scholarly journals The specificity of geocultural images of the cold in folklore and literature of the indigenous peoples of Yakutia of the Soviet period

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-100
Author(s):  
Aitalina Akhmetovna Kuzmina
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
The North ◽  
Folklore Studies ◽  
Extensive Coverage ◽  
Comprehensive Examination ◽  
Cultural Texts ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Negative Connotation

This article examines the specificity of geocultural images of the cold in folklore and literature of the indigenous peoples of Yakutia (Yukaghirs, Evens, Evenks, Yakuts) of the Soviet period. The goal consists in studying the specificity of geocultural images of the cold in folklore and literature of the indigenous peoples of Yakutia of the Soviet period and tracing the dynamics of development of such representations. The subject of this research is the geocultural images that characterize the attributes of cold, such as “cold”, “winter”, “snow”, “ice”, “permafrost”. The study leans on works of the scholars dedicated to examination of the folklore worldview, “northern text”, anthropology and conceptology of the cold, and the questions of mythopoeia. The author employs linguoculturological, cultural-historical, semiotic, and geopoetic approaches. The novelty of this research consists in comprehensive examination of the peculiarities of representations on geocultural images with attributes of the cold and extensive coverage of the folklore and literary material based on the folklore materials and literature of the Indigenous peoples of Yakutia of the Soviet period. It is revealed that the indigenous peoples of Yakutia have different representations on these natural phenomena. In the folklore worldview, the representations on the cold mostly have negative connotation. The Yakut national literature of the early XX century adhered to the canons of the traditional worldview, and since the second half of the XX century, the severe climate of the North started to be perceived as something unique and positive. The acquired results can be applied in the field of folklore studies, literary studies, and anthropology in examination of the peculiarities of cultural texts of the North and the Arctic.

scholarly journals From political and intellectual biography of the Yakut emigrant Asklefeodot Afanasyevich Ryazansky (1898-1968)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Pavel Olegovich Savvinov
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
World History ◽  
Intellectual Biography ◽  
Russian Civil War ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
Political Views ◽  
Comprehensive Examination ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Mental Characteristics

The subject of this research, dedicated to mental characteristics of the world of Yakut emigration of 1917 – 1940, is the history of Yakut emigration on the example of life of the active participant in the anti-Bolshevik movement in the northeast of Russia, who fought for the alternative path of development in the XX century and the Yakut emigrant Asklefeodot Afanasyevich Ryazansky (1898 – 1968). The object of this research is the history of Russian emigration. Historical-biographical method is applies in the course of this work. The article analyzes the adaptation of the Yakut emigrant in the context of impact of external factors in China and Australia, as well as his political views. The scientific novelty is defined by the fact that the topic of Yakut emigration and “Yakut world” did not receive due coverage within the Russian historical science, although it is an important scientific problem that requires comprehensive examination on the background of Revolution of 1917 and Russian Civil war in the context of world history. The conclusion is made that along with majority of Russian emigrants of the first wave, A. A Ryazansky struggled for survival in the new conditions abroad and was able to adjust to foreign cultural environment, having become a prominent journalist in China, and later the owner of marine company in Australia. Ryazansky saw the future of his homeland (Russia) as a democratic federative state with guaranteed preservation of ethnocultural identity of the indigenous peoples of Yakutia with the possibility of receiving education.

scholarly journals Gender-specific perceptions of environmental problems by the indigenous peoples of the North of Russia

POPULATION ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-84
Author(s):  
Evgenia V. Potravnaya
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Full Account ◽  
Mining Companies ◽  
The North ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Gender Specific

The article deals with gender aspects of the perception of environmental problems by the population in the industrial development of the Arctic. There is substantiated the need to develop an ethno-social approach to the study of environmental problems in the framework of interaction between mining companies and the indigenous peoples of the North. It is proposed to conduct sociological surveys of the population when assessing the impact on the ethnological environment (ethnological expertise of the project). The experience of conducting such research to identify and assess gender-specific perceptions of environmental problems in the implementation of investment projects in the Arctic is shown. Based on the results of the empirical research in 2017–2019 on alluvial gold and diamond mining projects in the Northern regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), the main environmental problems that concern the local population are identified. These include: pollution of the environment in the territories of traditional nature use, decrease in the number of deer, reduction in the number of objects of traditional crafts, lack of a system for garbage removal and processing, climate change, and others. The article shows specifics of the environmental problems perception by the indigenous inhabitants of the North (Evenks, Dolgans, Yukagirs, Sakha) on a gender basis. It proposes a mechanism for taking into account the gender characteristics of the population’s behavior in the impact of economic activities on the environment in order to ensure gender equality by signing an agreement between mining companies and the local population on the socio-economic development of the territory. The concept of a gender approach to the account of ethnosocial and environmental aspects of territory development with the account the life cycle of the project is substantiated. Implementation of this approach will allow a more full account of the interests and needs of the indigenous population in the industrial development of the territory in the Arctic.

scholarly journals Exercise of rights of the indigenous peoples on the example of Norway's policy towards Sami population

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
Elena Nikolaevna Moroz
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Current Status ◽  
The Political ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
The North ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Fundamental Transformation ◽  
The Government

This article is dedicated to the relevant problem of preserving the lifestyle of indigenous peoples and ensuring their rights. Norway has a considerable experience in this sphere, and can serve as a positive example for the Russian in the sphere of exercising the rights and support of the indigenous small-numbered peoples. The goal of this article consists in examination of the government policy towards the indigenous peoples of Northern Norway, their current status, as well as assessment of government activity in solving the problems of Sami people. The subject of this research is the legislation and policy towards Sami people as the indigenous people of the North and minority in Norway. The methodological framework consists of systematic, retrospective and comparative analysis. Analysis is conducted on the international and domestic legal aspects of exercising the rights of Sami people. In conclusion, the author notes the recent fundamental transformation of the legal system towards sovereignty of Sami people, and moreover, the revival of their cultural and social traditions. The scientific novelty of lies in the comprehensive analysis of international and domestic means of protection of rights of the indigenous peoples of the North, as well as in assessment of the political program and government actions on maintaining their unique culture and ensuring the rights to self-governance.

scholarly journals Lost Generations? Indigenous Population of the Russian North in the Post-Soviet Era

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey N. Petrov
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Population Dynamic ◽  
Indigenous Population ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Demographic Trends ◽  
Age Cohorts ◽  
Russian North ◽  
Indigenous Minorities ◽  
Post Soviet Period

This paper discusses key findings concerning population dynamic of the Indigenous minorities living in the Russian North during the post-Soviet period, highlighted by the 2002 Census. The paper places recent demographic trends into the context of past and current economic, social and institutional changes. It also provides comparisons with Indigenous population dynamics in other parts of the Arctic. Although most Indigenous peoples of the Russian North were growing numerically, they still experienced effects of Russia’s economic crisis, primarily reflected in rapidly falling fertility and rising mortality in the middle-age cohorts. In addition, both the ethnic drift and legal changes seriously contributed to the population dynamic.

The Importance of Educational Institutions in the Preservation and Development of the Culture of the Indigenous Peoples of the Arctic

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
В. Марфусалова ◽  
V. Marfusalova
Keyword(s):  
Educational Policy ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Educational Organizations ◽  
Future Teachers ◽  
The North ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article considers the directions of the Russian educational policy in the sphere of the development of culture and education of the indigenous low-numbered peoples of the North. The role of higher pedagogical educational organizations in the preservation and strengthening of the culture of the low-numbered peoples of the Russian Federation residing in the Arctic and subarctic territories is described. The curriculum of future teachers is being revealed.

Indigenous Peoples of the Russian North and Their Right to Traditional Fishing

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Andreyevna Zmyvalova
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Far East ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The North ◽  
Russian North ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Right ◽  
Traditional Fishing

The preservation of the traditional livelihood of the indigenous peoples of the Russian North is one of the State’s policy priorities in the Russian Federation. This is declared in such documents as, inter alia, the Development Strategy of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation and the National Security for the period up to 2020 and the Paper on the Sustainable Development of the Indigenous Small-Numbered Peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East of Russia for the period up to 2025. Fishing is one of the basic traditional practices for the indigenous peoples of the Russian North. Despite the legal recognition of the right to traditional fishing of indigenous peoples, the practical realization of this right is complicated. While analysing the current situation, the author attempts to shed some light on the reasons of the problematic realization of this right.

scholarly journals Improving dialogue among researchers, local and indigenous peoples and decision-makers to address issues of climate change in the North

AMBIO ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 1161-1178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry V. Callaghan ◽  
Olga Kulikova ◽  
Lidia Rakhmanova ◽  
Elmer Topp-Jørgensen ◽  
Niklas Labba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The North ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Circumpolar North ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Permafrost Thawing ◽  
Health And Well Being

Abstract The Circumpolar North has been changing rapidly within the last decades, and the socioeconomic systems of the Eurasian Arctic and Siberia in particular have displayed the most dramatic changes. Here, anthropogenic drivers of environmental change such as migration and industrialization are added to climate-induced changes in the natural environment such as permafrost thawing and increased frequency of extreme events. Understanding and adapting to both types of changes are important to local and indigenous peoples in the Arctic and for the wider global community due to transboundary connectivity. As local and indigenous peoples, decision-makers and scientists perceive changes and impacts differently and often fail to communicate efficiently to respond to changes adequately, we convened a meeting of the three groups in Salekhard in 2017. The outcomes of the meeting include perceptions of how the three groups each perceive the main issues affecting health and well-being and recommendations for working together better.

scholarly journals The impact of technogenesis and economic activities of the indigenous peoples of the North Russia on the environmental status of the Yamal region

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 06012
Author(s):  
Sergei Petrov ◽  
Natali Mamaeva ◽  
Maksim Narushko
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Academic Science ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The North ◽  
Environmental Status ◽  
Original Habitat ◽  
The Impact

The article studies the issue of the protection of the land and the coastal part of the Kara Sea and the role of specially protected natural territories, trading posts of small indigenous peoples of the North (SIPN) located within the boundaries of the state biological reserve of regional importance Yamalskiy. It is shown that the consolidation of administrative and production resources and academic science in order to study the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors on the biogeocenosis of the Arctic and the sociogenesis of the peoples of the North will allow solving specific tasks of developing and using the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation and preserving the ethnic and cultural development of the SIPN, protecting their original habitat and traditional lifestyle.

scholarly journals A. A. Petrov. Istoriya izucheniya tunguso-manchzhurskih yazykov v Rossii (Ocherki i issledovaniya) [The history of the study of the Tungus-Manchu languages in Russia (sketches and researches)]

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 67-70
Author(s):  
Aleksey A. Burykin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Far East ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Independent Work ◽  
Revolutionary Period ◽  
North Siberia ◽  
Post Soviet Period

This publication is a review of a new book by A. A. Petrov devoted to the history of the study of the Tungus-Manchu languages in Russia from the 18th century till the beginning of the 21st century. Reference books of this type on the Tungus-Manchu languages and other languages of the peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East of Russia have not been published for over 70 years, and they are especially relevant due to the increase in the volume of publications on these languages, a significant part of which are regional publications of universities and Siberian scientific centers. The main part of the book is the literature on the Tungus-Manchu languages dating back to the 20th century. It is divided into three periods: the pre-revolutionary period (1900—1917), the Soviet period (1917—1991), and the Russian post-Soviet period (1992—2000). There is a certain logic in this: the biographies of most researchers of the older generation fit into one period, and each period reflects certain trends in views on the subject and asks of the study. The book includes a number of supplements for reference. These applications make the book by A. A. Petrov a convenient textbook for students of specialized universities, a guide for refresher courses for teachers of the Tungus-Manchu languages and independent work of teachers, and a guide for foreign researchers who may have difficulties with the Russian bibliography on the subject. A. A. Petrov’s book is unambiguously useful as an everyday reference book of literature on the Tungus-Manchu languages, although, of course, researchers of biographies of scientists as well as researchers of some special problems of studying Tungus-Manchu languages will turn to other sources that provide special requests.

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