Comparative analysis of Advanced and Immediate Life Support acquisition degree.

La Parada Cardiorrespiratoria (PCR) es un problema de salud pública en los países desarrollados. De acuerdo con La Sociedad Española de Resucitación, en España hay alrededor de treinta mil muertes al año y unos veinte mil intentos de resucitación, y aun así hasta hace muy poco los alumnos de Medicina no recibían formación reglada en Soporte Vital Avanzado (SVA). Con la introducción en 2018 de una nueva asignatura afrontamos este problema, y sin embargo nos encontramos con que no está establecido qué tipo de Soporte Vital es el adecuado para nuestros estudiantes. Por ello, el objetivo de este estudio es analizar de manera comparativa el nivel de adquisición de competencias en SVA y SVI y su evolución temporal en estudiantes de quinto y sexto de Medicina de la Universidad de Granada (UGR). Para alcanzar este objetivo, obtuvimos datos en una primera evaluación de los alumnos de medicina que participaron en la asignatura optativa de SVA en la Universidad de Granada durante los meses de Octubre y Noviembre (2019). Meses después, se llevó a cabo una nueva re evaluación durante los meses de Febrero y Marzo de 2020 a la misma muestra de estudiantes, gracias a la cual obtuvimos los datos para la comparación. Dichos datos mostraron que el nivel de adquisición de competencias en SVI supera al de las competencias que componen el SVA y, además, el efecto de la Curva del Olvido para las competencias incluidas en el SVI es menor. De esta manera, se puede concluir que las competencias que componen el SVI presentan un mayor nivel de adquisición, y un menor efecto de la Curva del Olvido y por tanto deberían ser las que pasaran a formar parte de la formación para los estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad de Granada. Cardiac arrest (CA) is a major public health problem in developed countries. According to the Spanish Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Council, in Spain there are around thirty thousand deaths a year and about twenty thousand resuscitation attempts, and yet until very recently medical students did not receive formal training in Advanced Life Support (ALS). With the introduction in 2018 of a new subject, we faced the problem of not having established what type of Life Support was appropriate for our students. As a result, the aim of this study is to analyze in a comparative way the degree of acquisition of competences in ALS and Immediate Life Support (ILS) and their temporal evolution by the students of fifth and sixth year (Medicine Degree) of the University of Granada (UGR). To achieve that aim, we obtained the data in an initial evaluation to the medical students who enrolled in the optional subject of Advanced Life Support in the Faculty of Medicine (UGR), during the months of October and November (2019). This evaluation was carried out by external evaluators and was based on the ERC 2015 guidelines. Months later, a reassessment that was carried out during the months of February and March 2020 to the same sample of students gave us the data for the comparison. Data showed that the degree of acquisition of competencies related to the ILS exceeds the level of acquisition of the competences included within the ALS, and that the effect of the Oblivion Curve for the competences included in the ILS is lower than those included in the ALS. We could conclude that the competences that are integrated within the ILS present a higher level of acquisition and a lesser effect on the forgetting curve, so they should become part of the curricular content of the UGR Medical Degree.

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Anxiety, Depression and Suicidal Behavior Among Medical Students from the University of Valladolid

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.02.156 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. S290-S290 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. Alvarez Astorga ◽

M.H. De la Red Gallego ◽

A. Alonso Sánchez ◽

S. De la Fuente Ballesteros ◽

T. Delgado Santillana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Medical Students ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Health Problems ◽

Mental Illnesses ◽

Years Of Life Lost ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Time Data ◽

The University

IntroductionSuicide is a major public health problem, especially in young people. It is one of the most significant causes of mortality and potential years of life lost. Medical students are a vulnerable group presenting mental health problems.ObjectivesTo study the prevalence of common mental illnesses among medical students from the university of Valladolid in order to assess the need for intervention programs.MethodsCross-sectional study in which, 584 students participated during the academic year 2015–2016 by completing an online self-administered questionnaire. Mental health outcomes were measured by different batteries of depression, anxiety and suicide (BDI, GAD-7 and MINI). Information about possible related risk factors was also obtained. Statistical Chi2 and Student t-tests were applied to estimate associations between socio-demographic, socioeconomic data and clinical results.ResultsWe found a prevalence of 15.8% for depression, 11.6% for ideation suicide and 38.5% for anxiety, with gender differences in the latter case. Prevalence rates were higher than those described in general population. Compared to other international studies, prevalence estimates were also higher among our sample.ConclusionsThis study shows for the first time data of these three psychiatric disorders among medical students in Spain. It suggests the urge to implementing preventive activities to alleviate maladaptive behaviors, academic stress, improve the quality of life and adaptation of students to college life. Larger, prospective, multicentre studies are needed to draw conclusions about the causes and consequences of students’ stress, since evidence shows that mental health problems are perpetuated throughout professional performance.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Abstract 368: A Cardiac Arrest Simulation-Based Feasibility Cadaver Study Investigating Time for Semi Surgical Cut Down Procedure Followed by Insertion of a Novel REBOA Catheter

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.140.suppl_2.368 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 140 (Suppl_2) ◽

Author(s):

Helene Duhem ◽

Lionel Lamhaut ◽

Alice Hutin ◽

Alexandre Bellier ◽

Stephane Tanguy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Arrest ◽

Median Time ◽

Life Support ◽

Advanced Life Support ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Balloon Occlusion ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Introducer Sheath ◽

Human Cadavers ◽

Time Required

Aim: Non-traumatic cardiac arrest is a major public health problem that carries an extremely high mortality rate. The Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) procedure is currently being discussed as a possible technique to be used during Advanced Life Support (ALS) in humans with Cardiac arrest (CA). The aim of this study was to assess the training of emergency physicians in the procedures related to insertion of a novel REBOA catheter. Methods: We developed a training program using a simulated CA model on human cadavers. CPR was performed using the LUCAS device (Stryker/Jolife AB, Lund, Sweden). All cadavers were hemodynamically monitored. The Neurescue REBOA catheter (Neurescue REBOA device, Neurescue ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark) was inserted using a semi-surgical cut-down and sheath placement technique. Time needed to perform the procedures was measured. The procedures were instructed by 2 experts using video, procedural simulation on manikin and full-scale training on cadavers. Results: Six human cadavers were enrolled and a total of 12 procedures were performed by 2 expert investigators and 10 novice investigators. Eight semi-surgical cut-down producers including placements of the introducer sheath were performed on the first attempt and 4 required a second attempt. The median time required for the semi-surgical cutdown procedure and sheath placement by the novice investigators was: 6 min 48 sec (Min: 3 min 45 sec and Max: 26 min 25 sec). The median time required for the insertion and occlusion of the REBOA catheter by the novice investigators was: 3 min 22 sec (Min: 1 min 22 sec and Max: 7 min 5 sec). The median time required for full insertion for the novice investigators was: 11 min 14 sec (Min: 6 min 49 sec and Max: 28 min 15 sec). The mean aortic pressure during compression was: 31.9 mmHg (±17.0). Conclusions: Semi surgical cut-down and introducer sheath placement were performed in 1 or two 2 attempts for all novice investigators with an insertion time compatible with ALS during refractory CA. Simulation training on cadavers brings clinical realism and could be an important addition to the use of manikin or animal training models.

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SQoF-WEAR Project. The Use of Wearable Devices to Identify the Impact of Stress on Workers’ Quality of Life

Engineering Proceedings ◽

10.3390/engproc2021007025 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 25

Author(s):

Patricia Concheiro-Moscoso ◽

Betania Groba ◽

Sílvia Monteiro-Fonseca ◽

Nereida Canosa ◽

Cristina Queirós

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Wearable Devices ◽

Assessment Tools ◽

Self Report ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

The University ◽

And Control ◽

The Impact

(1) Background: Stress is a major public health problem due to its relevant health, social and economic repercussions. Moreover, stress can be associated with work; when stress increases over time, burnout can occur, an occupational phenomenon recognized by the WHO in 2019. There is interest in the use of wearable devices to monitor and control stressors and their influence on the condition of workers. This study aims to identify the level of job stress and its influence on the quality of life of workers. (2) Methods:This longitudinal study was carried out between the end of May and mid-July 2021. Three assessment tools along with a daily and a weekly questionnaire were computerized through the RedCap platform. The participants had to fill out the diary and weekly questionnaires and wear a Xiaomi Mi Band 5 during the project. (3) Results and discussion: Thirty-six workers from the University of Coruña and from the University of Porto participated in the project. This study promotes the awareness of workers regarding their work stress and the influence of this factor on their quality of life using physiological (e.g., activity, sleep, and heart rate) and psychological indicators (self-report questionnaires in different moments).

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Smoking in Latin America: a major public health problem

Cadernos de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s0102-311x1998000700010 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 14 (suppl 3) ◽

pp. S109-S115 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Vera Luiza da Costa e Silva ◽

Sergio Koifman

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Latin America ◽

Latin American ◽

Health Problem ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Lung Cancer Mortality ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Tobacco Epidemic ◽

Latin American Countries

Smoking has become a major public health problem in Latin America, and its scope varies from country to country. Despite difficulties in obtaining methodologically consistent data for the region, we analyzed the results from prevalence surveys in 14 Latin American countries. Smoking prevalence among men varied from 24.1% (Paraguay) to 66.3% (Dominican Republic) and among women from 5.5% (Paraguay) to 26,6% (Uruguay). By applying point prevalence data to the stage model of the tobacco epidemic in developed countries, we concluded that the Latin American countries are in stage 2, i.e., with a clearly rising prevalence among men, a prevalence for women that is beginning to increase, and mortality attributable to smoking among men still not reflecting peak prevalence. None of the countries analyzed appeared to have reached stage 3, in which one observes a downward trend in prevalence of smoking among men and peak prevalence among women, with broad impact on tobacco-related mortality. The only exception appears to be Paraguay, which is still emerging from stage 1, i.e., with low prevalence rates among men, too. Nevertheless, high lung cancer mortality rates in Uruguay and Argentina are comparable to those of the developed countries.

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In Memoriam, Rudolf Frey

Prehospital and Disaster Medicine ◽

10.1017/s1049023x00043545 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 1 (S1) ◽

pp. viii-xi

Author(s):

Peter Safar ◽

Nancy Kirimli

Keyword(s):

Emergency Medicine ◽

Life Support ◽

Training Programs ◽

Advanced Life Support ◽

Disaster Medicine ◽

Monograph Series ◽

In Memoriam ◽

University Department ◽

The University

Rudolf Frey, known as “Rolf“ in Europe and “Rudi” in America — a leading star of anesthesiology, emergency medicine and disaster medicine — has ended his life's struggles. He influenced many lives positively. His years were rich with experiences and contributions.Surgery and anesthesiology were his base specialties. Alone, these fields would have been too narrow for him. He initiated the first professorship of anesthesiology in Germany at the University of Heidelberg in the 1950's; the first autonomous university department of anesthesiology in Germany at the Gutenberg University of Mainz in 1960; the journalDer Anaesthesist, the first textbook of anesthesiology in German; one of the first physician-staffed advanced life support ambulance and ambulance helicopter services in Europe; numerous training programs, symposia and congresses; and theClub of Mainzand its associated monograph seriesDisaster Medicine, originally published by Springer-Verlag.

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Clinico-Epidemiological Profile of Viral Sexually Transmitted Infections in Seropositive Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India

Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care (JIAPAC) ◽

10.1177/2325957416686196 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 331-337 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shikha Chugh ◽

Vijay Kumar Garg ◽

Rashmi Sarkar ◽

Kabir Sardana

Keyword(s):

Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Developed Countries ◽

North India ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Hiv Seropositive

Sexually transmitted diseases are a major public health problem both in developing and in developed countries, and especially with the co-synergy with HIV infection, there is an increasing need to have a proper understanding of the clinicodemographic patterns of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) for planning and implementing control strategies. Worldwide, there is an increased preponderance of viral STIs. Increasing incidence and altered clinical presentation of viral STIs in patients with HIV pose a diagnostic challenge; thereby, we studied the demographic profile of HIV-seropositive patients and compared clinical manifestations of viral STIs in HIV-seropositive patients to those in seronegative individuals. Twenty-seven HIV-seropositive patients with viral STI (herpes/molluscum/warts) and same number of age-, sex-, and STI-matched seronegative patients were studied for variability in clinical profile. There were significant differences in the demographic factors (education, income, and migration) and sexual practices (number of contacts and source of infection) in the 2 groups. Lesional symptoms, increased extent of lesions, and resistance to treatment were significantly more common in HIV-seropositive patients.

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Diuretic treatment in chronic heart failure

Romanian Journal of Medical Practice ◽

10.37897/rjmp.2016.2.10 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 155-159

Author(s):

Camelia C. DIACONU ◽

◽

Alice BĂLĂCEANU ◽

Mihaela Adela IANCU ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Diuretic Therapy ◽

Medical Science ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Developed Countries ◽

The Body ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Important Place ◽

Central Pillar

Heart failure is a major public health problem in developed countries. Many of the clinical manifestations of heart failure are due to congestion and fluid retention, therefore diuretic therapy occupied for a long time an important place in the management of these patients. All diuretics increase the excretion of water from the body, each of the classes of diuretics achieving this effect in a distinct manner. Given the magnitude of their effect, loop diuretics are the central pillar of diuretic therapy in many patients with heart failure. Resistance to diuretic therapy is one of the management issues for medical science, which is looking for solutions.

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Prevalence and outcome of anaemia among pregnant women attending tertiary care hospital in Visakhapatnam

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20175782 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 203

Author(s):

Radha Kumari Paladugu ◽

Srinivas Jagath Pentakota ◽

Sushma N.

Keyword(s):

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Developing Countries ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Study Population

Background: Anaemia in pregnancy is now considered as a major public health problem, caused by iron deficiency. WHO has estimated that prevalence of anaemia in developed and developing countries in pregnant women is 14% in developed countries and 51 percent in developing countries and 65-75% in India. Various programmes regarding anaemia prophylaxis and maternal health have been implemented but still the prevalence of anaemia related complications among pregnant women continues to be high. Hence the present study was conducted to study the prevalence and pregnancy outcome as a result of anaemia in a tertiary care center in Visakhapatnam. Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study was carried out from June 2016 to August 2016 in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology among postnatal women in King George hospital, Visakhapatnam. A semi-structured questionnaire was prepared and information regarding age, socioeconomic status, parity, gestational age interval between pregnancies and outcome and complication of pregnancy were collected. Results: Mean age of study population is 22.4 years. Out of 100 women involved in the study 65 are from urban areas 29 from rural areas and 6 from tribal areas. Majority of the study population 66% were having HB% between 8-11% i.e. mild anaemia. When Outcome of pregnancy was seen in relation to anaemia majority of the women had live births (90%) followed by 7% IUDs and 2% still births. Conclusions: Majority of the women are in the age group of 20-24 years. Socioeconomic status is directly related to anaemic status of the women. Majority of the women had complication of puerperal sepsis.

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WARAM-I MEDA (GASTRITIS) AND ITS MANAGEMENT FROM UNANI PERSPECTIVE

Indian Journal of Unani Medicine ◽

10.53390/ijum.v14.i2.9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Azma Waseem ◽

Waseem Ahmad ◽

Anwar Jamal ◽

Mohammad Fazil ◽

Asim Ali Khan

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Bile Reflux ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Developed Countries ◽

The Body ◽

Gastric Ulcers ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Two Factors ◽

Inflammatory Drugs ◽

Continuous Use

In the present scenario, gastritis still remains a major public health problem that affects the population of both the developed as well as developing countries. More than 50% of the population in developing countries suffers from gastritis, whereas 34.7 % of the population in developed countries had health problems due to gastritis. Main causes of gastritis are infections, stress, continuous use of non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, alcohol and bile reflux. Gastritis if remains untreated or undiagnosed causes Quruh-i Meda (gastric ulcers). Prolonged and progressive inflammation results in destruction of gastric mucosa (Atrophic gastritis) and reduction in gastric acid secretions. These two factors are considered as the main risk factors in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer. Unani physicians have given much importance to this disease. In Unani system of medicine, there is elaborated description of gastritis under the heading of Waram-i Meda with causes, symptoms and its effective management. The fundamental principles of Unani treatment of gastritis is to restore the normalcy of the patient, correction of temperament (Mizaj ), humoral balance in the organ and the body, and toning up of the stomach. All these principles are achieved mostly by three modes of treatment i.e. Iaj bil Tadbeer (Regimenal therapy), Ilaj bil Ghiza (Dietotherapy) and Ilaj bil Dawa (Pharmacotherapy). In this review article, Waram-i Meda (gastritis) is elaborated with its type, causes and treatment in Unani perspective with the objective to reduce the burden of gastritis and prevention of complications associated with gastritis.

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Differences in Basic Life Support Knowledge Between Junior Medical Students and Lay People: Web-Based Questionnaire Study (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.25125 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ludovic Sturny ◽

Simon Regard ◽

Robert Larribau ◽

Marc Niquille ◽

Georges Louis Savoldelli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Basic Life Support ◽

Life Support ◽

Red Cross ◽

Emergency Medical Dispatch ◽

Web Based ◽

Lay People ◽

The Mean ◽

The University ◽

Hospital Cardiac Arrest

BACKGROUND Early cardiopulmonary resuscitation and prompt defibrillation markedly increase the survival rate in case of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). As future healthcare professionals, medical students should be trained to efficiently manage an unexpectedly encountered OHCA. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to assess basic life support (BLS) knowledge in junior medical students at the University of Geneva Faculty of Medicine (UGFM) and to compare it with that of the general population. METHODS Junior UGFM students and lay people who had registered to BLS classes given by a red-cross affiliated center were sent invitation links to complete a web-based questionnaire. The primary outcome was the between-group difference on a 10-question score. Secondary outcomes were the differences in the rate of correct answers for each individual question and in the level of self-assessed confidence in the ability to perform resuscitation. RESULTS The mean score was higher in medical students than in lay people (5.8±1.7 vs 4.2±1.7, P<.001). Although the phone number of the emergency medical dispatch center was well known (94% vs 82%, P=.06), most participants were unable to identify the criteria used to recognize OHCA, and almost none were able to correctly reorganize the BLS sequence. Medical students felt more confident than lay people in their ability to perform resuscitation (4.7±2.2 vs 3.1±2.1, P<.001). CONCLUSIONS Although junior medical students were more knowledgeable than lay people regarding BLS procedures, the proportion of correct answers was low in both groups, and changes in BLS education policy should be considered.

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