scholarly journals Economic Consequences of Population Morbidity

2021 ◽  
pp. 90-99
Author(s):  
Artem Viktorovich Petrov ◽  
Mariia Vital’evna Panova ◽  
Vladislav Rimovich Varshavskij ◽  
Inessa Makedonovna Kalyakina ◽  
Arni Irawaty Djais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Productive Force ◽  
The One ◽  
Spread Of Infection ◽  
The Impact

In the modern world, the morbidity of the population plays an important role in the dynamics of economic processes. On the one hand, significant government expenditures on providing the necessary medical care and medicines to citizens directly or indirectly affect the dynamics of budget expenditures. On the other hand, state guarantees for financial support of citizens during their disability are also a costly budget item. Finally, global disasters such as pandemics certainly damage the economies of entire states in particular and the world as a whole. The purpose of the work is to consider the features of the economic consequences of population morbidity. According to the results of the study, it should be concluded that the morbidity of citizens of any country is always the reason for the state's expenses for their treatment and rehabilitation. At the same time, it is quite profitable for the state that citizens again acquire the necessary working capacity, since this directly affects the amount of taxes received by the state Treasury. At the same time, favorable working conditions significantly reduce the morbidity of the population and the occurrence of disability, which also, while reducing the cost of treatment and restoring the health of citizens, contributes to maintaining an appropriate level of taxation. However, the morbidity of the population – the main productive force of any country-can be associated with the development of various kinds of epidemics and pandemics, when the spread of infection partially paralyzes the economy. Outbreaks of infectious diseases can easily cross borders and threaten economic stability. The current outbreak of human coronavirus (COVID-19) is a reminder of this threat. The constant adaptation of microbes, as well as their ability to develop and become resistant to antibacterial and antiviral agents, ensures that infectious diseases will continue to be a constant and ever-changing economic threat. Consequently, the assessment of these threats is important to inform households, governments and businesses about potential economic shocks as a result of outbreaks of infectious diseases. The purpose of the study is to determine the degree of economic consequences of population morbidity in the modern world. The objectives of the study should include: - identification of the impact of population morbidity on the economy of a country; - analysis of the scale of economic consequences for countries as a result of the spread of infectious diseases; - assessment of the possibility of reducing the negative impact of population morbidity on the economy of countries.

Features of financial and legal regulation of public relations in the context of mitigating economic consequences in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 670-677
Author(s):  
Anna V. Savina
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Impact

The relevance of this study is due to the fact that in the modern world, including Russian, law and order, a special mechanism of “anti-crisis regulation” is being transformed, which in the context of a pandemic has be-come heterogeneous, with a permanent convergence of the norms of private and public law. Proceeding from the fact that anti-crisis regulation is pre-dominantly part of the state policy in a particular area, it is proposed to un-derstand that the epidemiological crisis itself is the starting point for other crisis phenomena (financial, demographic and other crises), the prevention or reduction of the impact of which is the most important task of any state. We consider the relevant aspects of crisis management. We analyze the catego-ries of countercyclical and pro-cyclical regulation, investigated the issues of fiscal policy. We pay attention to behavioral economics and the role of the state in its functioning. We note that the directions of spending budget funds in one way or another depend on the behavioral economy, which is not al-ways manageable. We provide an analysis of the concept of “choice architecture” in the aspect of a “push” decision-making mechanism, in which a special role is assigned to the state. We emphasize the growing importance of financial programs to support small businesses or citizens wishing to become individual entrepreneurs, self-employed.

scholarly journals EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING AND FILLING OF THE REVENUE BASE OF THE STATE BUDGET OF UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitalii Znamenskyi
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Preparation Process ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Strategy Formation ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Effective Functioning ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

The outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic has become, without exaggeration, another challenge for humanity, which is of a global nature. On the one hand, we are talking about the ability to quickly and effectively determine the nature of the causative agent of the next disaster and develop appropriate methods and drugs for treatment. On the other hand, any epidemic, let alone a pandemic, has very specific economic consequences in the short, medium and long term. As world history testifies, first of all, epidemics, pandemics and other types of emergencies entail an excessive loss of resources, which can lead to a decline in economic growth, a slowdown in reproduction rates, and a decrease in the volume of output of goods and services in the territory where the disaster occurred. In these circumstances, today it is no longer in doubt that the COVID-19 pandemic has become a challenge for the global economy. Research and provisions on the feasibility of institutional changes in the system of budget revenues based on the activation of financial and economic regulatory potential of the state, which will increase budget revenues without increasing the tax burden on the domestic economy. The paper offers a brief analysis of the main short-term indicators of Ukraine's economic development. The modern functioning and filling of the revenue base of the state budget is considered, and the main problems are identified. Highlighted consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. The budget preparation process for the next fiscal years is reviewed, with an increased focus on institutional aspects and operational constraints related to the COVID-19 context. The stage of strategy formation, for the effective functioning and filling of the revenue Bai of the state budget is an essential part of its budget preparation process, unprecedented political measures to redirect existing resources to health and social support activities, the strategy formation stage will give the first opportunity to overestimate the impact of these measures and start planning the withdrawal of public finances on a solid foundation. According to the recommendations made to resolve the fiscal issue. The author highlights the mechanisms of flexibility of the state budget.

Technological unemployment and the business model of sharing economy in conditions of digitalized economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 208-225
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Belova
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Technological Unemployment ◽  
The One ◽  
Development Paradigm ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Industrial Revolutions

The article traces the impact of innovation on employment and workers income during industrial revolutions. The aim of the study is to identify the business model that contributes to improving the well-being and reducing negative impact of innovative transformations on employees. To achieve this goal, we analyze: the conceptions of industrial revolutions; the “Engels pause”, which arose during the First Industrial Revolution as a “surge” in inequality due to the contradiction between productivity growth and profit, on the one hand, and the stagnation of workers’ real incomes, on the other; the effect of replacing manual labor with automated one; the problems of technological unemployment; the digital business model of sharing economy. The findings report conclusions concerning the change in economic development paradigm as a result of the replacement of classical consumption models by sharing economy business model, on the prospects of the sharing economy business model in the context of its ability to solve employment problems, overcome technological unemployment and increase employees’ income. The achieved results can be useful for policymakers and corporate structures that design innovative development strategies.

scholarly journals COVID-19 pandemic impact on dentists in Latin America’s epicenter: São-Paulo, Brazil

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256092
Author(s):  
Tatiane Fernandes Novaes ◽  
Maisa Camillo Jordão ◽  
Carlos Felipe Bonacina ◽  
André Oswaldo Veronezi ◽  
Carlos Ariel Rodrigues de Araujo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Financial Impact ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Ordinal Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
The Impact

The state of São Paulo, Brazil, where more than 94.000 dentists are currently registered, has become the epicenter of COVID-19 in Latin America. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on dentists in this state. A semi-structured questionnaire was sent via e-mail to 93.280 dentists with active registration in the Dental Council of São Paulo (CROSP). The impact of COVID-19 pandemic was assessed through questions related to demographic, socioeconomic, dental practice characteristics and personal protective equipment (PPE) use. Ordinal logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between all the variables (p<0.05). Over 8 days, 2113 responses were received. Only 26.52% of the sample reported a low-income reduction (from 0–10%), while the majority of dentists reported a more negative financial impact, 35.6% with a reduction of more than 50% of their monthly income. Dentists who worked in the private sector and at the capital had a greater financial impact when compared to those of the public sector and countryside of the state (p<0.05). Furthermore, about 83% reported not having received any specific training to control the transmission of coronavirus in the health area. This study provides evidence of the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the routine of dentists in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Hopefully, this study will help dental and other health care professionals to better understand the consequences of disease in dental settings and strengthen preparedness throughout the dental health care system.

scholarly journals State Administration of Retirement Age in the terms of Budget Crisis

Upravlenie ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
Соловьев ◽  
A. Solovev
Keyword(s):  
Pension System ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
Pension Policy ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
State Pension ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the study is to analyze the effect of age on the appointment of the state pension fiscal system in our country. The problem of rising of the retirement age in Russia is given a value that is far away from the traditional context of direct influence of demographic processes on the level of pensions, on the one hand, and adaptation of the pension system to changing demographic factors, on the other. In the article the pension system for the first time is considered as a multifactorial model that corrects the degree of dependence on the mutually complex of macroeconomic and demographic factors in the different historical periods. This requires a fundamental change in the methodological approaches to the problem of rising the retirement age by using actuarial methods of forecasting. Actuarial analysis of the problem of retirement age in the work shows that the perception of the linear dependence of the age of the destination state of the demographic parameters cannot be considered as a tool for regulating the efficiency of the pension system. The results of the study are the specific parameters of actuarial assessments of the impact of demographic and macroeconomic conditions to increase the retirement age in Russia, conducted using data from the state statistics, formulated practical proposals to mitigate negative economic consequences. Conclusion: Rising the retirement age should be aimed at economic stimulation of formation of the pension rights of the insured in the long term, rather than the economy of the state budget. Methodological approaches, grounded in the work, and quantitative results of the actuarial calculations will be used in the formation of public pension policy in the preparation of the regulations to rise the retirement age, the pension formula of calculating the pension rights of insured persons, the mechanism of pension indexation.

Digital Media and Memory Balkanization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis L.F. Lee ◽  
Joseph M. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

Chapter 8 discusses the impact of digital media on collective memory. The chapter examines both the positive and negative impact of digital and social media. On the one hand, the analysis notes how digital media provided the channels for memory mobilization and the archives for memory transmission. On the other hand, the analysis examines the problematics of memory balkanization. It explicates how political forces have shaped the development of digital and social media in Hong Kong and how competing representations of the Tiananmen Incident and commemoration activities are articulated and reinforced within distinctive memory silos.

How does mobile social media affect knowledge sharing under the “Guanxi” system?

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1343-1367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Zhang ◽  
Jiaxin Tang ◽  
Xin Wei ◽  
Minghui Yi ◽  
Patricia Ordóñez
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
New Product Development ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Close Cooperation ◽  
The One ◽  
Explicit And Implicit Knowledge ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of mobile social media functions on explicit and implicit knowledge sharing under the “Guanxi” system based on the framework of stimulus–organism–response (SOR). Design/methodology/approach Combined with Guanxi theory, this paper designs an experiment to collect data from the new product development (NPD) teams. Findings Interestingly, the results show that the effect of social media communication function on employees is greater than the impact of collaboration on employees. Specifically, on the one hand, the more employees communicate in social media, the better their feelings will be, the less they will share knowledge. On the other hand, the collaboration function has a significantly negative impact on the psychological factors of employees. Excessively close cooperation and contact may instead create a contradiction between the employees, which is not conducive to the occurrence of knowledge sharing. Originality/value This paper extends SOR framework by combining Guanxi theory to examine the relationship between social media functions and knowledge sharing behavior (KSB). In practical, companies should pay attention to the frequency of employee using social media when it is introduced for NPD teams to control the negative influence of social media functions on employee KSB.

scholarly journals Tax Policy and Income Inequality in the Visegrad Countries

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Anna Moździerz
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Tax Policy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The State ◽  
Consumption Tax ◽  
Tax Reforms ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Recent Financial Crisis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Visegrád Countries

Abstract The financialisation of economies is believed to be the primary cause of the increase in income inequality in the world, occurring on a scale unseen for more than 30 years. One can hypothesise that it is the state that is responsible for the widening inequality, as the state has not sufficiently used the redistributive function of taxation. The purpose of this paper is to study the impact of tax policy on income inequality in Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Hungary. These so-called Visegrad countries have, in the last several years, carried out some controversial experiments with tax policy, specifically in terms of the flattening of tax progressivity or its replacement with a flat tax, which led to the weakening of the income adjustment mechanism. The imbalance between income tax and consumption tax has contributed to perpetuating income inequality. The verification of tax systems carried out during the recent financial crisis has forced the countries included in this research to implement tax reforms. The introduced changes caused various fiscal and redistributive effects. Analyses show that the changes in income taxation and an increase in the consumption tax rate had the most negative impact on the income and asset situation in Hungary.

scholarly journals Mutual effect of labour market development and COVID-19 pandemic progression

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 421-428
Author(s):  
N. V. Shishkina ◽  
E. A. Mamistova ◽  
T. V. Sabetova
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Mutual Effect ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Consequence ◽  
Staff Retention ◽  
Current Events ◽  
The Moment ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

This paper tackles the economic impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on the labor markets and human capital. Specifically, it looks into the issues the pandemic brought upon the human resources and personnel during coronavirus lockdowns. The high level of globalization characteristic of the modern economy has only exacerbated the negative impact of the pandemic. At the moment, it remains impossible to assess the qualitative and quantitative parameters of the damage caused to the economies of countries and regions by this event. However, it is possible to identify the main directions of analysis of the consequences of the pandemic, including in terms of the impact on the state of the labor market, which was the main goal of this study. In particular, the authors highlight a number of consequences, the work on overcoming which is still to be done by the Russian socio-economic system. The most obvious of them is the growth of unemployment, the release of part of the employed and the reduction in the number of jobs, and this is observed extremely unevenly across the sectors of the economy. Nevertheless, the authors point out that the problem of staff release is aggravated by the size of the share of informal employment in the labor market, especially in the sectors of public catering, leisure and tourism that have been most affected by the pandemic. As the second important problem, the authors point to ineffective staff reduction, the dismissal of useful and valuable employees of some organizations while maintaining an unnecessarily bloated staff of others. It also mentions the reasons and forms of staff retention, some of which, being either forced or economically and technologically attractive, give rise to additional problems. The authors call an important social consequence of the pandemic a reduction in the number and level of personal contacts in society, in particular, in working groups. As a result, the author's vision of the long-term consequences of current events for the state of the labor market, employment of the population and the economy as a whole is proposed.)

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF THE SHADOW ECONOMY ON THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuliia Romanovska ◽  
Lily Strapachuk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Shadow Economy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
High Inflation ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

The article considers the approaches to the interpretation of the category "shadow economy", which causes a variety of approaches to assessing the impact of the shadow economy on the socio-economic development of Ukraine. The spread of the pandemic and the complication of economic conditions, formed as a result of the introduction of forced restrictive measures, have led to the growth of the shadow economy in Ukraine. The index of shadowing of the economic sphere in relation to the inflation index and the level of the state budget deficit has been studied. The factors that led to the shadowing of the economy and caused the growth of the share of the shadow sector in the economy of Ukraine are highlighted. The main components of shadow employment are identified. Business entities operating in the shadow sector have significantly more competitive advantages and much higher efficiency than legally operating businesses. As a result, such enterprises are an obstacle to the flow of funds to the budgets of all levels of the country, and as a consequence, have a negative impact on socio-economic development in general. In recent years, state budget expenditures have been growing too slowly, which indicates a high level of shadowing of the economy in conditions of high inflation and, consequently, negatively affects the socio-economic security of society. Budget expenditures are closely linked to public policy, which allows the state to curb the level of economic shadowing through measures to reform relevant areas. It is investigated that the State budget expenditures grow too slowly, which indicates a high level of shadowing of the economy in conditions of high inflation. The paper substantiates the reasons for the growth of the shadow economy and identifies the main measures to reduce shadow employment, the manifestations of which are the deformation of social and economic institutions of the state. The de-shadowing of the economy provides citizens with the right to social protection, in the form of social guarantees in case of unemployment, temporary incapacity for work, accidents or occupational diseases during official work, pensions, etc.

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