scholarly journals Effect of a Training Protocol on Movement Function in Men with Cerebrovascular Accident

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Kazemi ◽  
Reza Mahdavinejad ◽  
Shahram Lenjani
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Cerebrovascular Accident ◽  
T Test ◽  
Stair Climbing ◽  
Movement Speed ◽  
Movement Function ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
And Control ◽  
Training Protocol

: Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) refers to any kind of damage caused by direct or indirect damage to the brain and its related elements. It is estimated that about 60% of brain injury victims have a permanent disorder. The consequences of CVA include reduced movement speed, weakness, functional impairment, reduced power, and balance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a 12-week selected training protocol on motor function following brain injury. In a semi-experimental study, 30 male subjects with a mean and standard deviation of 52.2 ± 5.4 years, weight 173.2 ± 4.2 kg, and height of 78.8 ± 5.3 cm were selected purposefully and accessible with inclusion and exclusion criteria. The participants were randomly divided into experimental (n = 15) and control groups (n = 15). In order to evaluate the physical-motor performance, 10-meter walking tests, get up and go tests, and climbing stairs tests were used. The training program lasted for 12 weeks, three sessions per week, and each session for 30 - 60 minutes. Data were analyzed by independent t-test and dependent t-test using SPSS-21 software at P ≤ 0.05 level. Based on dependent t-test and covariance test, there were significant differences in all three components of motor function (10 m walk time tests, get up and go test, and stair climbing test), there was a significant increase after training in men with CVA (P = 0.00). From the findings of this study, it can be concluded that the special exercises of the present study have a positive effect on motor function parameters of male patients with CVA, so it can be recommended as one of the most important rehabilitation strategies for these patients.

scholarly journals The Effect of Auditory and Tactile Stimulation by a Family Member on the Level of Agitation in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury and Decreased Consciousness: A Quasi-Experimental Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tayebeh Sedghi ◽  
Mahnaz Ghaljeh ◽  
Hamed Faghihi ◽  
Hamed Sarani
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Family Member ◽  
Tactile Stimulation ◽  
T Test ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
And Control

Background: Agitation in mechanically ventilated patients with decreased consciousness is a challenge in the ICU and a threat to the process of mechanical ventilation. On the other hand, controlling agitation through medication and imposing physical limitations is associated with a number of undesirable side effects. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effect of auditory and tactile stimulation by a family member on the level of agitation in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and decreased consciousness. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was performed on 80 TBI patients with decreased consciousness who were admitted to the ICU of two teaching hospitals in southeastern Iran in 2019. Qualified patients were selected by convenience sampling and then randomized into the intervention (n = 40) and control (n = 40) groups. Data collection tools included a demographic form and the Richmond Agitation and Sedation Scale (RASS). For patients in the intervention group, the researcher first completed the demographic form and the RASS. Then, they underwent the experiment, which consisted of auditory and sensory stimulation by a family member for 10 minutes. After 30 minutes, the agitation level was measured again. This experiment was performed for seven consecutive days between 16:00 and 18:00 o’clock. Patients in the control group, however, did not receive any intervention other than routine care in the ICU. Data were analyzed in SPSS version 21 by using descriptive statistical tests and independent t-test, paired t-test, [analysis of] covariance, and chi-square test at the significance level of P < 0.05. Results: The results indicated no significant difference in the level of agitation in the intervention and control groups between the first and fifth days; however, independent t-tests and analysis of covariance revealed that the patients who received auditory and tactile stimulation on the sixth and seventh days experienced significantly lower levels of agitation than the control group (P < 0.01). Conclusions: Auditory and tactile stimulation by family members is effective in decreasing the agitation of TBI patients with decreased consciousness. Therefore, it is suggested as a helpful intervention in nursing care programs.

THE EFFECT OF COMIC STRIPS ON SECONDARY EFL STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION AND WRITING ABILITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-57
Author(s):  
M. Ridhwan ◽  
Muhammad Taufik Ihsan ◽  
Naskah Naskah
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Null Hypothesis ◽  
Test Group ◽  
T Test ◽  
Comic Strips ◽  
Writing Ability ◽  
Paired Sample ◽  
And Control ◽  
Test Treatment

The purpose of this study was to investigate the significant effect of using comic strips strategy toward students’ reading comprehension and writing ability at MTsN 1 Pekanbaru. A Quasi-Experimental by Non-equivalent Pre-test and Post-test Group was applied as a designed for study. The sample was two classes (VIII 3 and VIII 4) consisting 20 students of treatment class, and 20 students of control class. The data were computed using SPPS 20.0 to analyze Independent sample t-test and Paired sample t-test. The finding of this study revealed that there was a significant effect on students’ reading comprehension by using comic strips strategy, it shown on paired sample t-test; treatment class was 77 and control class was 64.5, the hypothesis testing showed the result of post T-test -7.149, then score of sig.(2-tailed) is 0.000, if we act to null hypothesis (Ho) that is 0.05, it means that the score of sig.(2-tailed) was smaller than score of Ho. The data also revealed that there was a significant effect on students’ writing ability, it shown on paired sample t-test; treatment class was 79.6 and control class was 54.2, the hypothesis testing showed the result of post T-test -21.9, then score of sig.(2-tailed) is 0.000, if we act to null hypothesis (Ho) that is 0.05, it means that the score of sig.(2-tailed) was smaller than score of Ho. Therefore, the null hypothesis was rejected and the alternative hypothesis was accepted. From those data it can be summarized that there is a significant effect of using comic strips strategy on students’ reading comprehension and writing ability.

TEACHING READING BY UTILIZING HOT POTATOES SOFTWARE TOWARD STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION OF DESCRIPTIVE TEXT

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Abdullah Farih
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Alternative Hypothesis ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Teaching Reading ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
And Control

The objective of this study is to measure whether there is or not significant effect of teaching reading by utilizing Hot Potatoes software toward students’ reading comprehension of descriptive text. The variables used were the teaching treatment of Hot Potatoes Software as the independent variable and the students’ reading comprehension of Descriptive Text as dependent variable. Then, the research designed was Quasi-experimental design and the presentation of data used was quantitative. The data were obtained from the eleventh grade, of which 28 students were taken as sample. The students are divided into two groups; experiment group consisted of 12 students and control group consists of 16 students. To get the data, the pre-test and post-test were applied and then analyzed using t-test formula. The researcher had concluded that there is Significant effect of Hot Potatoes Software toward the students’ reading comprehension achievement. The result showed that mean of students’ post-test was increased. It is proved by the t-test (8.54) which is higher than t-table (2.05) at level of significance 5%. It means that the alternative hypothesis was accepted and it proved that Hot Potatoes Software had significant effect toward students’ reading comprehension of Descriptive Text

THE EFFECT OF APPLYING ANIMAL CARTOON PICTURES ON STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN WRITING NARRATIVE TEXT

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasanul Arifin Zul And Masitowarni Siregar
Keyword(s):  
T Test ◽  
Narrative Text ◽  
Control Group ◽  
First Year ◽  
Writing Achievement ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Written Test ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

This thesis is focused on the investigation of the effect of applying animal cartoon pictures on students’ achievement in writing narrative text. This study aims to find whether applying animal cartoon pictures significantly affect the students’ writing achievement or not. The data in this study were obtained by administering a written test. The population was the 2015/2016 first year (grade XI) of SMA Swasta Nusantara Lubuk Pakam and 66 students were taken as the sample by using random sampling. The sample was divided into two groups, experimental and control groups. The experimental group was taught by applying animal cartoon pictures while the control group without animal cartoon pictures (x = lecturing). The data were taken the scores from the pre-test and post-test to both experimental and control groups. These data were analyzed by using t-test. The result of computing the t-test obviously showed that t-observed is higher than t-table (5.21 >1,67) with the degree of freedom 64 (df =N-2) at the level significance 0,05 one tail test. It showed that the application of animal cartoon pictures significantly affected the students of SMA Swasta Nusantara Lubuk Pakam achievement in writing narrative text.

THE EFFECT OF RAP (READ, ASK, PARAPHRASE) STRATEGY ON STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION IN READING ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION TEXT

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronika N. And Lince Sihombing
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Multiple Choice Tests ◽  
Choice Tests ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

This study focused on finding out the effect of applying RAP (Read, Ask,Paraphrase) Strategy on students’ reading comprehension in reading analyticalexposition text. This study was conducted in experimental design. The populationof this research was the second year of students in SMA Swasta Katolik BudiMurni 2 Medan. There were seventy students of the second year senior highschool students as the sample of the research. This study was conducted with tworandomized groups namely Experimental Group and Control Group. Theexperimental group was taught by applying RAP Strategy, while the control groupwas taught by applying conventional strategy. The instrument of collecting thedata was multiple choice tests which consisted of 25 items. The data wereanalyzed by using t-test formula. The calculation shown that t-observed (5.36)was higher than t-table (1.994) at the level of significance (α) 0.05 with the degreeof freedom (df) 68. It means that there was a significant effect of applying RAPStrategy on students’ reading comprehension in reading analytical exposition text.

THE EFFECT OF APPLYING SQ3R METHOD ON STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN READING COMPREHENSION

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pranata Royganda Sihaloho And Masitowarni Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Conventional Method ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Multiple Choice Tests ◽  
Choice Tests ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

The aim of this study is to discover the effect of applying SQ3R method inreading comprehension. Experimental research design is used as the research method.This research took place at SMA Nasrani 2Medan. There were 2 classes chosen as thesample with 30 students in each class. The classes were divided into two groups namelyexperimental and control group. The experimental group was taught by using SQ3Rmethod and the control group was taught by using conventional method. The instrumentused to collect the data was a set of multiple choice tests, which divided as pre test andpost test. The result of the research was analyzed by using t-test formula. The resultshowed that t-test was higher than t-table (4,23>2,00) at the level of significant 0,05with degree of freedom (df) 58. It means that hypothesis alternative (Ha) is acceptedwhich shows that SQ3R method significantly improves the student’s readingcomprehension.

THE EFFECT OF THE ATTITUDE TOWARD BREASTFEEDING CONCEPT BASED COMIC ON THE ADOLESCENCE'S ATTITUDE TOWARD EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Mekar Dwi Anggraeni ◽  
Lutfatul Latifah ◽  
Aprilia Kartikasari ◽  
Ima Rismawati
Keyword(s):  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
T Test ◽  
Breastfeeding Duration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Marriage Age ◽  
First Marriage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
And Control

Background and purpose: The earlier development of the attitude toward exclusive breastfeeding produces the longer exclusive breastfeeding duration. Considering the first marriage age among Indonesian, the attitude toward exclusive breastfeeding should be developed at the adolescence age. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the attitude toward breastfeeding concept based comic on the adolescent's attitude toward exclusive breastfeeding. Method: This was a quasy experimental posttest only with control group study. The respondents were provided an comic. The respondent's attitude toward exclusive breastfeeding was measured using The Breastfeeding Attitude Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using independent and dependent t test. Results: The majority of respondents were aged 17 years old in both intervention (70%) and control grup (63%), first child in both intervention (23,3%) and control grup (26,7%), and had a nuclear family in both intervention (80%) and control grup (90%). The independent t test showed that there was a significant difference between post-test scores among the intervention and control groups (t = 5,602, p < 0,01). Conclusion and recommendation: Nurses may use the Attitude Toward Breastfeeding based comic to increase the Adolescence's attitude toward breastfeeding.Keywords: Comic, Attitudes Toward Exclusive Breastfeeding, Adolescence

Stick Figure and Think, Talk And Write: Integrating Media With Teaching Strategy For A Better Writing Competence

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Eva Sudarwati ◽  
Shynta Amalia
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Strategy ◽  
T Test ◽  
Narrative Writing ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Stick Figure ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
And Control ◽  
Writing Competence

Abstract This study attempts to see the effect of Think, Talk, and Write strategy on the students’ narrative writing competence. Considering the importance of the use of teaching media, this study tries to integrate Stick Figure as a teaching media in Think, Talk, and Write Strategy. A quasi experimental study was conducted to see the improvement of the students’ narrative writing competence. It involved 42 students who were selected on the basis of convenience sampling and assigned into two groups; experimental and control groups. The statistical analyses of paired sample t-test in experimental group showed that there was significant improvement on the students’ writing competence before (M=5.77, SD= 2.342) and after (M= 11.79, SD= 2.342), t(21)=12.059, p<0.05.Moreover, the result of independent t-test between experimental and control groups showed a significant difference. It can be seen that the mean differences was 3.79545 and the significance value is lower than 0.05, 0.000<0.05.

Using Concept Oriented Reading Instruction (CORI) to Promote Students’ Reading Comprehension

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Hilma Suryani
Keyword(s):  
Reading Achievement ◽  
Reading Instruction ◽  
Reading Strategies ◽  
Posttest Score ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Effective Reading Strategies ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

The problem of this study is “Does Concept Oriented Reading Instruction (CORI) enhance students’ reading achievement?” The design of this study was quasi-experimental. The sample of this study was taken from the population by using purposive sampling. The experimental group consisted of 39 students while the control group consisted of 35 students. The data were collected by using two instruments; test and questionnaire. The test was given twice to each group in order to see whether or not there was significance difference of pretest and posttest either in experimental or control group and whether or not there was significance difference of experimental and control group in terms of their posttest score. To prove the hypothesis, the data from pretest and posttest of experimental and control group were analyzed by applying paired sample t-test and independent sample t-test. The calculation was run by using SPSS computer program. The result of the study shows there was significance difference of students’ reading achievement between experimental and control group. Besides, the use of CORI as reading strategies was proved as effective reading strategies to enhance students’ reading achievement. Keywords: Concept Oriented Reading Instruction; reading strategy; reading achievement

The effect of realistic mathematics education on student achievement in 8th grades geometric objects teaching

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-31
Author(s):  
Hasan Huseyin Aksu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Academic Success ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
T Test ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
8Th Grade ◽  
And Control ◽  
Dependent Samples

The purpose of this study is to answer if there is a reasonable difference on academical success of students who get education with traditional and RME approach question on “Teaching geometrical objects to 8th grade students” subject. Study group consists of 47 students which contains 21 experimental and 16 control group from “Ordu Anadolu İmam Hatip High School Project School” in Altinordu, Ordu. Experimental and control group have same academical success level, as the school which this study has runned is a school which accepts students with an exam only. After the experimental and control groups were created, a 25 question pre-test was performed to understand the level of knowledge of the group regarding geometrical objects. The same test was performed on the same groups 8 weeks later as retention test. To determine opinions of the students in experimental group regarding RME and related learning activities, semi-structured interviews are conducted. The data obtained from the pretest, posttest and retention tests were analyzed with t-test for independent samples and t-test for dependent samples and variance analysis for mixed measurements with 0.05 significance level. According to the results, it is seen that learning activities prepared according to RME approach are much more effective than learning activities prepared according to the traditional approach on students’ academic success.

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