from the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 1061-1069
Author(s):  
André Luiz Buzzo Mori ◽  
Aline de Oliveira Garcia ◽  
Maria Amélia Gava Ferrão ◽  
Aymbiré Francisco Almeida da Fonseca ◽  
Romário Gava Ferrão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coffea Canephora ◽  
The State ◽  
Sensory Profile ◽  
Lower Intensity ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
Strong Body ◽  
Espirito Santo ◽  
Coffee Brews

Abstract: The objective of this work was to present a sensory description of conilon coffee (Coffea canephora) brews produced from genotypes developed for the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. The genotypes 'Diamante ES8112', 'ES8122', and 'Centenária ES8132' were evaluated. Nine samples from three clones (genotypes) of each cultivar, from two different regions of the state, were analyzed. A panel of tasters for coffee sensory evaluation was trained to obtain a descriptive profile and to select terms. Beverages were described as showing a higher intensity of powder fragrance, characteristic aroma of coffee brew, body, characteristic flavor and aftertaste, and a lower intensity of bitterness, acidity, astringency, and defects. The terms bitterness, strong, body, astringency, and coffee aftertaste were the most relevant in the characterization of the beverages of the studied C. canephora cultivars. Acidity is the attribute with the greatest impact on the overall quality of C. canephora brew. The coffee brews of the clones of 'Diamante ES8112', 'ES8122', and 'Centenária ES8132' are classified as of traditional quality, but near the superior category.

Physicochemical and bacteriological characterization of hospital effluents and their impact on the environment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Hospital Effluents ◽  
Biological Contaminants ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Direct Discharge ◽  
Significant Chemical

Liquid effluents discharged by hospitals may contain chemical and biological contaminants whose main source is the different substances used for the treatment of patients. This type of rejection can present a sanitary potentially dangerous risk for human health and can provoke a strong degradation of diverse environmental compartments mainly water and soils. The present study focuses on the quality of the liquid effluents of Hassani Abdelkader’s hospital of Sidi Bel-Abbes (West of Algeria). The results reveal a significant chemical pollution (COD: 879 mgO2/L, BOD5: 850 mgO2/L, NH4+ : 47.9 mg/l, NO2- : 4.2 mg/l, NO3- : 56.8 mg/l with respect to WHO standard of 90 mgO2/L, 30 mgO2/L, 0.5 mg/l, 1 mg/l and 1 mg/l respectively). However, these effluents are biodegradable since the ratio COD/BOD5 do not exceeded the value of 2 in almost all samples. The presence of pathogen germs is put into evidence such as pseudomonas, the clostridium, the staphylococcus, the fecal coliforms and fecal streptococcus. These results show that the direct discharge of these effluents constitutes a major threat to human health and the environment.

scholarly journals Proteomic Advances in Milk and Dairy Products

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3832
Author(s):  
Rubén Agregán ◽  
Noemí Echegaray ◽  
María López-Pedrouso ◽  
Radwan Kharabsheh ◽  
Daniel Franco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Two Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Post Translational Modifications ◽  
Fundamental Parameters ◽  
Complex Fluid ◽  
Proteins And Peptides ◽  
Milk And Dairy Products

Proteomics is a new area of study that in recent decades has provided great advances in the field of medicine. However, its enormous potential for the study of proteomes makes it also applicable to other areas of science. Milk is a highly heterogeneous and complex fluid, where there are numerous genetic variants and isoforms with post-translational modifications (PTMs). Due to the vast number of proteins and peptides existing in its matrix, proteomics is presented as a powerful tool for the characterization of milk samples and their products. The technology developed to date for the separation and characterization of the milk proteome, such as two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) technology and especially mass spectrometry (MS) have allowed an exhaustive characterization of the proteins and peptides present in milk and dairy products with enormous applications in the industry for the control of fundamental parameters, such as microbiological safety, the guarantee of authenticity, or the control of the transformations carried out, aimed to increase the quality of the final product.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Characterization Cascade of Nanoadjuvant–Antigen Systems for Improving Vaccines

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 544
Author(s):  
Giuditta Guerrini ◽  
Antonio Vivi ◽  
Sabrina Gioria ◽  
Jessica Ponti ◽  
Davide Magrì ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Protein Structure ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Protein Antigen ◽  
Efficacy And Safety

Adjuvants have been used for decades to enhance the immune response to vaccines, in particular for the subunit-based adjuvants. Physicochemical properties of the adjuvant-protein antigen complexes, such as size, morphology, protein structure and binding, influence the overall efficacy and safety of the vaccine. Here we show how to perform an accurate physicochemical characterization of the nanoaluminum–ovalbumin complex. Using a combination of existing techniques, we developed a multi-staged characterization strategy based on measurements of increased complexity. This characterization cascade has the advantage of being very flexible and easily adaptable to any adjuvant-protein antigen combinations. It will contribute to control the quality of antigen–adjuvant complexes and immunological outcomes, ultimately leading to improved vaccines.

scholarly journals Gut microbiota profiles and characterization of cultivable fungal isolates in IBS patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piero Sciavilla ◽  
Francesco Strati ◽  
Monica Di Paola ◽  
Monica Modesto ◽  
Francesco Vitali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Abstract Studies so far conducted on irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) have been focused mainly on the role of gut bacterial dysbiosis in modulating the intestinal permeability, inflammation, and motility, with consequences on the quality of life. Limited evidences showed a potential involvement of gut fungal communities. Here, the gut bacterial and fungal microbiota of a cohort of IBS patients have been characterized and compared with that of healthy subjects (HS). The IBS microbial community structure differed significantly compared to HS. In particular, we observed an enrichment of bacterial taxa involved in gut inflammation, such as Enterobacteriaceae, Streptococcus, Fusobacteria, Gemella, and Rothia, as well as depletion of health-promoting bacterial genera, such as Roseburia and Faecalibacterium. Gut microbial profiles in IBS patients differed also in accordance with constipation. Sequence analysis of the gut mycobiota showed enrichment of Saccharomycetes in IBS. Culturomics analysis of fungal isolates from feces showed enrichment of Candida spp. displaying from IBS a clonal expansion and a distinct genotypic profiles and different phenotypical features when compared to HS of Candida albicans isolates. Alongside the well-characterized gut bacterial dysbiosis in IBS, this study shed light on a yet poorly explored fungal component of the intestinal ecosystem, the gut mycobiota. Our results showed a differential fungal community in IBS compared to HS, suggesting potential for new insights on the involvement of the gut mycobiota in IBS. Key points • Comparison of gut microbiota and mycobiota between IBS and healthy subjects • Investigation of cultivable fungi in IBS and healthy subjects • Candida albicans isolates result more virulent in IBS subjects compared to healthy subjects

scholarly journals Personality and Dementia: an Approach to Differential Profile of the Caregiver

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 85-94
Author(s):  
Elena de Andrés-Jiménez ◽  
Rosa Mª Limiñana-Gras ◽  
Encarna Fernández-Ros
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Information ◽  
Personality Profile ◽  
Family Carers ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
The Family ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study is to determine the existence of a characteristic personality profile of family carers of people with dementia. The correct knowledge and use of psychological variables which affect the carer, helps to promote appropriate actions to mitigate the impact of care and improve the carer’s quality of life and likewise the one of the person cared for. The study population consists of 69 family carers of people with dementia, members of various associations and care centers. The results allow us to identify a characteristic personality profile for these carers and it reveals a specific psychological working in this sample, although we cannot directly relate it with the tasks of caring for people with this disease, this profile gives us very relevant information to pay more attention to the needs of this group. Moreover, the analysis of personality styles depends on the sex of the family carer, showing, once again, that the woman is in a situation of most vulnerability.

scholarly journals A Methodology Based on FT-IR Data Combined with Random Forest Model to Generate Spectralprints for the Characterization of High-Quality Vinegars

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1411
Author(s):  
José Luis P. Calle ◽  
Marta Ferreiro-González ◽  
Ana Ruiz-Rodríguez ◽  
Gerardo F. Barbero ◽  
José Á. Álvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Random Forest ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Protected Designation Of Origin ◽  
Ft Ir

Sherry wine vinegar is a Spanish gourmet product under Protected Designation of Origin (PDO). Before a vinegar can be labeled as Sherry vinegar, the product must meet certain requirements as established by its PDO, which, in this case, means that it has been produced following the traditional solera and criadera ageing system. The quality of the vinegar is determined by many factors such as the raw material, the acetification process or the aging system. For this reason, mainly producers, but also consumers, would benefit from the employment of effective analytical tools that allow precisely determining the origin and quality of vinegar. In the present study, a total of 48 Sherry vinegar samples manufactured from three different starting wines (Palomino Fino, Moscatel, and Pedro Ximénez wine) were analyzed by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The spectroscopic data were combined with unsupervised exploratory techniques such as hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA), as well as other nonparametric supervised techniques, namely, support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF), for the characterization of the samples. The HCA and PCA results present a clear grouping trend of the vinegar samples according to their raw materials. SVM in combination with leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) successfully classified 100% of the samples, according to the type of wine used for their production. The RF method allowed selecting the most important variables to develop the characteristic fingerprint (“spectralprint”) of the vinegar samples according to their starting wine. Furthermore, the RF model reached 100% accuracy for both LOOCV and out-of-bag (OOB) sets.

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