scholarly journals Patients Knowledge on Infection Control Precaution

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Felor Javadi Bashar ◽  
Tang Li Yoong
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Job Experience ◽  
Healthcare Environment ◽  
Education Of Patients ◽  
Hospital Associated Infections

Background: Hospital-associated infections are related with mortality, extended hospital stay, morbidity and attributable costs to the health care sector. The main objective of this study is measuring infected patients’ knowledge on infection control precaution in University Malaya Medical Center. Methods: Survey of 184 infected patients admitted to University Malaya Medical Center (UMMC) in Malaysia determined infected patients’ knowledge level regarding infections control activities. Results: Infected patient’s knowledge on infection control precaution in given medical center (UMMC) is moderately high with 65.2% good knowledge among infectious patients. Nevertheless, certain knowledge areas of infection control need to improve –i.e., transferring infected patients to isolation room immediately and using facemasks by medical staff while attending patients. The age, level of education of patients and the source of receiving information regarding to controlling infection cannot influence infected patient’s knowledge of infection Control. While the gender of patients, patients’ job experience in healthcare environment, relatives of patients’ job experience in healthcare environment, frequency of hospitals admission and the received information related to controlling infection can influence infected patient’s knowledge of infection Control. Conclusions: Actions intended at improving knowledge are essential to the implementation and development of efficient public health preventative strategies.

scholarly journals The Impact of Enhanced Antimicrobial Stewardship Support on Antibiotic Starts in Long-Term Care Facilities

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s527-s527
Author(s):  
Gabriela Andujar-Vazquez ◽  
Kirthana Beaulac ◽  
Shira Doron ◽  
David R Snydman
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
The Impact

Background: The Tufts Medical Center Antimicrobial Stewardship (ASP) Team has partnered with the Massachusetts Department of Public Health (MDPH) to provide broad-based educational programs (BBEP) to long-term care facilities (LTCFs) in an effort to improve ASP and infection control practices. LTCFs have consistently expressed interest in individualized and hands-on involvement by ASP experts, yet they lack resources. The goal of this study was to determine whether “enhanced” individualized guidance provided by an ASP expert would lead to antibiotic start decreases in LTCFs participating in our pilot study. Methods: A pilot study was conducted to test the feasibility and efficacy of providing enhanced ASP and infection control practices to LTCFs. In total, 10 facilities already participating in MDPH BBEP and submitting monthly antibiotic start data were enrolled, were stratified by bed size and presence of dementia unit, and were randomized 1:1 to the “enhanced” group (defined as reviewing protocols and antibiotic start cases, providing lectures and feedback to staff and answering questions) versus the “nonenhanced” group. Antibiotic start data were validated and collected prospectively from January 2018 to July 2019, and the interventions began in April 2019. Due to staff turnover and lack of engagement, intervention was not possible in 2 of the 5 LTCFs randomized to the enhanced group, which were therefore analyzed as a nonenhanced group. An incidence rate ratios (IRRs) with 95% CIs were calculated comparing the antibiotic start rate per 1,000 resident days between periods in the pilot groups. Results: The average bed sizes for enhanced groups versus nonenhanced groups were 121 (±71.0) versus 108 (±32.8); the average resident days per facility per month were 3,415.7 (±2,131.2) versus 2,911.4 (±964.3). Comparatively, 3 facilities in the enhanced group had dementia unit versus 4 in the nonenhanced group. In the per protocol analysis, the antibiotic start rate in the enhanced group before versus after the intervention was 11.35 versus 9.41 starts per 1,000 resident days (IRR, 0.829; 95% CI, 0.794–0.865). The antibiotic start rate in the nonenhanced group before versus after the intervention was 7.90 versus 8.23 antibiotic starts per 1,000 resident days (IRR, 1.048; 95% CI, 1.007–1.089). Physician hours required for ASP for the enhanced group totaled 8.9 (±2.2) per facility per month. Conclusions: Although the number of hours required for intervention by an expert was not onerous, maintaining engagement proved difficult and in 2 facilities could not be achieved. A statistically significant 20% decrease in the antibiotic start rate was achieved in the enhanced group after interventions, potentially reflecting the benefit of enhanced ASP support by an expert.Funding: This study was funded by the Leadership in Epidemiology, Antimicrobial Stewardship, and Public Health (LEAP) fellowship training grant award from the CDC.Disclosures: None

scholarly journals Violencia ginecológica y silencio al interior del Modelo Médico en Chile. Stella Salinero Rates, Manuel Cárdenas Castro

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (03) ◽  
pp. 226-238
Author(s):  
Stella Salinero-Rates ◽  
Manuel Cárdenas Castro
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Health System ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
Medical Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
The Public

Objective: To investigate the presence of gynecological violence within the health system in Chile, quantify the magnitude of this problem, define its general contours and make visible a phenomenon that has been silenced until now. Methods: The design is cross-sectional and not probabilistic. It included a sample of 4563 women, who were of legal age and who had ever attended gynecological services. A questionnaire was applied between December 18, 2019 and May 10, 2020 using the online platform (SurveyMonkey®). Results: 67% of the participants reported having experienced violence in some way. Such violence occurs most frequently, but not only, in the public health system, in people who belong to native ethnic groups, who consider themselves to be of African descent, whose sexual orientation is lesbian, who are older and who have a lower level of education. Conclusion: The results indicate a high report of violence in gynecological health care Key words: Gynecological violence, Body, Sexuality, Itself, Hegemonic medical model.

scholarly journals Implementation of Tuberculosis Infection Control Practices in Tuberculosis Diagnostic and Treatment Health Facilities in Kampala District, Uganda, August 2015

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Didas Tugumisirize ◽  
Stavia Turyahabwe ◽  
Lilian Bulage ◽  
Stella Zawedde Muyanja ◽  
Robert Kaos Majwala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Health Facility ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Tuberculosis Infection Control

AbstractBackgroundEffective implementation of Tuberculosis infection control (TB IC) measures in health facilities delivering TB care services is very critical in controlling nosocomial transmission of TB infections among health workers, patients and their attendants. The aim of the study was to assess and document the implementation of TB IC practices in TB diagnostic and treatment health facilities in Kampala District, which accounts for 15-20% of the total TB burden in Uganda.MethodsIn August 2015, we conducted a cross-sectional study in 25 health facilities including 07 Public and 18 Private healthcare facilities in Kampala. We used a modified checklist adopted from the national manual for implementing TB control measures in health care facilities. We reviewed health facility records and where necessary observed TB IC practices to triangulate our findings. We conducted univariate analysis and generated proportions in order to describe the extent of implementation of TB IC measures.ResultsOn average, 73% of both administrative and managerial, 65% environmental, and 56% personal protective TB IC measures were complied with at the health facilities visited. Private health facilities implemented 71% of both administrative and managerial TBIC measures compared to public health facilities (31%). Thirty Six percent of health facilities reported that they were regularly screening health care workers for TB. By Observation, 28% had TB IC guideline, 36% had TB IC plan, 12% had a designated area for sputum collection, 56% were regularly opening windows, 40% had fans installed in the waiting areas and/or consultation rooms and 24% had bio-safety cabinets fitted with UV light. In addition, 60% had N95 respirators but only 32% of the facilities reported that their health workers routinely wore them.ConclusionImplementation of WHO recommended TB IC measures in health facilities delivering TB care services in Kampala was sub optimal. Routine involvement of health facility management as well as increasing human resources for health is critical in implementing easy to do TBIC measures like triaging, patients’ educating on coughing etiquette and respiratory hygiene and daily window opening particularly in public health care settings where implementation of administrative TB IC measures is wanting

scholarly journals Level of Education as the Determinant Factor of Obstetric Outpatients’ Knowledge about Intra Uterine Device in Kramat Jati Public Health Center

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhika Prabu
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Public Health Center ◽  
Contraception Use ◽  
History Of ◽  
Determinant Factor

Objective: To know the main factor affecting the knowledge of obstetric outpatients about intra uterine device (IUD). Method: This is across sectional study involving 106 subjects who were selected by a consecutive random sampling in obstetric outpatients clinic, Kramat Jati Public Health Center, Jakarta. Data were obtained from guided questionnaire. There are several dependent variables, including the knowledge level of respondents toward IUD. Meanwhile, there are also independent variables, including education level, job, number of children, history of contraception use, and sources of information. The knowledge score >60% is considered good. Afterwards, the data was evaluated with multivariate analysis with binary logistic regression. Result: The study found association between the rate of knowledge with the level of education (p=0.015) and history of contraceptive usage (p=0.022). In multivariate analysis, it appeared that education level was the determinant factor, with the rate of low knowledge 2.6 times higher in the low education group. Conclusion: Level of education are the determinant factor of obstetric outpatients’ knowledge about intra uterine device in Kramat Jati Public Health Center. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2012; 36-1:43-7] Keywords: IUD, knowledge, level of education

scholarly journals Infection, infection control, and disinfectants in a challenging infection era

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip G. Bowler ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Chlorine Dioxide ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Oxidizing Agents ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

Health care-associated infections inflict a huge clinical and economic burden on public health worldwide. Bacterial resistance to antibiotics continues to escalate, and antimicrobial stewardship initiatives have yet to make a major impact. Additionally, the ability of bacteria to evade environmental threats by living within a self-produced protective biofilm and/or producing resistant spores further challenges effective infection control. The current severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has also amplified the burden significantly. Amidst a particularly challenging infection era, the demand for meticulous infection control and prevention practices is paramount, a key component of which is the use of appropriate disinfectants that can combat a wide variety of microbial pathogens, including diverse forms of viruses and bacteria, particularly highly tolerant spore-forming and biofilm-forming microorganisms. This review addresses the advantages and disadvantages of commonly used disinfectants such as alcohols, hypochlorite, and quaternary ammonium compounds, together with oxidizing agents such as chlorine dioxide and peracetic acid, which are gaining increasing acceptance in routine infection control practices today. Given the increasing requirements for rapid-acting disinfectants that are effective against the toughest of microorganisms (e.g. spores and biofilm), are environmentally friendly, and remain active under diverse environmental conditions, emerging oxidizing agents warrant further consideration, particularly chlorine dioxide, which offers most requirements for an ideal disinfectant, including retention of activity over a broad pH range. Given the critical importance of infection control and antimicrobial stewardship in public health and health care facilities today, consideration of chlorine dioxide as a safe, selective, highly effective, and environmentally friendly disinfectant is warranted.

scholarly journals A Case of Lassa Fever Diagnosed at a Community Hospital—Minnesota 2014

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary J Choi ◽  
Shewangizaw Worku ◽  
Barbara Knust ◽  
Arnold Vang ◽  
Ruth Lynfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Community Hospital ◽  
Lassa Fever ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Health Care Personnel ◽  
Secondary Transmission ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Hospital Infection Control

Abstract Background In April 2014, a 46-year-old returning traveler from Liberia was transported by emergency medical services to a community hospital in Minnesota with fever and altered mental status. Twenty-four hours later, he developed gingival bleeding. Blood samples tested positive for Lassa fever RNA by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Methods Blood and urine samples were obtained from the patient and tested for evidence of Lassa fever virus infection. Hospital infection control personnel and health department personnel reviewed infection control practices with health care personnel. In addition to standard precautions, infection control measures were upgraded to include contact, droplet, and airborne precautions. State and federal public health officials conducted contract tracing activities among family contacts, health care personnel, and fellow airline travelers. Results The patient was discharged from the hospital after 14 days. However, his recovery was complicated by the development of near complete bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. Lassa virus RNA continued to be detected in his urine for several weeks after hospital discharge. State and federal public health authorities identified and monitored individuals who had contact with the patient while he was ill. No secondary cases of Lassa fever were identified among 75 contacts. Conclusions Given the nonspecific presentation of viral hemorrhagic fevers, isolation of ill travelers and consistent implementation of basic infection control measures are key to preventing secondary transmission. When consistently applied, these measures can prevent secondary transmission even if travel history information is not obtained, not immediately available, or the diagnosis of a viral hemorrhagic fever is delayed.

Zero Health Worker Infection: Experiences From the China Ebola Treatment Unit During the Ebola Epidemic in Liberia

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Liu ◽  
Huahua Yin ◽  
Ding Liu
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
Medical Assistance ◽  
Treatment Unit ◽  
Care Workers

AbstractIn November 2014, a total of 164 health care workers were dispatched by the Chinese government as the first medical assistance team to Liberia. The tasks of this team were to establish a China Ebola treatment unit (ETU), to commence the initial admission and treatment of suspected and confirmed Ebola patients, and to provide public health and infection control training for relevant local personnel. Overall, during the 2-month stay of this first medical assistance team in Liberia, 112 Ebola-suspected patients presented to the ETU, 65 patients were admitted, including 5 confirmed cases, and 3 confirmed cases were cured. Furthermore, 1520 local people were trained, including health care workers, military health care workers, staff members employed by the ETU, and community residents. Most importantly, as the first Chinese medical assistance team deployed to Liberia fighting the Ebola virus on the frontline, not a single member of this team or the hired local staff were infected by Ebola virus. This highly successful outcome was due to the meticulous infection control initiatives developed by the team, thereby making a significant contribution to China’s ETU “zero infection” of health workers in Liberia. The major infection control initiatives conducted in the China ETU that contributed to achieving “zero infection” of all health workers in the ETU are introduced in this report. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:262–266)

scholarly journals The Influence of Infectious Diseases on Dentistry

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-231
Author(s):  
Anil Reddy ◽  
Shankar Gouda Patil ◽  
Raghunath Puttaiah
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Emerging Diseases ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Dentistry, predominantly a surgical field with frequent exposure to blood and body fluids, is a high-risk occupation with respect to occupationally acquiring infectious diseases. On the same note, patients are also at risk of being infected, if adequate infection control measures are not strictly followed. Traditionally, based on the routes of disease transmission, we can categorize diseases that are bloodborne, airborne and also through fomites. Within these traditional categories also fall the new and emerging diseases that have had serious public health consequences of morbidity and mortality. As a health care provider, dentists must understand the impact of these diseases, and strictly implement practical disease control measures during provision of dental care and reduce the spread within the clinical arena. Common diseases of public health concern that need to be addressed are bloodborne diseases, such as hepatitis A, E, B, C, D and G, HIV; respiratory diseases such as tuberculosis, influenza, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), AH1N1 influenza and immunizable childhood diseases. Apart from infection control measures, we must implement public health policy measures, such as immunization of current and prospective health care personnel (students in the dental profession) against immunizable diseases, utilize disease screening measures, postexposure disease control measures and utilize standard and additional precautions, the latter as required in certain instances.

scholarly journals TO ASSESS THE LEVEL OF CLEANLINESS, HYGIENE, AND INFECTION CONTROL PRACTICES IN PUBLIC HEALTH CARE FACILITIES.

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Vasundhara Aras
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Hand Wash ◽  
One Year

Method: This study is conducted at Primary, Secondary and Tertiary level of health care delivery centre of Indore district. Doctors, Staff Nurses, Housekeeping Staff, Staff Members, Beneficiaries (patient/relative). One year July 2010 - June 2011 Doctor Staff and Personnel involved in all selected centers were interviewed. 120 doctors, 56 nurses, 23 Housekeeping staff and 80 patients were selected for interviews & by method of Observation. Records view Hospital staff and patients interview record. Result: IMCHRC, BSBH, Manpur, Sanwer, Simrol, & Hatod has 80% of hospital cleanliness with 72% of segregation collection, storage & transportation of BMW. DH Indore has 70% of cleanliness and 72% of segregation collection, storage & transportation of BMW, whereas Depalpur has 70% & 68%, respectively. Total number of doctors in all facilities is 120. 75% &70% of Cleanliness and hygiene in procedure area and ambulatory & auxiliary area, respectively at IMCHRC, DH, BSBH Mhow. Sanwer & Hatod with 75% in both the areas by Depalpur 50%. Only Manpur and Simrol are with 100%. Conclusion: Knowledge attitude and practices regarding Infection Control, benefits of hand wash & 6 steps of Hand wash correct method of wearing and removing hand gloves, when to use & its types, making Chlorine Solution, Decontamination & Cleaning of Instruments, standard Precautions, Knowledge about Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and its practice among nurse and staff among all health care personnel is satisfactory. Keywords: Cleanliness, Public Health, Care & Infection.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document