THE RISKS OF NONSTRUCTURAL BUILDING COMPONENTS IN THE CONTEXT OF EARTHQUAKE AND PEDESTRIANISED STREETS IN HISTORIC CITY CENTERS: ISTANBUL BEYOGLU CEZAYIR STREET CASE

In most of historical cities, some streets have been pedestrianised in order to facilitate pedestrian circulation. This situation affects functions of historical buildings and increases also pedestrian density of streets. Many historical cities in the world are threatened by earthquake. It is important to consider earthquake related disasters for the pedestrianization practices in historical cities. The historical urban centers, most of have masonry buildings, may not perform well enough to overcome the risks. Building structural system, construction date, number of storey, maintenance and repair conditions and physical changes due to functional changes are similar factors affecting the performance of the building earthquakes. Although buildings have performed sufficiently structurally against earthquakes, nonstructural components damages may occur. In case of earthquake, poor performance of nonstructural components may cause loss of function, economic losses and especially loss of life and injury. The nonstructural components of building such as parapet, roof, chimney, eave, canopy and windows are considered as risk factors that may cause injuries during earthquake. In this study, nonstructural building components that may occur possibility of injury are discussed and brought forward proposals for pedestrianised streets safety located in Cezayir Street, Istanbul. The main factors affecting the choice of Cezayir Street are; its close location to the most important cultural center of Istanbul; Istiklal Avenue, being a renovated area and the intensive street usage. The nonstructural building components of historical building in the Cezayir Street were evaluated using data obtained on-site observation of building façade as parapets, ornaments, eaves, chimneys, windows and canopies. According to the research result, it can be said that the façade glazing which is located at mostly additional flats on the buildings may lead to risk during earthquake.

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Aflatoxins biosynthesis, toxicity and intervention strategies: A review

10.31221/osf.io/b95h2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Chem Int

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Molecular Basis ◽

Genetic Regulation ◽

Intervention Strategies ◽

Historical Background ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Biomarkers Of Exposure ◽

Food Commodities

Aflatoxins (AFTs) are toxic products of fungal metabolism, associated with serious health consequences and substantial economic losses to agriculture, livestock and poultry sectors, particularly in the developing countries. This review outlines the current information on AFTs in terms of historical background, classification, relative occurrence and co-existence with other mycotoxins in various food commodities. The phenomenon of aflatoxin (AFT) biosynthesis has been elucidated with reference to molecular basis, genetic regulation and factors affecting the AFT production. Moreover, the in vivo disposition kinetics, toxicological action and toxico-pathological consequences of AFTs have also been highlighted. Currently employed strategies for the detection and detoxification of AFTs, biomarkers of exposure assessment, potential economic impact and regulatory considerations regarding the AFTs have been emphasized.

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Hyperactivation of RAP1 and JAK/STAT Signaling Pathways Contributes to Fibrosis during the Formation of Nasal Capsular Contraction

European Surgical Research ◽

10.1159/000513780 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Meng Wu ◽

Ming Li ◽

Hong-Ju Xie ◽

Hong-Wei Liu

Keyword(s):

Signaling Pathways ◽

Type I Collagen ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Capsular Contracture ◽

Silicone Implant ◽

Type I ◽

Loss Of Function ◽

Sequencing Data ◽

Functional Changes ◽

Stat Signaling

Silicone implant-based augmentation rhinoplasty or mammoplasty induces capsular contracture, which has been acknowledged as a process that develops an abnormal fibrotic capsule associated with the immune response to allogeneic materials. However, the signaling pathways leading to the nasal fibrosis remain poorly investigated. We aimed to explore the molecular mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of nasal capsular contracture, with a specific research interest in the signaling pathways involved in fibrotic development at the advanced stage of contracture. By examining our recently obtained RNA sequencing data and global gene expression profiling between grade II and grade IV nasal capsular tissues, we found that both the RAP1 and JAK/STAT signaling pathways were hyperactive in the contracted capsules. This was verified on quantitative real-time PCR which demonstrated upregulation of most of the representative component signatures in these pathways. Loss-of-function assays through siRNA-mediated Rap1 silencing and/or small molecule-directed inhibition of JAK/STAT pathway in ex vivo primary nasal fibroblasts caused a series of dramatic behavioral and functional changes, including decreased cell viability, increased apoptosis, reduced secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, and synthesis of type I collagen, compared to control cells, and indicating the essential role of the RAP1 and JAK/STAT signaling pathways in nasal capsular fibrosis. Our results sheds light on targeting downstream signaling pathways for the prevention and therapy of silicone implant-induced nasal capsular contracture.

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Analysis of Driver's Characteristics Based on Internet of Vehicles

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.505-506.1148 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 505-506 ◽

pp. 1148-1152

Author(s):

Jian Qun Wang ◽

Xiao Qing Xue ◽

Ning Cao

Keyword(s):

Traffic Accidents ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Classification Model ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Lane Changing ◽

Internet Of Vehicles ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

The Road ◽

The University ◽

Driver’S Characteristics

The road traffic accidents caused huge economic losses and casualties, so it had been focused by the researchers. Lane changing characteristic is the most relevant characteristic with safety. The intent of lane changing was discussed. Firstly, the factors affecting the intent were analyzed, the speed satisfaction value and the space satisfaction value were proposed; then the data from the University of California, Berkeley was extracted and the number of vehicles changed lane more often and the vehicle ID were obtained; the BP neural network classification model was established, it was trained and testified by actual data. The results shown the method could predict the intent accurately.

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The Empirical and Theoretical Miscible Characterization Method in Gas-Enhanced Oil Recovery

Geofluids ◽

10.1155/2018/7841948 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Wang Chengjun ◽

Li Xiaorui

Keyword(s):

Oil Recovery ◽

Research Result ◽

Empirical Method ◽

Reservoir Engineering ◽

Forecasting Accuracy ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Development Scheme ◽

Gas Flooding ◽

New Ideas

The determination of miscible characteristic is one of the key technologies for enhancing oil recovery of gas flooding. If the miscible characteristic at each development period of gas flooding can be known in real time, it will be helpful to guide gas flooding development scheme. The minimum miscible pressure (MMP) is mostly used to describe miscible characteristic. Currently, the MMP forecasting methods can be classified into two categories—the empirical method and theoretical calculation method. In this paper, the main controlling factors affecting MMP are analyzed combined with reservoir engineering method, phase equilibrium theory, reservoir numerical simulation technology, and so on. Based on this, new empirical and theoretical MMP forecasting model was built. Meanwhile, new ideas for improving forecasting accuracy through modifying miscible criterion were proposed. The calculation accuracies of the two MMP forecasting models can be improved to over 90% that is more accurate and adapted than other methods. This research result can supply new ideas for gas flooding MMP forecasting.

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FACTORS AFFECTING HIGH SCHOOL AND UNIVERSITY STUDENTS TO SPEEDING

Journal of Indonesia Road Safety ◽

10.19184/korlantas-jirs.v2i2.15026 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 119

Author(s):

Dewanti Dewanti ◽

Jan Prabowo Harmanto

Keyword(s):

Influencing Factor ◽

Research Result ◽

Predictor Variables ◽

Driving Experience ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Ordered Logistic Regression ◽

On Line ◽

Police Presence ◽

Level Order ◽

Special Region

This study aims to find factors influencing students to do speeding in Yogyakarta Special Region. 179 respondents filled in on-line and off-line questionnaires to determine options or probabilities of speeding up on a variety of different road / environmental conditions. Cross tab tests and ordered logistic regression are adopted to analyze influencing factors (both internal and external). 3 of 18 predictor variables do not affect speeding behavior, and those are driving experience, road separator, and speed limit signs. While the age, education, and police presence are negatively correlated with speeding behavior, it means that the older, and the higher a person's education and the presence of police, people tend not to have speeding behavior. The other research result is the level order of the influencing factor of speeding (predictor variables). Penelitian ini bertujuan menemukan faktor – faktor yang mempengaruhi pelajar dan mahasiswa melakukan ‘speeding’ atau ngebut di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Sebanyak 179 responden mengisi kuesioner on-line maupun off-line untuk mengetahui pilihan-pilihan atau probabilitas melakukan ngebut untuk berbagai kondisi jalan/lingkungan yang berbeda. Uji cross tab dan regresi logistic ordinal digunakan untuk menganalisis factor-faktor (baik internal maupun eksternal) yang berpengaruh. Dari 18 variabel predictor, 3 diantaranya tidak berpengaruh, yaitu: pengalaman berkendara, pemisah jalan dan rambu batas kecepatan. Sementara variable usia, pendidikan dan keberadaan polisi berkorelasi negative terhadap perilaku ngebut, artinya semakin bertambah usia, dan makin tinggi pendidikan seseorang serta adanya polisi mendorong orang untuk tidak ngebut. Dihasilkan juga urutan tingkat pengaruh masing-masing factor (variable predictor)

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Assessing Operability on Berthed Ships. Common Approaches, Present and Future Lines

Journal of Marine Science and Engineering ◽

10.3390/jmse8040255 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 255

Author(s):

Rafael Molina-Sanchez ◽

Álvaro Campos ◽

Marta de Alfonso ◽

Francisco J. de los Santos ◽

Pablo Rodríguez-Rubio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Field Monitoring ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Extreme Conditions ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Logistic Chain ◽

Main Factors ◽

Port Areas

The revenue of a ship company, a terminal, a port and even the whole logistic chain largely depends on the performance of (un)loading operations inside port areas. However, they are conditioned by met-ocean agents that exert stresses on fixed structures, berthed ships and mooring systems that can affect the comfort, productivity and safety of the operations. Under extreme conditions, operations may be interrupted, producing periods of inactivity, economic losses and even jeopardizing the terminal’s reliability. Therefore, it is crucial to develop strategies for characterizing and predicting operability in docks and anchorages. The present paper aims to assess the main approaches up to date to address the operability on berthed ships and to explore present and future strategies. To accomplish this, main factors affecting the operability are reviewed and different methodologies for the characterization and calculation of operability are detailed, together with some results regarding the perception of vulnerability from the Spanish port community. Rather than aiming for generic mono-parametric thresholds, the results highlight the need for addressing this challenge in a specific way for each dock and anchorage, broadening field monitoring and considering the varied peculiarities and the specific perception and experience of main port’s actors.

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Exploring influential factors leading to the poor performance of public construction project in Ethiopia using structural equation modelling

Engineering Construction & Architectural Management ◽

10.1108/ecam-12-2019-0689 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Benti Gadisa ◽

Hong Zhou

Keyword(s):

Construction Industry ◽

Construction Projects ◽

Construction Project ◽

Poor Performance ◽

Project Performance ◽

Influential Factors ◽

Project Design ◽

Content Type ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Public Construction

PurposeIt is well recognized that the construction industry is characterised by inefficient and ineffective service delivery due to various causative factors. Thus this study aims to examine the influential factors affecting public construction project performance in Ethiopia to improve the industry's service delivery.Design/methodology/approachFrom the extensive literature reviewed, 58 potential factors affecting construction project performance have been compiled. Based on the evidence accumulated, the conceptual model of this paper has been developed. By using survey questionnaires, valuable data were collected from the construction industry professionals in Ethiopia; analysed and interpreted with the use of both SPSS and AMOS software.FindingsIt is concluded that failure factors related to the “performance” of the contractor, the “capability” of the owner, the “project design-procurement process,” and project contract management can significantly contribute to the poor performance of public construction projects in Ethiopia. Ten key factors include inadequate contractor capacity, weak project site management and supervision, weak project management skills and capabilities of the owner, additional work orders, delayed payment, lack of comprehensive project plans between parties and incomplete project design, rising material prices, ineffective project schedules, and cost management, rising market prices and devaluation of the currency.Research limitations/implicationsThe scope of this study confined to public projects in Ethiopia. It suggests that further research needs to consider public and private construction from a comprehensive perspective in the developing countries.Practical implicationsIt provides practitioners with information and guidance on the factors that affect the performance of construction projects.Originality/valueIt provides inclusive evidence related to many factors that affect the performance of public construction projects.

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Intensive chemotherapy in aggressive lymphomas: updated results of LNH- 80 protocol and prognostic factors affecting response and survival

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v70.5.1394.1394 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 70 (5) ◽

pp. 1394-1399 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

B Coiffier ◽

PA Bryon ◽

M Ffrench ◽

M Blanc ◽

C Sebban ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Performance Status ◽

Bone Marrow Involvement ◽

Poor Performance ◽

Poor Performance Status ◽

Term Survival ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Negatively Associated ◽

Intensive Courses

Abstract One hundred patients with aggressive malignant lymphomas treated with the LNH-80 regimen were evaluated for long-term survival and pretreatment characteristics predictive of response and survival. LNH- 80 consists of three intensive courses of adriamycin cyclophosphamide vindesine bleomycin (ACVB) followed by sequential consolidation and final intensification. Eighty-four patients went into complete remission (CR), eight had a partial response (PR), three failed to respond, and five died during induction. Twenty-three patients (27%) relapsed, in two of whom a prolonged second remission was obtained. Sixty-three patients are currently alive, two of them with disease. Four patients died in CR. Median survival and median freedom from relapse survival were not reached with a median follow-up of 4 1/2 years. Characteristics negatively associated with response in multivariate analysis were: poor performance status, bone marrow involvement, and two or more extranodal sites of disease. Duration of CR was associated with splenic involvement. Three characteristics were negatively associated with survival in multivariate analysis: age, high grade subtypes, and bone marrow involvement.

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KINERJA PELAYANAN PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH BERDASARKAN PENDAPAT PEDAGANG DAN PENGELOLA PASAR DI PASAR TALANG, KECAMATAAN GUNUNG TALANG KABUPATEN SOLOK

JURNAL PEMBANGUNAN WILAYAH & KOTA ◽

10.14710/pwk.v15i1.17718 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 58

Author(s):

Susilawati Susilawati ◽

Hadi Wahyono

Keyword(s):

Waste Management ◽

Poor Performance ◽

Management Service ◽

Waste Generation ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Service Effectiveness ◽

Traditional Markets ◽

Main Factors ◽

Range Interval ◽

Individual Role

Market waste is one waste generation from commercial areas that influence the municipal waste generation. Thus it is necessary to manage effectively and efficiently in order to be sustainable in environmental, social and economical. Talang market is one of the traditional markets in Solok Regency which has an area of ± 3.30 Ha, is the largest and most crowded market in Solok Regency. This market operates every Wednesday with 420 merchants. The problem is there is still a lot of waste disposed in the open air, not all of them be transported to landfill. In addition, there is still a lot of waste scattered in the corners of kiosks and market hallway after the market operates. The purpose of this study is to examine the performance and factors that influence the performance of waste management services based on the opinion of traders and market managers in Talang Market, Gunung Talang District, Solok Regency. This research uses descriptive statistical method with quantitative approach. Analyze technique is done by scoring and factor analysis with tangible variable, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, finance, social and environment with 208 respondents. The result of this research is the performance of waste management service of Talang Market has bad category with the score of 2.58 in range interval 2-2,667. The main factors affecting the performance are operational technical factors. Other important factors are financing factor and service quality, service effectiveness factor, individual role factor, personnel quality factor, service guarantee factor and waste minimization factor at source. Recommendation from the research that is in according with the main factors as well as the less and poor performance that is required optimization of transportation, transfer, collection, warehousing, the ability of personnel and increase the participation of individuals in waste management.

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Prediction analysis of the degradation and the service life building components in artificial method neural network and ISO factor 15686-2

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201925803017 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 258 ◽

pp. 03017

Author(s):

Siti Aisyah ◽

Akhmad Aminullah ◽

H. Muslikh

Keyword(s):

Neural Network ◽

Service Life ◽

Predictive Analysis ◽

Calculation Formula ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Life Planning ◽

Close Relationship ◽

Building Components ◽

Input Variables ◽

Building Condition

The research study reported in this paper aims to combine the Artificial Neural Networks with ISO 15686 Buildings and constructed assets - Service life planning, a framework-based approach to offering a more reliable deterioration forecasting more reliable for building. This paper discusses the existing data and develop a close relationship definition between factors affecting the condition of the service life of the building, the value of building condition and determine the level of degradation of the building component, also predicted the age of the building components in accordance with a specific time variables. Data examination conducted in this research is building condition data of student dormitory at the Universitas Gadjah Mada, the data will be used to calibrate the model of damage to consider a number of factors that influence. To help demonstrate the concept, factors affecting the decline is considered in the analysis of the design level, the level of implementation of the work, the indoor environment, the external environment, the level of care and conditions of use. Predictive analysis with artificial methods of neural network (ANN) with ISO factor input variables and factors age of the building components and the severity level of degradation of the building components (Sw) as output, this will generate a calculation formula that shows the effect of each variable input to output. Predictive analysis carried out with the reverse approach in which after calculation formula obtained by ANN method, then the next step is to find the value of the variable age of the building components according to the value of degradation that has been determined.

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