scholarly journals Protective Role of Rockect Seed (Eruca sativa) Extract against Monosodium Glutamate-induced Hepato-renal Toxicity in Male Rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ehab Tousson ◽  
Afaf El-Atrash ◽  
Yosra Karson
Keyword(s):  
Renal Damage ◽  
Renal Toxicity ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Background and Objective: Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is identified as an Accent that is used in the food industry as a flavour enhancer with an umami taste that intensifies the meaty, savoury flavour of food. The present study aimed at evaluating the protective and ameliorative role of rocket seeds extract against monosodium glutamate-induced hepatic renal toxicity and oxidative stress in the male rat. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 male adult albino rats were equally divided into six groups (G1, Control; G2, rocket seeds (RS); G3, ACCENT or MSG; G4, Co- treated (RS+MSG); G5, Post- treated (MSG+RS); G6, Self-treated MSG).  Results: Current results revealed that; a significant increase in serum ALT, AST, ALP, AFP, Urea, Creatinine, potassium ions, chloride ions, cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, and LDL levels in MSG as compared to control and RS groups. In contrast; a significant decrease in serum albumin, total proteins, catalase, GSH and SOD in liver and kidney homogenates in MSG as compared to control and RS groups. Co- or post-treatment of MSG with rocket seeds improved this change in liver and kidney functions, with best results for co-treatment than post and self-treatment. Conclusion: These findings suggested that the misuse of monosodium glutamate may contribute to continuous hepatic and renal damage. This shows that the desired dose of monosodium glutamate can safely be used with grapes seed in improving hepatic and renal damage in monosodium glutamate in young rats.

scholarly journals Role of Oats in Ameliorating Hepatic and Renal Toxicity Induced by Acute Lead Nanoparticles in Male Rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-45
Author(s):  
Sarah Alashmouni ◽  
Afaf El- Atrash ◽  
Manar Kandeel ◽  
Ehab Tousson
Keyword(s):  
Renal Damage ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Organ Systems

Aims: Lead is well known environmental pollutant, which can cause toxic effects in multiple organ systems. Lead originates from various industrial and/or household sources, and enters the body through food and fluid intakes, as well as by inhalation. No sufficient information present about the toxic effect of acute lead nanoparticles on kidney and liver. Accordingly, current study was performed to study the therapeutic effects of Oats extract towards the injection of lead nanoparticles (Pb NPs) in rat induced kidney and liver damage by increasing kidney and liver functions, and electrolytes. Study Design:  A total of 40 male adult albino rats were equally divided into four groups (Control group, Oats group, Pb NPs group as acute toxicity and last group is Pb NPs +Oats). Results: Current results revealed that; a significant increase in the levels of serum aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), urea, creatinine, potassium and chloride ions after injection with Pb NPs as compared to control group. In contrast; a significant decrease in serum albumin, total proteins, and sodium ions in Pb NPs as compared to control groups. Treatment of Pb NPs with Oats improved this change in liver and kidney functions as compared to Pb NPs group. Conclusion: These findings suggested that; lead nanoparticles injection induced hepatic and renal damage. This shows that the desired dose of Pb NPs can safely be used with Oats in improving hepatic and renal damage in toxic group in young rats.

scholarly journals Amitriptyline Induced Alterations in Liver and Kidney Functions and Structures in Male Rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Fathy A. M. Atta ◽  
Ehab Tousson ◽  
Noha A. Dabour ◽  
Ahmed A. Massoud ◽  
Ahmed F. Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressant ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Mental Health Issue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Membrane Pump ◽  
Mitochondrial Functions ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Aims: Depression is a mental health issue that starts most often in early adulthood and it is a common and recurrent disorder causing significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Amitriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant that is known to inhibit the presynaptic reuptake of serotonin, norepinephrine, and inhibitor of mitochondrial functions and induces apoptosis in several tissues. This study aims to identify the changes in liver and kidney structure and functions after treatment of male rats with Amitriptyline drugs. Materials and Methods: A total of 20 male albino rats were randomly and equally divided into 2 groups (G1, control group that included animals that did not receive any treatment during the experimental period. G2, Amitriptyline (Tryptizol; El Kahira Pharm And Chem Ind Co) group in which rats were injected intraperitoneally with Amitriptyline (100 mg/kg body weight/daily) for four weeks). Results: The current results revealed that; Amitriptyline treatments significantly (P <0.05) increased the levels of serum ALT, AST, ALP, urea, creatinine, sodium ions, chloride ions and liver  and kidney damages as compared to control. In contrast; a significant (P <0.05) decrease in albumin, and total protein, potassium ions and calcium ions in Amitriptyline group was reported when compared with control group. Conclusion: Amitriptyline has many side effects on rat liver and kidney, it induced liver and kidney toxicity and tissue injury were it metabolized to nortriptyline which inhibits the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin almost equally. Amitriptyline inhibits the membrane pump mechanism responsible for uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin in adrenergic and serotonergic neurons.

Physiological and Histological Study to the Effects of Monosodium Glutamate in Laboratory male Rats and the protective role of vitamin E

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Genan Musheer Ghaib AL-Khatawi ◽  
Mohammed R S AL-Attabi ◽  
Ali Fayadh Bargooth
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Very Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Liver And Kidney

The current study was conducted at the Department of Biology, College of Science, Wasit University to investigate physiological and histological effect monosodium glutamate in laboratory male rats, preventive role of vitamin E. This study was carried out in Laboratories of College of Science, Wasit University, AL- Shaheed Dr. Fairooz Hospitals, from November 2017 to April 2018.The study included twenty-four and divided into four groups (six rats per group). the first group severe as a control group orally dosed with distilled water, and treated the second group (100 mg/kg b.w. Monosodium glutamate for 30 days, and the third group were dosed orally 200 mg/kg of b.w. for 30 days, either The fourth group were dosed with a mixture of Monosodium glutamate 200mg/kg and vitamin E 100 mg/kg of body weight for 30 days. after the trial period has been sacrificing animals for testing and chemical standards physiological and histological. As are result of by exposure to Monosodium glutamate in blood serum are negatively biochemical whole height of the level of serum cholesterol, triglycerides, Low-density lipoprotein, very- low density lipoprotein, liver enzymes, AST, ALT, ALP, creatinine level, urea serum, further more we noticed a decrease in high density lipoprotein. The preventive treatment resulted in vitamin E 100mg/kg b.w. with Monosodium glutamate 200 mg/kg b.w. (p≤ 0.05) in body weight and relative weights of organs (liver and kidney). We noticed a higher moral when treatment with vitamin E with Monosodium glutamate 100 mg/kg in high- density lipoprotein, while serum cholesterol level decrease, triglycerides, Low-density lipoprotein, very- low density lipoprotein. And liver and kidney functions have improved by low Enzyme AST, ALT, ALP, creatinine and urea serum level. Histological examination revealed that the liver and kidneys, of rats exposed 100, 200 mg/kg of Monosodium glutamate has been adversely affected by exposure to Monosodium glutamate. Whereas, the histological of the liver of animals treated with vitamin E with Monosodium glutamate natural pictures showed improvement. These results demonstrate that MSG toxic effects on the liver and kidney tissue. The more toxic than salt rate too. The study recommends to avoid using MSG as food additives and food for animals because of the toxic effects of this salt.

scholarly journals ABHRAK BHASMA AND SiO2 INFLUENCED FREE RADICAL STATUS IN LIVER AND KIDNEY OF CCl4-INDUCED ACUTELY INTOXICATED MALE ALBINO RAT

2020 ◽  
pp. 40-43
Author(s):  
PARASHURAM B TELI ◽  
ARUNA A KANASE
Keyword(s):  
Renal Toxicity ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Renal Protection ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Albino Rat ◽  
Concurrent Treatment ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Dose Dependent

Objective: The objective of the study was to study the mechanism of action of abhrak bhasma-mediated liver and kidney protection in CCl4-induced acute hepatotoxicity-induced male albino rats. Action of abhrak bhasma is compared with the action of SiO2 in similar experimental conditions to differentiate the role of silicon. Methods: Male albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) were used for experiments. The acute hepatotoxicity was induced by daily dose of CCl4 (3.0 ml/kg body wt for 7 days consecutive). Concurrent treatment of abhrak bhasma in graded doses (10, 20, 30, and 40 mg) was given for 7 days (PO). SiO2 (10, 20, 30, and 40 mg) in graded doses was also given in independent groups of rats as silica control. Lipid peroxidation (LPO) in liver and kidney was studied by malondialdehyde (MDA) estimations as parameter of toxicity and also to study protection. Results: CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity (MDA levels) is partially managed by low doses of SiO2 but not by high doses. Abhrak bhasma hepatoprotective activities were dose dependent. A 40 mg dose maintained normal levels of LPO. Abhrak bhasma also protected associated renal toxicity. Conclusion: Abhrak bhasma protected CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity and also associated renal toxicity. Silicon from both SiO2 and abhrak bhasma is hepatoprotective in 10 ml doses (10 and 20 mg) but silicon processed in abhrak bhasma by traditional Ayurvedic processes increased its potency and hepatoprotection and added the potency of renal protection.

scholarly journals Protocatechuic Acid Abrogates Oxidative Insults, Inflammation and Apoptosis in Liver and Kidney Associated With Monosodium Glutamate Intoxication in Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rami B. Kassab ◽  
Abdulrahman Theyab ◽  
Ali O. Al-Ghamdy ◽  
Mohammad Algahtani ◽  
Ahmad H. Mufti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protocatechuic Acid ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Apoptotic Marker ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Cellular Capacity ◽  
Gene Expression Levels

Abstract Monosodium glutamate (MSG), a commonly used flavor enhancer, has been reported to induce hepatic and renal dysfunctions. In this study, the palliative role of protocatechuic acid (PCA) in MSG-administered rats was elucidated. Adult male rats were assigned to four groups, namely control, MSG (4 mg/kg), PCA (100 mg/kg), and the last group was co-administered MSG and PCA at aforementioned doses for seven days. Results showed that MSG augmented the hepatic (AST and ALT) and renal (urea and creatinine) functions markers as well as glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL levels. Moreover, marked increases in MDA levels accompanied by declines in GSH levels and notable decreases in the activities of SOD, CAT, GPx, and GR were observed in MSG-treated group. The MSG-mediated oxidative stress was further confirmed by down-regulation of Nfe2l2 gene expression levels in both tissues. In addition, MSG enhanced the hepatorenal inflammatory response as witnessed by increased inflammatory cytokines (IL-1b and TNF-α) and elevated NF-κB levels in both tissues. Further, significant increases in Bax (pro-apoptotic biomarker) levels together with decreases in Bcl-2 (anti-apoptotic marker) levels were observed in MSG administration. Hepatic and renal histopathological screening supported the biochemical and molecular findings. On the contrary, co-treatment of rats with PCA resulted in remarkable enhancement of the antioxidant cellular capacity, suppression of inflammatory mediators and apoptosis. These effects are possibly endorsed for activation of Nrf-2 and suppression of NF-kB signaling pathways. Collectively, addition of PCA counteracted MSG-induced hepatic and renal injurious effects through modulation of oxidative, inflammatory and apoptotic alterations.

scholarly journals Hormonal Physiological Changes of Testis Resulting From Exposure to Vinyl Cyanide and the Possible Protective Role of β-cryptoxanthin in Male Rat

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-174
Author(s):  
Nura I. Al-Zail
Keyword(s):  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Endocrine Parameters ◽  
Aliphatic Nitrile

Vinyl cyanide (VCN) is an aliphatic nitrile product which is extensively used in various synthetic chemical industries. VCN is known to exert toxic actions to human beings as well as experimental animals. The present study was designed to examine the ability of β-cryptoxanthin, a naturally occurring antioxidant, to attenuate VCN-induced testicular toxicity in adult albino rats. Daily oral administration of VCN at a dose level of 30 mg/kg b.w. (7.2mg/ animal) to male rats for a period of 5 days significantly reduced the levels of serum testosterone (T), androsterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) which indicates injury to the testis function. Compared to VCN-treated animals, pretreatment with β-cryptoxanthin and its co-administration with VCN once daily at a dose of 40 mg/kg b.w. (9.6mg/ animal) for 30 days induced a remarkable degree of improvement in the levels of endocrine parameters including T, androsterone, FSH and LH. In conclusion, the present results clearly demonstrate the protective role of β-cryptoxanthin against VCN-induced physiological changes in the testis of rats.

scholarly journals The Role of Vitamin C in Amelioration of Hepatorenal Toxicity of Cefotaxime in Adult Albino Rats (Histological Study)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (A) ◽  
pp. 845-848
Author(s):  
Maha Al Sammak ◽  
Rana M. Ahmed ◽  
Nadwa Alazzo
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Renal Tubules ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Group 2

AIM: Antibiotics have a great risk property, for this reason, the present work aimed to study the toxic effect of cefotaxime on histological examination of liver and kidney tissues as well as to detect the protecting role of Vitamin C. METHODS: Thirty-two male adult albino rats were divided into four groups each with (eight animals) as following: Group (1): As control group and they injected with normal saline. Group (2): They were injected with 200 mg/kg B.W. of cefotaxime. Group (3): They were injected with Vitamin C in dose 100 mg/kg B.W. 1 h before they inject with 200 mg/kg B.W. of cefotaxime. Group (4): It was given Vitamin C in dose of 100 mg/kg B.W. Animals in all groups were injected intraperitoneally as single daily dose for 14 consecutive days. RESULTS: Results of cefotaxime treated group revealed that a significant liver tissue changes as hepatocytic vacuolation, necrosis, cholestasis with sinusoidal congestion, and dilatation also induced a histopathological change in the kidney including tubular epithelial degeneration, cast formation in renal tubules, inflammatory cells infiltration in the interstitium, and few glomeruli showed eosinophilic material deposition at the wall of bowman capsule. Adding Vitamin C to third group induces amelioration in the histological features of liver and kidney seen in Group (2) while group of Vitamin C only showed a histological picture similar to control group. CONCLUSION: From this study, we can conclude that Vitamin C has important hepato-renal protective effect.

The protective role of luteolin against the methotrexate-induced hepato-renal toxicity via its antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects in rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 096032712199190
Author(s):  
AA Dar ◽  
A Fehaid ◽  
S Alkhatani ◽  
S Alarifi ◽  
WS Alqahtani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Toxicity ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Apoptotic Effects

Methotrexate (MTX) is frequently used drug in treatment of cancer and autoimmune diseases. Unfortunately, MTX has many side effects including the hepato-renal toxicity. In this study, we hypothesized that Luteolin (Lut) exhibits protective effect against the MTX-induced hepato-renal toxicity. In order to investigate our hypothesis, the experiment was designed to examine the effect of exposure of male rats to MTX (20 mg/kg, i.p., at day 9) alone or together with Lut (50 mg/kg, oral for 14 days) compared to the control rats (received saline). The findings demonstrated that MTX treatment induced significant increases in the liver and kidney functions markers in serum samples including Aspartate transaminase (AST), Alanine transaminase (ALT), creatinine, urea and uric acid. MTX also mediated an oxidative stress expressed by elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) level and decreased level of reduced glutathione (GSH), antioxidant enzyme activities, and downregulation of the Nrf2 gene expression as an antioxidant trigger. Moreover, the inflammatory markers (NF-κB, TNF-α, and IL-1β) were significantly elevated upon MTX treatment. In addition, MTX showed an apoptotic response mediated by elevating the pro-apoptotic (Bax) and lowering the anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2) proteins. All of these changes were confirmed by the observed alterations in the histopathological examination of the hepatic and renal tissues. Lut exposure significantly reversed all the MTX-induced changes in the measured parameters suggesting its potential protective role against the MTX-induced toxicity. Finally, our findings concluded the antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects of Lut as a mechanism of its protective role against the MTX-induced hepato-renal toxicity in rats.

scholarly journals Effect of Testosterone on Lead Acetate Toxicity in Male Albino Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-120
Author(s):  
Nazar Mohammed Shareef Mahmood ◽  
Sarkawt Hamad Ameen Hamad ◽  
Dlshad Hussein Hassan ◽  
Karwan Ismael Othman
Keyword(s):  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Toxic Substance ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Central Vein ◽  
Cell Degeneration ◽  
Group I ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Adverse Influence

The toxicity of lead acetate (L. A.) concerned to public health disruptor due to its persistence in the environment and it has the adverse influence on the human and animal health as well. It causes physiological,biochemical, and neurological dysfunctions in humans. Histologically it has a negative effect on the liver which is considered one of the major target organs where acts as detoxification machine by elimination the toxic substance from the blood in rich with it.  As well as it affects kidneys that are the two of the most filtering organs. Therefore the present study was aimed to investigate the histopathological effect of L.A. on liver and kidney tissues in male rats. Twenty male rats involved in the study were equally and randomly divided into two groups each of them involved 10 animals. Group I (castrated rats) and Group II (control) each group received 80mg/L of lead acetate dissolved in one liter distilled water by drinking for 15 days. Histological sections showed some alterations including abnormal architecture, cell degeneration, nuclear degeneration, hyperchromatic hepatocytes, immune cells, degeneration in tubules, dilation in sinusoids, dilation in central vein of liver increased bowman's space glomerular atrophy degeneration of tubular cells in liver and kidney tissues of rats in castrated rats from control group. But the size of degenerated tissue was more severe in castrated male rats. It was concluded that the castration process could produce a hypogonadism and decreased testosterone which owns many receptors in kidney and liver may produce adverse influence with L.A. administration.

scholarly journals Biochemical and Molecular Studies on the Role of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) Extract in Reducing Liver and Kidney Toxicity Due to Etoposide in Male Rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Majd Almakhatreh ◽  
Ezar Hafez ◽  
Ehab Tousson ◽  
Ahmed Masoud
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Calcium Ions ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Potassium Ions ◽  
Sodium Ions ◽  
Total Proteins ◽  
Kidney Toxicity ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Aims: Etoposide (Vepesid) is chemotherapeutic drugs that inhibit topoisomerase II activity and long been used for treatment of human malignancies, where it is a semi-synthetic compound derived from the plant Podophyllum peltatum. The current study was designed to investigate the possible protective effect of rosemary extract against Etoposide -induced changes in liver and kidney functions, and DNA damage in rats. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 male Wistar albino rats were divided randomly into four groups (1st group was control; 2nd group was treated with rosemary, 3rd group was received etoposide, and 4th & 5th groups was co- and post treated groups respectively). Results: The administration of Etoposide revealed a significant increase in serum ALT, AST, ALP, creatinine, urea, potassium ions, chloride ions, and DNA damage. In contrast; a significant decrease in albumen, total proteins, sodium ions, and calcium ions were when compared with control group. This increased in ALT, AST, ALP, creatinine, urea, potassium ions, chloride ions, and DNA damage was reduced after administration of rosemary when co-treated with etoposide (G4), or post-treated after etoposide  (G5) for four weeks with lowest damage in G4. Also, this decreased in albumen, total proteins, sodium ions, and calcium ions was increased after administration of rosemary when co-treated with etoposide (G4), or post-treated after etoposide (G5) for four weeks with lowest damage in G4. Conclusion: It could be concluded that rosemary has a promising role and it worth to be considered as a natural substance for protective the liver and kidney toxicity induced by etoposide (Vepesid) chemotherapy.

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