Potential of Five Local Plant as Protectant against Hide Beetle, Dermestes maculatus Degeer Infesting Dry Cat Fish; Clarias gariepinus Burchell

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
A. Jatau ◽  
Q. Majeed ◽  
M. A. Yahaya ◽  
M. B. Sokoto
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Piper Guineense ◽  
Dermestes Maculatus ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Plant Powders ◽  
Local Plant ◽  
Dried Fish

Efficacy of varying amounts of five selected local plant namely : Balanite aegyptiaca, Eugenia aromatica, Piper guineense, Ocimum gratisimum, and Ziziphus mauratania against the mortality, oviposition, progeny emergence and  weight loss of dried fish due to infestation by  Dermestes maculatus was studied under ambient conditions. The plant were pulverised into powders and applied as 2.0, 4.0 and 6.0 g per 50 g of dried fish. Three pairs of newly emerged adults by  were inoculated into each of the treated fish in a beaker, arranged in a Complete Randomized Design  in the laboratory. The result showed all the plant powders tested evoked significant mortalities of adults at the highest concentration (6) after 3 and 7 days of post-treatment when compared with untreated control. The rate of oviposition was drastically suppressed by all plant powders, especially at higher concentration.  The number of adults emerged were significantly lower than control at (p>0.05).  Similarly, all the plant's powders significantly prevented weight loss at highest concentration after 12 weeks of post-treatment periods. These results have shown that tested plants demonstrated potential ability against adults hide beetle infesting dried fish.

Piper guineense: A potent ethnobotanical preservative against Dermestes maculatus in smoke-dried African catfish, Clarias gariepinus

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Omosowone Olajumoke
Keyword(s):  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Fine Powder ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Plastic Container ◽  
Piper Guineense ◽  
Dermestes Maculatus ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Dried Fish

Piper guineense fruits were purchased, sun-dried (30±2oC) for 10 days and ground into fine powder. Fifteen (15) pieces of Clarias gariepinus (300 ± 5.0 g) were procured and smoke-dried in the laboratory using a charcoal-powered smoking kiln at 65oC for 10 hours. Each smoke-dried fish sample was placed in a plastic container with perforated lids covered with muslin cloth and Piper guineense fruit meal was sprinkled at varying quantities (0.0 g, 2.5 g, 5.0 g, 7.5 g and 10.0 g). Ten (10) adults of Dermestes maculatus bred from highly infested smoke-dried fish samples were introduced into each container and covered air-tight for seven (7) days. Mortality of D. maculatus was significantly different (p = .05) in all treatments and increased with an increase in the quantity of P. guineense and number of days. Mortality ranged between 73.33 and 100 % in treated groups while none was recorded in the control. Chemical compositions in treatments showed an increase in crude protein, lipids and lower moisture content at higher inclusion levels. This study showed that P. guineense can prolong the shelf-life of smoke-dried C. gariepinus against D. maculatus while retaining its nutritional composition. Key words: Dermestes maculatus, Piper guineense, smoke-dried, Clarias gariepinus

PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND LARVICIDAL EFFECT EVALUATION OF AZADIRACHTA INDICA (L) LEAF EXTRACT ON DERMESTES MACULATUS (DE GEER, 1774) INFESTATION OF SMOKED CLARIAS GARIEPINUS (BURCHELL, 1822)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
Sadam Sulaiman Indabo ◽  
Rufai Zakari
Keyword(s):  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Range Finding ◽  
Dermestes Maculatus ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Initial Source

Dermestes maculatus is a major pest of stored fish in Nigeria, fish is preserved with highly persistent synthetic chemicals. There have been an increasing effort at developing plant-based toxicants that are environmentally friendly. Therefore, this study was conducted to screen the leaf extract of Azadirachta indica for phytochemical constituents. The efficacy of the methanolic leaf extract of the plant against D. maculatus was also evaluated. The leaves of A. indica were obtained, processed and taken to laboratory for methanolic extraction. Phytochemical screening was carried out to identify saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, steroids, cardiac glycosides, glycosides, triterpenes and carbohydrates using standard procedure.  Both clean and infested samples of smoke-dried Clarias gariepinus were purchased from Sabon Gari Market, Zaria. The infested samples were used as initial source of D. maculatus larvae. Range finding test was carried out prior to the bioassay. During the bioassay, clean un-infested fish samples were weighed and introduced into kilner jars and respective dosages of 0.2g, 0.4g, 0.6g and 0.8g of extract were added. Another set of fish samples without the extract were maintained as control. The experiment was arranged in Completely Randomized Design with three replicates. Fifteen larvae of D. maculatus were introduced into both treated and control containers and covered. Mortality was recorded after 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. Data obtained revealed an increase in mortality with increasing dose and time. Mortality ranged from 1.67 to 11.00. Therefore, leaf extract of A. indica should be incorporated in the development of larvicide against D. maculatus.   

scholarly journals Bio-efficacy of Clerodendrum capitatum (Willd) Schumachet. Thonn. (Lamiales: Verbenaceae) against Dermestes maculatus De Geer, 1774 (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) larvae infestation on smoked catfish Claria gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) (Siluriformes: Clariidae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacobs Mobolade Adesina ◽  
Adeolu Rufus Jose ◽  
Yallappa Rajashekar
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Harvest Management ◽  
Plastic Container ◽  
Dermestes Maculatus ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Leaf Powder

Studies were conducted under ambient condition to assess the efficacy of Clerodendrum capitatum (Willd) Schumachet. Thonn. (Lamiales: Verbenaceae) against larvae infestation and adult emergence of Dermestes maculatus De Geer, 1774 (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) on smoked dried catfish Claria gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) (Siluriformes: Clariidae). The leaf powder was admixed at 2.5 g, 3.0 g, 4.0 g and 5.0 g/15 g to disinfected smoke-dried catfish Clarias gariepinus separately in a 125 mL plastic container. Ten newly emerged (0-72 h) larvae of D. maculatus were introduced into each of the plastic containers. Efficacy of Clerodendrum capitatum was assessed based on percentage larval mortality, adult emergence reduction and weight loss. Results showed that the plant powder cause significantly (p < 0.05) larval mortality compared to the untreated fish at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h post infestation. Percentage reduction of adult emergence was not significant (p > 0.05) in treated fish samples compared to untreated sample. While fish sample protected with powder of Clerodendrum capitatum, exhibit significant (p < 0.05) low weight loss as against weight loss observed in untreated fish. The efficacy of Clerodendrum capitatum is inversely proportional to increase in dosage rate. This study clearly demonstrated the larvicidal potential of Clerodendrum capitatum powder in offering effective protection against infestation and damage by D. maculatus and recommended for utilization in integrated post-harvest management strategies of smoke-dried fish.

Pengaruh ovaprim, aromatase inhibitor, dan hipofisa terhadap kualitas telur ikan Lele Dumbo (Clarias gariepinus)

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erwin A. Aziz ◽  
Ockstan Kalesaran
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Aromatase Inhibitor ◽  
Fish Larvae ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Hatching Eggs

This study aimed to determine the effect of ovaprim hormone, aromatase inhibitor and pituitary on the quality of the catfish eggs (Clarias gariepinus). Experimental Design used was Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments, each with three replications. Treatment A: ovaprim; treatment B: Aromatase inhibitors, treatment C: hypophysis and treatment D: Control. The results showed that the difference in treatment gave highly significant effect on fertilization and hatching eggs but no significant effect on the survival rate of larvae. Aromatase inhibitor hormone was the best because it provided highly significant effect on fertilization (92.66%), hatchability of eggs (95%), and surviva rate (81.33%) of fish larvae.   Keywords : Clarias gariepinus. Ovaprim, Aromatase Inhibitor, Hypophysis, egg, larvae

Hydrothermic Treatment Effects on Some Ripening Changes on Mango Fruits (Mangifera indica L) Crillo de Bocado' during Storage: I. Physical Parameters

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 520d-520
Author(s):  
Oswaldo Valor ◽  
Juan E Manzano
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
High Storage Temperature ◽  
High Storage ◽  
Green Stage

Mango fruits `Criollo de Bocado' harvested at the mature-green stage were treated with a hydrothermic treatment of 55 °C for 3 min and stored for 20 days to temperatures of 10 ± 2, 15 ± 2, and 28 ± 2 °C. A randomized design 2 × 3 × 4 with three replications was used. Physical parameters such as color (L*, a*, b*), firmnness, and fresh weight loss were studied. Results reported that mango fruits stored at 10.2 and 15.2 °C showed the highest firmness values. Skin color changed very fast during the first storage days, while pulp color required more time to achieve mature ripe color. Fresh weight loss tended to increase with storage time and with high storage temperature. The lowest storage temperture retarded softening in mango fruits and firmnness reached the highest values.

PERCEPATAN PENGOMPOSAN TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT (TKKS) DENGAN PEMBERIAN UREA (Acceleration Composting Empty Fruit Bunches (Efb) With The Application Of Urea)

AgriPeat ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (02) ◽  
pp. 113-124
Author(s):  
Journal Journal
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Organic N ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Compost Application ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Total P

                                                                                                                                   ABSTRAK Kelapa sawit merupakan tanaman perkebunan yang memegang peranan penting dalam industri pangan. Luas perkebunan kelapa sawit di Indonesia pada tahun 2014 mencapai 10 juta Ha. Pertumbuhan yang pesat diikuti dengan produksi crude palm oil (CPO) dan palm karnel oil (PKO) yang juga meningkat, sekaligus produk sampingan berupa limbah. Salah satu limbah pabrik kelapa sawit yang jumlahnya besar adalah tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS). Tandan kosong kelapa sawit merupakan limbah organik yang berpotensi dimanfaatkan dibidang pertanian. Akan tetapi, TKKS memiliki nilai C/N yang cukup tinggi, akibatnya sukar dan lama untuk terdekomposisi. Salah satu cara pemanfaatan TKKS adalah dengan dilakukan pengomposan dengan pengkayaan urea. Diharapkan dengan perlakuan tersebut TKKS akan cepat terdekomposisi dan dapat segera dimanfaatkan oleh tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengetahui pengaruh pemberian urea terhadap pengomposan TKKS dan (2) mengetahui pengaruh peningkatan dosis urea terhadap kualitas kompos TKKS. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktor tunggal dengan 5 perlakuan, yaitu U1 (urea 0 g setara dengan nilai C/N=), U2 (urea 30,9 g setara dengan nilai C/N=), U3 (urea 79,3 g setara dengan nilai C/N=), U4 (urea 176,1 g setara dengan nilai C/N=) dan U5 (urea 466,3 g setara dengan C/N = ) dan 9 ulangan, sehingga diperoleh 45 satuan percobaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pemberian urea berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap susut bobot, kadar air, nilai pH kompos, C-organik, N-total, P-tersedia, dan nilai C/N, selain itu pemberian urea mengakibatkan terjadi perubahan tekstur dan warna pada kompos TKKS. Pemberian dosis urea 466,3 g mampu meningkatkan kandungan N-total, serta menurunkan nilai C/N dan nilai pH kompos. Pemberian dosis urea 79,3 g atau setara dengan C/N = mampu meningkatkan kandungan P-tersedia dan kadar air, menurunkan susut bobot dan kandungan C-organik, serta menunjukan perubahan tekstur dan warna yang lebih baik. Kata kunci: tanda kosongkelapa sawit (TKSS), kompos, urea                                                                                                                                        ABSTRACT Empty fruit bunches (EFB) is a solid wastes produced in large quantity from palm oil industry. Empty fruit bunches can be used as compost material, additionally difficult to decompose because it contain cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, as well as value of ratio C/N is high. Use EFB as compost material through the provision of urea has been done in this research. Urea are expected to reduce the value of ratio C/N and became a starter for microbial decomposers. The purpose of this research were (1) to determine the effect of urea on composting of EFB and (2) to determine the effect of increasing doses of urea to the quality of compost of EFB. This research was used a single factor of Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 treatments, namely U1 (urea 0 g), U2 (urea 30,9 g), U3 (urea 79,3 g), U4 (urea 176,1 g), and U5 (urea 466,3 g), and 9 replications, until result 45 experimental units. The result showed that urea significant effect on weight loss, water content, value of pH compost, C-organic, N-total, P-available, and value of ratio C/N, besides urea resulted Widodoe, K. dkk Percepatan Pengomposan Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit…..…. 114 in a change in texture and color on the compost EFB. Application of urea 466,3 g was able to increase the content of N-total, reduce the value of ratio C/N and the value of pH compost. Application of urea 79,3 g can improve the content of P-available and water content, reduce the weight loss and the content of C-organic, and showed the changes in texture and color as better. Keywords: empty fruit bunches, compost, urea

scholarly journals Efektivitas Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula Indigenous Terhadap Pertumbuhan Stek Pucuk Gosale (Syzygium Malaccense (L.) Merr & L.M Perry)

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-216
Author(s):  
Steffani Silferansti Tak ◽  
Irdika Mansur ◽  
Prijanto Pamungkas
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seedling Quality ◽  
New Production ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Root Shoot Ratio ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Local Plant ◽  
Height Increase ◽  
Inoculation Treatment ◽  
Amf Inoculation

Gosale (Syzygium malaccense (L.) Merr. & L.M.Perry) that belongs to the Myrtaceae family is one of the leading local plant species grown in Halmahera, North Maluku. Some problems in gosale breeding such as limited seed availability, low seed production due to seasonal fruiting and the nature of seeds that can not be stored for a long period (recalcitrant), suggest an alternative new production technique through a vegetative propagation (shoot cutting). Moreover, Improved seedling quality can be attempted by AMF inoculation, in which AMF at shoot cuttings play a role in initiating the formation of adventive roots. This study was conducted for 9 months using completely randomized design (CRD) with indigenous AMF inoculation treatment. The results showed that gosale cuttings that planted with indigenous AMF inoculation were effective at all observed variables. Inoculum AMF inoculated without the addition of host plant Pueria javanica at gosale shoot cuttings suggested the best treatment. The treatment of inoculum AMF from Kusumadehe (M1) obtained the best result in the variable of plant height increase, dry weight of shoot, dry weight of root, root shoot ratio), and seedling quality index. While the treatment of Inoculum AMF from Soakonora revealed the highest result in the variable of plant diameter increase and AMF colonization.Keywords: gosale, shoot cuttings, AMF, Pueraria javanica, West Halmahera

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document