scholarly journals Relationship of earthworm biomass with temperature and rainfall in cultivated coconut and cinnamon lands in Sri Lanka

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (50) ◽  
pp. 129-132
Author(s):  
Udaya Wickramasinghe ◽  
R.W.K. Punchihewa ◽  
Shamali Kumari ◽  
Faiz Marikar
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Herbivore Interactions ◽  
Earthworm Biomass ◽  
Cinnamon Soil ◽  
Plant Herbivore ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact

Earthworms are keystone detritivores that can influence primary producers by changing seedbed conditions, soil characteristics, flow of water, nutrients and carbon, and plant-herbivore interactions. Our objective was to understand the impact of weather conditions on the number of species found and the relationship between the biomass and temperature and rainfall conditions in cultivated coconut and cinnamon lands in Sri Lanka. Earthworms were collected from Hakmana, Walasmulla, and Deiyandara districts from Sri Lanka. In this study we found a significant relationship between earthworm biomass and temperature in cinnamon soil, but there was no significant difference related to temperature and rainfall in coconut lands compared with cinnamon lands. The correlation between earthworm biomass and rainfall was weak. Also, we found no relationship between the number of species and temperature and rainfall conditions. The results indicated that the number of species was reduced due to climate change and that cinnamon lands provided good conditions for earthworms.

The impact of sidedness of colorectal cancer in tumor immunity.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 584-584
Author(s):  
Masaaki Nishi ◽  
Mitsuo Shimada ◽  
Hideya Kashihara ◽  
Jun Higashijima ◽  
Kozo Yoshikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Tumor Immunity ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Clinicopathological Factors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

584 Background: Clinical and molecular characteristics are different between Right-side and left-sided colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of this study was to clarify the significance of the correlation of the Sidedness of CRC and tumor immunity. Methods: A total of 116 patients who underwent curative colectomy for stage II/III CRC were included in this study. The expression of PD-1, PD-L1, FoxP3, TGF-b, and IDO was examined by immunohistochemistry and the relationship of sidedness to several prognostic factors was examined. Results: In clinicopathological factors, there were no significant difference between right sided and left sided CRC except for differentiation. Regarding tumor immunity, there were no significant difference in PD-1 and IDO expression. However, Fox P3 (right side 72% vs. left side 59%) and TGFβ (right side 72% vs. left side 57%) tended to be highly expressed in right side(p < 0.1). PDL1 was significantly highly expressed in right side(right side 65% vs. left side 35%, p < 0.05). In OS and DFS, the patients with right sided tumor tended to have poor prognosis compared with left side (p < 0.1). The PD-L1 positive patients of right-sided tumor had poor prognosis (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Sidedness is associated with tumor immunity in colorectal cancer.

scholarly journals Misconceptions in NFL Injuries: A Study on the Achilles

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 2473011419S0035
Author(s):  
Lauren V. Ready ◽  
Neill Y. Li ◽  
Samantha J. Worobey ◽  
Nicholas J. Lemme ◽  
JaeWon Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Football League ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
American Football ◽  
Injury Incidence ◽  
Field Representation ◽  
Career Length ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

Category: Sports, Trauma, Ankle, Achilles Introduction/Purpose: Injuries are an ever-present entity in the National Football League, with recent research highlighting American football with the highest injury incidence among all major sports. A torn Achilles can sideline a player for six to twelve months and reduce their power rankings by over fifty percent. Within Achilles tears, there was a focus on comparing rookie rates to the rest of the players, examining tear rates for different game conditions and studying the day of the week the injury occurred. Due to the impact of the injury and limited research, we sought to examine Achilles tears in the NFL from 2009-2016 to identify trends correlating tears with game and player demographics. Methods: NFL players with a diagnosed Achilles tear between 2009 and 2016 were selected as the study population for this retrospective analysis. Data on NFL injury was collected from an established database, previously comprised of publicly available athlete information. NFL player profiles were then employed to determine position, team and game statistics at time of injury. Injury rates were calculated as a percentage of total league games on Thursdays and Sundays. The proportion of rookies in the NFL was approximated by summing the number of draft picks and the number of signed, undrafted free agents and measured against the total number of roster spots before the commencement of the season. Game surface was discerned at time of injury by consulting a timeline of the field surfaces and cross referencing the date of the game. Game conditions, such as weather and temperature, were discerned from the game logs published on the NFL website. Results: There were 101 documented Achilles tears. Sixty-four percent (65/101) occurred before the official season, in training or pre-season games. Only 1% (1/101) of tears occurring during post-season play-offs. Twenty-nine percent (19/65) of the pre- season tears occurred in rookies and 97% (35/36) of the in-season game tears affected non-rookies. Thirty-six percent (36/101) of all documented tears occurred in undrafted free agents. Of players with Achilles tear, 58.41% (59/101) returned to play in the NFL after injury. Despite an average age of 26.7 years, the tear distribution was bimodal with players, ages 24 and 36, exhibited the highest rates of tear. With regard to tears during games, 43.18% occurred on grass and 56.82% occurred on turf. These values mirror their field representation in games. The average game temperature was 67.04 degrees Fahrenheit with wide stratification (range: 1-91 degrees). When examining rate of tears for players during away versus home games, there was not a significant difference of note; of the 45 in-game tears, 21 (46.67%) occurred in home games and 24 (53.33%) during away games. Conclusion: In our focused analysis of the Achilles in NFL athletes, we show no significant difference in tear rates when comparing grass and artificial turf surfaces and in comparing Thursday and Sunday games. When reviewing experience level, a large percent of the tears occurred in rookie players, especially during the pre-season, despite these players making up less than a quarter of the athletes. We also show that tears were not restricted to certain weather conditions. When analyzing career length post tear, most players that returned to play continued to perform at a high level. This challenges the perception of AT tear as a career-ending injury.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENT, ENERGY AND FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT ON EXPORTS OF SELECTIVE SAARC COUNTRIES

2020 ◽  
pp. 106-113
Author(s):  
Wajiha Manzoor ◽  
Nabeel Safdar
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Domestic Credit ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment Inflows

This study focused on the relationship of environment, energy used and foreign direct investment inflows on exports of selective SAARC countries including Pakistan , Bangladesh , India , Sri Lanka and Nepal from 1980-2018. The results revealed that environment has significant positive impact on exports. Energy has also positive impact on exports except Pakistan and Nepal where results showed negative relationship. The FDI inflow in India and Sri Lanka has not significant impact on exports while other three countries has significant impact on exports of those countries. Overall environment, energy used and foreign direct investment inflows have positive impact on export while controlling the impact of inflation, GDP growth, reserves and domestic credit to private sector in SAARC countries.

scholarly journals The impact of academic libraries on students' academic achievement: The relationship between learning styles and information seeking anxiety

2018 ◽  
pp. 76-93
Author(s):  
Somayeh Parvin ◽  
Nasrin Kheibar ◽  
Hamideh Mihanpour ◽  
Alireza Rafi
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Learning Styles ◽  
Learning Style ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Information seeking anxiety is a type of anxiety that affects academic performance. The present study was aimed at investigating the relationship between learning styles and information seeking anxiety in relation to the academic achievement of students. This was a descriptive-analytic research, and the study population consisted of students who had passed at least one semester in Behbahan University, Iran. The sample size was calculated 181 from the Morgan table. The results of this study showed that most of the students used the ‘assimilating' learning style. It was concluded that there was no significant difference between anxiety levels and the field of study. Also, there was no relationship between learning styles and age and gender. Moreover, there was no relationship of gender, academic semester, and age with academic achievement. Even though, there was no relationship between information seeking anxiety and learning styles vis a vis academic achievement, the assimilating learning style was preferred by the majority of the students. The comparison of learning styles with information seeking anxiety was a distinctive feature of this study, indicating that different aspects of learning did not have much effect on the anxiety levels of individuals, which could be the basis for further research on personality dimensions such as self-concept and intrinsic motivation in relation to information seeking anxiety and academic achievement.

scholarly journals Multi-model comparison of urban heat island modelling approaches

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Karlický ◽  
Peter Huszár ◽  
Tomáš Halenka ◽  
Michal Belda ◽  
Michal Žák ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Urban Heat Island ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Model Comparison ◽  
Urban Climate ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Cities are characterized by different physical properties of surface compared to their rural counterparts, resulting in specific regime of the meteorological phenomenon. Our study aims to evaluate the impact of typical urban surfaces on the central-European urban climate in several model simulations, performed with the WRF and RegCM models. The specific processes occurring in the typical urban environment are described in the models by various types of urban parametrizations, greatly differing in complexity. Our results show that all models and urban parametrizations are able to reproduce the most typical urban effect, the summer evening and nocturnal Urban Heat Island, with the average magnitude of 2–3 °C. The impact of cities on the wind is clearly dependent on the urban parametrization employed, with more simple ones unable to fully capture the wind speed reduction induced by the city. In the summer, a significant difference in the boundary layer height (about 25 %) between models is detected. The urban induced changes of temperature and wind speed are propagated into higher altitudes up to 2 km, with a decreasing tendency of their magnitudes. With the exception of the summer daytime, the urban environment improves the weather conditions a little with regard to the pollutant dispersion, which could lead to the partly decreased concentration of the primary pollutants.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF THE QUANTITY OF TECHNOLOGICAL OPERATIONS FOR THE PROCESSING OF LYCERNY IN THE CUTTING ON ITS CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Yuri Zhurenko
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Nutrient ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
The Impact

The chemical composition and nutritional value of alfalfa hay are influenced by: climatic conditions, soils, phase of development in the period of mowing mass, variety, technology of cultivation and harvesting, etc. Hay harvesting is associated with high nutrient losses due to leaf loss and inflorescence or significant energy consumption for artificial drying. Mechanical losses often exceed 40% or more, with more than half of them occurring in the field operations: mowing, flattening, stirring, raking and weight gain. The question of the impact of the multiplicity of technological operations on the processing of the roll by elastic working bodies when harvesting hay from alfalfa on the chemical composition has not been sufficiently studied, which was the purpose of the research.Field technological experiments were carried out on pure crops of alfalfa of the blue Vinnychanka variety in different weather conditions. The results obtained by us in the field technological experiments show that the multiplicity of cultivation of the roll in the process of harvesting alfalfa for hay and weather conditions to some extent affect its quality and nutrient content in it. Thus, the protein content in the initial mass (first experiment) was 15.61, in the hay prepared without the use of roll processing - 13.43, using a single treatment - 14.81, twice - 13.69 and three times 13.65% in dry matter.According to the results of the research, it was found that the hay harvested using single roll processing had the highest carotene content in natural mass - 32.4 mg / kg in the first and 30.4 mg / kg in the second experiments.No significant difference in the variants of experiments was observed in the content of ash and minerals, calcium and phosphorus. By all indicators of nutrient content, the technology of hay harvesting with the use of one-time processing of the roll per day was the best.

scholarly journals PRACTICAL VALIDATION MEASUREMENTS OF A PHYSIOLOGICAL STATUS MONITORING SENSOR IN REAL CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ammar S.M. Moohialdin ◽  
Bambang T. Suhariadi ◽  
Mohsin K. Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Physiological Monitoring ◽  
Status Monitoring ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Parametric Statistical Test ◽  
The Impact

The construction industry is one of the most hazardous industry and construction worker's health and safety in hot and humid weather conditions become a topic of a great interest for researchers and practitioners. Various physiological monitoring sensors have been employed to measure the physiological impacts of such weather conditions. However, the ability of these sensors to deal with the dynamic nature of the construction industry still under controversial arguments and there is a need to justify their applicability in real working conditions. This paper aims to investigate the accuracy of an off-the-shelf physiological monitoring sensor (Zephyr BioHarnessTM 3) in a real working environment when considering the impact of hot and humid weather conditions. Fifteen different construction workers participated in three site measurements, with monitoring two physiological parameters heart rate (HR) and breathing rate (BR). A non-parametric statistical test (Mann-Whitney) was applied to identify whether there is a significant difference between the medians of live data in the remote monitoring station and saved data of the sensor internal memories. The results showed that there are significant differences between live data and saved data. These differences were highly noticed in the third site measurements, as it included working in confined areas and trenches. The accuracy of live data is highly affected by types of activities and appropriate positions of the wireless connection devices (ECHO gate and repeater).

scholarly journals Relationship of Body Mass Index with Diet, Physical Activities, and Lifestyles of Dental Students

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 899-904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamran Habib Awan ◽  
Syed R Habib ◽  
Sakhar Alghofaily ◽  
Hussam Alshamrani ◽  
Abdullah Alhammad
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Introduction The objective of the study was to investigate the prevalence of overweight issues and obesity by recording the body mass index (BMI) and explore the dietary habits, physical activities (PAs), and lifestyles of male students at the College of Dentistry, King Saud University. Materials and methods A custom-designed self-administrative form and questionnaire were used in this study for data collection. The first part of the form was used to record the participants’ height and weight for the BMI. The participants were grouped as underweight (BMI < 18.5), normal weight (BMI = 18.5–24.9), overweight (BMI = 25–29.9), and obese (BMI > 30.0). The second part comprised questions related to the dietary habits, PAs, and lifestyles of the male dental students. Chi-squared test was used to generate the significance of each question at significance <0.05. Results A total of 211 male students (mean age 22.31 ± 2.10 years) participated in the study (response rate 78.1%). The findings revealed that 29 and 28% of the dental students were overweight and obese respectively. A statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between the groups was found for the questions asked about time spent exercising per day (p = 0.003), time spent sporting per week (p = 0.003), and time spent watching television and internet surfing per day (p = 0.012). Conclusion The prevalence of overweight issues and obesity is high among the dental students compared with the general population of Saudi Arabia, and there is a need for intervention programs to combat obesity among the dental students. The awareness about PA, healthy diet/lifestyle, consequences of overweight and obesity on their health and profession must be increased among the dental students to avoid future complications. Clinical significance The impact of obesity on individuals’ oral health and its influence on dental treatment protocols and postoperative procedures has been well documented. Dental students are more prone to obesity due to their lifestyle with less PA and disordered eating habits and, thereby, are prone to obesity-related health hazards. How to cite this article Habib SR, Alghofaily S, Alshamrani H, Alhammad A, Awan KH. Relationship of Body Mass Index with Diet, Physical Activities, and Lifestyles of Dental Students. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(10):899-904.

scholarly journals Root volatiles in plant-plant interactions II: Root terpenes from Centaurea stoebe modify Taraxacum officinale root chemistry and root herbivore growth

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Huang ◽  
Valentin Gfeller ◽  
Matthias Erb
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Taraxacum Officinale ◽  
Plant Interactions ◽  
White Grub ◽  
Centaurea Stoebe ◽  
Primary And Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Herbivore Interactions ◽  
Root Herbivore ◽  
Plant Herbivore ◽  
The Impact

AbstractVolatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by plant roots can influence the germination and growth of neighboring plants. However, little is known about the effects of root VOCs on plant-herbivore interactions. The spotted knapeed (Centaurea stoebe) constitutively releases high amounts of sesquiterpenes into the rhizosphere. Here, we examine the impact of C. stoebe root VOCs on primary and secondary metabolites of sympatric Taraxacum officinale plants and the resulting plant-mediated effects on a generalist root herbivore, the white grub Melolontha melolontha. We show that exposure of T. officinale to C. stoebe root VOCs does not affect the accumulation of defensive secondary metabolites, but modulates carbohydrate and total protein levels in T. officinale roots. Furthermore, VOC exposure increases M. melolontha growth on T. officinale plants. Exposure of T. officinale to a major C. stoebe root VOC, the sesquiterpene (E)-β-caryophyllene, partially mimics the effect of the full root VOC blend on M. melolontha growth. Thus, releasing root VOCs can modify plant-herbivore interactions of neighboring plants. The release of VOCs to increase the susceptibility of other plants may be a form of plant offense.

scholarly journals Dicamba drift alters plant-herbivore interactions at the agro-ecological interface

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nia M Johnson ◽  
Regina S Baucom
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Species Interactions ◽  
Ecosystem Dynamics ◽  
Herbivore Interactions ◽  
Ecological Interface ◽  
Plant Herbivore ◽  
Herbicide Drift ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Herbicide Exposure

Natural populations evolve in response to biotic and abiotic changes in their environment, which shape species interactions and ecosystem dynamics. Agricultural systems can introduce novel conditions via herbicide exposure to non-crop habitats in surrounding fields. While herbicide drift is known to produce a variety of toxic effects in plants, little is known about its impact on non-target wildlife species interactions. In a two-year study, we investigated the impact of herbicide drift on plant-herbivore interactions with common weed velvetleaf (Abutlion theophrasti) as the focal species. The findings reveal a significant increase in the phloem feeding silverleaf whitefly (Bermisia tabaci) abundance on the plants exposed to herbicide at drift rates of 0.5% and 1% of the field dose. Additionally, we found evidence that drift imposes correlated selection on whitefly resistance and growth rate as well as positive linear selection on herbicide resistance. We also identified a significant phenotypic tradeoff between whitefly resistance and herbicide resistance in addition to whitefly resistance and relative growth rate in the presence of dicamba drift. These findings suggest herbicide exposure to non-target communities can significantly alter herbivore populations, potentially impacting biodiversity and community dynamics of weed populations found at the agro-ecological interface.

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