scholarly journals GANDHAKA RASAYANA PREPARATION AND ANALYSIS OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
Suyog D Vyas ◽  
Sudhir Deshpande
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Classical Method ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Spectrophotometric Analysis ◽  
Flame Photometry ◽  
Organoleptic Properties ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Rightward Shift

The aims and objectives are to prepare Gandhaka Rasayana by the classical method mentioned in Ayurved Prakash and to evaluate parameters for process standardisation of Gandhaka Rasayana. Shuddha Gandhaka obtained by Shodhan procedure was powdered. In the preparation of Gandhaka Rasayana Bhavana Sanskar is the key element. Gandhaka Rasayana is prepared by 67 bhavanas made by nine different Bhavya dravya and their Upkalpana. The powder of Shuddha Gandhaka, Kwath, Swarasa and Phanta were prepared by the classical method. Physicochemical analysis was performed keeping in view of standardisation aspects of formulation. Final product standardisation is a part of thorough process standardisation. There is change in organoleptic properties in the process of Gandhaka Rasayana formulation. Ash value increased and % sulphur decreased as number of Bhavana increases. There was a rightward shift in pH in the formulation of Gandhaka Rasayana. Gandhaka Rasayana is the abundant source of Potassium. Gandhaka Rasayana is a nine step chain reaction resulting in the final product. Fingerprint of every step of Gandhaka Rasayana can be measured or quantified with the help of total Ash value, % Sulphur and Spectrophotometric analysis. Thus these parameters help us in the process Standardisation of Gandhaka Rasayana. Parameters for final product standardisations of Gandhaka Rasayana are pH value and evaluation of minerals from Flame photometry.

PHASE EQUILIBRIUM IN THE AS2TE3-TM2TE3 SYSTEM.

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (8(77)) ◽  
pp. 65-68
Author(s):  
Teymur Mammad Ilyasly ◽  
Rahman Hasanaga Fatullazade ◽  
Zakir Islam Ismailov ◽  
Nigar Nadir Jafarova
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Differential Thermal Analysis ◽  
Phase Equilibrium ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Thermal Effects ◽  
Isothermal Annealing ◽  
Intermediate Phase ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Two Phases

The synthesis of alloys of the system was carried out stepwise in rotary furnaces. The synthesis mode was selected based on the physicochemical properties of the elementary components. For homogenization, the alloys were subjected to isothermal annealing at 750 and 1275 K, depending on the Tm2Te3 concentration, for 250 h after homogenization of the alloys, they were subjected to physicochemical analysis. The results of differential thermal analysis showed that reversible thermal effects are observed in the alloys of the system. In alloys in a 1: 1 ratio, a new intermediate phase is formed with a composition corresponding to the TmAsTe3 compound. The homogeneity area is observed in the concentration range 52.5-47.5. It was found that in the concentration range 98.5-52.5 Tm2Te3 there are two phases - a mixture of β and of the solid solution, and in the concentration range of 47.51 mol% Tm2Te3 phases and α are in equilibrium. ) 66 The eutectic has coordinates of 11.5 mol Tm2Te3 at a temperature of 575 K.

Using a Polymerase Chain Reaction as a Complementary Test to Improve the Detection of Dermatophyte Fungus in Nails

2014 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
María José Iglesias Sánchez ◽  
Ana María Pérez Pico ◽  
Félix Marcos Tejedor ◽  
María Jesús Iglesias Sánchez ◽  
Raquel Mayordomo Acevedo
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Classical Method ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Traditional Procedure ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Background Dermatomycoses are a group of pathologic abnormalities frequently seen in clinical practice, and their prevalence has increased in recent decades. Diagnostic confirmation of mycotic infection in nails is essential because there are several pathologic conditions with similar clinical manifestations. The classical method for confirming the presence of fungus in nail is microbiological culture and the identification of morphological structures by microscopy. Methods We devised a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) that amplifies specific DNA sequences of dermatophyte fungus that is notably faster than the 3 to 4 weeks that the traditional procedure takes. We compared this new technique and the conventional plate culture method in 225 nail samples. The results were subjected to statistical analysis. Results We found concordance in 78.2% of the samples analyzed by the two methods and increased sensitivity when simultaneously using the two methods to analyze clinical samples. Now we can confirm the presence of dermatophyte fungus in most of the positive samples in just 24 hours, and we have to wait for the result of culture only in negative PCR cases. Conclusions Although this PCR cannot, at present, substitute for the traditional culture method in the detection of dermatophyte infection of the nails, it can be used as a complementary technique because its main advantage lies in the significant reduction of time used for diagnosis, in addition to higher sensitivity.

scholarly journals Enhancing the mechanical properties and cytocompatibility of magnesium potassium phosphate cement by incorporating oxygen-carboxymethyl chitosan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changtian Gong ◽  
Shuo Fang ◽  
Kezhou Xia ◽  
Jingteng Chen ◽  
Liangyu Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Bone Cement ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Potassium Phosphate ◽  
Carboxymethyl Chitosan ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Magnesium Potassium Phosphate Cement

Abstract Incorporating bioactive substances into synthetic bioceramic scaffolds is challenging. In this work, oxygen-carboxymethyl chitosan (O-CMC), a natural biopolymer that is nontoxic, biodegradable and biocompatible, was introduced into magnesium potassium phosphate cement (K-struvite) to enhance its mechanical properties and cytocompatibility. This study aimed to develop O-CMC/magnesium potassium phosphate composite bone cement (OMPC), thereby combining the optimum bioactivity of O-CMC with the extraordinary self-setting properties and mechanical intensity of the K-struvite. Our results indicated that O-CMC incorporation increased the compressive strength and setting time of K-struvite and decreased its porosity and pH value. Furthermore, OMPC scaffolds remarkably improved the proliferation, adhesion and osteogenesis related differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. Therefore, O-CMC introduced suitable physicochemical properties to K-struvite and enhanced its cytocompatibility for use in bone regeneration.

SIGNIFICANT EFFECT OF PH ON PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS USING SEMICONDUCTOR CATALYSTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (8-3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Farhana Jaafar ◽  
Aishah Abdul Jalil ◽  
Sugeng Triwahyono ◽  
Adnan Ripin ◽  
Mohamad Wijayanuddin Ali
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Methyl Orange ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Effect Of Ph ◽  
Electrolysis Method ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Positively Charged

Photocatalytic is one of the inexpensive and non-toxic techniques for degradation of organic pollutants into harmless substances such as water and carbon dioxide. In this study, simple electrolysis method was used in preparation of Ag/TiO2 and α-Fe2O3/HY catalysts. The physicochemical properties of the catalysts were studied using XRD, FTIR, FESEM-EDX and surface area analysis. The pH of solution plays an important role in the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants which influences the surface-charge properties of the catalysts. Ag/TiO2 and α-Fe2O3/HY were used as catalyst on degradation of 2-chlorophenol (2-CP) and methyl orange (MO), respectively. The effect of pH on degradation of 2-CP and MO were investigated over a pH range from 2 to 9. Higher degradation of 2-CP and MO were obtained at pH 5 (74%) and pH 2 (80%), respectively. This finding might be explained by the amphoteric performance of the catalyst using point zero charge (pHZPC). The pHZPC for Ag/TiO2 and α-Fe2O3/HY was found to be at pH 6.3 and pH 7.2, respectively. Hence, the activities of the catalysts may have been affected by the existence of a strong electrostatic field between the positively charged catalysts surface and negatively charged 2-CP and MO caused a pH value lower than their pHZPC give greater degradation.

scholarly journals Computational Analysis for Physicochemical Properties of Compounds in Senna auriculata Leaves Methanolic Extract to have Antidiabetic Potentials and their Molecular Interaction with α-amylase

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-42
Author(s):  
Abdulaziz Bin Dukhyil
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Natural Compounds ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Carbohydrate Hydrolysis ◽  
Catalytic Active Site ◽  
Inhibitory Potential

Aims: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is chronic disorder well known for increased glucose level in blood. This disease can be controlled by inhibiting the enzyme (e.g., α-amylase) involve in carbohydrate hydrolysis. Senna auriculata leaves methanolic extract (SALME) have potential antidiabetic properties and it was also found to be safe in preclinical studies. In this study the aim was to explore the molecular interactions of α-amylase and bioactive compounds in SALME and their physicochemical properties. Methodology: Computational approach such as molecular docking and physicochemical analysis prediction was applied to understand the antidiabetic potential of natural compounds present in SALME. Results: The results showed from physicochemical analysis that out of 11 only 7 compounds are having drug like properties which are orally and intestinally better bioavailable. Furthermore, molecular docking analysis explained that three compounds (C3, C4, and C7) have lower binding energy, ΔG (-8, -9.1, -9.5 kcal/mol) and better binding affinity, Ki (7.31 x 105, 4.68 x 106, and 9.2 x 106 M-1, respectively) than the acarbose ΔG (-7.8 kcal/mol) and Ki (6.18 x 105 M-1), a well-known FDA approved medication for DM. The study also explained the binding pattern that the catalytic residue such as Asp197, Glu233 and Asp300 are involved in stabilizing the natural compounds with in the catalytic active site of target enzyme. Conclusions: From the results it has been concluded that these three compounds found in SALME have better inhibitory potential for α-amylase in comparison with acarbose. Further validation of the findings is required through molecular dynamics simulation, ADME-T study, and in-vitro enzyme inhibition by the purified compounds.

Variabilities of Surface Water Quality of Degraded Post-mining Areas in Bytom

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 318-331
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Czajkowska ◽  
Łukasz Gawor
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Water Hardness ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Mining Areas

In the paper there is presented an evaluation of variability of surface water quality (reservoirs and watercourses), on the area of degraded post-mining area in Bytom. The physicochemical analysis of water and compared with archival data obtained in 2009 and 2014. There were done analysis of following parameters: reaction, total content of substances dissolved in water, water hardness and the content of: Cl-, SO42-, HCO3-, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+, NH4+, NO3-, NO2-, PO4- ions as well as Fe and Mn. The examined surface waters were characterised by high content of solutes. Anions were dominated by chlorides, the sodium proved to be the dominating cation, the examined water samples were characterised by high concentration of sulphates. In all analyzed reservoirs, permissible concentrations of chlorides and sulphates were exceeded. In all sample points there was observed a decrease of pH value in long term period, the concentration of chlorides lowered, however concentrations of sulphates increased in the majority of sampling points.

scholarly journals Physicochemical properties of tropical forest top soil in relation to depth in western Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
B. Gautam ◽  
M. K. Chettri
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
National Park ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Resource Extraction ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Top Soil

Information on soil properties with regards to forest soil-depth are important for sustainable management of forest. The present study investigated the physicochemical properties of the top soil (0−30cm depth) in the three forests, viz. i) the Terai Shorea Forest (Bardia National Park), ii) the Evergreen Riverine Forest (Bardia National Park) and iii) the Puraina CF (Kailali district) of western Nepal. In the tropical forests of western Nepal, the soil texture is, moreover, loamy sand to sand. The soil bulk density ranged from 1.33−1.63 gm cm-3, and slightly increased with the increase in the soil-depth. The soil pH value ranged from 5.77−7.36. The soil organic carbon, total nitrogen (N), available phosphorus (P), and available potassium (K) were found to be in the ranges of 0.54−1.64%, 0.04−0.14%, 4.84−31.72 kg ha-1, and 204.35−557.44 kg ha-1, respectively, and all these values decreased with the increase in the soil-depth in both the forests of the protected area; however, this decreasing trend of the soil nutrients with the increase in the soil-depth was not observed in the Puraina CF as the values of the soil nutrients were lower within 0−10cm in the CF. The soil nutrients with all the depths were found to be the highest in the Terai Shorea Forest. The lower values of the soil nutrients in the Puraina CF were the result of resource extraction.  

Diagnosis of White Spot Defects Drived from Gear Wheel Carbonization and its Corresponding Measures

2011 ◽  
Vol 418-420 ◽  
pp. 760-764
Author(s):  
Hong Li Liu ◽  
Ming Xi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Gear Wheel ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
White Spot ◽  
Vacuum Carburizing ◽  
Ultrasonic Cleaning ◽  
Carbonization Process ◽  
Grinding Burn

To account for the adverse effects of white spot defects onto the performance of gear wheel, physicochemical properties are studied based on the conducted surface carbonization experiment. Further, the geneses for white spot defects are discussed and the solutions to this problem are also clarified. It is found from the physicochemical analysis that the white spot defects occurred on gear surface can be classified into two parts: a) the ‘single white spot’, which originates from the sick point produced during the carbonization process, and b) the ‘multiple continuous spots’, which are produced by either the non-uniformity surface carbonization or the grinding burn or otherwise the micro ecarbonization caused by overheat on gear surface. For different white spot defects, different strategies should be employed: ultrasonic cleaning technique should be performed for the single white spot case, while for the ‘multiple white spot’ case, not only should the vacuum carburizing technique be employed to avoid surface non-uniformity of carbonization, but also vacuum oil quenching are needed to clear up the defects induced by micro decarbonization.

scholarly journals Effect of Arthrospira Microalga Fortification on Physicochemical Properties of Yogurt

2020 ◽  
pp. 531-540
Author(s):  
Wanida Pan-utai ◽  
Jariya Atkonghan ◽  
Tipakorn Onsamark ◽  
Wachiraya Imthalay
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fermented Milk ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Food Ingredient ◽  
Fresh Biomass ◽  
Green Microalga

Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis, a blue-green microalga, is a rich source of organic nutrients. Microalgae are used as food supplements with enhanced nutritional and functional values. Consumption of fermented milk products such as yogurt has recently increased. Both oven-dried and fresh Arthrospira biomass supplemented into yogurt at different concentrations of 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5% (w/v) and 1, 5, and 10% (v/v), respectively improved physicochemical properties. Arthrospira supplemented in yogurt fermentation gave faster decrease in pH value with green color index of finished yogurt. Oven drying is a convenient method; however, fresh biomass gave similar nutritional value with higher C-phycocyanin content. During storage, pH, titratable acidity, and color of yogurt showed negligible variations. Results indicated that Arthrospira increased both nutritional composition and functional properties of yogurt as a natural food ingredient.

scholarly journals Pharmacognostical & physicochemical Analysis of Musta-Triphaladi Avalehya, used in the management of Thalassemia Major

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalawana OTMRKSB ◽  
Harisha C R ◽  
Rajagopala S ◽  
Patel K S ◽  
Kori V K
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Thalassemia Major ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Microcytic Anemia ◽  
Microscopical Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Hypochromic Microcytic Anemia ◽  
Blood Disorder ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
The World

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) Thalassemia is the most prevalent genetic blood disorder in the world. Thalassemic patients are suffering from hypochromic, microcytic anemia due to the early excessive destruction of red blood cells. Due to the complications and incompleteness of modern medical management of the disease, need arises of some adjuvant therapy like Ayurveda. Hence present study was carried out to standardize the finished product of Musta-triphaladi Avaleha, an Ayurveda formulation which is used in the management of Thalassemia Major, to conform its identity, quality and purity. The finished product was used for the pharmacognostical study; organoleptic characteristics and microscopical study of the Musta-triphaladi Avaleha by showing characteristic features of hat all ingredients used were genuine and all were found in the finished product too. Physico-Chemical Parameters of Musta-Triphaladi Avaleha were found as pH value 6.0, ash value 0.142 g and Acid insoluble ash was 0.193 % w/w 

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