scholarly journals A Corpus-based Study of Spanish Translations of the Verb ‘report’ in Biomedical Research Articles

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian A. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Clinical Study ◽  
Contextual Analysis ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Institutional Setting ◽  
Sentence Structure ◽  
Research Setting ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Contextual Study ◽  
English Verb

Abstract This paper describes an empirical contextual study of the Spanish verbs that translate ‘report’ carried out on an extensive corpus of medical research articles. A quantitative analysis revealed significant differences between the lexical choices made by the translators and those made by native Spanish authors. The contextual analysis showed that reporting occurs in three basic settings, namely, the institutional setting, the community and patient setting, and the research setting. In the latter, research referred to the current study (i.e., the new clinical study presented in the article), to previous research by the same authors, or to other authors’ published work. Within these contexts, consideration of linguistic factors such as collocation, sentence structure and specific features of the communicative situation allows the translator to make the appropriate lexical choices for the wide range of uses of the polysemous English verb ‘report.’

A corpus-based study of the verb observar in English-Spanish translations of biomedical research articles

Target ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian A. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Spanish Language ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Translation Equivalent ◽  
Lexical Items ◽  
Contextual Study

This paper describes an empirical contextual study of the English verbs and syntactic resources translated by observar in an extensive corpus of biomedical research articles. Quantitative analysis showed that the frequency of observar was significantly higher in the Spanish translations than in the comparable Spanish language original articles (360 vs. 162 instances; P < 0·001). Qualitative analysis of the Spanish native texts provided a linguistic profile for the verb. This profile was then used in a contextual study to assess the appropriateness of the 360 instances found in the translated texts. The results indicate that observar is only a natural translation equivalent for ‘observe’. For other verbs, an awareness both of the rhetorical, syntactic and collocational restrictions and of the range of alternative choices will allow translators to select appropriate lexical items and avoid excessive repetition of observar, thus creating a more varied target text.

How to manage patients in English–Spanish translation

Target ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian A. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Medical Research ◽  
Contextual Analysis ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Spanish Translation ◽  
Translation Strategies ◽  
Language Text

This paper describes the application of a target-oriented contrastive analysis model to an extensive corpus of medical research articles. The analysis focuses on the Methods section and a subset of lexical items representing persons viewed as the object of clinical study. Quantitative contrastive analysis revealed statistically significant differences between the translations from English and the independently created Spanish texts in all the thematic, syntactic and lexical variables analysed. Qualitative contextual analysis showed that four basic criteria for thematic position and a series of associated translation strategies are capable of correcting the excesses and deficits observed, thus producing a more natural and acceptable target language text.

Precision and bias in quantitative EDS: ASTM results

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1654-1655
Author(s):  
John J. Friel
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Mechanical Alloy ◽  
Dead Time ◽  
Test Program ◽  
Round Robin Test ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
American Society ◽  
Takeoff Angle ◽  
Standardless Analysis

Committee E-04 on Metallography of the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) conducted an interlaboratory round robin test program on quantitative energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The test program was designed to produce data on which to base a precision and bias statement for quantitative analysis by EDS. Nine laboratories were sent specimens of two well characterized materials, a type 308 stainless steel, and a complex mechanical alloy from Inco Alloys International, Inconel® MA 6000. The stainless steel was chosen as an example of a straightforward analysis with no special problems. The mechanical alloy was selected because elements were present in a wide range of concentrations; K, L, and M lines were involved; and Ta was severely overlapped with W. The test aimed to establish limits of precision that could be routinely achieved by capable laboratories operating under real world conditions. The participants were first allowed to use their own best procedures, but later were instructed to repeat the analysis using specified conditions: 20 kV accelerating voltage, 200s live time, ∼25% dead time and ∼40° takeoff angle. They were also asked to run a standardless analysis.

SYNTACTIC TYPOLOGY OF MULTICOMPONENT VERBAL PHRASEO-COMBINATIONS OF THE GERMAN LANGUAGE

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-37
Author(s):  
Е.О. Ковыршина
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
German Language ◽  
Sentence Structure ◽  
Syntactic Structures ◽  
Continuous Sampling ◽  
Bilingual Dictionaries ◽  
Syntactic Position ◽  
Word Forms ◽  
Concrete Language

Постановка задачи. В статье на материале собранного корпуса фразеологических единиц (в количестве 1828 ФЕ), полученного методом сплошной выборки из немецкоязычных и двуязычных словарей, выделяются и анализируются с синтаксической позиции многокомпонентные фразеоединицы со структурой словосочетания с главным словом - глаголом. Способом буквального перевода определяются синтаксические типы, которые активно используются для создания многокомпонентных глагольных фразеосочетаний (МКГФС), выявляется специфика синтаксических типов немецких ФС и создается синтаксическая типология МКГФС немецкого языка. Результаты. На основе изученного материала было выделено восемь синтаксических типов МКГФС. В ходе исследования с помощью метода квантитативного анализа были установлены наиболее частотные типы структурно-синтаксических схем, активно образующие многокомпонентные глагольные фразеосочетания. Выделение синтаксических типов немецких МКГФС и их анализ позволили установить специфику синтаксической организации МКГФС немецкого языка. Выводы. На основе проведенного исследования была создана синтаксическая типология МКГФС немецкого языка, одного из наиболее многочисленных классов многокомпонентных фразеоединиц с разнообразной синтаксической организацией. Установлено, что в немецком языке существуют специальные синтаксические структуры из трех и более словоформ, которые используются для создания многокомпонентных фразеосочетаний. Анализ МКГФС позволил выявить специфику немецких типов с двумя глагольными компонентами и выделить самый продуктивный, частотный (566 ФС) тип МКГФС со структурой сложного словосочетания. Проведенное исследование и дальнейшее изучение синтаксических типов других многокомпонентых ФЕ - неглагольных типов, ФЕ со структурой предложения позволят расширить и углубить знания о многокомпонентных фразеоединицах, занимающих весомое место в фразеологической системе немецкого языка. Изучение типов структурно-синтаксических схем МКГФС и других многокомпонентных ФЕ, являющихся конкретным языковым воплощением структурной модели ФС, открывает новые перспективы в области синтаксического моделирования немецкого языка. Statement of the problem. In the article on the material of the assembled corpus of phraseological units (in the amount of 1828 PU), obtained by the method of continuous sampling from German-language and bilingual dictionaries, multicomponent phraseological units with a phrase structure with the main word - a verb consisting of three or more components are selected and analyzed from the syntactic position. The method of literal translation determines the syntactic types that are actively used to create multicomponent verbal phraseological combinations (MCVPC), the specificity of syntactic is revealed. types of German PC and syntactic typology of the MCVPC of the German language is created. Results. Based on the material studied, eight syntactic types of MCVPC were distinguished. In the course of the study, using the method of quantitative analysis, the most frequency types of structural-syntactic schemes were established that actively form multicomponent verbal phrase combinations. Syntax type extraction of German MCVPC and their analysis made it possible to establish the specifics of the syntactic organization of the MCVPC of the German language. Conclusion. A syntactic typology of the MCVPC of the German language, one of the most numerous classes of multicomponent phraseological units with a diverse syntactic organization was created on the basis of the study. It is established that in the German language there are special syntactic structures of three or more word forms that are used to create multicomponent phrase combinations. The analysis of MCVPC revealed the specificity of German types with two verb components and highlighted the most productive, frequency (566PC) type of MCVPC with the structure of a complex phrase. The study of the syntactic types of other multicomponent phraseological units - non-verb types, phraseological units with a sentence structure will allow us to expand and deepen our knowledge of multicomponent phraseological units, which occupy a significant place in the phraseological system of the German language. Study of the structural-syntactic schemes types of the MCVPC and other multicomponent phraseological units, which are the concrete language embodiment of the structural model of the FS, opens up new prospects in the field of syntactic modeling of the German language.

Phytochemical evaluation of leaf extracts of Naringi crenulata (roxb.) Nicolson

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 5110
Author(s):  
Sartaj Ahmad Allayie ◽  
Mushtaq Ahmed Parray* ◽  
Bilal Ahmad Bhat ◽  
S. Hemalatha
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
The People ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Rf Values

The use of traditional medicines holds a great promise as an easily available source as effective medicinal agents to cure a wide range of ailments among the people particularly in tropical developing countries like India. The present study investigates the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the major bioactive constituents of N. crenulata leaf extracts. The extractive values of aqueous, acetone and chloroform extracts were found to be 11.34, 4.24 and 6.06 respectively. Qualitative phytochemical analysis of these three solvent extracts confirm the presence of Alkaloids, Saponins, Flavonoids and Phenolic compounds in all the three extracts; however, these phytochemicals were more significant in aqueous extract. Quantitative analysis was carried out using TLC method by different solvent system. Amongst various solvent systems, Butanol: acetic acid: water (9: 0.9: 0.1 v/v/v) shows maximum resolution and number of spots produced at long UV (365 nm) and under iodine vapours. The TLC chromatograms constituted different coloured phytochemical compounds with different Rf values. It can be conveniently used to evaluate the quality of different area samples. This indicates that the leaves can be useful for treating different diseases because the therapeutic activity of a plant is due to the presence of particular class of compounds and thus can serve as potential sources of useful drugs in future.

scholarly journals Robust Step Detection from Different Waist-Worn Sensor Positions: Implications for Clinical Studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-58
Author(s):  
Matthias  Tietsch ◽  
Amir Muaremi ◽  
Ieuan Clay ◽  
Felix Kluge ◽  
Holger Hoefling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Human Gait ◽  
Robust Solution ◽  
Step Detection ◽  
Study Protocols ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

Analyzing human gait with inertial sensors provides valuable insights into a wide range of health impairments, including many musculoskeletal and neurological diseases. A representative and reliable assessment of gait requires continuous monitoring over long periods and ideally takes place in the subjects’ habitual environment (real-world). An inconsistent sensor wearing position can affect gait characterization and influence clinical study results, thus clinical study protocols are typically highly proscriptive, instructing all participants to wear the sensor in a uniform manner. This restrictive approach improves data quality but reduces overall adherence. In this work, we analyze the impact of altering the sensor wearing position around the waist on sensor signal and step detection. We demonstrate that an asymmetrically worn sensor leads to additional odd-harmonic frequency components in the frequency spectrum. We propose a robust solution for step detection based on autocorrelation to overcome sensor position variation (sensitivity = 0.99, precision = 0.99). The proposed solution reduces the impact of inconsistent sensor positioning on gait characterization in clinical studies, thus providing more flexibility to protocol implementation and more freedom to participants to wear the sensor in the position most comfortable to them. This work is a first step towards truly position-agnostic gait assessment in clinical settings.

scholarly journals A FIJI macro for quantifying pattern in extracellular matrix

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. e202000880
Author(s):  
Esther Wershof ◽  
Danielle Park ◽  
David J Barry ◽  
Robert P Jenkins ◽  
Antonio Rullan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Comprehensive Description ◽  
End Points ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Automated Pipeline ◽  
Cytoskeletal Networks ◽  
Alignment Length ◽  
Imagej Plugin

Diverse extracellular matrix patterns are observed in both normal and pathological tissue. However, most current tools for quantitative analysis focus on a single aspect of matrix patterning. Thus, an automated pipeline that simultaneously quantifies a broad range of metrics and enables a comprehensive description of varied matrix patterns is needed. To this end, we have developed an ImageJ plugin called TWOMBLI, which stands for The Workflow Of Matrix BioLogy Informatics. This pipeline includes metrics of matrix alignment, length, branching, end points, gaps, fractal dimension, curvature, and the distribution of fibre thickness. TWOMBLI is designed to be quick, versatile and easy-to-use particularly for non-computational scientists. TWOMBLI can be downloaded from https://github.com/wershofe/TWOMBLI together with detailed documentation and tutorial video. Although developed with the extracellular matrix in mind, TWOMBLI is versatile and can be applied to vascular and cytoskeletal networks. Here we present an overview of the pipeline together with examples from a wide range of contexts where matrix patterns are generated.

scholarly journals A FIJI Macro for quantifying pattern in extracellular matrix

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Wershof ◽  
Danielle Park ◽  
David J Barry ◽  
Robert P Jenkins ◽  
Antonio Rullan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Comprehensive Description ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Automated Pipeline ◽  
Imagej Plugin

AbstractDiverse extracellular matrix patterns are observed in both normal and pathological tissue. However, most current tools for quantitative analysis focus on a single aspect of matrix patterning. Thus, an automated pipeline that simultaneously quantifies a broad range of metrics and enables a comprehensive description of varied matrix patterns is needed. To this end we have developed an ImageJ plugin called TWOMBLI, which stands for The Workflow Of Matrix BioLogy Informatics. TWOMBLI is designed to be quick, versatile and easy-to-use particularly for non-computational scientists. TWOMBLI can be downloaded from https://github.com/wershofe/TWOMBLI together with detailed documentation. Here we present an overview of the pipeline together with examples from a wide range of contexts where matrix patterns are generated.

scholarly journals A CLINICAL STUDY TO EVALUATE THE EFFICACY OF NASYA WITH SAR-SHAPATAILA IN VISHADA (DEPRESSION)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 4397-4401
Author(s):  
Ravi Prasad Hegde ◽  
Smitha K ◽  
Vinitha D’souza
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Mood Disorder ◽  
Treatment Modality ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mind And Body ◽  
Main Factor

Depression is a common but serious mood disorder which exerts wide range of physical, physiological and psychological impact. It may include feeling of anxiety, sadness, emptiness, helplessness, worthlessness, guilty, irritability or restlessness. According to WHO (2017, p.1), Depression affected over 322 million people worldwide as per 2015 statistics. In India it is estimated that around 57 million people are affected by depression. Vishada is the main factor which increases the range of all the diseases. It is a condition originated from apprehension of failure, resulting in incapability of mind and body to function normally with significant reduction in activities. When depression compared with Vishada, symptoms appears similar hence we can co-relate Vishada with depression. Samanya Unmada Chikitsa can be used in all kind of Manasikarogas based on the understanding of the Doshas predominant in that particular condition. In Chikitsa sangraha, Chakradatta mentions Sarshapa taila Nasya in Unmada chikitsa. Sarshapa Taila hav-ing Ushna and Teekshna qualities that can subside VataKapha Dosha. Vishada is one of the Vataja vikara and Nasya Karma is considered as prime line of treatment in Vataja Vikaras and could effective, economi-cal and affordable treatment modality. The drug is having Snigdha Guna which is easily administrable Hence the study was planned to check efficacy of Sarshapa Taila in Vishada.

scholarly journals Extragalactic Supergiants

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (S329) ◽  
pp. 297-304
Author(s):  
Miguel A. Urbaneja ◽  
Rolf P. Kudritzki
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Optical Spectra ◽  
Host Galaxies ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Distant Galaxies ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractBlue supergiant stars of B and A spectral types are amongst the visually brightest non-transient astronomical objects. Their intrinsic brightness makes it possible to obtain high quality optical spectra of these objects in distant galaxies, enabling the study not only of these stars in different environments, but also to use them as tools to probe their host galaxies. Quantitative analysis of their optical spectra provide tight constraints on their evolution in a wide range of metallicities, as well as on the present-day chemical composition, extinction laws and distances to their host galaxies. We review in this contribution recent results in this field.

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