Unusual Thoracic Tumours- A Concise Imaging Approach

Introduction: There are certain uncommon large thoracic masses sharing overlapping radiological features with commoner ones except few salient characteristic features. Diagnosing these uncommon tumours has practical implications for patient management and prognosis including obviating unnecessary surgeries. Aim: To demonstrate characteristic Computed Tomography (CT) features of large common and certain uncommon intra-thoracic masses Materials and Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional search was done in January 2020, from the archives of patients record in Radiology Department from December 2017 to January 2019 for intra-thoracic tumours. Those tumors or masses meeting inclusion criteria were analysed by two radiologists who were blinded about the histopathologic reports. A probable radiological diagnosis was made and it was later matched-up with the histopathologic reports to reach to a confirmed diagnosis. The unique CT features were separately tabulated and their p-value for a particular diagnosis was calculated using Fisher’s-exact test. Results: Out of total 23 cases studied, 12 bronchogenic carcinomas and 11 uncommon diagnoses including Solitary fibrous tumour, Synovial sarcoma, Pulmonary blastoma, Askin’s tumour, Schwannoma and Metastasis were found. Subtle rib erosion in Askin’s tumour (p-value=0.004), intra-tumoural vessels in Synovial sarcomas (p-value=0.0006) and intense enhancement in some non-bronchogenic tumours (p-value=0.0137) were found to be significantly associated features. Conclusion: When encountering an opaque hemithorax on chest radiograph and a large mass on CT, one should look for certain peculiar features of these unusual lung masses to suggest them as a differential diagnosis, as “Our eyes see only what our mind knows”.

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HEALTH LITERACY OF INDIVIDUALS UNDERGOING DIALYSIS THERAPY

Texto & Contexto - Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/1980-265x-tce-2017-0418 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 28 ◽

Author(s):

Jéssica Naylla de Melo Bezerra ◽

Sara Rebeca de Oliveira Lessa ◽

Marcelo Francisco do Ó ◽

Givaneide Oliveira de Andrade Luz ◽

Anna Karla de Oliveira Tito Borba

Keyword(s):

Health Literacy ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Functional Health ◽

P Value ◽

Functional Health Literacy ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

Independent Variables ◽

Adequate Health Literacy

ABSTRACT Objective: to assess the functional levels of health literacy in individuals undergoing dialysis. Method: a cross-sectional study with 42 patients of the Nephrology Unit of a public hospital in Recife, Brazil, from May to August 2016. Data were collected through scripted interviews and chart analysis. Functional health literacy was measured using the Brazilian version of the Short-Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS®) software, version 18.0, with a univariate analysis to verify the association between independent variables and functional health literacy levels using Fisher's exact test. Results: 80.9% of the patients presented inadequate health literacy and 19.1% presented adequate health literacy. The number of correct answers remained between 0-18 in the reading comprehension and in the scheduling appointment card. Among the independent variables, only marital status (p-value=0.018) and personal income (p-value=0.009) were factors associated with the worst scores in the test, indicating that these variables influence the increase in inadequate literacy. Conclusion: the prevalence of inadequate functional literacy was high, reflecting difficulties in understanding and processing health information, which may interfere with therapeutic management and self-care.

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HUBUNGAN PENGGUNAAN GADGET DENGAN PROKRASTINASI AKADEMIK PADA MAHASISWA NERS TINGKAT II STIKes SANTA ELISABETH MEDAN TAHUN 2019

Elisabeth Health Jurnal ◽

10.52317/ehj.v4i2.272 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 89-101

Author(s):

Samfriati S ◽

Lilis N ◽

Mercy N G

Keyword(s):

Nursing Students ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

P Value ◽

Academic Procrastination ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

Level Ii ◽

Questionnaire Result ◽

Long Time ◽

High Level

Academic procrastination is one of the postponement behaviors in lecture activities that are often found in students, in this study respondents experiencees a high level of procrastination that could hamper academic activities. One of the causes of procrastination is the use of gadgets that are too long to play games, music, entertainment and so on. Goals : The purpose of this study is to find out the relationship between the use of gadgets and academic procrastination onNursing Students level II Saint Elisabeth Medan 2019. Method : The study design is Cross Sectional. Total sampling technique sample are112 students. The measuring instrument used is a questionnaire. Result : The results shows that the majority of use of positive gadgets (92.9%) and moderate academic procrastination (63.4%). Based on the Fisher's Exact Test, it obtained p-value 0.026 (p <0.05), thus indicating a relationship between the use of gadgets and academic procrastination on nursing students level II STIKes Saint Elisabeth Medan. Conculsion: It is expected that respondents will be able to manage time well and not use gadgets for a long time for things that are not useful. Respondent s are expected to use gadgets for things that can support learning activities.

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Medical Student Syndrome: A Hypochondriacal Distress In Undergraduates– Verity Or Myth

Journal of Bahria University Medical and Dental College ◽

10.51985/jbumdc2019094 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 200-204

Author(s):

Sana Akbar ◽

Misbah Riaz ◽

Lalarukh Munawar ◽

Shazia Shakoor

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Engineering Students ◽

Health Anxiety ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Strong Relationship ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test

Objective: The purpose of this study was to correlate the hypochondriacal concerns related to diseases with level of anxiety and depression symptoms among medical and engineering undergraduates. Study design and Setting: Cross sectional study was conducted among undergraduates of final year students of BUMDC (Bahria University Medical & Dental College) and engineering students from NUST- PNEC (NUST – Pakistan Navy Engineering College). Methodology: In this study; (99) final year medical students and (92) engineering students were recruited. In order to maintain consistency of age, students aging between 21–26 years were selected. Selected students were handed to fill the required ‘Self-administered Questionnaire’ comprising of demographic details, short health anxiety inventory, medical history and DASS (depression, anxiety and stress scale) which were completed on-site. Data was entered in SPSS version 21 and analyzed using Fisher’s exact test. P value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Result: Out of 191 students in total from both the groups n=86 (45%) were females and n=105(55%) were males. There were 99 participants from MBBS and 92 from engineering. The participants’ ages ranged from 21-26 years with a mean= 23.95 (SD±2.29), both the cohorts belonged to approximately same age group. While assessing depression the responses were not very different for both the groups. When responses of depression scale were related to visits to psychiatrists or psychologist or psychotherapist a strong relationship was observed (p=0.012) in medical students cohort. Conclusion: The results of the study reflected comparable psychosocial strain at an elevated level among both student groups

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Analisis faktor kejadian wasting pada anak balita 12-59 bulan di Puskesmas Bulili Kota Palu: Studi cross sectional

AcTion Aceh Nutrition Journal ◽

10.30867/action.v6i2.345 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 111

Author(s):

Hepti Muliyati ◽

Menis Mbali ◽

Hadidja Bando ◽

Riana Pangestu Utami ◽

Opyn Mananta

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

P Value ◽

Fisher Exact Test ◽

Important Public Health Problem ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test

Wasting on children is an important public health problem because of its considerable impact on their health and growth. This problem could lead to iron deficiency which could induce infection disease and probably lower a child’s intelligence as a long-term effect. This study aimed to analyze factors related to wasting on 12-59 months children in Bulili Public Health Center (PHC), Palu City. The analytical descriptive study designed with a cross-sectional approach was applied in this study. One hundred and twenty-one subject was selected from 283 children with purposive sampling technique. Data were analyzed with chi-square and Fisher exact test with significant (p < 0,05). The result showed that most children with low birth weight experienced wasting with a p-value = 0,000. Most of the children from higher-income families did not experience wasting with a p-value = 0,004. Most children who didn’t receive breastfeeding milk did not experience wasting with a p-value = 0,958. This study concluded a correlation between low birth weight and income to wasting, but breastfeeding practice was not related.

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Correlation between Demographic Status and Nutritional Status against the Occurrence of Anemia toward Female Students in SMP Negeri 3 Kediri

STRADA JURNAL ILMIAH KESEHATAN ◽

10.30994/sjik.v9i1.274 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 111-118

Author(s):

Lumastari Ajeng Wijayanti ◽

Eny Sendra ◽

Ratih Novitasari ◽

Tanti Dwi Pujaningsih

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

Fisher's Exact Test ◽

Fisher’S Exact Test ◽

Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽

Smirnov Test

This research used cross sectional design. The population was 194 respondents and the sample was 54 respondents which are taken by using simple random sampling technique. Independent variable in this research was demographic status that was measured by questionnaire and nutritional status that was measured based on Body Mass Index (BMI). Meanwhile, dependent variable in this research was the occurrence of anemia that was measured by using spectrophotometry. Data analysis used Fisher's Exact test and Two-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test (α = 0,05). Result of Fisher's Exact test was obtained that p value = 1,000 > 0,05, which meant that there was no significant correlation between demographic status and the occurrence of anemia. Meanwhile, result of Two-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was obtained that p value = 0,017 < 0,05, which meant that there was a significant correlation between nutritional status and the occurrence of anemia.

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Aktivitas fisik berhubungan dengan kejadian obesitas pada anak Sekolah Dasar

Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics) ◽

10.21927/ijnd.2016.4(3).123-128 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 123

Author(s):

M Zamzani ◽

Hamam Hadi ◽

Dewi Astiti

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Elementary School ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Energy Output ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

Fisher's Exact Test ◽

Fisher’S Exact Test

ABSTRACTBackgrounds: The increasing prevalence of obesity is caused by imbalance between energy input to energy output. Physical activity in children both at school and at home plays an important role in determining the nutritional status of children, including the risk of obesity. Objectives: To determine the relationship between children physical activity with obesity in Ngebel Elementary School, Tamantirto Kasihan Bantul. Methods: This study was an observational study with cross sectional design. The study population is all children grades 3, 4, and 5 Ngebel Elementary School, Tamantirto Kasihan Bantul. These samples included 96 children who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria obtained with less total sampling technique. Weight children measured using digital bathroom scales to the nearest 0.1 kg and height was measured using the nearest 0.1 cm microtoice assisted by trained enumerators. Physical activity data were obtained using a physical activity questionnaire was adopted from previous studies. Nutritional status data is calculated using the WHO software Anthro 2005. Univariate analysis using frequency distribution and bivariate analysis using Fisher’s Exact Test. Data were analyzed using software statistic.Results: Results analisis showed physical activity had a significant relationship with the incidence of obesity in children, with p Value 0.015 (<0,05) with OR of 4.78 (95% CI: 1.36 to 16.82), in other words children who do moderate to severe activity ≤1 hour/day had 5 times higher chance to be obese than children with moderate to severe activity >1 hour/day.Conclusions: Physical activity has a significant association with obesity. KEYWORDS: physical activity, obesity, elementary school children ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Peningkatan prevalensi obesitas disebabkan oleh adanya ketidakseimbangan antara masukan energi dengan keluaran energi. Aktivitas fisik pada anak-anak baik di sekolah maupun di rumah berperan penting dalam penentuan status gizi anak, termasuk risiko terjadinya obesitas.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara aktivitas fisik dengan kejadian obesitas pada anak Sekolah Dasar Negeri Ngebel, Tamantirto Kasihan Bantul.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah semua anak kelas 3, 4, dan 5 SDN Ngebel, Tamantirto Kasihan Bantul. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 96 anak yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi diperoleh dengn teknik total sampling. Berat anak-anak diukur dengan menggunakan timbangan injak digital dengan ketelitian 0,1 kg, sedangkan tinggi badan diukur menggunakan microtoise dengan ketelitian 0,1 cm dibantu oleh enumerator terlatih. Data aktivitas fisik diperoleh menggunakan kuesioner aktivitas fisik yang diadopsi dari penelitian sebelumnya. Data status gizi dihitung dengan menggunakan software WHO Anthro 2005. Analisis univariat menggunakan distribusi frekuensi dan analisis bivariat menggunakan Fisher’s Exact Test. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan program software statistic.Hasil: Hasil analisis menunjukkan aktivitas fisik memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan kejadian obesitas pada anak dengan nilai p value 0,009 (<0,05) dengan nilai OR 5,69 (95% CI: 1,42-22,65), dengan kata lain anak yang melakukan aktivitas sedang-berat ≤1 jam/hari berpeluang 5 kali lebih besar untuk mengalami obesitas daripada anak dengan aktivitas sedang-berat >1 jam/hari.Kesimpulan: Aktivitas fisik memiliki hubungan secara bermakna dengan obesitas.KATA KUNCI: aktivitas fisik, obesitas, anak SD

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Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Ibu Tentang Pemberian MP-ASI dengan Kejadian Diare pada Anak Usia 6-24 Bulan

HEALTH CARE : JURNAL KESEHATAN ◽

10.36763/healthcare.v9i1.74 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 34-42

Author(s):

Alvian Merza Radi Putra ◽

Melania Wahyuningsih ◽

Fajarina Lathu

Keyword(s):

P Value ◽

Fisher Exact Test ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test

Diare lebih dominan menyerang anak-anak karena daya tahan tubuh anak-anak yang masih lemah. Faktor penyebab diare pada anak salah satunya pemberian MP-ASI oleh ibu. Dalam praktiknya pengetahuan ibu tentang pemberian MP-ASI masih minim. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat pengetahuan ibu tentang pemberian MP-ASI dengan kejadian diare pada anak usia 6-24 bulan Di Posyandu Padukuhan Pugeran Maguwoharjo Depok Sleman Yogyakarta. Jenis penelitian yaitu kuantitatif observasional analitik dengan rancangan penelitian Cross Sectional. Populasi penelitian ini ibu yang memiliki anak usia 6-24 bulan berjumlah 41 bulan Juli 2019 di Padukuhan Pugeran Maguwoharjo Depok Sleman Yogyakarta. Teknik Sampling menggunakan total sampling. Instrumen pengambilan data berupa kuisioner. Analisa data menggunakan Fisher Exact Test. Hasil menunjukkan ibu yang memiliki pengetahuan baik 28 orang (68,3%) sedangkan yang berpengetahuan cukup sebanyak 13 orang (31,7%). Anak yang tidak pernah mengalami diare dalam kurun waktu 3 bulan terakhir sebanyak 29 anak (70,7%) dan yang pernah mengalami diare dalam kurun waktu 3 bulan terakhir sebanyak 12 anak (29,3%). Didapatkan hasil nilai p value sebesar 0,419. Tidak ada hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan ibu tentang MP- ASI dengan kejadian diare pada anak usia 6-24 bulan di Padukuhan Pugeran Maguwoharjo Depok Sleman Yogyakarta.

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Kontribusi Karakteristik Ibu Terhadap kejadian Stunting Pada Anak Usia 24-36 Bulan Di Sleman Yogyakarta

JURNAL KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT ◽

10.47317/jkm.v12i02.191 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (02) ◽

Author(s):

Prastiwi Putri Basuki ◽

Triana Uminingsih

Keyword(s):

P Value ◽

Fisher Exact Test ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

Purposive Sampling

Stunting pada masa balita perlu mendapat perhatian khusus termasuk pada anak usia 24-36 bulan. Usia 24-36 bulan merupakan usia anak yang mengalami perkembangan pesat dalam kemampuan kognitif dan motorik. Banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya kejadian stunting pada anak, antara lain karakteristik ibu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kontribusi karakteristik ibu terhadap kejadian stunting pada anak usia 24-36 bulan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional yang dilakukan di Desa Sendang Mulyo Minggir Sleman Yogyakarta. Sampel yang diambil sebanyak 75 anak usia 24-36 bulan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Analisis data bivariat menggunakan Chi Square dan Fisher Exact Test dan analisis multivariat menggunakan regresi linier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan ibu (p value=0,000), pengetahuan ibu (p value=0,022) dan pemberian ASI Ekslusif (p value=0,011) yang artinya terdapat hubungan dengan kejadian stunting. Sedangkan status pekerjaan ibu (p value=0,217) tidak signifikan berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting. Berdasarkan analisis multivariat regresi linier menunjukkan hasil bahwa pendidikan ibu, status pekerjaan ibu, pengetahuan ibu tentang gizi, dan pemberian ASI Ekslusif bersama-sama mempunyai kontribusi terhadap kejadian stunting sebesar 88,2%. Perlu peningkatan program multisektoral dengan melibatkan semua lapisan masyarakat untuk mengurangi kejadian stunting.

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Prevalence of microalbuminuria and associated factors among HIV − infected ART naïve patients at Mulago hospital: a cross-sectional study in Uganda

BMC Nephrology ◽

10.1186/s12882-020-02091-2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Thomas Kiggundu ◽

Robert Kalyesubula ◽

Irene Andia-Biraro ◽

Gyaviira Makanga ◽

Pauline Byakika-Kibwika

Keyword(s):

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cd4 Count ◽

P Value ◽

Mulago Hospital ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

Increased Risk

Abstract Background HIV infection affects multiple organs and the kidney is a common target making renal disease, one of the recognized complications. Microalbuminuria represents an early, important marker of kidney damage in several populations including HIV-infected antiretroviral therapy (ART) naïve patients. Early detection of microalbuminuria is critical to slowing down progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD) in HIV-infected patients, however, the burden of microalbuminuria in HIV-infected antiretroviral therapy (ART) naïve patients in Uganda is unclear. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Mulago Immune suppression syndrome (ISS) clinic among adult HIV − infected ART naïve outpatients. Data on patient demographics, medical history was collected. Physical examination was performed to assess body mass index (BMI) and hypertension. A single spot morning urine sample from each participant was analysed for microalbuminuria using spectrophotometry and colorimetry. Microalbuminuria was defined by a urine albumin creatinine ratio (UACR) 30-299 mg/g and macroalbuminuria by a UACR > 300 mg/g. To assess the factors associated with microalbuminuria, chi-square, Fisher’s exact test, quantile regression and logistic regression were used. Results A total of 185 adult participants were consecutively enrolled with median age and CD4+ counts of 33(IQR = 28–40) years and 428 (IQR = 145–689) cells/μL respectively. The prevalence of microalbuminuria was 18.9% (95% CI, 14–25%). None of the participants had macroalbuminuria. CD4+ count <350cells/μL was associated with increased risk of microalbuminuria (OR: 0.27, 95% CI: 0.12–0.59), P value = 0.001). Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking, alcohol intake were not found to be significantly associated with microalbuminuria. Conclusion Microalbuminuria was highly prevalent in adult HIV − infected ART naive patients especially those with low CD4+ count. There is need to study the effect of ART on microalbuminuria in adult HIV − infected patients.

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HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DAN POLA ASUH ORANG TUA DENGAN KEMAMPUAN TOILET TRAINING PADA ANAK USIA TODDLER DI PAUD ASYIYAH 2 PROVINSI SULAWESI TENGAH

GEMA KESEHATAN ◽

10.47539/gk.v10i2.42 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Nurhayati Nurhayati

Keyword(s):

Toilet Training ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

Fisher's Exact Test ◽

Fisher’S Exact Test

Toilet training sangat penting dalam membentuk karakter anak dan membentuk rasa saling percaya dalam hubungan anak dan orang tua. Keberhasilan toilet training dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan dan pola asuh orang tua dalam mendorong anak mencapai tujuan yang diinginkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan pengetahuan dan pola asuh orang tua dengan kemampuan toilet training pada anak usia toddler di PAUD Asyiyah 2 Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Jenis penelitian ini adalah analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Populasi penelitian ini yaitu semua orang tua yang memiliki anak usia toddler di PAUD Aisyah 2 Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah sebanyak 32 orang. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah orang tua yang memiliki anak usia toddler di PAUD Aisyah 2 Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah sebanyak 32 orang dengan teknik pengambilan sampel total sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan Fisher’s Exact test. Hasil uji Fisher’s Exact didapatkan nilai p=0,000 dan nilai p=0,001 (p Value < 0,05), ini berarti secara statistik ada hubungan pengetahuan dan pola asuh orang tua dengan kemampuan toilet training pada anak usia toddler. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut disarankan bagi orang tua (ibu) yang menerapkan pola asuh kurang baik agar dapat merubah atau menerapkan pola asuh yang tepat kepada anaknya agar mampu melaksanakan toilet training dengan baik. Kata kunci : Pengetahuan, pola asuh, toilet training.

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