Development of Incurred Reference Material for Improving Conditions of Gluten Quantification

2012 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 382-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsuzsanna Bugyi ◽  
Kitti Török ◽  
Lívia Hajas ◽  
Zsanett Adonyi ◽  
Roland E Poms ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reference Material ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Food Matrix ◽  
Elisa Method ◽  
Analytical Methodology ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Flow Device ◽  
Potential Use

Abstract Celiac disease and wheat allergy are the most common adverse reactions triggered by cereal proteins, mainly gluten, which is one of the 14 allergenic food ingredients that must be labeled on food products in the European Union (EU). To meet the requirements of this regulation, reliable analytical methodology for proper quantification of gluten is necessary. However, validation of presently used methods (ELISA and lateral flow device) is limited partly due to the lack of reference methods and incurred reference materials. To solve this problem, the goal of our work was to develop an incurred reference material for the quantification of gluten under the auspices of EU-FP6 funded Network of Excellence MoniQA. During this work, we produced a processed model product (cookie) containing gliadin (major allergenic fraction of gluten) in a defined amount. This paper addresses the development process of this material together with the associated problems (insufficient homogeneity and low recovery) and their solutions. As a result, an incurred food matrix was produced on a laboratory-scale with a potential use as a reference material. The model product was tested by an ELISA method followed by a comparative study of commercially available ELISA kits to investigate the applicability of the product. Preliminary results of this study are also presented.

scholarly journals A Dieldrin Case Study: Another Evidence of an Obsolete Substance in the European Soil Environment

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 314
Author(s):  
Petros Tsiantas ◽  
Evangelia N. Tzanetou ◽  
Helen Karasali ◽  
Konstantinos M. Kasiotis
Keyword(s):  
Active Substance ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Soil Environment ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Environmental Concentration ◽  
Tandem Mass Spectrometric ◽  
Potential Use

Soil constitutes a central environmental compartment that, due to natural and anthropogenic activities, is a recipient of several contaminants. Among them, organochlorine pesticides are of major concern, even though they have been banned decades ago in the European Union, due to their persistence and the health effects they can elicit. In the presented work, a gas chromatographic tandem mass spectrometric (GC-MS/MS) developed method was applied to soil samples after the suspected and potential use of formulations containing organochlorine active substance. One soil sample was positive to dieldrin at 0.018 mg kg−1. Predicted environmental concentration in soil (PECsoil) considering a single application of this active substance potentially attributed the finding in its past use. The subsequent health risk assessment showed negligible non-carcinogenic risk and tolerable carcinogenic risk. The latter signifies that repetitive and prolonged sampling can unveil the pragmatic projection of persistent chemicals’ residues in the soil.

scholarly journals Enhanced Cognitive Walkthrough: Development of the Cognitive Walkthrough Method to Better Predict, Identify, and Present Usability Problems

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars-Ola Bligård ◽  
Anna-Lisa Osvalder
Keyword(s):  
Medical Equipment ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Product Development Process ◽  
Infusion Pumps ◽  
Usability Problems ◽  
Cognitive Walkthrough ◽  
High Level ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Potential Use

To avoid use errors when handling medical equipment, it is important to develop products with a high degree of usability. This can be achieved by performing usability evaluations in the product development process to detect and mitigate potential usability problems. A commonly used method is cognitive walkthrough (CW), but this method shows three weaknesses: poor high-level perspective, insufficient categorisation of detected usability problems, and difficulties in overviewing the analytical results. This paper presents a further development of CW with the aim of overcoming its weaknesses. The new method is called enhanced cognitive walkthrough (ECW). ECW is a proactive analytical method for analysis of potential usability problems. The ECW method has been employed to evaluate user interface designs of medical equipment such as home-care ventilators, infusion pumps, dialysis machines, and insulin pumps. The method has proved capable of identifying several potential use problems in designs.

scholarly journals Exploring Equity and Inclusion in Malawi’s National Disability Mainstreaming Strategy and Implementation Plan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikenna D Ebuenyi ◽  
Emma M. Smith ◽  
Alister Munthali ◽  
Steven W. Msowoya ◽  
Juba Kafumba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Policy Development ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Implementation Strategies ◽  
Strategy Development ◽  
Implementation Plan ◽  
Analytical Methodology ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Policy Development Process ◽  
Inclusive Processes ◽  
Equity And Inclusion

Abstract Background: Equity and inclusion are important principles in policy development and implementation. The aim of this study is to explore the extent to which equity and inclusion were considered in the development of Malawi’s National Disability Mainstreaming Strategy and Implementation Plan. Methods: We applied an analytical methodology to review the Malawi’s National Disability Mainstreaming Strategy and Implementation Plan using the EquIPP (Equity and Inclusion in Policy Processes) tool. The EquIPP tool assesses 17 Key Actions to explore the extent of equity and inclusion. Results: The development of the Malawi National Disability Mainstreaming Strategy and Implementation Plan was informed by a desire to promote the rights, opportunities and wellbeing of persons with disability in Malawi. The majority (58%) of the Key Actions received a rating of three, indicating evidence of clear, but incomplete or only partial engagement of persons with disabilities in the policy process. Three (18%) of the Key Actions received a rating of four indicating that all reasonable steps to engage in the policy development process were observed. Four (23%) of the Key Actions received a score five indicating a reference to Key Action in the core documents in the policy development process. Conclusion: The development of disability policies and associated implementation strategies requires equitable and inclusive processes that consider input from all stakeholders especially those whose wellbeing depend on such policies. It is pivotal for government and organisations in the process of policy or strategy development and implementation, to involve stakeholders in a virtuous process of co-production – co-implementation – co-evaluation, which may strengthen both the sense of inclusion and the effectiveness of the policy life-cycle.

scholarly journals Bioactive Peptides

2008 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 914-931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fereidoon Shahidi ◽  
Ying Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Food Processing ◽  
Metabolic Regulation ◽  
Bioactive Peptides ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Purification And Characterization ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Peptide Preparation ◽  
Potential Use

Abstract Peptides with biological activities, released during gastrointestinal digestion or food processing, play an important role in metabolic regulation and modulation, suggesting their potential use as nutraceuticals and functional food ingredients for health promotion and disease risk reduction. Many studies have reported that peptides from various food sources possess bioactivities, including antihypertensive, antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, and opioid activities as well as immunomodulatory and cholesterol-lowering effects. More studies are being performed exploring the sources, bioavailabilities, and possible physiological/functional properties and the mechanisms of action of bioactive peptides. Technological approaches in terms of peptide preparation, purification, and characterization have also been investigated.

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of Standard Reference Material 1849 Infant/Adult Nutritional Formula

2010 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 1262-1274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine E Sharpless ◽  
Richard M Lindstrom ◽  
Bryant C Nelson ◽  
Karen W Phinney ◽  
Catherine A Rimmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Reference Material ◽  
Infant Formula ◽  
Standard Reference Material ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Food Matrix ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Standard Reference Material (SRM) 1849 Infant/Adult Nutritional Formula has been issued by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) as a replacement for SRM 1846 Infant Formula, issued in 1996. Extraction characteristics of SRM 1846 have changed over time, as have NIST's analytical capabilities. While certified mass fraction values were provided for five constituents in SRM 1846 (four vitamins plus iodine), certified mass fraction values for 43 constituents are provided in SRM 1849 (fatty acids, elements, and vitamins) and reference mass fraction values are provided for an additional 43 constituents including amino acids and nucleotides, making it the most extensively characterized food-matrix SRM available from NIST.

scholarly journals Sea Buckthorn Leaves and the Novel Food Evaluation

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-114
Author(s):  
Sanna Kauppinen
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Sea Buckthorn ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Novel Food ◽  
History Of

AbstractNovel food means any food that was not used for human consumption to a significant degree within the European Union before 1997. The novel food regulation (EC) 258/97 concerns also foods and food ingredients consisting of or isolated from plants, except the food having a history of safe food use within the European Union before 1997. According to the knowledge thus far, sea buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides L.) leaves have not been used to a significant degree as food, food supplement, or spice in European Union before 1997. The new regulation on novel foods (EU) No. 2015/2283 (Anonymous, 2015) comes into force in the beginning of 2018. After that also history of safe use in a third country is accepted as information of its traditional use. This means continued use for at least 25 years in the customary diet of a significant number of people. Novel food application has to include the description of the product, production process, characteristics and composition, proposed uses and use levels, anticipated intake, history of its use, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, nutritional and toxicological information and allergenicity. Sea buckthorn leaves have been under active research lately and a lot of information is already available, but safety assessment required for novel food evaluation may still be needed.

scholarly journals N-Acetylcysteine in Handgrip Exercise: Plasma Thiols and Adverse Reactions

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo F. Ferreira ◽  
Kenneth S. Campbell ◽  
Michael B. Reid
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Handgrip Exercise ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Glutathione Status ◽  
Plasma Glutathione ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Plasma Thiols

N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a thiol donor with antioxidant properties that has potential use as an ergogenic aid. However, NAC is associated with adverse reactions that limit its use in humans.Purpose:The authors evaluated NAC efficacy as a thiol donor before handgrip exercise, measuring changes in serum cysteine and glutathione status and recording adverse reactions in adult subjects across a range of doses.Methods:Healthy individuals ingested NAC capsules (9 ± 2 or 18 ± 4 mg/kg) or solution (0, 35, 70, or 140 mg/kg). Venous blood samples were collected and subjects answered a questionnaire about adverse reactions.Results:Low doses of NAC (capsules) did not affect plasma cysteine or glutathione or cause adverse reactions. Adverse reactions to NAC solution were predominantly mild and gastrointestinal (GI). Intensity of GI reactions to 140 mg/kg NAC was significantly higher than placebo (in a.u., 0.67 ± 0.16 vs. 0.07 ± 0.04; p < .05). Plasma cysteine concentration increased with NAC dose from 9.3 ± 0.7 μM (placebo) to 65.3 ± 6.7 μM (140 mg/kg); however, there was no difference (p > .05) in plasma cysteine for 70 mg/kg vs. 140 mg/kg. Similar increases were observed for the ratio of cysteine to total cysteine, which was directly related to handgrip exercise performance. Plasma glutathione was elevated and oxidized glutathione diminished (p < .05) with NAC 140 mg/kg vs. placebo.Conclusion:NAC effects on plasma thiols are maximized by oral administration of 70 mg/kg, a dose that does not cause significant adverse reactions.

Activity concentration measurements of 137Cs, 90Sr and 40K in a wild food matrix reference material (Wild Berries) CCRI(II)-S8

Metrologia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (1A) ◽  
pp. 06007-06007 ◽  
Author(s):  
U Wätjen ◽  
T Altzitzogloa ◽  
A Ceccatelli ◽  
H Dikmen ◽  
L Ferreux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reference Material ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Wild Food ◽  
Food Matrix ◽  
Matrix Reference Material ◽  
Concentration Measurements ◽  
Wild Berries

scholarly journals Management of the Process of E-Commerce Development in Business on the Example of the European Union

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iryna Taranenko ◽  
Valentyna Chychun ◽  
Olha Korolenko ◽  
Iryna Goncharenko ◽  
Iryna Zhuvahina
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Process Management ◽  
The State ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Electronic Trade ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
The Eu

E-commerce is one of the fastest and most effective ways to trade in e-space. The leading role in the development of the digital economy and e-commerce belongs to the EU countries that use e-commerce to achieve the goals of sustainable development. The main target of e-commerce companies is to ensure the flexibility and adaptability of the e-commerce development management system. Purpose: to research of the state and prospects of e-commerce development in the EU countries, as well as the content and components of e-commerce development process management. Methods: systematization, generalization, comparative analysis, correlation analysis to build a correlation matrix. Results. The state of e-commerce in the EU countries is studied (according to the following indicators: the share of e-commerce in the total retail sales of individual EU countries, the share of the population shopping online, turnover from e-commerce in small businesses in the EU, etc.). A correlation analysis of the main indicators used to assess the market of electronic trade in the EU, the results of which proved that there is a direct relationship between the dynamics of these indicators and the dynamics of operating profits of enterprises in the EU.

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