scholarly journals AGRARIAN SOCIOLOGY: THE MAIN TRENDS

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Anatol'evna Zhuravleva ◽  
Elena Vasil'evna Zarubina
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Farm Labor ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Family Farming ◽  
Social Community ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Ecological Culture ◽  
Sociological Studies

The article highlights and briefly analyzes the main directions of agrarian sociology in Russia, and shows that agricultural sociology is only evolving today. Theoretical research methods were used: a systematic approach, a comparative historical method, as well as quantitative and qualitative methods of applied sociological research: questionnaires, analysis of documents and work in a focus group. The research allows identifying the main directions of modern agrarian sociology in Russia. These include: 1. Sociological research of ecological culture and consumer culture. 2. The sociology of nutrition. 3. Sociological studies of farming as a special social group. Based on the results of the study, the authors identify the trend directions of modern agricultural sociology in Russia which are currently being formed and waiting for research by the joint efforts of sociologists, economists, lawyers, philosophers and representatives of agricultural sciences. Solving these problems will help attract young people to work in farms, including the organization of their own family farm. The first group of problems is the loss of traditions of family farming as a way of life and the related underestimation of farm labor and farming as a social community. The second group of problems is related to the insufficient use of innovative technologies, including digital ones, in family farming and everyday life, as well as the insufficiently developed social infrastructure in rural areas.

scholarly journals PEASANT STUDIES AS A KEY DIRECTION OF AGRARIAN SOCIOLOGY

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Anatol'evna Zhuravleva ◽  
Elena Vasil'evna Zarubina
Keyword(s):  
Informal Economy ◽  
Economic Behavior ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Farm Labor ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Family Farming ◽  
Social Community ◽  
Peasant Studies ◽  
Methodological Approaches

The article analyzes approaches to understanding the role of the peasantry as the basis of the Russian nation and culture and a special social community. The ideas of M. M. Kovalevsky, S. N. Yuzhakov, P. A. Sorokin, A.V. Chayanov and T. Shanin are presented. The conclusion is made about the relevance and methodological value of the approaches of representatives of Russian sociology to this issue. The article states that today, among the priority areas of agricultural sociology, the most popular is the study of family farming as a subject of the informal economy sector of the production of environmentally friendly products for the population interested in the development of bio-agriculture and innovative food networks that reduce the distance between food producers and consumers. It is this urgency of the problem that makes peasant studies the most promising direction of agrarian sociology. Taking into account the practical significance of this problem, relying on methodological approaches and developments of domestic and foreign sociologists, the research group of the Ural Agrarian University, based on the network interaction of universities of the Ural region and India, developed a program of initiative cross-cultural sociological research on the topic "Culture of farm labor", the purpose of which is to analyze the value bases of economic behavior of representatives of this social group for designing an effective agricultural policy.

scholarly journals Agricultural cooperation in the Northern Non-Black-Earth Region: formal and informal practices

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 889-904
Author(s):  
O. B. Bozhkov ◽  
A. M. Nikulin ◽  
I. K. Poleshchuk
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Mutual Assistance ◽  
Cooperative Movement ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Sociological Studies

Based on the review of the research on the relationship between cooperation and self-organization in the rural development of Russia and other countries, and also taking into account the recent trends in the international cooperative movement, the authors present the results of the sociological research conducted in 2005-2008, and then in 2018-2019 in nine rural areas of five subjects of the Russian Federation: Leningrad, Vologda, Novgorod, Arkhangelsk and Tver Regions of the Northern Non-Black-Earth Region. These empirical studies were comparative case studies based on a combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches. The authors consider the historical and contemporary specifics of cooperation and self-organization of the Non-Black-Earth Region as compared to other Russian regions; identify theoretical and practical differences between the concepts cooperation, self-organization, mutual assistance; propose to use the concept symbiosis for the analytical explanation of paradoxes of the interaction of traditions and innovations in practices of rural cooperation and mutual assistance. In the final part of the article, the authors provide empirical examples from their sociological studies in the Northern Non-Black-Earth Region, which prove the efficiency of cooperation between local entrepreneurs and rural communities, especially provided measures and programs of the state support to cooperation. The authors emphasize the importance of the symbiosis of formal and informal local cooperative practices, which requires an extremely flexible cooperative policy in order to overcome the legacy of the Soviet bureaucratic overregulation and to revive the historical legacy of the local self-organization of rural communities.

scholarly journals Digitalization of social infrastructure in small towns of the Middle Urals

2021 ◽  
Vol 128 ◽  
pp. 04020
Author(s):  
Ivan Kokh
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Middle Urals ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
The Middle Urals ◽  
Internet Technologies ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Use Of Internet

Social infrastructure of rural areas and cities is of great importance in improving the quality of life of their population. Digital technologies play an ever-increasing role in the development of social infrastructure. Digitalization of social infrastructure in large cities, where there are more favorable conditions for the introduction of Internet technologies due to the availability of reliable networks, unlike other settlements, is of particular importance. The article analyzes the results of sociological research concerning the use of Internet technologies by the population in small towns of the Middle Urals. Special attention is paid to the role of Internet technologies in the transformation of social infrastructure, accessibility of services for residents, especially in small towns.

Mechanisms for Regulating the Labor Resources of Rural Territories

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-57
Author(s):  
N.M. Edrenkina ◽  
◽  
A.E. Lisitsin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Public Private Partnership ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
Labor Resources ◽  
Labor Potential

The tendencies of state regulation of the labor potential of rural territories are revealed, which prove the lack of effective mechanisms of its reproduction. Mechanisms to increase the efficiency of state regulation of the labor potential on rural areas, aimed primarily at creating jobs and the number of people employed in the segment of small and medium-sized business are proposed. Thanks to public-private partnership in this area, it is possible to reduce budget expenditures on the development of social infrastructure.

An Assessment of Poverty Alleviation Measures and Sustainable Livelihood Capability of Farm Households in Rural China: A Sustainable Livelihood Approach

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1230
Author(s):  
Fang Su ◽  
Nini Song ◽  
Nannan Ma ◽  
Altynbek Sultanalive ◽  
Jing Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood ◽  
Absolute Poverty ◽  
Mountain Area ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood Approach ◽  
The Impact

This paper aims to identify effective mechanisms for government poverty alleviation measures based on the livelihood sustainability of farm households in Southern Shaanxi province, China. The paper utilizes data from 414 farm households, collected through field observations and in-depth interviews in 24 rural communes in Qinba Mountain Area of Shaanxi province, China. Using theoretical research methods and employing the sustainable livelihood approach (SLA) framework, this paper analyzes poverty alleviation measures as well as the impact of varied capital availability on sustainable livelihood. The study shows that developing local industries and governmental financial support improve the sustainable livelihood of farmers and eradicate absolute poverty. The findings of this study further indicate that there is a positive correlation between poverty alleviation measures and natural and social capital for sustainable livelihood. The paper provides empirical and quantitative evidence on alleviation of poverty, and the findings will help improve the sustainability of livelihood capability of farming households. This study suggests impactful approaches to stabilizing mechanisms for poverty alleviation in rural areas over the longer term.

ON THE ISSUE OF CREATING TOURIST CLUSTERS IN KHMELNYTSKYI REGION

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-133
Author(s):  
Olesia Dolynska
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Synergetic Effect ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Pollution Transport ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Regional Tourism ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Green Tourism ◽  
The Creation

Important issues in the development of regional tourism are the provision of tourist services, formation of the market of services and infrastructure improvement. The creation of clusters in the tourism sector remains relevant. From the standpoint of geographical science, the formation of tourist clusters is quite studied. The tourist potential of Khmelnytskyi region first of all includes the objects of nature reserve and historical-cultural funds available in the regional territory, which have not been involved in tourist activity yet. They are the basis for the formation of new tourist attractions, which can be used for the development of rural tourism, job creation, finding sources of income for newly formed territorial communities in order to obtain a positive effect from their formation. It is established that the synergetic effect promotes the creation of clusters with similar specialization. Determining the prospects of the tourist cluster of Khmelnytskyi region, special attention should be paid to such a form of tourism as rural (green) tourism. Extensive implementation of green tourism in the practice of newly formed united territorial communities in the region will provide additional resources to enhance their socio-economic development. Especially relevant tourist and recreational activities are in the buffer zones of national nature parks and landscape Regional Park, which are located in the Khmelnytskyi region. It is described that the material and technical base of tourism consists of: temporary accommodation facilities; specialized transport companies; tourist and excursion institutions and their subdivisions; information and advertising services; enterprises for the production and sale of tourist goods. Social infrastructure is also important for the organization of high-quality recreation for tourists: the availability of housing and communal services, cultural and household services, health care, and trade. From the standpoint of traditional economic and geographical complex formation, all factors of tourist complexes are divided into two major groups: socio-economic (labor, transport, trade and catering, souvenirs, city tourist development) and natural (geographical location, nature surface area, air temperature) etc. Many scholars, as the main social factors in the development of the tourist complex distinguish: socio-cultural: cultural-historical (architectural-historical) resources, settlement, administrative-territorial division; production and economic: labor resources, the structure of the city's economy, sources of environmental pollution, transport, land resources. Analysis of the location of these factors from the standpoint of social geography will justify measures aimed at enhancing the development of tourism in the regional tourism complex. Mass tourism is possible only if the needs of travelers in food and accommodation are met. Relevant facilities should have a range of hygiene and waste disposal facilities for tourists. Therefore, it is important, especially in rural areas, to provide in the plans of socio-economic development and general schemes of rural development places for temporary stay of tourists, appropriate infrastructure facilities, to reserve land for their arrangement. The analysis of the possibilities of Khmelnytskyi region in the tourist market of Ukraine showed that it occupies the middle places. This is due to the transit transport and geographical location. Within this region there is a clear polarization of tourism development, which determines the spatial features of the regional tourist complex development. Key words: tourist cluster, Khmelnytskyi region, green tourism, socio-economic development of the region.

scholarly journals Demographic and social degradation in the Lubelskie Voivodeship as a peripheral area of East Poland

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (41) ◽  
pp. 7-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Flaga ◽  
Monika Wesołowska
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Political Transformation ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Peripheral Area ◽  
Population Structures ◽  
Natural Movement ◽  
Regional Factors ◽  
Post War ◽  
And Migration

Abstract Eastern regions of Poland are regarded as areas where numerous unfavourable socio-economic phenomena appear and accumulate. These are the results of historical conditions as well as post-war border localization and various processes, primarily in terms of economy. The consequences of the political transformation of the state in the 1990s and profound social and economic changes in recent decades are also crucial drivers of many disadvantageous changes in the region. The article shows population processes which can be recognized nowadays in Eastern Poland, and the attention of the authors is focused on the peripheral rural areas of the region. General tendencies reported in the text are based on the cases from the Lubelskie Voivodeship where concentration of the demographic and social problems is particularly noticeable. The analyses comprise changes of population growth and its components (natural movement and migration), population structures as well as some characteristics concerning the quality and conditions of inhabitants’ lives. The main causes of negative processes shaping the population, including domestic, regional and micro-regional factors, are also presented. The final part of the article deals with the most important outcomes of population changes which are reflected in the progressing ageing of society, the decline of villages and social infrastructure, among other facts. These unfavourable phenomena are shown in the context of the future development of the region.

scholarly journals Methodology of Forming a Comprehensive Mechanism for Public Administration of Service Cooperation Development in Rural Areas of Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4S) ◽  
pp. 152-156 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Coherent System ◽  
Situational Analysis ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Cooperative Movement

with carrying out the decentralization reform public administration mechanisms play an important role in ensuring the comprehensive development of rural areas. Expanding the use of such mechanisms in the sphere of cooperation on the state level will facilitate development and support of small entrepreneurial forms, common use of material and technical basis, emerging new working places, building social infrastructure and engineering communications, providing qualitative services to citizens and preserving rural settlements. The objective of the article is to identify constituents of the comprehensive mechanism of public administration for development of service cooperation of rural areas in Ukraine and to integrate them into a coherent system which would facilitate realization of the state strategies and programmes to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. The object of the research is a comprehensive mechanism of public administration for development of service cooperation. Research methodology is grounded upon the use of general scientific knowledge methods, in particular, logical and semantic, induction and deduction for formulating definitions, systemic and situational analysis for characterizing constituents of a comprehensive mechanism and identifying their interrelations. Based on the systemic approach it has been defined that comprehensive mechanism is an integrated system which combines interrelated and dependable functioning of legislative, institutional, organisational and economic, financial and credit, information and communication as well as staffing mechanisms in the sphere of developing cooperative movement in the rural localities. It is proved that every mechanism influences its particular direction and is formed at the international, national, regional and local levels based on cooperative values and generalized system of principles. Special attention is paid to the research of international and national legislation to generalize the system of principles of cooperation, intermunicipal cooperation, public authorities and public associations’ functioning, upon which the comprehensive mechanism for public administration of service cooperation development in rural areas of Ukraine is based.

scholarly journals Attitudes of Modern Youth to the Innovative Activities: Based on the Materials of Sociological Research

Discourse ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 80-88
Author(s):  
E. E. Ushenkov
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Sampling Error ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Older Youth ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Sociological Studies

Introduction. Orientation of the Russian to innovative way of development requires the provision of the state of human resources – qualified specialists with a certain set of qualities, skills and competencies. Researchers studying the matter, concluded that such a resource is the youth as the most active and creative social and demographic groups. Important components of the innovative potential of young people are the open mindedness, self-interest and involvement in innovative processes.The author carries out a case study, the aim of which is to study the attitudes and engagement of young people of the Ivanovo region in innovation activities.Methodology and sources. The methodological basis of this work is the sociological researches conducted by the author. The subject of these studies were representatives of youth of the Ivanovo region in age from 14 to 30 years. During the research, several sub-groups divided the youth group: senior pupils, students and representatives of working youth. Sampling error does not exceed 5 %, for a given level of significance of 95 %.Results and discussion. The study showed that only half of the youth in the region would like to take part in innovative activities. At the same time over the past 3 years, about 44 % of young people have taken part in some form of innovation activity. Revealed that innovative practices are most common for pupils and students. Young people engaged in professional activities in more than half of the cases had no experience of participation in innovative activities.Conclusion. The results of the author of sociological studies show varying degrees of readiness of youth to innovative activities. Pupils and students largely than older youth, interested in innovative practices, due to its involvement in these processes through the use of new educational technologies. The interest of working youth is determined by the content of the profession.

scholarly journals Involvement in the organized market of such forms of self employment in rural areas as personal subsidiary farms of citizens

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (13) ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Kot ◽  
Tat'yana Zyryanova ◽  
Sergey Zyryanov
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
Axiomatic Analysis ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Deductive Method ◽  
The Law

Abstract. Within the framework of a set of measures for the implementation of the national project on small and medium-sized enterprises and support for individual entrepreneurial initiative in accordance with the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation on national goals and strategic development tasks, the importance of involving citizens in independent production activities is reflected. In this regard, Federal Law No. 422-FL of 27 November 2018 (hereinafter referred to as the Law) initiated a tax experiment to establish a new special tax regime “Tax on Professional Income” (hereinafter referred to as the TPI). The purpose of the study is to determine the economic impact of the new tool on the involvement in economic turnover of such a form of self-employment in rural areas as personal subsidiary farms of citizens. Tasks: 1) using the deductive method of theoretical research to analyze the effect of the experiment on the application of the new special tax regime on the territory of Russia; 2) to consider in practical situations the options for applying the TPI for self-employed citizens; 3) systematize data on the calculation of naps in the form of a model that has theoretical and practical significance for the involvement of private subsidiary farms (hereinafter referred to as PSF) in an organized market. Research methods: deduction, axiomatic, analysis, synthesis, comparison, experiment, measurement. The scientific novelty and results is that according to the Law, a new target group is allocated – self-employed citizens who indicate services in different fields of activity. In agriculture, it is also necessary to direct the activities of PSF that sell their own products to an organized market. Results. In order to help improve financial literacy with the support of self-employed entrepreneurs, a comparative analysis of deductions for the calculation of professional income tax was conducted. Algorithms for calculating naps have been developed, which are the basis for considering practical situations. A model has been compiled that systematizes the procedure for applying the TPI for self-employed citizens.

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