scholarly journals Bioactive constituents of red and green lettuce grown under colour shade nets

2020 ◽  
pp. 937
Author(s):  
Zoran S. Ilić ◽  
Lidija Milenković ◽  
Ljubomir Šunić ◽  
Saša Barać ◽  
Dragan Cvetković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Blue Shade ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B ◽  
Leaf Lettuce

The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of coloured shade-nets (pearl, blue, or red all with a 50% shade index) compared to non-shaded plants on quality traits on the Discoa and ICE 40102 (green-leaf) and Eglantine (red-leaf) lettuce cultivars. Total chlorophyll content depended on the shading and lettuce genotype. The chlorophyll a and b contents were higher in shaded than unshaded plants. The cv. Eglantine had the highest total chlorophylls (637.03 μg∙g-1 F.M.) content. The highest carotenoid content was in leaves of cv. Discoa under pearl nets (208.89 μg∙g-1 F.M). The highest total phenols content (76.70±1.9 mg∙g-1 GAE D.M.) was in cv. Discoa under red shade; the highest flavonoids content was for cvs. Discoa (42.97) and Eglantine (42.91 mg∙g-1 RU D.M.) under blue shade. The blue and pearl shade nets resulted in slightly higher flavonoid contents in lettuce leaves compared to unshaded plants. The cv. Eglantine, under blue shade had the highest antioxidant capacity (EC50 - 0.197 mg∙mL-1). Red lettuce cv. Eglantine could be recommended for production due to its higher antioxidant properties. Generally blue shade can be used to retain antioxidant capacity.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PERBANDINGAN IKAN KEMBUNG (Rastrelliger kanagurta) DENGAN SAYUR GONDA (Sphenoclea zeylanica Gaertner) TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK BAKSO

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 426
Author(s):  
Brogina Mayank Dini ◽  
Luh Putu Trisna Darmayanti ◽  
I Ketut Suter
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Carbohydrate Content ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Randomized Design

This research was conducted with the aim to determine the effect of comparison of mackerel with gonda vegetable on meatballs characteristics and get a comparison of mackerel with specific gonda vegetable that can produce meatballs with the best characteristics. This study uses a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with treatment that is the comparison of mackerel with gonda vegetable consisting of 6 levels: 100%: 0%; 95%: 5%; 90%: 10%; 85%: 15%; 80%: 20%; 75%: 25%. Each treatment was repeated 3 times so that obtained 18 units. The data is then analyzed by analysis of variance and if the treatment influences the proposed variable then it is continued by Duncan. The results showed that the comparison of mackerel and gonda vegetable had a very significant effect on water content, ash content, fat content, protein content, carbohydrate content, total chlorophyll content, antioxidant capacity, color (scoring), texture, aroma, overall acceptance and no significant effect for texture, aroma and taste. Comparison of 80% mackerel and 20% gonda vegetables had the best characteristics, with 62.99% water content, 1.56% ash content, 1.28% fat content, 8.75% protein content, 25.43% carbohydrate content, 18.39% total chlorophyll content, antioxidant capacity 25.63%. Sensory properties obtained are color (rather green, rather like), texture (rather like), flavor (liked) and overall acceptance (like).

The effect of solvent extraction on antioxidant properties of apricot fruit

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annamaria Leccese ◽  
Raffaella Viti ◽  
Susanna Bartolini
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Aqueous Ethanol ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Fruit Samples ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Ethanol Ethanol

AbstractTwo solvent extraction procedures were used to investigate the extraction efficiency in terms of total antioxidant capacity and total phenols in apricot fruit. Samples were either sequentially extracted with aqueous ethanol (ethanol/water 80% v/v) and tetrahydrofuran or directly extracted with tetrahydrofuran. Each extract was analyzed for total antioxidant capacity by the Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC) assay and total phenols by the Folin-Ciocalteu assay. The results showed that using sequential solvent extraction, the majority (85%) of the total antioxidant capacity and total phenols was due to hydrophilic compounds. In tetrahydrofuran direct extractions, the total antioxidant capacity and total phenols were higher than values obtained with aqueous ethanol and the sum of results obtained from sequential extracts for either total antioxidant capacity or total phenols was similar to the tetrahydrofuran-extract antioxidant values. A linear correlation between total antioxidant capacity and total phenols was found and was independent of the solvent extraction method. In conclusion, the choice of solvent is related to the antioxidant potential of fruit and depends on the food hydrophilic/lipophilic composition.

scholarly journals Seasonal changes of photosynthetical parameters as a results of forest gap model

2015 ◽  
pp. 133-136
Author(s):  
Árpád Szalacsi ◽  
Gergely Király ◽  
Szilvia Veres
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Light Stress ◽  
High Light ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B

Photosynthetic parameters of English oak (Quercus robur L.) as a member of Querco robori-Carpinetum were investigated in two different habitat in terms of gap forest management: in the gap and in the host forest. The artifical opening process of the forest resulted in more light for growing saplings and need for acclimatization. Photosynthesis is one of the most important way for plant life and plant production. In the centre of photosynthetic efficiency the quality and quantity traits of photosynthetic pigments are standing. During our work some photosynthetic parameters of plants (in the gap and in the forest as well) were measured: relative chlorophyll content as SPAD index, chlorophyll a and b content, total chlorophyll content and ratio of chlorophyll a and b. Based on our results no significant differences among our data in early spring. Although, during the summer significant differences occurred between the measured values in the gap and in the forest area. Lower total chlorophyll content was experienced in the gap, than in the forest area due to the lower chlorophyll-b content. Because of the high light intensity higher chla/chlb ratio was measured in the gap. The lower chlorophyll contents of gap habitat may have a part of the acclimatization process of photosynthetic apparatus against high light stress, which can determinate the survival chance of individual.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF LEAVES EXTRACT OF IPOMOEA CAIRICA ON CHLOROPHYLL AND CAROTENOID IN PARTHENIUM HYSTEROPHOROUS L.

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 103-107
Author(s):  
Deepa Srivastava ◽  
K. Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Leaf Powder ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B ◽  
Noxious Weed ◽  
And Control

Photosynthetic effects of the leaves extracts from Ipomoea cairica on Partheniumhysterophorus L were studied. Ipomoea cairica dried leaf powder (20g) was dissolved in distilled water (200ml) for foliar application. The seedlings were maintained under natural condition in Insect free net house. The experiment was carried out to analyze the effects of Ipomoea cairica leaves extract by measuring chlorophyll ‘a’, chlorophyll ‘b’, total chlorophyll and carotenoid contents in Parthenium. The experimental plants were sprayed 20 days after emergence and control plants were maintained by a simultaneous spray of distilled water. Leaves of Partheniumhysterophorus were collected at 5 days interval following the foliar application of Ipomoea cairica leaves extract up to 15th day. Results showed that Chlorophyll (total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a and b) and carotenoid content was adversely affected as the duration of Ipomoea cairica leaves extract increased. This potential of Ipomoea cairica can be used as herbicide to control noxious weed Partheniumhysterophorous.

scholarly journals Interactive Impact of Biochar and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal on Root Morphology, Physiological Properties of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) and Soil Enzymatic Activities

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2341
Author(s):  
Dilfuza Jabborova ◽  
Kannepalli Annapurna ◽  
Ravish Choudhary ◽  
Subrata Nath Bhowmik ◽  
Said E. Desouky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Total Root Length ◽  
Root Volume ◽  
Trigonella Foenum Graecum ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Chlorophyll A Content

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation and biochar amendment has been reported to improve the growth of several crop plant; however, their role in stress amelioration individually as well as in combination has not been worked out. Limited information is available about the synergistic use of biochar and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF). Here, we investigated the synergistic effect of biochar and AMF on plant development, root architecture, the physiological performance of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum), and soil enzymatic activities. Biochar and AMF were shown to have a considerable effect on plant height, according to the data (53.3 and 66.6%, respectively), leaf number (22.5 and 45.1%), total root length (19.8 and 40.1%), root volume (32.1 and 71.4%), chlorophyll a content (26.0 and 17.8%), chlorophyll b content (50.0 and 28.9%), total chlorophyll content (30.0 and 18.1%), and carotenoid content (60.0 and 48.0%) over the control treatment. There was a considerable increase in plant height when biochar and AMF were combined together by 80.9%, total root length by 68.9%, projected area by 48.7%, root surface area by 34.4%, root volume by 78.5%, chlorophyll a content by 34.2%, chlorophyll b content by 68.4%, total chlorophyll content by 44.5%, and carotenoid content by 84.0% compared to the control. Our results recommend that the combination of biochar and AMF is advantageous in fenugreek growth, microbial biomass, and soil enzyme activities.

scholarly journals Comparison of antioxidant contents of green and red leaf lettuce cultured in hydroponic systems under greenhouse, and conventional soil culture.

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 9077-9088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Cristina Zapata-Vahos ◽  
Felipe Rojas-Rodas ◽  
Dorely David ◽  
Jaime A. Gutierrez-Monsalve ◽  
Dagoberto Castro-Restrepo
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Polyethylene Film ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Soil Culture ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
Uv Filter ◽  
Hydroponic Systems ◽  
Leaf Lettuce

Hydroponic technologies have increased the cultivated area under greenhouses covered with UV filter polyethylene film. However, there is a concern about the antioxidant contents of lettuces produced under these systems. In this study, it was compared to the antioxidant contents of green and red leaf lettuces produced in two hydroponic systems in a greenhouse, against the ones produced with the conventional cultivation system by Colombian farmers. The antioxidant analysis revealed significant statistical differences for DPPH and Anthocyanin analyses (P=0) versus all other culture systems. The best results were obtained in the conventional cultivation. Red lettuce obtained the highest value of FRAP (655.3±82.6 mgAAE 100g-1), ABTS (17.8±6.9 mmolTE 100g-1), total phenols (680.2±69.3 mgGAE 100g-1) and anthocyanin (126.2±6.9 mgC3G 100g-1). Green lettuce exhibited the most antioxidant activity of DPPH (20.7±5.6 mmolTE 100g-1). These results suggest a detrimental effect of the greenhouse covered with UV filter polyethylene film in the antioxidant production of lettuce. Finally, red leaf lettuce showed better antioxidant capacity independent of the cultivation system.

scholarly journals Biochemical Studies in Some Indigenous Dye Yielding Plants of Manipur

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joylani D. SAIKHOM ◽  
Jekendra S. SALAM ◽  
Kumar S. POTSHANGBAM ◽  
Manabendra D. CHOUDHURY ◽  
Haripriya D. MAIBAM
Keyword(s):  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Solanum Nigrum ◽  
Terminalia Chebula ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Bixa Orellana ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Garcinia Xanthochymus

Ten natural dye yielding and two mordant plants were biochemically analyzed. Though natural dyes are widely used, information about the active principles responsible for dyeing is hardly available. In the present experiment, total chlorophyll, carotinoids, tannins, phenolics, flavonoids and curcumin were determined among the dye yielding plants, while K, S, P, Ca, Mg, Mn, Zn, Fe, Cu and Co were determined in the case of mordant plants. In Bixa orellana, used for yellow dyeing, the carotinoid content was 163.11 mg g-1 and in Clerodendrum chinense and Datura stramonium, which were used for green colouring, total chlorophyll content of 10.29 mg and 11.83 mg g-1 was recorded. Curcumin content responsible for orange colouring in Curcuma domestica was 27.7 mg g-1 while flavonoid content in Solanum nigrum and Terminalia chebula, which were used for brown, brown to black dyes was 24.89 and 21.73 mg g-1. Among the plants used for dyeing different colours, Punica granatum and Parkia timoriana were found to contain higher amounts of total phenols and bound phenols by recording 681.2 mg g-1 and 287.6 mg g-1 total phenols and 151.6 mg g-1 and 130.2mg g-1 bound phenols, while higher amounts of orthodihydric phenols and tannins were recorded in Punica granatum and Strobilanthes flaccidifolius by recording 20.11mg g-1 and 9.54mg g-1 orthodihydric phenols and 675.57mg g-1 and 648.12 mg g-1 tannins, respectively. In case of the plants used as mordant, higher contents of Ca, Mg, K, Zn, Fe and Mn were detected in Achyranthes aspera, while higher amounts of P, Fe and Cu were recorded in Garcinia xanthochymus.

scholarly journals Determining the Potential of Haematococcus pluvialis Oleoresin as a Rich Source of Antioxidants

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (22) ◽  
pp. 4073
Author(s):  
Mari Carmen Ruiz-Domínguez ◽  
Carolina Espinosa ◽  
Adrián Paredes ◽  
Jenifer Palma ◽  
Carolina Jaime ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Supercritical Co2 ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Haematococcus Pluvialis ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Total Phenol ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Phenol Content

Haematococcus pluvialis is known to be a natural source of antioxidants for numerous applications. In this study, an oleoresin rich in carotenoids extracted by supercritical CO2 treatment of H. pluvialis was extensively characterized for its antioxidant capacity. Carotenoid content, fatty acid profile, total phenol content, antioxidant capacity, and viscosity of the oleoresin were determined with the aim of ascertaining the potential of the oleoresin in terms of its antioxidant content for food applications. The oleoresin contained 96.22 mg/g of total astaxanthin (which includes free astaxanthin and astaxanthin esters) and mostly included unsaturated fatty acids (~78% of total fatty acids). High total phenol content and ferric reducing antioxidant potential indicated high antioxidant capacity, but oxygen radical absorbance capacity was lower compared to the oleoresin samples obtained from other species. The oleoresin was a non-Newtonian fluid since it had shear-thinning (pseudoplastic) and shear-thickening (dilatant) flow. Therefore, the H. pluvialis oleoresin is a potential alternative in developing functional ingredients for designing healthy food products. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that has reported an extensive characterization of the antioxidant properties of a microalgal oleoresin obtained by means of supercritical CO2 fluid extraction.

scholarly journals Effect of extraction conditions on the concentration of phenolic compounds in Mexican oregano (Lippia graveolens Kunth) residues

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-381
Author(s):  
M. Estela Frías-Zepeda ◽  
◽  
Martha Rosales-Castro ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Aqueous Ethanol ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Similarity Analysis ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Extraction Solvent ◽  
Mass Volume

Introduction: Mexican oregano (Lippia graveolens Kunth) leaves are marketed for use in food and for essential oil extraction. Phenolic compounds with antioxidant properties can be obtained from the residues (leaves without oil and stems) under appropriate extraction conditions. Objective: To evaluate the effect of extraction solvent and mass/volume ratio on phenolic compounds concentration and their antioxidant capacity in oregano residues. Materials and methods: Residual leaf (without oil) and stems of oregano were used to obtain extracts with 30, 50 and 80 % aqueous ethanol (ET30, ET50, ET80, respectively) and solvent mass/ volume ratios (1:10, 1:20 and 1:30). Yield in solids, total phenols concentration and flavonoids, and antioxidant capacity were evaluated in the extracts. Similarity analysis between extracts was performed by HPLC-DAD and the main phenols were identified by UPLC-MS. Results and discussion: Extract yields, phenol concentrations and flavonoids and antioxidant capacity for leaves were higher than for stems. The maximum concentration of phenols was obtained with ET80 and 1:30 ratio, which indicates better dissolution in ethanol than in water. The extracts ET50 and ET80 had chromatographic similarity of phenols in both residues; naringenin, taxifolin, eriodictyol, caffeic acid and luteolin were the major compounds. Conclusion: Ethanol-water concentrations and mass/solvent ratios are feasible for obtaining flavonoid and non-flavonoid phenolic compounds with antioxidant capacity from oil-free leaves and stems of oregano.

Effects of Phosphorus Stress on Photosynthetic Pigments in Sagittaria sagittifolia

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 118-121
Author(s):  
Qing Qing He ◽  
Zhou Li Liu ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Lin Hao ◽  
Jiao Jiao Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Phosphorus Stress ◽  
Sagittaria Sagittifolia ◽  
Chlorophyll A Content

The photosynthetic pigments of Sagittaria sagittifolia, including total chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a content, chlorophyll b content and carotenoid content, were investigated after 0, 7, 14 and 21 d exposure to 3 mg L-1 P. After 7 d P-exposure, total chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a content and chlorophyll b content increased significantly compared with the control, and then decreased with time extended. Carotenoid content increased significantly after 14 d P-exposure compared with the control, and then decreased slightly after 21 d P-exposure.

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