scholarly journals Anatomical Evaluation of Mandibular Bone Cortex in Patients with Mucopolysaccharidosis: A Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Cledinaldo Lira Junior ◽  
Diego Henrique Pires Gonçalves ◽  
Kamilly de Lourdes Ramalho Frazão ◽  
Sandra Aparecida Marinho ◽  
Sérgio Henrique Gonçalves De Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Panoramic Radiograph ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Mandibular Bone ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Control Study

Aims: To evaluate the mandibular bone cortical of patients with mucopolysaccharidosis on panoramic radiograph, through radiomorfometric indices. Study Design: Case-control study. Place and Duration of Study: Sample: Department of Diagnostic Imaging of the Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campus VIII, in the city of Araruna, PB, between January and December of 2015. Methodology: Panoramic radiographs of sixteen patients with mucopolysaccharidosis and 32 controls, organized by gender and age, composed the sample. The mandibular panoramic index, gonial index, antegonial index and mental index were evaluated. Pearson's Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test and Mann-Whitney test were used to statistical analysis with a level of significance of 5.0%. Results: Mucopolysaccharidosis patients were mostly female (62.5%), with a mean age of 12.31 + 7.16 years, MPS VI (50.0%) being the most prevalent. Patients with mucopolysaccharidosis had higher values in the gonial (1.86+0.48), the antegonical (4.36+1.24) and the mental (5.24+1.21). However, only the antegoniac index presented a significant difference (P=0.047). Conclusion: The antegoniac index was higher in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis and the other radiomorphometric measures were similar to those observed in the control group. Apparently, mucopolysaccharidosis is not related to decreased bone to mandibular quality.

scholarly journals CHARACTERS, DETERMINANTS, AND ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CHRONIC ANEMIA AND ATRIAL FIBRILLATION: CASE–CONTROL STUDY

2019 ◽  
pp. 192-196
Author(s):  
HAIDER SHAHEED MOHAMMED
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chronic Anemia ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

Objective: The objective of this study was carried out to study the characters, determinants of anemia among atrial fibrillation (AF) patients and to estimate the link between chronic anemia and AF. Methods: This is a case–control study, administrated in Al-Hussein Teaching Hospital among admitted patients in the cardiac care unit from 1st week of January 2018 to the last week of April 2019. A random sample of 100 patients was included in the study based cut of time, where a special form of inquiry sheet was constructed to gather data and it was reviewed and revised by matter experts for testing the validity and enrichment of it. Both cases of AF and control with sinus rhythm were divided into anemic and non-anemic, anemia is defined as hemoglobin <13 and <12 in male and female, respectively. A Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version (25) was used for data analysis. Descriptive statistics Chi-square Fischer exact test, and ANOVA tests of significance, correlation and logistic regression analysis had been estimated where p<0.05 was set as statistically significant. Results: A total of 100 individuals had been included in the study, 50 cases with AF and 50 control with mean of age was 62.74003±13.424 years 58 females with 42 males, total non-anemic was 57 while total anemic was 43, 74.4% of AF cases was anemic while 25.6% of control group was anemic, there was statistically significant difference between cases and control according to the presence and absence of anemia where p<0.05. Conclusion: The first study done in the region to prove the direct relation of anemia on incident AF, thus in conclusion, chronic anemia had a relation with AF.

scholarly journals Predictors of Death in Severe COVID-19 Patients at Millennium COVID-19 Care Center in Ethiopia: A Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Endalkachew H. Maru ◽  
Tigist W. Leulseged ◽  
Ishmael S. Hassen ◽  
Wuletaw C. Zewde ◽  
Nigat W. Chamesew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Case Control ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
P Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Control Study

ABSTRACTBackgroundAs the number of new cases and death due to COVID-19 is increasing, understanding the characteristics of severe COVID-19 patients and identifying characteristics that lead to death is a key to make an informed decision. In Ethiopia, as of September 27, 2020, a total of 72,700 cases and 1165 deaths were reported.ObjectiveThe study aimed to assess the determinants of death in Severe COVID-19 patients admitted to Millennium COVID-19 Care Center in Ethiopia.MethodsA case-control study of 147 Severe COVID-19 patients (49 deaths and 98 discharged alive cases) was conducted from August to September 2020. A comparison of underlying characteristics between cases (death) and controls (alive) was assessed using a chi-square test and an independent t-test with a p-value of <0.05 considered as having a statistically significant difference. Multivariable binary logistic regression was used to assess a statistically significant association between the predictor variables and outcome of Severe COVID-19 (Alive Vs Death) where Adjusted Odds ratio (AOR), 95% CIs for AOR, and P-values were used for testing significance and interpretation of results.ResultsHaving diabetes mellitus (AOR= 3.257, 95% CI= 1.348, 7.867, p-value=0.00), fever (AOR=0.328, 95% CI: 0.123, 0.878, p-value= 0.027) and Shortness of breath (AOR= 4.034, 95% CI= 1.481, 10.988, p-value=0.006) were found to be significant predictors of death in Severe COVID-19 patients.ConclusionsThe outcome of death in Severe COVID-19 patients is found to be associated with exposures to being diabetic and having SOB at admission. On the other hand, having a fever at admission was associated with a favorable outcome of being discharged alive.

scholarly journals Association of Interleukin-6-174 G/C Gene Promotor Polymorphism with Rheumatoid Arthritis in Adolescence Age Group: A Case-control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergei Egorovich Khalchitsky ◽  
Marina Vanikovna Sogoyan ◽  
Alexei Nicolaevich Kozhevnikov ◽  
Sergei Valentinovich Vissarionov ◽  
Alexei Georgievich Baindurashvili
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
European Population ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Control Study

Introduction: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease with unknown pathogenesis. The disease is multifactorial, however, the exact causes of the occurrence, as well as the targets of the autoimmune process, are unknown. Genes candidate for a predisposition to RA are cytokine genes. Of the cytokines, IL-6 is considered a key mediator of systemic and localized inflammation in RA. Aim: The comparative analysis of the frequency distribution of alleles and genotypes IL-6 -174G/C polymorphism in patients with RA and in the control group to determine the genotype most characteristic of this disease. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was conducted in a group of 136 children with RA aged 14 to 18 years. In the control group, there were 143 practically healthy children of similar age without RA and orthopedic pathology. Both groups were tested for polymorphism IL-6 -174G/C using real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (real-time PCR). The results were statistically processed using the Pearson's Chi-square test. Results: The distribution of -174G/C genotypes in the IL-6 gene is significantly different in patients with RA when compared with the control group. In patients with RA, heterozygous carriers of -174G/C (52.94%) prevail, while in the control group the most numerous group are homozygous carriers of -174G/G (40.56%). Conclusion: As a result of this study, it was possible to identify significant differences in the distribution of the genotypes -174 G/C polymorphism in the IL-6 gene between patients with RA and subjects of the control group. In relation to the European population of the Russian Federation, this polymorphism can serve as a diagnostic marker in the study of the pathogenesis of RA.

scholarly journals Is There a Relation between ABO Blood Groups and Clinical Outcome in Patients with Pemphigoid? A Case-Control Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sedigheh Bakhtiari ◽  
Parviz Toosi ◽  
Somayyeh Azimi ◽  
Nafiseh Esmaili ◽  
Ali Montazami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Abo Blood Groups ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Group B ◽  
Control Study

Background.Relationship between blood groups and dermatologic diseases remains controversial and was not yet fully elucidated nor explained clearly. The aim of this study was to examine if any relation exists between different types of pemphigoid diseases and ABO blood group.Methods.In this case-control study, 159 pemphigoid patients and 152 healthy matched-controls were evaluated. All blood group (including Rh status) data for the study was obtained from the hospital medical records. Statistical comparisons were completed with chi-square test and logistic regression.Results.Blood group “O” was found in 32.9% of patients and 38.2% of control group. Blood group “A” was found among 30.8% of patients and 34.2% of control group, while group “B” was reported in 27.4% of cases and 21.1% of controls and “AB” was identified among 8.9% of patients and 6.6% of control group. 84.9% of patients were Rh positive, while in the control group 86.2% of patients were Rh positive. No significant differences were found regarding ABO blood groups (P=0.46) or Rh (P=0.76) between pemphigoid patients and control group. Also, older females had the higher risk of developing bullous pemphigoid.Conclusion.We found no relationship between ABO blood groups and pemphigoid disease.

scholarly journals PERILAKU PENCEGAHAN PENYAKIT TERHADAP KEJADIAN SKABIES PADA SANTRI DI PONDOK PESANTREN AL-FALAH PUTERA BANJARBARU

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Anna Maulina Kustantie ◽  
Kurnia Rachmawati ◽  
Musafaah Musafaah
Keyword(s):  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Control Study

ABSTRAKSkabies adalah penyakit kulit menular yang disebabkan oleh infestasi Sarcoptes scabies. Perilaku kesehatan mencakup yang termasuk perilaku untuk tidak menularkan penyakit kepada orang lain. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan perilaku pencegahan penyakit terhadap kejadian skabies pada santri di pondok pesantren Al-Falah Putera Banjarbaru. Metode penelitian adalah retrospektif (case control study), pada santri berasrama di pondok pesantren Al-Falah Putera Banjarbabaru. Responden dibagi dalam 2 kelompok yakni kelompok kasus (n=36) dan kelompok kontrol (n=36). Instrumen yang digunakan berupa kueisioner perilaku pencegahan penyakit skabies. Hasil penelitian didapatkan perilaku pencegahan penyakit skabies dengan cara tidak bertukar pakaian dan alat sholat dalam kategori baik yaitu sebanyak 52 santri (72,2%), tidak bergantian handuk dalam kategori baik adalah sebanyak 59 santri (81,9%), dan menjaga kebersihan tempat tidur dalam kategori baik yaitu sebanyak 52 santri (72,2%). Hasil uji Chi Square terkait perilaku pencegahan penyakit skabies dengan cara tidak bertukar pakaian dan alat sholat, tidak bergantian handuk, dan menjaga kebersihan tempat tidur p=0,792, p=1,000, p=0,066 secara berurutan.Kata-kata kunci : perilaku pencegahan penyakit, skabies, santri. ABSTRACTScabies is a contagious skin disease caused by infestations of Sarcoptes scabies. Health promotion behavior including of disease prevention behaviors which means avoiding disease transmission. The objective of this study was to determine the relationships between disease prevention behaviors and scabies incidence on students at saAl-Falah Putera’s boarding school Banjarbaru. The methods of this study was a retrospective study (case control study), toward the boarding students at the boarding school Al-Falah Putera’s Banjarbabaru. Respondents were divided into 2 groups: the case group (n = 36) and control group (n = 36). The instrument used in the form of a questionnaire the behavior of scabies disease prevention. The result of this study showed that behavioral scabies prevention of disease by not exchanging clothes and prayer tools in both categories as many as 52 students (72.2%), not alternating towels in both categories are as many as 59 students (81.9%), and maintain the cleanliness of the beds in both categories as many as 52 students (72.2%). The Results of Chi Square test related to scabies disease prevention behaviors by not exchanging clothes and tools prayer, not alternating towel and maintain the cleanliness of the bed showed p= 0.792, p= 1.000, p= 0.066 respectively. Keywords: disease prevention behaviors, scabies, students.

scholarly journals DETERMINANTS OF DEPRESSION IN FEMALE ADOLESCENTS AND YOUTH

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (01) ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
SAIRA AFZAL ◽  
TASNEEM FATIMA RANA ◽  
SHAHID MEHMOOD
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Female Adolescent ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Psychosocial Determinants ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Child Bearing ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Control Study

Introduction: Adolescents and youth are the main human resource for a nation. Depression is a grave yard for hopes and prosperity making the generation sad, inactive, and having suicidal thoughts. Thus every effort should be made to create awareness and eliminate depression from our youth. Objective: To find out the psychosocial determinants of depression in female adolescent and youth. Design: Case control study. Place and duration: Lahore cant urban area, from March, 2007 to July, 2007. Material and methods: It was a community based case control study. Total 400 young females were selected. 200 cases of depression and 200 in the control group. An interview schedule including a structured, pre-tested and bilingual questionnaire was used after taking consent. SPSS and Epi info were used for data analysis. Chi square test was applied. Results: In this study the depression in adolescent and young females had statistically significant relationship with unemployment, underage marriage, early child bearing, infertility, violence, sexual harassment(p<0.05). The family history of psychiatric ill ness in first degree relatives had no statistically significant association with depression in these females (p>0.05). Conclusion: The statistically significant psychosocial determinants of depression in young and adolescent females should be rectified by creating awareness in the society

Anatomopathologic Subtypes of Endometrial Carcinoma: Case-Control Study of 122 Cases. Epidemiology and Ultrasound

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. CMO.S367
Author(s):  
T Perez-Medina ◽  
V Engels ◽  
F Salazar ◽  
B Bueno ◽  
L Sanfrutos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Carcinoma ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Endometrial Thickness ◽  
Myometrial Invasion ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Qualitative Variables ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Control Study

Objective To determine the epidemiological and sonographic characteristics of patients with endometrial carcinoma of endometrioid and non-endometrioid subtype to analyse if any differences can be observed between the groups. Study design A case-control study was performed considering 122 patients with endometrial carcinoma where 96 (78.69%) had endometrioid carcinomas (controls) and 26 (21.31%) had non-endometrioid carcinomas (cases). Epidemiological, clinical, and sonographic variables (endometrial thickness and sonographic suspicion of myometrial invasion of the tumour) were analysed. Qualitative variables were studied with the Chi-square test and the Fisher's exact test and quantitative variables with the t test. A value of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Tumours of the non-endometrioid type are observed in older patients (p = 0.003) and frequently show a higher sonographic tumoral invasion (p = 0.0036). Conclusions This study supports previous observations that non-endometrioid endometrial carcinomas present at older ages and provides new data that non-endometrioid carcinoma more frequently show sonographic images compatible with myometrial invasion.

HUBUNGAN ANTARA USIA, PARITAS, PEKERJAAN DAN INDEK MASSA TUBUH DENGAN KEJADIAN PROLAP ORGAN PANGGUL BERDASARKAN SKOR PELVIC ORGAN PROLAPSE QUANTIFICATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Ermawati Ermawati ◽  
Hafni Bachtiar
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Organ Prolapse ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Pelvic Organ ◽  
Case Control ◽  
T Test ◽  
Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Control Study

Prolap organ panggul merupakan kondisi yang mempengaruhi kualitas hidup wanita. Prolaps organ panggul ini dapat disebabkan oleh perlukaan sewaktu proses persalinan, proses penuaan, komposisi jaringan pada seorang wanita, batuk- batuk kronis, atau sering melakukan pekerjaan berat. Pengenalan dini prolaps terkait dengan prognosis pemulihan anatomik dan fungsional organ panggul. Hingga kini, penerapannya dalam dunia klinis belum banyak sehingga pelatihan dan pembelajaran lebih lanjut tentang pelvic organ prolapse quantification (POPQ) jelas diperlukan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode case control study di polikilinik Obgin RSUP. Dr. M. Djamil Padang mulai bulan September 2013 sampai jumlah sampel terpenuhi sebanyak 98 orang. Dengan 49 orang kelompok kontrol dan 49 orang kelompok kasus .Analisis dilakukan untuk menilai hubungan usia, paritas, pekerjaan dan indek massa tubuh dengan kejadian prolap organ panggul berdasarkan skor POPQ. Data disajikan dalam bentuk tabel. Data diuji dengan t test dan chi square test. Jika p<0,05 menunjukan hasil yang bermakna. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara usia dengan kejadian prolap organ panggul dengan (p<0,05) dan OR 27,871.terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara paritas dengan kejadian prolap organ panggul dengan (p<0,05) dan OR 52,970.Dari analisa statistik pekerjaan tidak bisa di uji secara statistik.indek massa tubuh tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna terhadap kejadian prolap organ panggul.(p>0,05)

scholarly journals Analisis Faktor Fetus dan Tali Pusat terhadap Risiko Asphyxia Perinatal di Surakarta

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Siti Lestari ◽  
Dyah Dwi Astuti ◽  
Fachriza Malika Ramadhani
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Fetal Position ◽  
Control Study

Asfiksia perinatal merujuk pada kekurangan oksigen selama persalinan, sehingga berpotensi menyebabkan kematian dan kecacatan. WHO memperkirakan  4 juta anak terlahir dengan asfiksia setiap tahun, dimana 1 juta di antaranya meninggal dan 1 juta anak bertahan hidup dengan gejala sisa neurologis yang parah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor risiko fetal dan tali pusat pada asfiksia neonatal.Penelitian dilakukan di lakukan di RS Dr Moewardi Surakarta dengan pendekatan  quantitative retrospective case control study. Data diambil dari rekam medis antara  tahun 2013-2018. Penelitan ini melibatkan  264 neonatal yang terdiri dari 88 kelompok kasus dan 176  kelompok control. Kelompok kasus adalah bayi dengan diagnosa  asfiksia yang  dilakukan analisis terhadap faktor risiko fetal, sedangkan bayi yang tidak mengalami asfiksia dijadikan  kelompok kontrol. Hasil analisis statistik uji Chi-Square dan Fisher Exact ditemukan bahwa  kelahiran prematur (OR 2,07 CI 95% P 0,02), persalinan dengan tindakan (OR 3,61 CI 95% P 0,00), berat bayi (OR 2,85 CI 95% P 0,00), posisi janin (OR 2,37 CI 95% P 0,05), tali pusat ( QR 3,071 CI 95%  P 0,01)  berisiko terhadap insiden asfiksia perinatal. Air ketuban yang bercampur meconium (OR 1,51 CI 95% P 0,16) tidak memiliki risiko  dengan Asfiksia perinatal. Kesimpulan: Risiko terhadap insiden asfiksia perinatal  meliputi kelahiran prematur, persalinan dengan tindakan, berat bayi, posisi janin,  dan tali pusat.Perinatal asphyxia refers to a lack of oxygen during labor, which has the potential to cause death and disability. WHO estimates  4 million children born with asphyxia each year, in  which 1 million dies and 1 million survive with severe neurological sequelae. This study aims to analyze fetal and umbilical risk factors in neonatal asphyxia.This research is a quantitative retrospective case-control study, which was conducted at The Dr. Moewardi  hospital,  Surakarta. Data was taken from  medical records from 2013-2018. The case group was patients diagnosed  asphyxia, while those who did not experience asphyxia were treated as a control group.  A total of 264  samples, consisting of 88 case group respondents and 176 control group respondents. Statistical analysis Chi- Square and Fisher Exact found that preterm birth (OR 2.07 CI 95% P 0.02), labor with instrument or complication (OR 3.61 CI 95% P 0.00), infant weight (OR 2.85 CI 95% P 0, 00), fetal position (OR 2.37 CI 95% P 0.05), umbilical cord (QR 3.071 CI 95% P 0.01) are at risk for the incidence of perinatal Asphyxia. The amniotic fluid mixed with meconium (OR 1.51 CI 95% P 0.16) has no risk with perinatal asphyxia.The risk factors of incidences of perinatal asphyxia were  preterm birth, labor with instrument or complication, baby weight, fetal position and umbilical cord. 

scholarly journals The association of male infertility with telomere length: A case control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-332
Author(s):  
Kate Deepali Rajesh ◽  
Puranam Vatsalaswamy ◽  
Manvikar Purshotam Rao
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Sperm Telomere Length

To study the relevance of sperm telomere length and infertility in men. : Our case-control study included twenty-five males in couple with sub-fertility/infertility (test group) and twenty five healthy males (control group) with proven paternity in the age group 25 to 35 years. The Absolute Sperm Telomere length (aSTL) was measured by real-time PCR. We investigated whether any significant difference in the aSTL value existed between the groups and analysed the relationship between aSTL and other sperm parameters.The mean (SE) aSTL recorded in the infertile cases was significantly shorter than for the control group being 140.60 (6.66) Kb/genome and 239.63 (12.32) Kb/genome respectively (p &#60;0.001) A weak correlation was eminent between aSTL kb/genome and the total sperm count mil/ml (rho= 0.04, p - 0.86), progressive sperm motility (rho= - 0.02, p=0.934) and sperm viability (rho= - 0.07 p=0.741) in the infertile group. The measurement of aSTL by real-time PCR is a simple and rapid method that offers further paramount information with respective to the quality of sperm. It is befitted for epidemiological studies, hence opening new perspectives in the evaluation of male infertility. Limitations - Our study was confined to men aged between 25 and 35 years. Further comparative studies are needed to explore the significance of STL and infertility in older males. Additional studies will help illumine the significance of aSTL as a prognostic biomarker in assisted reproduction.

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